Impact of Training on Employee Performance: A Case Study of Asda

This case study analyses the impact of training on employee performance in Asda. It covers the significance of the problem, organisational background, research questions, and objectives. The literature review discusses the impact of training on employee performance and productivity.

To Analyse the impact of
Training the on the employee
Performance. A case Study on
Asda.
Table of Contents

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................3
Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................7
What is the impact of training on employee’s performance in the organisation?............7
What are the factors related to training the employees and their level of performances? 8
Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY............................................................................16
Introduction ....................................................................................................................16
Research Philosophy.......................................................................................................16
Research Approach.........................................................................................................17
Research method.............................................................................................................18
Research Strategy............................................................................................................18
DISSCUSSION........................................................................................................................21
Introduction ....................................................................................................................21
Conclusion .....................................................................................................................24
Secondary data.........................................................................................................................25
Sources of data................................................................................................................25
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.......................................................................26
References................................................................................................................................30

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
1. Background to the Research
Human resources are considered to be main part of the company as they are the future
of the organisation (Belias, Vasiliadis, and Mantas, 2020). That is why, companies are
majorly focusing on the aspect of training the employees so that their performance can be
elevated with the aim to attain success. As the technology, environment, competition and the
market trends are keep changing so, special attention to human resources in order to achieve
organisational goals and purposes. The company will be able to capture the market when they
have best human capital with skills, knowledge and mindset. And in the global market, the
main source of the competitive advantage is to have talented workforce at the workplace.
Effective training programmes are required to improve employees’ skills and abilities in
order for them to accomplish well on the job (Boerlijst, 2020). Due to which organizations
provide training to their employees so that they can do their jobs efficiently. As the workforce
has acquired skills that allow them to manage with the uncertain circumstances they may
encounter and deal with. As a result of the increased motivation and dedication, future
employee performance will improve. Because human resources are the company's most
precious asset, staff training is one of the most important characteristics. It allows employees
to carry out business operations and functions in an effective and efficient manner. Staff
training refers to an employee's level of energy and passion to their job, which helps them to
operate in a more creative and original way. Staff motivation is critical in the retail industry
since the type of work that employees do their demands more motivation because it is a time-
consuming and patient profession (Getaruelas,, 2019). Also, the need for employee’s training
and motivation is the achievement of the organization's vision and objectives within the time
limit. A motivated workforce also helps the retailer fulfil its goals on time and create new
ones, allowing them to significantly improve their overall performance.
2. Organisational Background
The chosen company for the research is ASDA which is a supermarket chain situated in the
United Kingdom which sells the wider selection of its own branded products as well as other
well-known brands of food and non-food items (Glazer, Mahoney and Ranall, 2018). And the
company was founded in the year of 1949 and is headquartered in Leeds, West Yorkshire. It
had expanded its operations globally for instance throughout England, acquiring various
Supermarkets, Allied Carpets, and other businesses too in order to expand their business. It is
a retailing supermarket network with the aim pf providing the best quality product to the

customers. As it known to invest a lot in the marketing strategies in order to keep the
customers happy with its services and also the current global situation is pushing for
digitalization too. Along with it, it has wide range of products and it is well-known for its
outstanding marketing strategies that highpoint services and client satisfaction. It can be seen
that it also maintains frequent contact with its clients over social media that is asks feedback,
holds competitions, and many others (Holmes and Oldham, 2019).
3. Significance of the Problem
The way training and development is handled, as well as employee interactions, has a major
impact on meeting commercial objectives and establishing a competitive advantage through a
flexible staff. The term training is an essential tool which is required mainly for the company
so that employees can get the chance to improve themselves so that they can contribute more
to the company. As a well-trained employee will automatically become more productive and
efficient (Park, Kang and Kim, 2018). Employees must be excited and motivated by
emphasising the importance of their responsibilities and giving them with all of the
information they need to complete them. Employee training has a numeral of benefits,
counting greater job satisfaction and morale, increased motivation, and improved process
competences, all of which pay to increased production. The significance of the research is the
introduction of the topic in order to study the effect of training on employee performance in
the chosen company. Employees are one of a company's most significant assets since they
have the authority to undertake various operations (Savić-Šikoparija, Duđak and Bojanić,
2022). They work continually and diligently to ensure that allocated work is performed and
that the organisation meets its targets and goals. As a result, retail organisations create several
employee bonuses in order to keep employees motivated at work. The term "employee
benefits" refers to the compensation provided to current employees in the form of indirect
pay. Health insurance, incentives, bonuses, sponsored vacations, and a variety of other
benefits are examples of these advantages (Sadick and Kamardeen, 2020).
4. Statement of Purpose
The current research is relevant since it emphasises the necessity of training of the employees
in retail organisations in order to keep their staff motivated and engaged. It also emphasises
the challenges that firms may face in the absence of employee benefits in the workplace.
Adoption of various competitive employee benefits is linked to a positive influence on
business operations and functions (Bozorova and Ubaydullaeva, 2019). As a result, the
researcher will analyse employee benefits at Asda for this study. ASDA is a supermarket
company based in the United Kingdom that sells a large range of its own-brand products as

