Sustainability in the Hospitality Industry

This document discusses the concept of sustainability in the hospitality industry and its impact on management and leadership styles. It explores classical management theories, different leadership styles, and factors influencing management styles and structure. The document also provides insights into the role of leaders and the skills required in the service sector.

Sustainability in the
hospitality industry

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PROJECT 1......................................................................................................................................1
P3 Review the management and leadership styles in service sector...........................................1
P4 Investigation of internal and external factors that influence management styles and
structure in selected service.........................................................................................................2
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................4
PROJECT 2......................................................................................................................................4
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
P5 Assessment of current and leadership 'hard and soft' skills providing evidence from specific
industry........................................................................................................................................5
P6 Discuss future management and leadership skills required in service sector.........................6
P7 Compare and contrast different service industry organization...............................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCE ..................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Service industries are growing differently and contribute to the GDP of country.
Leadership and management of service industry is little different from product based industries.
Leadership refers to ability of person to influence others to work to achieve common goal of
organisation. Management refers to the practise of coordinating all activity of business including
planning, organising, direction and control to achieve organisational goals. In this project, study
of Elm Tree Hotel and their leadership style. Elm Tree Hotel is a UK based hospitality company
providing hotel service at realistic price in UK. This project report include different classical
management theory and leadership style. It also include different factors which affect
management style, assessment of management and leadership skills with in organisation.
MAIN BODY
PROJECT 1
P1.Classical management theory and their application in service industry
Classical management theories are introduced to improve productivity of factories and
businesses. This theory is based on specialised role, hierarchy and leadership to increase
efficiency of organisation. Elm Tree Hotel are adopting this theory as it helps to increase their
productivity and efficiency of organisation. It include different theories like administrative
theory, scientific theory, talent management theory etc.
Bureaucratic Management: Bureaucratic management theory are introduced by Max Weber. It
is based on two elements which include hierarchy of organisation and define rules to control
organisation and its member. It include six principle which are as follows:
Authority Hierarchy: In this principle, Weber include that there should be always a
clear hierarchy in organisation defining roles and position of each employee. It helps the
employee to understand their roles and responsibility in organisation along with whom they need
to follow and order. There is authoritative hierarchy in Elm Tree Hotel as it clear defines role of
each position in organisation.
Formal rules and regulation: In organisation, principle, rules and regulation is clearly
defined which should be in written form. These rules and regulation should be clearly applicable
to everyone in organisation irrespective to their role and position. In Elm Tree Hotel, rules and
1

regulations are clearly written for each employee working in organisation despite of their
position.
Division of Labour: organisation should be divided whole work into small task and
these small task should be assigned to a right person who has capability to perform that task.
This will helps organisation in allocation of responsibility related to job at workplace and
improve efficiency in proper utilising human resources. Elm Tree Hotel has divided each work
of company in small task which helps them to assign responsibility to every employee.
Career orientation: Career orientation helps to motivate employees to work effectively
in organisation. It helps employee to build their long term career in organisation and also provide
them job security. Elm Tree Hotel provide proper career orientation to employees within
organisation which helps them to increase efficiency of business.
Impersonality: This principle emphasis on management decision should be independent
from favouritism. These decision should be rational than emotional as it may create
dissatisfaction for the organisation and its management. Manager of Elm Tree Hotel take
managerial decision impartially and rationally which improve trust of employee on organisation
and on management.
Selection process: This principle include there should be formal process of recruitment
in organisation which assess technical skills of employees. Promotion in organisation should also
be based on performance of employee as this will helps business to increase their productivity
and growth. There is proper recruitment process to hire employee in Elm Tree Hotel and they
also promote qualified employee having proper capabilities.
P2. Role of Leader and different leadership style
Role of Leader:
Leader plays different role in organisation as they guide and direct employees. They
coordinate efforts of leader in order to achieve business role. Role of leader in Elm Tree Hotel
are as follows:
Provide Vision: Leader provide vision to their employees as it helps to achieve common
goals of business. It provide direction to employee to putting their efforts in that path. Leader in
Elm Tree Hotel provide vision to their employee as it helps them to understand their roe to
achieve success of organisation.
2

