Impact of Teamwork Effectiveness on Employee Motivation in Enrichment Centre at Malaysia

Impact of Teamwork Effectiveness on Employee
Motivation in Enrichment Centre at Malaysia

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1Table of Contents
1. Introduction 4
1.1 Research Gap 10
1.2 Research Rationale 12
1.3 Significance of Research 15
1.4 Research Aims 16
1.5 Research Objective 16
1.6 Research Questions 16
2. Literature Review 17
2.1 Definition of Key Concepts 17
2.1.1 Teamwork 17
2.1.2 Motivation 18
2.1.3 Leadership 19
2.1.4 Communication 20
2.1.5 Team Trust 21
2.1.6 Rewards and Recognition 22
2.2 Critical Review of Teamwork theories and models 23
2.2.1 Tuckman Theory 23
2.2.2 Belbin’s Model 24

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22.2.3 T7 Model 25
2.2.4 GRPI Model 27
2.2.5 Heckman Model 28
2.2.6 The Lafasto and Larson Model 29
2.3 Empirical studies 30
2.3.1 Empirical studies in Malaysia 30
2.3.2 Empirical studies Global 33
2.4 Conceptual Framework 35
2.4.1 Leadership & Employee Motivation 36
2.4.2 Communication & Employee Motivation 37
2.4.3 Team Trust & Employee Motivation 38
2.4.4 Recognition and Reward & Employee Motivation 39
3. Research Methodology 40
3.1 Research Paradigm 40
3.3 Research Strategy 43
3.4 Data Collection Method 44
3.5 Research Instrument 46
3.6 Total Population 49
3.7 Sample Size and Sampling Method 50
3.8 Ethical Issues and Accessibility 51

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3Abstract 52
Chapter 4: Data Analysis 52
4.1 Demographic Analysis 53
4.2 Normality test 55
4.3 Reliability test 57
4.4 Descriptive statistics 58
4.5 Correlation Analysis 59
4.5.1 (i)Leadership(ii)Communication(iii)Team Trust(iv)Reward and Recognition & Employee
Motivation 61
4.6 Regression Analysis 62
4.6.1(i)Leadership(ii)Communication(iii)Team Trust(iv)Reward and Recognition & Employee
Motivation 62
4.6.2 Discussion on Hypothesis Findings: 64
5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation 67
5.1 conclusion 67
5.2 Recommendation 70
5.3 Limitation 70
5.4 Future research direction 71
Reference List 73

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4
1. Introduction
The main purpose of the study is to cover various discussions related to impact of Teamwork
Effectiveness on Employee Motivation in Enrichment Centre in the context of Malaysia. By
Enrichment Centre, we mean a certain kind of private space where employee is offered with
different kind of training and motivation facilities. As per Warrick (2016), this is done in order
to make them more competitive and make them ready for doing different kind of work. This is
also done so that if any kind of job were given to them, they would be able to do the same.
Further, Korner et al. (2016) also suggested that providing with different and new kind of jobs
shall make them more competitive and creative and help in avoiding the same kind of repetitive
work for them every day. It can be said that the working of employees in teams helps to motivate
the employees a lot. As opined by Ghaferi and Dimick (2016), it can be said that if one of the
employees feels uninterested or demotivated, he/she feels the urge to work by looking at his
teammates. The collective team spirit helps in again by motivating him and bringing in the urge
inside him to work hard and perform better. Teamwork can be said to be highly effective in
ensuring and instilling proper kind of motivation among the minds and the hearts of the
employee of an organization (Hu and Liden, 2015). In the enrichment centers, when the
employees are given with different kind of new work to do (in order to avoid the repetitive
work), individual employees learn working on matter by looking at their more efficient and
knowledgeable colleagues and in this way, effective kind of motivation can be brought into their
minds (Cha et al. 2015).
There is many importance of teamwork for the organization as well as the team. Woodcock
(2017) opined that the team can achieve the common goals they need to meet and, in this way,
they can work in a collective way. Building up a team and working in this collective spirit instills
brotherhood and harmony between the team members or the employees of the organization. As
explained by McEwan et al. (2017), the good performers among them (in the team's) act as
leaders and they help in instilling the same kind of positive spirit among the others also. They
also help the others by motivating them and helping them out in their work. Hartgerinket al.