well as other well-known food and non-food brands. This company employs a large number
of employees and offers them good benefits to keep them happy and productive in the
company. In addition to this, it will be helpful for the policy makers and the researchers in the
process of formulating the training programmes for the employees. It would also help the
Asda in its efforts to train and develop its staff. Overall, the outcome would be a way for
understanding the human resources required for competitive performance in organisation.
Employees training and motivation's major purpose is to boost the company's productivity.
When people are motivated, an organization's output and revenue can both grow. Employee
motivation, in compared to competitors, allows them to acquire a diverse range of new
customers and provide the best possible service to them (Allaoui, Ouddane and Tidjani,
2019).
5. Statement of the Problem
In any company, employees are the main element in relation to the success and failure of the
company. As a result, companies are focusing on it by spending a lot of money and
employees receive training so that the level of their performance can be enhanced. The main
significant challenge that retails businesses have when it comes to train the employees is a
lack of training programmes and awareness of their employees' expectations and desires. As a
result, employees are dissatisfied with the advantages that are offered to them (Gao, Gonzalez
and Yiu, 2019). Hence, a retail company should conduct collect feedback that includes all
employees in order to identify their expectations so that the training programmes can be
conducted. Moreover, the topic that is training and development is a vast area in the research
and the ultimate objective is to enhance the abilities and qualities of the employees. As they
play an essential role in the accomplishment of the goals and all the company has agreed to
the fact that employees are vital resource for the overall development of the company. Also,
it will bring better opportunities for the company and the employees if they implement the
new changes and the learning s from the training programmes. And the main reason for
choosing this topic is to evaluate the relationship between the employee’s performance and
the training. It also expected that from the research will highlight the ways in which the
employee’s performance can be improved not only to the company’s but also to the career
growth of the employees. Also, another issue that the managers face is adequately presenting
the employee rewards as a motivating tool to their staff. Some employees are so rigid that
they refuse to engage and take part in the training programs which causes issues for the
company.
6. Aim and Objectives

Aim
To Analyse the impact of training on the employee performance. A case study of Asda
Objectives
 To determine the impact of training on employee’s performance in the organisation
 To identify the factors related to training the employees and their level of
performances
 To identify the problems that Asda’s managers experience when training various
types of employees.
 To assess the need for employee’s training in the retail industry.
7. Research Questions
 What is the impact of training on employee’s performance in the organisation?
 What are the factors related to training the employees and their level of
performances?
 Explain the problems that Asda's managers have when training different types of
staff?
 What is the importance to train the employees mainly in the retail industry?
8. Dissertation structure
Chapter one will cover the introduction part related to the chosen topic that is the impact of
training on the employee performance. It will also outline the different heads such as
background to the research, organisational background, significance of the problem,
statement of purpose with the statement of the problem. After that chapter two that is
literature review will present the second phase of the research project, and it helps the
researcher learn more about the issue so that they can do the inquiry properly. In addition to
this, chapter three that is research methodology which is an important chapter in the
dissertation since it allows the researcher to identify and analyse the correct and precise
information for their investigation. Then chapter four that is Data Analysis and Findings will
present the finding of the information and in the end that is chapter five is conclusions and
recommendations for the further improvement.

Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
It forms out an important and vital section of a research project that facilitates and
provide the systematic analysis and evaluation of pre-existing set of data. Further, a literature
review is a comprehensive summary of previous research on a topic. The literature review
surveys scholarly articles, books, and other sources relevant to a particular area of research.
The review should enumerate, describe, summarize, objectively evaluate and clarify the
previous research that tend to set out and lead a base for effectively conducting and
undertaking further investigation. The current literature review is based on the topic of impact
of training on employee performance for which a range of article and journals are being
analysis a discussion of which is provided as below:
What is the impact of training on employee’s performance in the organisation?
According to the perspective of Kalyanamitra, Saengchai and Jermsittiparsert (2020),
training plays a vital role in increasing the performance and efficiency of employees.
Training creates a positive impact on the employee performance and productivity by
influencing their motivation level. In order to gain success in market, training and
development plays an important role (Lee and Yoo, 2019). Through training and
development, the skills and knowledge of employees get enhanced due to which they
contribute more productive outcomes in accomplishing the business goals and objectives. It
helps in increasing the engagement level of employees which leads to improve in business
performance and growth (Grabiec, 2021). Employee development is essential within
workplace as it is the continuous effort to strengthen work performance through using
different approaches including training session, coaching and leadership mentoring (Tonini
and et. al., 2021). Employee training and development programs helps in enhancing the
performance of staff. Company also focuses on offering online training opportunities to
remote working employees so that they can grab the opportunity and gain knowledge. Thus,
company provide training and development opportunity to their staff in order to make them
well trained due to which the profit and productivity of business increases. When
organisation invest in employee training, it helps in improving worker retention rates,
creativity for new product ideas and makes customer feel satisfied. Effective training helps in
saving money and reducing the time spent on problem solving by producing better workforce
(Chen, Lee and Wang, 2020). Through training and development program, organisation can
measure the performance results, give pre and post training assessments, mine data and also
conduct poll and test. Training and development program helps staff to mange their task in

effective and efficient manner by understanding the process and clearly defining the goals. In
order to perform the job, it is important for employees to have required skills so that they can
perform the task within less time period (Gardiner, 2020). Company provide training and
development opportunity in order to educate them and improve their knowledge so that they
can give better outcomes in making target achievable. It is necessary to improve the skills of
staff and make them updated on existing skills so that their productivity get enhanced.
Training and development opportunity also provide an opportunity to employees to learn
more about the new technologies and process implemented within an organisation (Maity,
2019). In order to gain competitive edge in market, company generally focuses on installing
new technologies so that the performance and productivity of business increases. While
implementing new technology, company focuses on organising training and development
program for their employees so that they can learn how to use the technology and also gain
detailed knowledge about the benefits of technology. Training and development program also
helps in improving employee performance by instilling their confidence. It helps in boosting
the confidence level of staff due to which they can contribute their better performance and
also work effectively and efficiently (Adle and Akdemir, 2019). The confidence helps in
fostering the sense of accountability and enthusiasm for work results. Training and
development enhances the engagement level of employees so that they can support in
enhancing the success rate of organisation. It also helps in reducing the turnover rate of
employees as they avail an opportunity to enhance their skills, abilities, capabilities and
knowledge due to which they can perform better and give better output (Newman and Ford,
2021). Thus, training and development helps in attracting top talent, establishes workplace
where employees praises others and also boost the motivation level of employees.
What are the factors related to training the employees and their level of performances?
According to the opinion of Soares and et. al., (2018), there are various factors which
are related to training the employees and boost their level of performance. These factors helps
in enhancing the growth and efficiency of business by encouraging staff to perform better and
give their best output. The factors which are related to training the employees and their level
of performance are as follows:
Positive learning environment:
Positive learning environment is one of the important factor which must be considered
by the organisation while providing training and enhancing the performance of employees. It
is necessary for company to create positive learning environment for their staff so that they