Communication: Leader allow free flow of communication with employee. This helps
them to understand problem of their employees and solving them in effective manner. It increase
trust and mutual understanding between employee and organisation. Elm Tree Hotel allow two
way communication with employee which maintain good relation between leader and
employees.
Inspire and Motivate: Leader inspire their employee to work in direction of
organisational success and growth. They also motivate employee to work willingly in
organisation and aware them with benefit of working in direction of business success. Manager
of Elm Tree Hotel inspire employee of organisation to work in order to get more success for
business.
Leadership Style:
Autocratic leadership: Autocratic leadership is that leadership style in which all
decision are centralise by leader and does not allow employee to participate in decision making.
Leader make decision on the basis of their judgement and idea. This leadership style discourage
creativity in organisation and only allow one way communication as all the guideline, rules and
decision are made by leader.
Participative Leadership: Participative leadership refers to those leadership which
include all member of organisation to make decision. In this style leader encourage employees
to share their ideas and views on certain situation. It encourage creativity and allow two way of
communication in organisation.
Delegative Leadership: In this type of leadership style, leader does not control group
and all decision mare made by group members. In this leadership, leader provide resources to
their team members and provide their suggestion when group members are asked. This style
increase the expertise of team members and increase their satisfaction with organisation.
Elm Tree Hotel are adopting participative leadership as it helps them to get valuable
suggestions and ideas from employees. In this leadership, employees of organisation are more
satisfied and feel themselves as a part of organisation.
P3 Review the management and leadership styles in service sector.
Management styles is defined as a particular way in which management goes to
accomplish all objectives and completing the task. This is important for each management to
understand the needs and wants of their employees and provide them right suggestions to work
3

effectively. Such as Elm Tree that is small size hospitality industry in UK, applying the classical
management theory and effective management styles in order to make plan, organising work,
making decision, and accomplishing objectives in changing environment. This can help to
increase the business performance and productivity. The style of management vary by
organization, level of management, and person to person. This can help to increase the
performance in competitive environment and deliver the best quality of hotel services.
Leadership is the process of identifying problems, organising and arranging employees
who works at the workplace and accepting the challenges which are important for enhancing
organizational performance. In relation to Elm Tree, effective leadership styles are adopted by
leaders who identify employee's problems and provide them optimum solution for the purpose of
increasing profitability.
Different management styles are used by selected company that are as defined:
Maslow's theory: This is useful for personal and organizational development by
satisfying employees and retaining them for the purpose of getting work done effectively. In this,
management of Elm identifies what human needs and what drives or motivate people as
employer and employee develop their mutual relationships to conduct good work.
Physiological needs: The management of Elm Tree provides air, water, food, shelter, and
clothing to their employees that make feels good.
Safety needs: The staff gets emotional safety, environmental protection, workplace
safety and others that motivate to work regularly.
Social needs: This provides love, affection, belongingness, and friendship which are
important for individuals to works in organization.
Esteem needs: The management of selected hotel building confidence level of
employees, giving respect, recognising, and attention which helps to retain workers.
Self actualization: Herein, staff actualise or analysis their own capabilities to work and
manage the all performance that build confidence to work properly.
Different leadership and management style
Autocratic style: In this, management follows top-down approach where communication
allows from boss to employees. The management is only person who decide, establish goals, and
control over all activities by using their skills. In other words, employees are not allowed to work
or making effective decision that create the feeling of leaving the organization.
4