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5(2014) suggested that the team can easily do a bulk of job easily with the participants of all the
members of the team, the work is divided among the team members, and each of the tasks are
divided among them and done efficiently. The job load on each member or employee becomes
less and all of the members in a single teamwork in unison in order achieve any kind of goal or
motive (Hanaysha, 2016). This helps them in achieving the goals and the targets they have to
meet. The teamwork also effectively helps in the growth and development of the organization as
a whole. It can be said that when the team is benefitted as a whole from the united functioning of
a team, the difference of team working in the same organization gets somewhat benefitted in
equal respect. As per Nieboer (2014), the overall contribution of the each of the different team
towards the whole of the organization can be thus said to be immense. As stated by Tjosvold
and Tjosvold (2015), the well performance made by the teams helps in raising the overall
productivity of the organization. This leads to an increase for profits that are being earned by the
concerned business organization. Thus, it can be said that in different of the manners, the
presence of team and the employees working in a team benefits the team as well as the
organization as a whole it also benefits and helps in the overall motivation and work enrichment
of the different employee functioning and working in the different business organization in
Malaysia.
As per the words of Katzenbach and Smith (2015), teamwork can be said to be an essential part
of the smooth working of any kind of business organization. The same is seen in Malaysia.
Teams are employed and made use of in different of the sectors of tasks that are carried out in
different of the business organization and different industries in the country. as per Nemiro
(2016) teams are made up in the various department of an organization such as Sales, Marketing,
Management, Operational, Technical, Administrative, Accounting etc. At the Enrichment
Centre, teamwork has been an essential part for the carrying out of different kind of activities.
Mainly each of the teams comprised of 10 members and each of the team have a manager. as
opined by Flaherty (2015), the most efficient team members are regarded as the leader of the
team and the person helps the manager to take good care of the team. as per the lines of Luthans
et al. (2015), the leader plays role in guiding and motivating them. He also ensures to instill team
and united spirit among all of them. The workers work in an unseen basis and this helps them

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6achieving all of the task and the goals that are being given to them. In the organization, it can be
seen that the teamwork and presence of working in a team acts as the biggest machinery fort
creating a spirit and air of motivation among all of the employees working in different of the
teams (Carter et al. 2015). It has to be understood that without the working of a proper and
effective kind of team, the air and essence of motivation cannot be instilled among the mind of
the employees. As per Gu et al.(2018) motivation also comes from a positive kind of working
environment and area. It has to be known that the Enrichment Centre in Malaysia takes many
steps in order to maintain a positive and good working and functioning environment. There is
presence of understanding, harmony and cultural diversity among the staffs and the workforces.
Fay et al. (2015) says that the leaders and the managers play a joint kind of role in maintaining
good and friendly relationship between all of the employees. Further, Magnusson et al. (2014)
also suggests that presence of healthy kind of competition is also maintained in the workplace.
the healthy kind of competition present there also plays a great role in motivating all of the
employees and bringing them together in a united manner in order to make an overall and united
contribution of the staffs that are being put onto by all of them.
As per the lines of Northouse (2018) the primary research and theorization of teamwork
occurred in the 1950s under the course of psychology experts and scholars inspecting how
people identify with themselves as well as other people. This examining took a glance at how
activities impacts group collaborations and how the decisions made by the members in a team
helps in grasping the abilities and aptitudes of different individuals in taking care of an issue at
work. Extra investigations found out the ways that the changes and adjustments take place in the
working groups after some time and how groups coordinate innovation in finishing assignments.
As per the statement provided by Hepworth et al. (2016), the most profound work on this topic
started taking occurring after World War II and concentrated on finding the purposes behind the
disappointment and the unsuccessful among different people of the military groups.
There are countless of the different teamwork theories that have been used by several of the
organization in different places of Malaysia. The main theorists have been the people such as
Bruce Tuckman. His theory is named as Theory of Stages. As per Burke (2017) there are mainly
four stages such as forming, and storming, and norming and at the end, performing in the same.

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7This theory lays down the fundamentals for proper building up of teams. As per Forsyth (2018)
by making the application of this theory, many of the organization could systematically make
effective and efficient teams, which led to huge contributions for the organizations. The next
theory is about Belbin's Theory of team roles. Senaratne and Gunawardane (2015) played a
great role in understanding of the theory by Belbin and defining the different of the job roles and
framing them with the coexistence and performance of the different roles or posts to be held in a
team. The roles are of Resource investigator, Coordinator, Shaper, Monitoring and evaluation
expert, Team Worker, Implementer, Completer-Finisher, and the most important, that is the
Specialist. If this theory is properly used and as per this theory, team roles are assigned and
allocated, then the team in the specified organization can perform in a better manner. Instances
of such have been seen in the country of Malaysia. Again, another big theory is there which
helps in the better performance and understanding of a team based structure and working. As per
the details laid down by Tananchai (2017), the theory had been designed by Isabel Briggs-
Myers and is commonly known as the MBTI Theory. The theory describes about the various
kind of ways and means by which different people perceive the world in a different manner. It
can be said that this theory helps in the overall operation of teams by undertaking a personality
test. This element helps the people of a team in better understanding others. Organization makes
use of this theory to ensure the accurate and effective performance of the teams. The next
important teamwork model and theory is the John Adair’s Leadership Theory. as per Storey
(2016), it helps in better understanding the need and essentials of leadership in team. It also helps
in showing the ways by which a good leader can be created and made working inside the
structure of a team. In order to ensure effective working of team, the team must have a good
leader who shall help the members to work in a united spirit. The leader shall also help in
constantly motivating them and keeping them united as a working team. Thus, the role of leader
in the team is huge. Thus, the overall importance of this theory can be said to be huge. The next
effective team based theory can be related to Color theory formed by Carl Jung. As per the
statement put forward by Gale (2015) this theory defines that color has an important role to play
in defining the social kind of human behavior or trait. The particular kind of behaviors of the
team members can be associated with a color and can be studied. Thus, this theory helps in better
understanding of different people. Teams also perform based on identity of the people. As per
Jenkins (2014) the working of a team can be said to be much healthier and smoother if