can avail the knowledge and also learn something new (Kanapathipillai and Azam, 2020).
Positive learning environment helps in improving the efficiency and performance of
employees due to which they can perform more productive. It helps in improving attention,
support emotionally, reduce anxiety and also motivate the employees (Sahakiants and
Dorner, 2021). In order to create positive learning environment, employee must focus on
building positive relations, promote discussion and also stay connected with employees.
Motivation and morale:
Motivation and morale is considered as another factor which is required within an
organisation while providing training and development opportunity to employees. It is
essential for company to boost the motivation and morale level of employees so that they can
contribute better in business activities. Through increasing the motivation level of employees,
company can reduce absenteeism, retain staff, improve worker performance and also provide
better services to its customer (Palmas and Klinker, 2020). Thus, is important to boost the
motivation level of employees as it helps in enhancing the reputation and brand image of
company.
Skilled and effective training program manager:
Skilled and effective training program is another factors which is required by an
organisation for providing training and enhancing the performance of employees. Company
must focus on hiring highly skilled training provider so that they can enhance the knowledge
and skills of employees and encourage them to give their best performance (Pfaltzgraf and
Insch, 2021). The manager must have enough knowledge related to the training topic so that
they can handle the queries and doubts of the employees (Amoako, 2020). The training
program must be linked with the need and expectation of staff as it helps in encouraging them
to participate in training activities and learn new things during session. Thus, skilled and
effective training program manager helps in improving the performance and growth of
business by enhancing the skills and knowledge of staff.
Problems that Asda's managers have when training different types of staff
According to the viewpoint of Slavković and Slavković, (2019) training plays
important role for any organization irrespective of its size and scope, as it not only helps in
enhancing skills and knowledge level of employees but also aid organisations to conduct its
roles and responsibilities with talented and skilled workers in today’s time. Organization in
any sector needs to offer training in order to enhance productivity and efficiency of
employees. This will significantly help in enhancing their quantity and quality of
performance level (Sevastyanov, Shadrin and Dolinina, 2022). Asda is performing its roles

and responsibility as a leading organization which offers wide range of products and services
to customers worldwide. This makes organization to understand the importance of training in
order to enhance employees performance and productivity (CHERUKUR and PRIYA K,
2020). It has been analysed at Asda offer its services on different countries around the globe.
Being a large scale organization it is important for company to embrace diversity and
equality. Furthermore, it has been evaluated that Asda employees are from different nations,
culture and backgrounds conduct their responsibility. In this it has been underlined that
manager of the respective company face problems in training different type of staff, some of
these problems are being evaluated below:
Workforce resistance
Resistance to change is defined as an act of struggling or opposing with transformation and
modification. In an organizational workplace structure most of the employees resist to new
changes which outlines lack of trust and communication. It has been analysed that the major
problem that has managers have face in training different type of staff is associated to
resistance of workers which is affecting training process. This is not only affecting the ability
and execution training but also helps in developing various issue which affects the overall
results (Pistoia, 2022). Furthermore it has been analysed that in order to introduce a new
software, tool policy or method managers of Asda face this challenge in which in order to
provide training to employees to enhance their skill and current level of knowledge. When
company implement new software some of the workers resists to change. This needs to be
effectively tackle in a quick and flexible manner. In this manager of needs to emphasise on
making employees aware of the benefits of change for themselves (Adamik, 2019). Along
with this by taking assistance of proper change management plan with effective
communication this resistance can be overcome in a well-defined and effective manner. With
the help of this managers of Asda can overcome the problem of workforce resistance when
training different type of staff.
Lack of employee engagement
This is among one of the major issue that has been faced by managers of ASDA. It
has been analysed that when providing training to different type of staff Asda managers face
the challenge associated to lack of employee engagement. It has been analysed that employee
engagement plays important role which helps in assuring positive end outcomes. Lack of
employee engagement not only affect the overall objective but it also creates negativity
among other members (Jain, Sharma and Shrivastava, 2021). It is important for company
managers to empower each and every employee with the help of taking use of tool in order to

enhance their motivation as well as confidence. With the help of embracing trust loyalty and
building engagement and taking advantage of personalised content or training material
managers can overcome this problem in well-defined and effective manner.
Poor feedback and support system
In order to successfully conduct business roles and responsibilities it is essential for
organization to have an efficient support system as well as feedback cycle. This will not only
help in generating trust loyalty but also helps in building confidence and motivation of
workers (Patro, 2021). It has been analysed that in context with Asda managers face problem
when training different type of staff, as they have poor feedback and support system. This
affects the communication ability and create challenges in front of managers to communicate
the main vision and objectives of training (MERHEBI, 2022). It has been analysed that
employee support is a continuous process in which managers need to look after employee
feedback regularly as well as thoroughly. It has been analysed that its employee feels that
their voices are heard it tend to increase their engagement satisfaction and motivation towards
their roles and responsibility. This will also help managers assist employees in effective
manner by resolving their queries properly. This is the major challenge that has been facing
by Asda managers when training different type of staff. In this to enhance efficiency of
training to various forms of staff managers need to have a strong feedback and support
system that will help in accomplishing overall outcomes.
Ineffective training methods
In today’s time period technology are changing on continuous manner which needs to be
implemented especially by large scale organization like Asda. It has been analysed the
respective company is facing intense competitive rivalry from various organizations around
the world, those who undertake digital tools and techniques to enhance employees knowledge
and skills. It has been analysed that in context with Asda managers face problems when
training different type of staff in terms of effective training methods (Manresa, Bikfalvi and
Simon, 2019). In addition to this it has been analysed that when rolling out a new training
program it is essential to take use of new and advanced technology in order to assure overall
success. With the help of taking advantage of modern methods Asda can overcome the
challenge and situation and can enhance satisfaction of employees. It has been analysed that
due to Covid-19 company needs to emphasise on technology in order to provide training to
employees those who are working remotely. In this with the help of innovating training
strategy, taking advantage of digitalised training methods organization can encourage
employees and can further provide training to different type of staff.

