Nursing Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

INTRODUCTION
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases characterized by
excessive amount of blood glucose level. There are mainly two types of
diabetes and type 2 is more common . Chronic disease like diabetes needs
continuous medical attention and self-management care to combat against this
disease as this disease can cause acute and long-term complications to the
patients (American Diabetes Association 2017). It can be said that, the diabetes
care requires a range of various cares and interventions to prevent this disease
condition. In diabetes condition, the nursing personnel, health care providers
should provide standard care to maintain the quality of life among the
patients. In Australia, the issue of diabetes type 2 is quite severe and it is
reported that, almost 175 Australians develop diabetes every day
(Static.diabetesaustralia.com.au 2019).
In diabetic condition, insufficient amount of insulin secretion is reported due
to decreased response to insulin hormone by the insulin receptors or due to
the lower amount of insulin receptors on target cells. As a result, the amount
of blood glucose level is maintained at a high level. As a consequences, the
beta cells are destroyed and this also contributes to the lower amount of
insulin in the blood (McCarvill and Weaver 2014).
In diabetic condition, blood flow gets reduced in the lower part of the body.
As a result patients have reduced sensation as well as slower healing due to
the lack of oxygen. This aggravated any small injury in the foot and increased
chance of developing pressure ulcer (NIDDK 2019).
To combat against this problem, insulin therapy can be recommended.
Administration of outside insulin can help make up lack insulin produces by the
body( Ta 2014).
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY BASED ON NURSING INTERVENTION
NURSING INTERVENTION WITH RATIONALE
 Intervention: Monitoring for foot ulcer and patient education regarding foot
ulcer
Rationale: Diabetic patient generally develops pressure ulcer in their lower
part of the body like foot. Therefore, it is vital to educating patient about the
necessity of regular monitoring of pressure ulcer in their lower extremities
(Theofanidis 2017).
Intervention: Administration of Insulin therapy and patient education for
self- management
Rationale: Diabetes can only be managed and Insulin therapy is one of the
technique which can be implemented in this scenario. Most of the cases
patient has to administer the insulin by himself/ herself as it is regular and
continuous process for the rest of their life. Therefore, patient education is vital
in this scenario (Evert et al. 2014).
NURSING CODE OF CONDUCT, STANDARDS AND
ETHICS
REFERENCE
American Diabetes Association, 2017. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes
care, 40(Supplement 1), pp.S11-S24.
Evert, A.B., Boucher, J.L., Cypress, M., Dunbar, S.A., Franz, M.J., Mayer-Davis, E.J., Neumiller, J.J.,
Nwankwo, R., Verdi, C.L., Urbanski, P. and Yancy, W.S., 2014. Nutrition therapy recommendations
for the management of adults with diabetes. Diabetes care, 37(Supplement 1), pp.S120-S143.
McCarvill, R. and Weaver, K., 2014. Primary care of female adolescents with type 1 diabetes
mellitus and disordered eating. Journal of advanced nursing, 70(9), pp.2005-2018.
NIDDK, 2019. Diabetes Diet, Eating, & Physical Activity. NIDDK. Retrieved from-
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/diet-eating-physical-activity
[ Accessed on 13th May 2019].
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2018. Code of conduct for nurses and Code of
conduct for midwives. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. Retrieved from-
https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standar
s.aspx
[ Accessed on 13th May 2019].
Static.diabetesaustralia.com.au, 2019. Better Management and Prevention of Diabetes for all
Australians. [online] Static.diabetesaustralia.com.au. Available at:
https://static.diabetesaustralia.com.au/s/fileassets/diabetes-australia/283db11a-ec5c-479a-
adc3-59dd66935d5d.pdf [Accessed 14th May 2019].
Ta, S., 2014. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care, 37, p.S81.
Theofanidis, D., 2017. In-hospital administration of insulin by nurses in northern Greece: An
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
During providing care to the diabetes patients, the nurses always should
follow the culturally safe behaviour so that, the patients feel safe during
receiving care and they should show a respectful behaviour during making
them understand about the care process (Nursing and Midwifery Board of
Australia 2018).
Therefore, if the nurses maintain the code of ethics during delivery of care,
the patients will be more engaged to the treatment process and it will be easy
to provide a person centred care to the patients.
Nurses are expected to abide by the Australian Diabetes Educators
Association (ADEA) Code of Conduct while handling diabetic patient.