Laissez-Faire style: This leadership style is most effective in which staff trust to do their
work without supervision. The management is responsible for all workings as it evaluate the
environment and bring changes in their workings that can help to increase the business
performance and profitability in changing environment. Herein, management also delegate the
work between employees that supports to getting the work done.
Democratic leadership style: This style is used by management to encourage employer
as well as employees to make decision. This is important for each staff to understand the changes
which organization wants to introduce and share with all that can help to complete task. This
involves both way communication top-down and bottom-up for the purpose of developing skills
and managing effective business decisions.
Laissez-Faire style is use by Elm Tree organization where management decides goals
and share with leaders and employees so that each work can be manage or control effectively.
This can help to increase the organizational performance by delegating work between employees
and managing the task effectively. This control over all functions and activities by handling work
and attaining the business goals.
P4 Investigation of internal and external factors that influence management styles and structure
in selected service.
Internal factors: This means business aspects which arise within the organization and
influence operations positively and negatively. In relation to Elm Tree, management following
factor may influence management style and structure such as:
Company culture: This refers to attitude, behaviour, and values of organization or
individuals that shows while working. It has seen that if company have effective and good
working culture then employees ready to accept the changes and work properly. In relation to
Elm Tree, follows Handy culture theory where it mainly focuses on role culture that can help to
delegate the roles and responsibilities that can help to attain the business goals.
Diverse human resources: This means human being who contributes at the workplace
by understanding goals and accomplishing them by managing work. Employee are the prime
assets of company who performs role clearly. In relation to Elm Tree, human resource develop
good organizational performance by arranging staff at right place and getting the work done
effectively. This impacts positively on operation and administration by arranging human
resources and accepting changes.
5

Financial resource: The another factor in internal environment is finance as it require to
perform and managing each work. To start and running a business continuously finance is
needed that should be arrange by employer to complete the project and attaining higher
profitability. In case if organization is not able to arrange funds and resources then it impacts
negatively on operation of business.
External factors: This consider those factors which arise out of the organization and
might be affect the business in positive and negative ways. The management should be analysis
all factors that can help to bring the changes accordingly. The external factors are described
below:
Political: This involves political stability, tax rates, government stability, and others
affects business operation. The tax rate of UK is stable which impacts positively on Elm Tree as
it influence number of customers who comes to other country and increase performance.
Economical: This consider economic stability, inflation rates, interest rate, and others
that needs to consider while running business. After Covid-19 rate of employment has decrease
and hospitality industry being stopped due to spreading virus that reduced the sales and
profitability of organization.
Social: This involves needs of customers, social behaviour, beliefs, and culture that
require to consider in running business. In UK, people belongs to different culture who have
different demands. The management of Elm Tree focuses on demand and offer the services
which can help to enhance operation and sustainability in changing environment.
Technological: This involves new technology, innovation and creation that can help to
build organizational performance. In relation to Elm Tree, contact less payment, digital entry,
sanitization station, protecting equipment and others are provided to customers which helps to
give safe life and maintain sustainability.
Legal: This is important for each organization to understand all regulations and
legislation which can help to run the business and increase performance. Elm Tree is following
all employment regulation that impacts positively in order to operate business and increasing
performance.
Environmental: This involves all environmental regulations that needs to follow in
operating business and attaining productivity. Elm Tree is following the environmental safety
6

regulations and managing the good performance by reducing pollution and focusing on climate
change that impacts positively.
Thus, it has explained that internal and external are those factors which arises in
operation and might be impacts it negatively or positively. The management focuses on each
factor and make efforts to reduce the negative behaviour.
Conclusion
From the report it can be concluded that Leadership and management is important term
for organisation where management focuses on planning, organising, directing and controlling
the functions. Leadership is used to motivate the employees and working effectively. Classical
management theory is used to bring changes and maintaining sustainability. Manager and leader
is having different skills and abilities that uses to decide goals and work accordingly. PESTLE
analysis relates to external factor that has impacts on operation. Hard and soft skills in hospitality
industry
PROJECT 2
Introduction
Leadership is effective term which use by leader to identify problems and providing good
solution that can help to increase the workings and attaining productivity. In each organization
leader and management is important who conduct the environment analysis and introduce
changes that needs to adopt for accomplishing goals. Leader is an individual who have specific
skills and abilities to work and attaining good performance. The repost involves hard and soft
skills of Elm Tree's leader, future management skills and comparison or contrast for services
industry.
P5 Assessment of current and leadership 'hard and soft' skills providing evidence from specific
industry
Current leadership theory: This means management and leadership theory which use
by management in order to solve the problem and accomplishing task effectively. Such as Elm
Tree is using Bureaucratic leadership theory where employees are made to follow specific rules
and lines of authority that are created by authors. Herein, leader focuses on administrative needs
of employees and motivate to work hard to get higher productivity.
Soft and Hard skills of leader and management described below:
7