Team conflicts
Conflicts not only create challenges but also affects the overall objective which needs to be
fulfilled. It has been analysed that manager of Asda face the problem associated with team
conflicts when they offer training to various staff. It is important for managers to overcome
team conflicts as well as promote teamwork (Susomrith, Coetzer and Ampofo, 2019). It has
been analysed that resolving team conflicts need managers to address interpersonal
challenges in which they need to have better team conflict solutions strategy to provide
training to various staff.
From the above analysis it has been evaluated that there are number problems such as
workforce resistance, in-effective training methods, week feedback and support system, lack
of employee engagement team conflicts etc. that as the managers have been facing during
training various types of staff (Patma, Wijajani and Maskan, 2020). This creates problem and
challenges, in order to provide best inappropriate training to staff members which is affecting
their performance and productivity. In this it is important for managers to determine the cause
of these challenges and further implement various strategies such as new and advanced
technology to enhance satisfaction and flexibility to workers. This will help in assuring
providing training to different staff in a successful manner.
Importance to train the employees mainly in the retail industry
According to the viewpoint of Abraham and Chengalur-Smith, (2019) importance of training
could not be understated. Training helps in providing opportunities to not only employees to
enhance their existing level of skill and knowledge but also allow them to boost their
organizational performance. In addition to this it has been analyse that training plays
important role which helps employees to become more efficient as well as effective while
enhancing their job performance (AlMulhim, 2020). This will significantly lead towards
increasing their overall job satisfaction which helps in reducing employee turnover. It has
been analysed that training provides an important and efficient importance to employees to
enhance their quality of work and boost their confidence introduce time (Kim, 2020). There
are frequent changes in business environment which needs to be implemented by
organization in order to overcome competition and increase satisfaction of customers. This
makes continuous training an important inefficient need for company. ASDA is performing
its roles and responsibilities in the retail industrial sector where there is high competition
among organization this needs training as an important continuous process within
organization to enhance capability skills and knowledge of employees in order to embrace
changes and enhance quality of productivity and performance. Training is crucial for

organization success and development, as with the help of this organization can measure
significant benefit in terms of increase in morale of employees, fewer errors, increase in
productivity an improvement in skills and knowledge of employees. Mentioned below there
are some importance to train the employees especially in the retail industry.
Improved skills:
Retail industry is among one of the highly competitive sector in which number of
organisations are conducting their roles and responsibilities in order to satisfy customers
needs and demands (van Wyk, 2021). It has been analysed that there are different types of
factors prevailing in retail industry which needs to be implemented by organizations such as
continuous changes in consumer needs, high tech technology which requires organization to
provide training to employees (Taher, 2022). Training is important mainly in retail industry
as it helps in improving skill and knowledge of employees with the help of various employee
training program. Employees are having opportunity to enhance their skills and knowledge
which develop them in personal and professional manner with the help of these employees
can see positive results in their productivity and performance. In addition to this it has been
analysed that training also helps in increasing productivity and performance of employees
along with improvement in their skills (Sharma, Verma and Paul, 2022). Furthermore it has
been underlined that training also play important role in strengthening employees capability
and make them competitive and strong.
Increased productivity and performance :
Training is also important as it helps in enhancing in productivity and performance
with the help of training to employees organisations in retail industry such increase and
maximise overall productivity and performance rate of workers. Furthermore, has been
analysed that training is process which helps in dramatically improving performance and
productivity while enhancing employees current level of skill (Meechan, McCann and
Cooper, 2022). This helps employees to enhance their overall performance level and allow
them to hand their ability to conduct a particular job in highly efficient face.
Lower employee turnover:
Retail industry is competitive in which various companies are conducting their roles and
responsibility with the help of advanced technology in order to satisfy customers needs and
demands. It has been analysed that due to increase in competition organization undertake use
of various attraction schemes to attract highly skilled and talented employees. It increases
high employee turnover in order to overcome (Singh and Rathi, 2020). In this training plays
important role as it significantly helps in enhancing employee satisfaction level, it also helps

in providing opportunity to maximise their professional growth which allow them to retain
within organization for longer period of time.
Higher job satisfaction:
In order to retain employees for long time period in organization it is essential for
company to emphasise on providing them job satisfaction. Training plays crucial role in
making improvement in employees job satisfaction great which also helps them to have clear
understanding of their roles in opportunity (Chams and García-Blandón, 2019). It is essential
for organization in retail sector to increase employees job satisfaction rate as it helps them to
retain within company for longer period of time. It also enhances their overall skill level
which provide them various growth opportunities in organization and maximise their overall
growth rate in and well defined an effective manner.
Positive organisational culture:
Organization culture plays important role in enhancing satisfaction performance and
productivity level of employees. With having a good and positive organizational culture
organisations in the retail industry cannot only satisfy customers effectively but can also
retain employees for long time period (Collins and Wisz, 2020). It also helps in building a
positive brand image of company in market segment. Training plays important role in
building a highly competitive efficient and positive organizational culture which helps
company to enhance their overall performance rate (Mwawasi, 2022). Furthermore, it has
been analysed that training also helps in building a positive company culture which helps in
shaping ability to employees behaviour. Training plays important role as it allow leaders and
managers to provide support and guidance to employees which helps in creating and inviting
an inclusive environment for all.
Increased productivity:
This is among one of the most efficient importance of training to employees in retail
industry in order to enhance overall productivity and performance. It is essential for
organizations to emphasise on implementing modern traditional training methods in order to
enhance overall productivity (Tohani and Lestari, 2022). In this modern business
environment training is crucial as it not only helps in enhancing skills and efficiency of
workers, but also help them to conduct their overall performance and productivity rate and
greater extent. This will significantly help in maximising overall efficiency and former
workers in sector also benefit to maximise their profitability in an effective manner.
Thus according to the abovementioned analysis it has been determined from the viewpoint of
various authors, journal, articles websites that in order to sustain in this modern business

