Transformer Efficiency and Regulation

This article discusses transformer efficiency, regulation, power losses, voltage drop, and more. It explains the different types of power losses in transformers and how they affect power transfer. It also covers the relationship between voltage and current in transformers and how it affects efficiency. Additionally, it provides examples of calculating efficiency and voltage regulation for different loads.

Transformer Efficiency and Regulation
2)
The following details of transformer given in name plate, which designed by manufacture
has shown in below.
Name plate information of transformer
Apparent power 1KVA
Voltage rating on the primary 230 v
Voltage rating on the secondary 125V
Current rating on the primary 4.33A
Current rating on the secondary 8A
3)
Explain Why is different from ?
The two kinds of power losses are there in transformer.
 CONSTANT LOSSES.
A) hysteresis losses
B) eddy current losses
 variable losses
A) Cupper losses
B) Stray load losses
Hence, power input side of the transformer is greater than secondary side of the
transformer. Power losses in ideal transformer is very less because its static device, if we
neglected than primary side power equal to secondary side power.
Leakage flux does not have any role to transfer power from one circuit to another circuit,
but as leakage flux increases the power transfer capability of transform decrease.
Magnetic leakage flux is the part of the load component flux which links either HV
winding or LV winding, but not both and it is not having any role in transferring the
power from one circuit to another circuit.
More the magnetic leakage flux in transformer, lesser will be the power transformer
capability of transformer.
The KVA rating of transformer cannot change from primary to secondary side. The KVA
rating is constant in both side of primary and secondary side has designed by
manufacture. The power factor of the device depends on load, we connected it. The
capacity of transformer change according to load. Let us take example of transformer 100
KVA, the power factor of load is unity and 0.8 lag. The capacity of transformer at unity is
100 KW and capacity of transformer at 0.8 lag is 80KW.
4)
Why is the full-load voltage lower than the rated-voltage?
The full load of transformer, the load impedance voltage drop is very high both the
primary and secondary side, the leakage flux is very high, therefore full load drop is high
compare to no load loss.
The winding resistance, IR drop are exist in transformer winding under loaded condition.
The magnetic leakage flux available in primary and secondary side increases, with
increases in load current in the windings. That means magnetic leakage flux depends on
applied voltage but is independent on load current.
5)
Determine the relation between and between
The ideal transformer does not generate or dissipate energy.
Why is the secondary current higher than the primary current?
The secondary current in transformer depends on number of turns in secondary side, if
step down transformer secondary side number of turns lower than primary side, therefore
secondary side current is higher than primary side to make balanced KVA rating both
sides of transformer.

5)
Determine the efficiency of transformer and voltage regulation of LOAD -1
Determine the efficiency of transformer and voltage regulation of LOAD -2
Determine the efficiency of transformer and voltage regulation of LOAD -3
Determine the efficiency of transformer and voltage regulation of LOAD -3