Tourism & Hospitality Management Trends

This assignment delves into contemporary trends within tourism research. It examines the influence of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the field, referencing studies that analyze social media's role and the evolution of travel planning using the internet. Additionally, it explores the burgeoning area of eudaimonia research in tourism, discussing its significance for understanding traveler well-being and developing sustainable tourism practices.

Contemporary issues in travel
and tourism

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1...........................................................................................................................................3
1.2...........................................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1...........................................................................................................................................5
2.2...........................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
3.1...........................................................................................................................................6
3.2...........................................................................................................................................7
3.3...........................................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1...........................................................................................................................................8
4.2...........................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
The travel and tourism industry have a dramatically changes which can leads to to sudden
crises for the industry. There are various internal and external factors which can affects the
business activity of the industries. The internal factors are controllable to the organization, but
there are external factors which involves the new trends in the industry, change in the customer
expatiations and needs, government polices towards the industries have a great impact and which
are not controllable for the company. The company requires to make changes their strategies
accordingly which help to attain the goals and objectives of the company (Becker, 2016).
Thomas cook is one the leading tourism company which provide a wide range of products and
better services to its customers. The purpose of this report is to identify and analyses the recent
changes in the tour and tourism industry and hoe the company make their strategies to faces
these challenges in a more effective ways.
TASK 1
1.1
In UK there are so many tourist destination in the whole world and having popularity is
increasing day by day. There are various places in UK which are the key places from the
different point of view in the tourism industry. This sector having a high contribution in the
economy. There are so many tourist spots in UK which is registered and that places which is
visited by the tourist. There are so many places in the economy which having a proper
contribution in the sector of travel and tourism. In this sector, they have to increase the number
of visitors and for that members of Thomas Cook have to do the proper efforts for doing the
proper development in the different tourist destination. In the tourism industry they have to
develop the infrastructure of the tourist places so that many visitors come on the tourist
destination (Hall, Timothy and Duval, 2012). Tourism is the industry which is fragmented
which having a important role in the isolated manner so that many entity play a important role as
a individual in the absence of the collective actions which fluctuate the growth in the economy.
There are various aspects which are driving the change in the travel and tourism sector which
includes technological development, high disposable income, education and industry association,
terrorism etc.

 Technological development has a major impact on the sector of travel and tourism. This
factor helps in increasing the connectivity in different countries of economy by this
consumers or person can attain the awareness by the new technology about the new
places and by that they get attracted. Further, by this Thomas Cook attain the success and
by using the new technology they can attract the more person. On the other side they can
increase the ratio which is related to tourism among many tourists.
 Consumers attain the high disposable income and consumers have to do the proper
spending on the tourist places so that they can increased the capacity of doing work and
by that Thomas Cook can improve the productivity in the travel and tourism sector. The
person or consumer having the capability that they do proper spend much money on the
tourist places for doing the different activities so that fulfil the basic needs of consumers.
This factor having a positive impact on the sector of travel and tourism (Xiang, Magnini
and Fesenmaier, 2015).
 At the present time education is more important and by this consumer will be more aware
by attaining the high qualifications. Consumers can attain the information or data online
and doing the meetings from those person who are having the high income group and by
that they can easily travel to the other cities and can not face any problem and this is also
a important and essential factor which helps Thomas Cook in attaining the success in
travel and tourism sector.
 Thomas Cook have to use proper strategies because sector of travel and tourism is depend
on the different strategies and policies. In this all the companies whether it is related to
hotels, airline and restaurant industry as they are interrelated and interdependent. They
have to use the proper strategies which is related to marketing which affects the success
of Thomas Cook in the tourism industry.
 There are different factors which is related to environment like pollution, climate etc.
along with this Thomas Cook have to use the proper climate so that tourist can not face
any problem by that entity can attain the success in the tourism sector.
Tourist select those places where they are having a huge local market in the economy. They
select the places on the basis of whether and in the country so many destination and by that
consumers attracted and by that company can attain the success in the travel and tourism sector
(Phelan, 2015).