environment. It is essential for organization to emphasise on implementing different type of
training methods and tools this will not only helps in enhancing employees performance at a
greater extent but also benefit organization to secure long term positioning in business
environment (Moono, 2019). With the help of taking advantage of training organization can
generate success in the market segment and can maximise overall productivity and
performance of workers. Various authors also suggested that it is essential for organization
Intel industry to emphasise on the factors associated to training of the employees in their
level of performance such as positive learning environment, motivation and morale and
skilled and efficient training program manager (Unsworth, Russell and Bretter, 2021). With
the help of this they can overcome problems as such as workforce resistance, lack of
employee engagement and in effective training methods efficiently. Along with this it is also
necessary to undertake use of traditional and virtual training methods in order to embrace
types of training to staff in order to enhance overall competitive rivalry. It is essential for
Asda to implement different types of training tool and encourage employees engagement with
the help of providing them the benefit of training. This will significantly allow organization
to maximise overall performance of employees at a greater extent that further benefit
company to develop a positive image in market and assure long term competitive growth.
Thus it has been analysed that with the help of taking various types of training methods and
emphasising on the importance of training organization can successfully assure long term
sustainability and profitability (Bozorova and Ubaydullaeva, 2019). In this business
environment training plays a crucial tool that will help in building positive workplace culture
which benefits organization to retain skilled and talented workers for longer period of time
that will automatically maximise company growth in the market segment. This will also
benefit organisations such as Asda to enhance their competitive edge in market segment and
assure maximum satisfaction level of customers (Jeebpinyo, 2020). Thus, it has been stated
that to generate higher competitive edge, increase in profitability, maximise revenue enhance
satisfaction of workers and build their knowledge and skill level at greater extent
organization in the retail industry needs to emphasise on implementing training methods and
techniques to generate higher competitive growth satisfaction level of customers and greater
profitability.

Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
Research methodology is termed as a particular form of procedure or technique that is
being utilised to evaluate, select and undertake use of appropriate data and information
related to the topic. It has been analysed that research methodology is one of the most
efficient an important part of the research project as it benefit investigator to properly
undertake use of appropriate and reliable methods to accomplish research which enhances its
reliability and variability (Kumar, 2018). Furthermore it has been analysed that this is an
crucial aspect of research as it provide research legitimacy as well as further provide
scientific sound findings. Along with this it has been underlined that with the help of this
aspects investigator can have a detailed plan and can further assure accomplishment of
research with having a proper track on overall research prospects. With the help of this
investigator can undertake smooth and efficient form of research activities which is
manageable. Along with this it has been underlined that it is essential for researcher to make
focus on taking use of efficient and appropriate source of research techniques and methods.
This will help to accomplish overall research in effective manner. In context with present
research in researcher has taken use of research onion in which different type of stages that
allow investigator to fulfil overall research objectives.
Research Philosophy
It has been underline that research philosophy is termed as a belief about the way in which
data related to the phenomena is needed to be duly analysed, evaluated as well as used.
Furthermore, it has been underlined that it is an essential aspect of overall research which
further benefit researcher to undertake assumptions and further conduct research procedure.
Along with this it has been evaluated that there are different types of research philosophy
such as positivism, interpretivism, pragmatism and realism with the help of which
investigators can fulfil overall objectives and aims in efficient manner.
 Positivism- It tend to be a systematic as well as the practical set of investigation
which is is relying on highly structured methodology to gather the data and
information and is use in quantitative nature of research.
 Interpretivisim- The interpretevism research philosophy is related to data collection
with small samples and is used in the qualitative nature of study.

 Pragmatism- The pragmatism philosophy of research is based on collection of mixed
data (i.e., both primary and secondary) and can also be used in qualitative and
quantitative method
Justification for choice: Furthermore it has been underlined that in terms with present
research researcher has duly focus upon taking use of interpretivism research philosophy
(Battisti, Nirino and Diaz, 2019). The primary objective behind taking use of this method is
to take advantage of qualitative analysis of information that helps in showing recent trends
and patterns. With the help of this, the investigator will gain detailed information about the
topic and this results in attaining the research aim and objectives on the selected topic in an
effective manner.
Research Approach
The research approach is mainly termed as a formative plan as well as procedure
which is mainly inclusive of different type of steps associated to broad assumptions with
detail method of data collection. Furthermore it has been evaluated that research approach
plays important role as it benefits researcher to accumulate data associated to the plan as well
as procedure in appropriate basis (Pandey and Pandey, 2021). Furthermore, it has been
underlined that there are different types of approaches of research for example inductive,
abductive and deductive. With the help of these methods researcher have ability to conduct
overall research in effective manner.
 Deductive- The deductive approach is associated with testing of the validity of
assumptions related to the study. Further, it seemed to be in line with the positivistic
set of the research philosophy.
 Abductive- The abductive approach is associated with surprising facts as well as their
explanation.
 Inductive- Inductive research approach is related to the emergence of generalizations
as well as theories which are new. Thus, it is complex in nature and in line with the
interpretivisim set of research philosophy.
Justification for the choice: Furthermore it has been underlined that in context with present
research investigator has duly undertake use of inductive research approach. The primary
reason behind this is to support interpretivism research philosophy. Furthermore, it has been
underlined that by taking user this research approach method in research and towards
fulfilling overall research objectives in qualitative manner. This research approach is selected