Soft Skills:
Team leadership skills: This shows ability of individual and team in order to getting
work done. The entry level management of Elm Tree understand how to gain trust of team
management is require to listen actively, cooperate, and disparate department that can help to
organise and manage the functions. This can help to increase business performance and
profitability.
Coaching and training skills: This refers as development of skills which is important to
analysis competition and formulate the planning accordingly that can help to provide individual
and team job satisfaction. The employees who works in Elm Tree having skills of coaching and
training that can help to complete the work and attaining the good performance in competitive
environment.
Problem solving skills: This means thinking on individual's feet as it enhance skills and
knowledge to particular field and managing all challenges. In relation to Elm Tree, leader and
management possess with problem solving skills where it analysed problem and provide
optimum solution to employees that can help to accomplish organizational activities effectively.
Hard skills
Sales and marketing – This refers as ability to understand, monitor, measure, and utilise
different marketing channels for the purpose of increasing organizational sales and profitability.
The leader who works in Elm Tree is require to have good sales and marketing skills that can
help to influence the huge number of customers by providing right details and prices of their
services.
Food and beverage management: In hospitality industry food and beverage
management is important task that can be manage by using own skills and abilities. In relation to
Elm Tree, manager is responsible for ensuring food handling complaint, applying food safety
rules and others that influence employees to work effectively by managing each functions.
Financial management: This can be consider as broad set of skills that involve finance
management and completing work effectively. The management of selected hotel is require to
have good financial management skills as it supports to better utilization of funds which helps to
increase the business performance efficiently.
8

P6 Discuss future management and leadership skills required in service sector
Leadership is required at all place as environment is changing day by day where it is
important to analyse market place and introduce new change which can help to complete the
work effectively. Future management skills is require to develop the organizational performance
and productivity. For instance, Elm Tree is small size hotel industry where in leader and
management have different leadership skills that can help to increase business performance and
productivity.
Situational leadership: This means choosing the right leadership style for right people
that can help to complete the project and managing good performance. The dependency of theory
on competence and maturity of followers. This is also known as future leadership skills which is
require to understand future task or situation that arises and getting the optimum solution. The
management of Elm Tree follow this theory as it understand situation and solve it properly which
can help to increase the business performance. Moreover, situational leader evaluates their team
or company by asking about current situation and accomplishing goals.
Contingency leadership: This is future leadership theory that supposes leader's
effectiveness is contingent and developing particular task effectively. As per this theory,
individual can be effective leader in one circumstances and manage the each functions. In
relation to Elm Tree, management follows contingency leadership theory where leaders suits a
particular situation and manage the workings. The employees who works in selected
organization managing future problems by using critical thinking skills that can help to develop
the organizational sustainability.
Future skills required by service sector
Technological skills: As environment is changing where people demands innovation and
new technology to introduce new products and services. In hospitality industry technological
skill is require to face the competition by providing new products and services to their potential
customers. This will help to attracts the large number of customers and increase the business
sustainability.
Effective communication skills: Without communication it became difficult to
understand task and manage all functions effectively. This might be challenging situation for
management to maintain effective communication as employees who works belongs to different
culture. In relation to Elm Tree, by developing communication skills employer and employee
9

feel good and share important information related to business that can help to grow the
organization and attain higher brand image.
ICT skills: This is also future required skills which demand by companies in their staff
who ready to work and performs specific task. This is important for individual to have ICT skills
and it provide new services in hospital industry and developing the good image in changing
environment. This can help to attain goals and objectives by completing task and managing each
function.
P7 Compare and contrast different service industry organization
In hospitality industry there are many hotels which offers range of products and services
to their customers. The management is responsible to provide better quality of services and
managing each functions effectively. The comparison between hospitality industry explained
below:
Basis Elm Tree Hotel Hilton
Services offer This is small size organization that
offers good quality of food and staying
services to customers. This mainly
organised for romantic couple who
wants to spend their precious time. It
follow food safety and security laws
that build customer's confidence.
This is large size hotel industry that
offers range of food products and
services to their customers. This
follows all safety rules and
regulations.
Change Operational change is require by
management that can help to face
competitive pressure and brings
quality improvement in delivering
products and services. This also helps
to bring change current technology,
existing work progress, and
distribution framework effectively.
Planned change is adopted by
management which can help to
improve objectives and dealing with
subsystem. The management of
selected hotel finds problems and
use strategies to solve them
effectively.
10

CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that change management is important aspects
for each industry as it use to analyse environment and complete task effectively. Laissez faire
style is used by management to manage each work and delegating work between staff that
complete goals.
11

REFERENCE
Books and Journal
Alonso-Almeida, M.D.M. and et.al., 2018. Sustainability in small tourist businesses: the link
between initiatives and performance. Current Issues in Tourism. 21(1). pp.1-20.
Amatulli, C., De Angelis, M. and Stoppani, A., 2020. The appeal of sustainability in luxury
hospitality: An investigation on the role of perceived integrity. Tourism Management.
83. p.104228.
Asadi, S. and et.al., 2020. Investigating influence of green innovation on sustainability
performance: A case on Malaysian hotel industry. Journal of cleaner production. 258.
p.120860.
Cerchione, R. and Bansal, H., 2020. Measuring the impact of sustainability policy and practices
in tourism and hospitality industry. Business Strategy and the Environment. 29(3).
pp.1109-1126.
Ferizi, V. and Kruja, A. D., 2018. Coastline hospitality industry performance, challenges, and
opportunities: evidence from Durres coastline. In Managing Sustainable Tourism
Resources (pp. 14-38). IGI Global.
Gerdt, S. O., Wagner, E. and Schewe, G., 2019. The relationship between sustainability and
customer satisfaction in hospitality: An explorative investigation using eWOM as a data
source. Tourism Management. 74. pp.155-172.
Goryushkina, N. and et.al., 2019. Theoretical Aspects of entrepreneurial Education for
hospitality Industry. Journal of Environmental Management & Tourism. 10(4 (36)).
pp.835-841.
Gutiérrez-Martínez, I. and Duhamel, F., 2019. Translating sustainability into competitive
advantage: the case of Mexico’s hospitality industry. Corporate Governance: The
International Journal of Business in Society.
Higgins-Desbiolles, F., Moskwa, E. and Wijesinghe, G., 2019. How sustainable is sustainable
hospitality research? A review of sustainable restaurant literature from 1991 to
2015. Current Issues in Tourism. 22(13). pp.1551-1580.
Horng, J. S. and et.al., 2018. Developing a sustainable service innovation framework for the
hospitality industry. International journal of contemporary hospitality management.
Kim, Y. H., Barber, N. and Kim, D. K., 2019. Sustainability research in the hotel industry: Past,
present, and future. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management. 28(5). pp.576-
620.
Martínez-Martínez, A. and et.al., 2019. Environmental knowledge strategy: driving success of
the hospitality industry. Management Research Review.
Martínez, P., Herrero, Á. and Gómez‐López, R., 2019. Corporate images and customer
behavioral intentions in an environmentally certified context: Promoting environmental
sustainability in the hospitality industry. Corporate Social Responsibility and
Environmental Management. 26(6). pp.1382-1391.
Njoroge, M. and et.al., 2020. Entrepreneurial orientation in the hospitality industry: evidence
from Tanzania. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies.
Phi, G. T. and Waldesten, T., 2021. Educating sustainability through hackathons in the
hospitality industry: a case study of Scandic hotels. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality
and Tourism, pp.1-17.
12

Zizka, L., 2018. Hospitality students’ perceptions of ethics, corporate social responsibility, and
sustainability (No. ARTICLE).
Online
Soft and Hard skills required in Hospital industry. 2021. [Online]. Available through:
<https://kenvale.edu.au/news-events/news/hospitality-management/what-are-the-soft-
and-hard-skills-needed-for-a-hospitality-management-career/>
13