1.2
Tourist have to select the destination for the tourism and hospitality organization. There
are different factors in the economy which affect the travel and tourism sector and Thomas cook
have to develop those factors so that they can attain the success in the industry. On the basis of
these factors company have to make the proper decisions so that person attract to the places and
they choose the country as a destination. Entity have to develop the factors whether it is
technological or social factors which helps in attaining the targets which are set by the company
members. They have to do make the correct decisions which is in the favour of company as well
as tourist (Barker, 2014). Consumers have to select the correct place as a destination which helps
in the expansion of the economy along with this it helps in attaining the targets in the industry of
travel and tourism. The members of Thomas Cook have to make the proper index so that they
can maintain the security of the forces of life which helps in achieving the success.
There are so methods by which they can collect the data or information and this data
helps in doing the changes which help in attaining the goals and objectives. The members of
Thomas Cook have to make the report by using the data or information along with this company
has to fulfil the needs and wants along with the requirements of the consumers so that the person
can not face any difficulty and entity attain the success in the tourism industry. The company can
use both primary and secondary source or the data. The primary data helps in gathering the
information from the interview and Thomas Cook have to do the market survey. Along with this
they have to use the secondary data which has to be collected from the newspapers and journals
(Sirgy and Uysal, 2016). Along with this the company members have to make the reports by
using the contemporary issues which influence the sector of travel and tourism which helps
Thomas Cook in attaining the targets so that they can attain the success by the using the primary
and secondary data along with company can expand the business in the existing market.
TASK 2
2.1
In the industry of travel and tourism there are various trends which are having the
introduction on the various type of activities which is related to travel and tourism. The sector of
travel and tourism having the different activities which are defined on the basis of its type,
territory along with they are having the different purpose by which Thomas Cook can attain the

targets. There are so many tourism in the economy which includes inbound tourism, outbound
tourism, sports and leisure tourism. When person have to decide the destination within the
boundary of the country or the resident which is local and have to decide to travel outside the
territory of the country so that they have to make the proper calculation so that they have to take
place which is inbound tourism. Another one is outbound tourism. In this when person travel
when the person is the resident of the other country visits in the territory which is comes under
outbound terrorism and this tourism is very much important and also beneficial for the countries
in the economy. Sports tourism is also very popular by which they can increase the tourism by
any particular sports (Standing, Tang-Taye and Boyer, 2014). The major impact of this is that
they have to create the short term employment and also strengthen the popularity level along
with this the members of Thomas Cook have to maintain enthusiasm of the person and by that
they can attain the success and achieve the targets in the industry of travel and tourism. Another
is Leisure tourism which helps in providing the entertainment to the tourist along with the
travelling which having the business purpose. Along with this they have to maintain the heritage
and culture which is very important factors in attaining the targets and Thomas Cook have to
follow these factors so that many tourist come and by that they can attain the targets in the
industry.
2.2
There are various techniques and resources which are helpful in analysing the changes
which helps in increasing the market in travel and tourism sector. Thomas cook have to do the
proper market research with the proper technique so that they can attain the success along with
the tourist have to choose the right place and it helps in deciding the location that where they
want to go or travel. Many person choosing UK for vacations because the environment is very
pleasant and the behaviour of the public is also good and they are very supportive. There is
another technique and the method by which consumers can choose the proper and best
destination (Gursoy and Sandstrom, 2014). They have to do the industry analysis so that they can
easily decide the destination. This technique is very helpful for the modern world by this they
can decide the places. To become successful they they have to check the different factors so that
they can not face any problem. They have to check the condition and environment as they are the
factors which have to keep in mind so that entity become successful and they will be happy
while doing the proper planning of the destination.

TASK 3
3.1
The environment of travel and tourism are changing dramatically due various factors. It
involves terrorism issues in various countries, political instability in various countries,
environmental issues around the world etc. These all factors are affect adversely to the business
of the Thomas Cook. Therefore the top management of the company requires that to make
effective strategies to respond these changes more effectively. So that it can help to maintain the
profitability and market share of the company (Webster and Ivanov, 2014). For example if the
customer are want to go in the middle east for travelling. There are the civil unrest in the various
countries which are increase the risk of the business. The customer of UK are not willing to go
these places. Another important factor is that the development in the advances technology and
innovation having a great impact on the company. Like internet revolution had a gig impact of
the travel and tourism industry. The potential customer are able to research the destination and
book all things online. Which can directly provide hotels and resorts, food, transportation, and
other services (Leung and et.al., 2013). The another important factor is that financial crises and
recession in the Europe and UK have large impact on the the company business. It can decline
the number of business travellers and other travellers which can reduces the business activities of
the organization. The various multinational companies are reduces their prices on the travel
products and services are not good for the company. It can increase the financial burden on the
company (Sirgy and Uysal, 2016). Thomas Cook also reduces their travel product prices to
maintain the market share of the company. The top management of the company requires that to
make a long term strategies and plan. Which can give the long term survivability in the market
and also increase the market share.
3.2
In order to respond these changes the senior manager of Thomas Cook requires to make
the long term strategies. Which can help to develop capabilities for facing these changes. The
initial level the managers need to make various marketing strategies and techniques which can
attract the number of customer for the company (Yüksel, 2017). The company can provide a
wide range of products to its customers, so that they can attract more and more customers in the
peak level. The organization can also make segmentation and make strategies accordingly. For