because it help the investigator in testing new theories in a detailed manner so that research
can be completed in an appropriate manner.
Research method
Research choice is the methodology which seeks to inform the investigator about the
collected data or information. Qualitative and quantitative are some types of choice of
method which allow investigator to accomplish research objectives in appropriate manner.
There are different forms of method that allow investigator to collect and evaluate data and
information in an effective manner.
 Quantitative - Quantitative research choice, numerical data or information is
gathered which is easier to collector and analyse. Apart from this it is also based on
the large sample of participants and the information can be objectively measured in
numeric form
 Qualitative- The qualitative research choice is the method of gathering non-
numerical information on the study topic
 Mixed method- This set of the research method tend to comprises of the use of the
both qualitative and the quantitative set of research method. thus, it ensures better
presentation of facts based on quantitative method along with detailed study based on
qualitative method.
Justification of the choice: In context with present research study, researchers have
taken advantage of qualitative nature of research method (Panneerselvam, 2014). The
primary benefit of this method is to have information from different secondary sources such
books or articles. Along with this with the help of this method investigator is aiming towards
gaining information through conversational and open-ended communication from different
people about the selected research topic.
Research Strategy
It has been underlined that research strategy is mainly a step-by-step plan of action
which provide direction to investigator thoughts as well as process. It has been underlined
that main advantage of this is to conduct research in appropriate manner and fulfil objectives
in systematic way as it produce qualitative results as well as reporting. Furthermore it has
been underlined that there are various types of research strategies such as interview, survey,
observation, systematic literature review and so on (Alsawafi, Lemke and Yang, 2021). With
the help of these methods researcher is having ability to execute research with the help of

systematic literature review method which will help in collecting information on the selected
topic in further help you draw valid conclusions.
 Systematic literature review – A systematic literature review helps in identifying,
selecting, and in critially apprasing the research in order to answer the following
research questions in a summarised and detailed manner.
 Interview- It comprises of use of two-way communication for the collection of
detiled and in-depth data on the selected topic. Further, rich information is collected
by researcher through performing the interview in systematic manner.
 Mixed method- The mixed method comprises of the use of the bit interview as well
as the systematic literature review method for collection of sufficient amount of
information on the selected set of topic.
Justification for choice: Furthermore it has been underlined that the primary
objective behind taking use of systematic literature review to journalise representative
viewpoints among the selected topic and further conduct research with wide range of
information in low cost and in an appropriate time basis.
Data collection and analysis-
Data collection tool is important role in overall result as that allow investigated to
acquire data from numerous sources and further fulfil research objectives and effective
manner. Data collection can be stated as the process through which researcher can gather data
and information related to the topic through utilising standard techniques. Primary method of
data collection and secondary method of data collection are the two commonly used methods
that researchers used while performing the particular research study. There are various forms
of data collection methods such as primary and secondary both of these methods allow
investigators to fulfil objectives of research with the help of appropriate and adequate data
and information and further acquire viable results (Ryan, 2019). In terms with present
investigation in order to have abundant and relevant set of information and data to fulfil
current research investigation objectives researcher has undertaken advantage of secondary
source of data collection method. In context with secondary data collection method
investigator has undertaken of books, previously conducted work, articles websites etc to
accumulate proper and efficient source of data. In this to effectively analyse the collected
secondary data investigator has undertaken use of literature review in order to analyse them
in systematic manner. In the existing research the researcher has taken into consideration and
in context with secondary data collection method investigator under technique use of books,

previously conducted work, articles website to accomplish research and effective manner. In
this analyzation of data has been conducted with the help of literature review.

DISSCUSSION
Introduction
This part of the research conducts analysis of the data to determine clear findings. It is
an important part of the investigation which supports attainment of clear research h
conclusion. In the specific investigation data analysis and findings are determined through
literature review to effectively analyse secondary data collected in the investigation. Here
qualitative data which is collected through secondary sources such as books and journals is
analysed to accomplish research objective. Thematic analysis is completed to determine the
main themes of the investigation so that answers for research questions can be gained. This is
advantageous for the present investigation because it provides better flexibility during
research making data analysis concentrated to sped the research completion and get answers
to research questions quickly.
Theme 1: Impact of training on employee’s performance in the organisation
It has been discussed from the above literature review that training plays a very important
role in enhancing the performance of employees within the organisation. Effective training
helps in engaging employees of the company in the activities of the business and in taking
part in the process of decision making (Graves and Sarkis, 2018). Investing time and money
in training employees should improve satisfaction of customers, retention of workers and in
creating new ideas related to the product. Providing training to employees impacts their
performance and productivity in a positive manner and also helps in gaining high success and
growth in the competitive market. Training mainly helps in improving the skills and
knowledge of employees so that they work in a more effective and efficient manner in
attaining more share in the market. Employee development helps in strengthening the
working performance of employees so that they can work in a more effective manner. The
organisation also focus on providing training through online portals so that employees who
are working from remote areas also gets the benefit of gaining new and advanced skills and
knowledge. When employees of the company are fully trained this helps in retaining them
within the business for more period of time and in engaging the within the process of
working. It is important for the business managers to focus on employees problems and
issues that they are facing so that they provide solutions to them in a proper manner.
Effective and productive training helps in decreasing the cost of recruitment and in saving
time in finding new employees in order to promote high efficiency with the business

organisation. With better training and development program the managers can measure the
working performance of employees, giving them continuous feedback and in conducting test
and data so that they gain high productivity within the business market (Duggan and et. al.,
2020). Employees are considered as a most important asset for the company because they
only help business in achieving their predetermined objectives and goals. In order to gain
high growth and profitability in the competitive market, it is important for business managers
to provide training and development to employees for working in a more efficient manner.
Training helps in dealing with the high variability and reliability within the business
environment so that they gain more share in the market and more customers in the mind.
Theme 2: Factors related to training the employees and their level of performances
It has been discussed from the above literature review that training and development is an
important concept for business organisations because it helps in improving the working
efficiency and capability of employees. There are various different factors that are related
with providing training to employees and in boosting their performance. It is important for
business organisation to provide a positive and healthy working environment for employees
at the time of providing training to them in order to improve their working effectiveness.
Positive environment for learning helps in boosting their concentration level and confidence
so that they understand the concept in a more proper manner (Carter and et. al., 2018). This
results in delivering better results because they focus on each and every point at the time of
training employees for a new skill. Providing motivation to take part in the training session
with a focused mind is also considered as an important factor so that they perform all the
given tasks in an appropriate manner. With high level of motivation for employees, helps the
company in reducing the level of absenteeism, in retaining the members of the staff for more
time, improving the working capability of employees and in providing better experience to
customers. New employees assume that the company will provide the training so that they
understand the work in a more effective and efficient manner in order to achieve the set aim
and objectives within the business market. Training is important for both new and existing
employees because both need to learn new skills and knowledge related to any technology or
software so that their work time gets reduced and in increasing their efficiency. Skilled and
effective training manager is also considered as an important factor of training because a
trained and skilled person will teach employees in a more productive manner. Skilled and
experienced manager will have more knowledge related to a particular topic and will make
the training session more interactive for employees (Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Barrales-Molina
and Kaynak, 2018). It is important for the company managers to focus on encouraging the

members of the staff in an effective manner so that they achieve all the growth objectives in a
appropriate way. Training and development mainly helps in attracting talented employees, in
establishing the positive environment within the workplace and in increasing the level of
motivation of employees so that they work in a more productive manner.
Theme 3: Problems that Asda's managers have when training different types of staff
It has been discussed from the above literature review that company face different problems
at the time of providing training to different staff members for improved performance and
productivity. Training plays a prominent role in enhancing the knowledge and skill of
employees and also helps in conducting the roles and responsibilities with skilled and
talented workers within time. It is important for business organisation to provide training to
employees so that they work in a more efficient and effective manner for achieving the
predetermined aim and objectives. Resistance to change is the major problem that managers
of ASDA face while providing training to employees because every employee in different in
nature and this makes their work more difficult. It is quite difficult to make employees ready
to for resisting to any change because they face difficulty communication and trust among
managers (Tsygankova, 2019). This results in effecting their working performance and their
ability to achieve the productivity and growth in the business market. Lack of engagement
among employees is also considered to be a major issue that business manager faces at the
time of providing training to employees. Lack of employees engagement results in increased
employee absenteeism at the workplace because they do not find fruitful to invest their time
in completing the activities of the business. It is important for the business manager to
motivate employees so that they work in a more effective manner for increased growth and
productivity in the highly competitive business environment. Poor feedback and support
system is another problem that managers face at the time of providing training to employees
within the organisation. The problem mainly occur because of the poor feedback and support
system which results in decreasing the motivation and morale of employees to work in an
effective manner. It is important for business manager to develop an effective and strong
feedback system so that employees know their working performance and rectify their
mistakes in a more proper manner. Ineffective training methods is also an issue that company
face and this results in decreasing their working efficiency and capability to perform in
achieving more profitability (Gauer and Germann, 2021). Team conflicts is the problem that
company manager face in the time of training employees for some advanced technology or
skill that they need to learn. It is important for the company to build coordination and
cooperation among employees so that they work together as a team.

Theme 4: Importance to train the employees mainly in the retail industry
It has been discussed from the above literature review that training is considered to be the
most important factor that help retail industry employees in attracting customers towards
buying their quality products. Training not only helps in enhancing the performance of new
employees but it also helps in increasing the knowledge and skills of new employees towards
achieving the objectives of the business (Pellegrini, Rizzi and Frey, 2018). With the help of
effective and productive training within an organisation for employees generally results in
increasing the level of job satisfaction among them. Improved skills and knowledge is gained
by effective training so that they work in a more effective and efficient manner for increased
growth and success in the business market. Training helps in developing the knowledge of
employees within the retail industry about the new training programs so that they deal with
the challenges in an effective manner. Training also helps in increasing the productivity and
performance of employees and this results in gaining high success and growth in the highly
competitive market. Without training no employee can do work in an efficient manner and
this makes them frustrated for working towards doing the assigned work in the given time
period. With effective and productive training results in increasing the satisfaction among
employees regarding their job profile. Training help employees in understanding their job
roles properly and this results in gaining better customer experience and more sales in the
competitive market (Loosemore and Malouf, 2019). Positive working culture also helps in
motivating employees of the company in an effective manner and for achieving the high
competitive advantage among other competitor companies within the business market.
Trained and skilled employees are more productive and efficient in doing their assigned work
so that they develop high growth and success in the competitive market.
Conclusion
From the above data analysis it is determined that providing training to employees has
positive impact on employee’s performance and supports retail organizations in creating
skilled workforce. The findings determined from theme one are that training is essential for
growth of the business because it has positive impact on the productivity and performance of
the employees leading to better consumer satisfaction and overall organizational
performance. It is concluded from the second theme that the primary factors associated with
providing training to employees are motivation, availability of experienced training manager
and positive working environment. Resistance to change, lack of engagement, poor feedback
and support, ineffective training methods and team conflicts are the main issues affecting

training at Asda is the findings determined from the third theme. As per the findings of
fourth theme training in retail industry leads to better job satisfaction, performance of
employees, dedication to job rules properly, higher productivity, better consumer experience
and overall growth of the company giving the firm competitive advantage. In summary it is
determined that training is beneficial for growth of employees which is impacted by various
factors such as working environment and experience level of training manager. Training of
employees in retail sector is linked with several challenges such as poor feedback and
resistance to change. Despite this training programmes need to be implemented because they
have high importance in retail industry.
Secondary data
Sources of data
Theme 1
<https://smallbusiness.chron.com/effects-training-employee-performance-39737.html>
<https://pulsehrm.com/impact-of-training-and-development-on-employee-performance/>
Theme 2
<https://www.smarttask.io/blog/factors-affecting-employee-performance>
<https://www.bizlibrary.com/blog/training-programs/employee-training-9-characteristics-of-
top-programs/>
Theme 3
<https://www.ccl.org/articles/leading-effectively-articles/first-time-managers-must-conquer-
these-challenges/>
<https://www.perkbox.com/uk/platform/recognition/management-challenges-and-how-to-
overcome-them>
Theme 4
<https://www.shopify.com/retail/employee-training>
<https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/hr-leadership/people/importance-of-
training-and-development-in-an-organization/articleshow/48739569.cms>