example there are various customer which are like the different sports like football, Olympic and
other sports. The company can provide sports destination as products which can satisfy the needs
of the customers. The company also focus on the niche segment of the market. It can helps to
maintain the market share and profitability of the company. The customer centric approach helps
to increase in the sales of the company. The personalization can be used by the company to help
the design the product and services accordingly. Apart form that the development of different
types of parks venues, museums, shopping destinations, etc. can be added in the products which
can attract the large number of customers (Hudson and Thal, 2013). The another important thing
is the company can focus on the prices of the product. If the government can reduces the taxes
and duties, it can give the relief of the customers. The company can also use the technology like
internet. They requires to promote their products through internet platforms social media which
includes Facebook, You Tube, Twitter, Instagram etc. And company can make their own online
platform which is looks great. So that the organization can attain their long tern goals and
objectives.
3.3
All these strategies helps to the make to maintain their long term goals and objective so
that they can attain there goals and objectives. To promote their products and services the
company can use the rebranding strategies which can its position stronger in the market as
compare to its competitors. For rebranding strategies the management requires that to identify
the new brand promise to their customers. For the first identify the reason for that where the
company failing as a brand (Hall, Timothy and Duval, 2012). There are various tools which can
be used to identify the problems. Customer survey about their products and services can be used
to identify the actual problem. The company can take advice from the brand experts. The
company can also review and evaluate their existing products and services. The customer
feedback essential for the company. The customer experience of their travelling are help to
improve the products and services more effectively.
TASK 4
4.1
The travel and tourism industries are highly changeable. These changes are relating to the
internal as well as the external. Which can affects the business activities of the travel industries.

The travel industries facing the various challenges like crime, uncertainty in weather conditions,
and global terrorism (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully, 2013). There are various changes like
change in the government polices, change in the trends and preferences of the customers, change
in the various other factors which directly influences the industry. So that the industries have to
change their strategies according to these changes. The products and services also are perishable
in nature, any sudden changes in the above mentioned factors can create a serious problem or
crises for the industry. For example the company best marketing strategies and planes can be
destroyed by a sudden change in the external factors (Law, Buhalis and Cobanoglu, 2014). The
management of the company requires that to make the effective plan and alternative strategies so
that they can faces these challenges which is internal and external more effectively. The staff of
the company can not comfortable towards these changes. It is responsibilities of the company is
that to taking care all these and try to make communication regarding these changes. Be aware
that change affect to the various organizations at the different level and different manner.
Depending on the organizational culture can create the various problems and many people argues
that lack of time, capital and the expertise of these changes. The management of the company
make sure that their employees understand the requirement of changes and the benefits of these
changes. Implementation change in the organization is one of the tough task for any company.
Because it requires the careful analyses about the consequences of these changes. So that it can
affects the minimum for the industry as well as the company (Nunkoo, Ramkissoon and Gursoy,
2013A).
4.2
If the business can not respond to these changes in an effective manner, it can leads to falling in
the business activities. The business can losses their market share as well as the revenue and
profitability. The business of a hotel largely relies on the world of mouth marketing and negative
image of a hotel can result poor position in front of competitors. Initially Marriott has to make
appropriate changes in its prices as per the economic scenario and change in demand and supply
(yeh, Au and Law, 2013). During the peak season hotel can raise its prices but when the demand
is low it has to cut down its prices to attract guests. On the other hand it is also important for the
hotel to adopt technological advancements to remain in competition as all other key players in
industry are providing services like online bookings.

CONCLUSION
As per the above mentioned report it has been concluded that the there are various
changes are happening in the tour and tourism industries. Which have a adverse impact for the
company. These changes are external and internal as well. It also explained that how a company
can implement these changes more effectively. And attain their long term targets. It also
concluded that if these changes are not implemented effectively it can create crises for the
company. The company can losses their market share and the profitability as well.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
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management, and marketing. Routledge.
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management, and marketing. Routledge.
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Sirgy, M. J. and Uysal, M., 2016. Developing a Eudaimonia Research Agenda in Travel and
Tourism. In Handbook of Eudaimonic Well-Being (pp. 485-495). Springer International
Publishing.

Sirgy, M.J and Uysal, M., 2016. Developing a Eudaimonia Research Agenda in Travel and
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Travel and tourism Courses.2016.Available
Through<https://www.oaklands.ac.uk/courses/travel-and-tourism.aspx>.Accessed on 20th
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Travel and Tourism. 2016.Available Through
<http://www.westcollegescotland.ac.uk/courses/course-directory/courses/travel-
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