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Conclusion
From the above research, it has been concluded that the training provides positive
impact on the performance of employee so they conduct their task in well manner. Training
plays a very important for increasing the performance and productivity of employees within
the organisation. The above research states that training helps in increasing the skills and
knowledge of employees which makes them contribute more for getting productive outcomes
as well as achieving goals and objectives of their business. It also helps in increasing the
employees’ engagement level due to which organisational performance and growth is also
improved. Development of employees is also essential at the workplace as it helps in
enhancing the work performance by using different approaches with training session,
coaching as well as leadership mentoring. The company also need to offer online training
opportunities for their remote working employees in order to improve their performance as
well as provide them opportunity to gain knowledge. Training and development help
company to increase their profit and productivity by making their employees trained to
perform their task in better manner. Many advantages are gain by the company when they
invest in employee training which includes improving worker retention rates, making
customer feel satisfied and creativity for new product ideas. Training helps company to save
their cost and time in order to recruit and hired other skilled employees in the organisation.
According to the above research, it has been analysed that training help company in
many ways which includes increases the productivity of overall business, higher workplace
results, increase in competitiveness, consumer satisfaction as well as increase in employee
performance. The research states that there many factors that associate with the training of
employees as well as the level of performance. It involves positive learning environment,
motivation and morale, satisfied employees, experienced program manager. These factors not
only improve the employees’ performance and productive, it also helps in increasing the
profitability and growth of the business. Training and development programs for employees
provide many benefits to the company such as reduction in employee turnover, improvement
in team functionality, increased productivity, reduction in layoff and many more.
In the above research, some challenges are described that are experienced by the
managers while training different kinds of employees in the organisation. It involves
workforce resistance, lack of employee engagement, poor feedback and support system,
ineffective training methods as well as team conflicts. This challenges creates many problems

for the manager in order to provide proper training to their employees and increase their
productivity and performance. The research makes managers to determine the cause of these
challenges in order to implement better strategies to deal with these challenges in better
manner. The above research described that there are many potential employees’ training
strategies that help managers of the company in order to provide effective training to their
employees so, they perform their job in well manner. The strategies are virtual training,
interactive training, on-the-job training as well as classroom based training programs. These
strategies not only trained employees but it is also make them focused in order to achieve the
organisational goals and objectives.
The above research described that, employees’ training and development programs
not only provide the benefits to the company but it is also beneficial for the employees too.
The benefits that employees gain through training are greater productivity, increase in
personal and professional skills as well as increase in work quality. Training helps in
increasing the skills and knowledge level of employees so, they become productive in order
to perform their job in well manner. Employees can also develop different personal and
professional skills through training which helps in developing their career in order to become
more skilled employee for their organisation. Training make employees knowledgeable,
skilled and productive which helps in increasing their work quality. That makes employees to
conduct their job in well manner in order to provide quality works.
Recommendation
From the above mentioned research, it has been analysed that training is important for
improving the performance and productivity of employees. The selection of right training
measures is one of the challenges that an organisation faced in order to provide better training
to their employees so, they perform their job in effective manner. As there are different
training measures which is uses by the company in order to trained their employees so, they
perform their task in better manner. The wants and expectation of employees regarding their
training are different which also create problem for the company to design better training
programs for their employees in order to improve their performance and productivity. There
are some ways which is recommended to ASDA in order to improve their training and
development programs at their workplace for providing the best training to their employees.
These ways are described below:
Learn more about employees by communicating with them- For providing
learning opportunities for employees that are relevant to their needs, it is important for the
managers of ASDA to understand the needs and goals of their employees in proper manner.

The managers should ask questions in a relaxed setting which is an effective way that allows
employee to express their opinion as well as communicate openly. This will also help
company to know about the needs of their employees in order to provide better training to
their employees so, they perform their task in better manner.
Use on-the-job training method to help employees, develop their skills in which
they are interested- Classroom style training method helps in building a solid foundation but
it can rapidly drop its effectiveness if it is not applied regularly. The managers of ASDA
should create learning moments at their workplace from their daily workplace encounters as
well as responsibilities. These moments are small or significant, but it is also helps in
engaging the employees in such manner which allows employees to step out from theirs
comfort zones as well as practice and build confidence in order to conduct the things in well
manner. On-the job learning experiences allows employees of ASDA in order to discover as
well as use that tools which is required them for growing in their jobs on the basis of their
own terms while having the guidance from the more skilled and experienced colleagues in the
organisation.
Improve employee learning objectives through Bloom’s taxonomy- Bloom’s
taxonomy model is a valuable model for the company when it comes to provide proper
learning and training to their employees. It will allow mentors and trainers of ASDA in order
to identify different stages in which employees must go in order to learn new things. These
stages will help course developers in order to design effective training programs for the
employees. The model will help them to identify the employee skill levels as well as define
the objective on the basis of skill levels and knowledge gaps of employees.
Matching learning experience to the needs of employees- The most common
mistake that every organisation makes while designing their training programs as it thinks
that the needs of their employees are same. There are many factors which shape the
preferences and receptions of employees to have training. The managers of ASDA should
remember that their workforce are comprises with the different generations as well as they
have different goals, values and learning styles. The Company should make sure that these
differences are required to be focused in each and every stages of their learning process. This
will help company to provide training according to the needs of their employees. It will also
help to improve their employee’s performance and productivity in effective manner.
Provide regular and constructive feedback- While providing training to employees,
it is important for the company to provide clear and constructive feedback to them. It will
help them to know how well they are learning from their training. The managers of ASDA

should have a strategy in order to make sure that feedback is communicated effectively while
providing training to employees. While providing training, the company need to be
constructive with their criticism. The managers should provide the proper solutions as well as
suggestions to the employees related to their performance. It will help their employees to
measure their performance properly, highlight their specific strengths as well as identify the
areas in which improvement needed. This is also an effective that help company to improve
their employee performance and productivity.
Evaluate capacity- The Training and development programs for employees are a
complex and time consuming for the company especially for the large company. The
managers of ASDA need to evaluate their capacity before provide the training programs to
their employees. It will help them to analyse what and how much things are required in order
to provide proper training to their all employees effectively. It will also help them to improve
their training and development program in order to provide proper training to their
employees.

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