Understanding and Leading Change Assignment - Jamesford Consulting

Understanding and Leading
Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Compare different organisational examples where there has been an impact of change on
an organisation’s strategy and operations...................................................................................1
P2 Evaluate the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team
and individual behaviours...........................................................................................................7
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................13
P4 Different barriers for change and determine how they influence leadership decision-
making.......................................................................................................................................13
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................14
P5 Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with change...........................................14
The leadership styles mainly focus on 4 things which are ............................................................14
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16
.......................................................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Changes refers to process that brigs positive and negative challenges to run a business. It
can be considered as a challenge that can impact on their present and future. Similarly,
organizations also needs to adapt changes for their long term benefits. Despite of this, it can be
big challenge for a firm and can lead drawback on its profitability. Although, change is a great
challenge but it is essential to face it because survival assist to achieve its objectives and goals.
An organisation seeks to find growth opportunities throughout its life. In order to do so, it has to
adopt changes that can maximise profit among competitive market. Thus, organizations can
possess changes that can affect people, capabilities, cultural values, routine work, etc. When
changes will be initiated and implemented at that time, firms can face various issues to gain
opportunities and competitive advantages.
The report is concentrated on Jamesford Consulting, which is an independent change
management consultancy firm. It helps to improve business through providing support to its
clients in order to deliver business change, operational performance amendments and in
developing a customer focused business (Alvesson and Sveningsson, 2015). This assignment
comprises of a comparison between two organisations in order to observe impact on
organisation's strategy and operations. It also highlights internal and external drivers of change
affect leadership, team and individual behaviours within an organisation. This also consists of
measures that can minimise negative impact of change behaviour, barriers for change and their
influences on leadership.
TASK 1
P1 Compare different organisational examples where there has been an impact of change on an
organisation’s strategy and operations.
Change is a constant requirement for business for growth of organisation. As there are
several other companies are also working in the same field and earning profitability. These firms
are increasing a tough competition for others (Ashley and Empson, 2013). In order to run a
business successfully, firms needs to prepare strategies that can implement positive changes in
the organization. If a firm will changes its process and policies then it can maximise productivity
and benefits. Jamesford Consulting is a renowned firm which provides eminent services to its
clients regarding change management. There is one more change management firm, McKinsey
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Company which also working in the same field. The core reason of selecting these two
organizations is that, they supports in improving performance through which it can gain
opportunities and competitive advantage as well. The perceptions of firms can be change to adapt
new innovative process due to change in competitive environment. Firms often needs to upgrade
their process and innovate new things that can enhance their working process for growth
opportunities (Blewitt, 2012).
Types of organisation change
There are various types of organisation change strategies through Jamesford Consulting
can avoid torpidity while reducing disruption. In order to reach out towards success it needs to
adapt continuous changes that can achieve objectives and goals of organisation. Therefore, types
of organisation changes can be identifies as follows -
 Strategic changes – It can be define to develop strategies that can assist in achieving
goals and objectives of the organization. In order to attain determined target of the firm,
Jamesford Consulting needs to adjust strategies that helps to reach towards goals. It can
be possible that firm even need change mission of organization according to the demands
of external environment. Management of the company needs to focus on the core
strategies of company.
For an example, CEO of Jamesford Consulting may need to change its fundamental
approach to run a business in an effective. It may possible that it can change strategies to target
market to deal with. It can also change its products with some innovative features and the way it
selling items. The overall operations of the firm through which it is performing organisational
activities and functions. There may be a need to change to its partnership and joint ventures
which are signed to gain profit. But if these are not providing any valuable result to firm then it
is necessary to change internal strategies of the firm that can bring positive changes.
 Structural changes – There are several time when an organisation realise that they need
to redesign their structure to work according to the external environment (Burke, 2017).
Structural changes refers to hierarchy of authority, goals, characteristics, administrative
procedures, and management systems. It used to modify entire structure of the firm to
attain the goals and objectives of the organisation.
For instance, if Jamesford Consulting observe that there is need to modify management
system of the firm. Then, they can adopt changes like, they can divide each section in sub
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sections. So that every department can work independently and their issues can resolved on that
level only. It will enhance their productivity because team can focus on their work only without
any disruptions. If they faces some hurdles then people can share it with their managers. It will
make their work easy and effective.
 Process oriented changes – An organisation may need to re-engineer its processes to
achieve an effective workflow and productivity. As there are several firms which can
appoint Jamesford Consulting to change process of their workflow. It can widely seen in
manufacturing and production firms that needs to adopt process changes (Denison and et.
al., 2012). So that they can achieve success and gain competitive advantages. Any
manufacturing firm can appoint organization to change its process and workflow that can
give fruitful results.
 People centred changes – Through involving in communication, motivation, leadership,
and interacting among group brings changes in the skills, behaviour, and performance of
the people who are working in Jamesford Consulting. It emphasizes on the solving
problems and issues of employees. It directly impacts on the nature of workers because
the way they adopt new skills, behaviour it helps them to achieve job goals.
For illustration, Jamesford Consulting can bring changes in organisation by providing
training to their clients how lead their team and communicate with them. So that their
subordinates can understand their task in an effective way.
Drivers of Change – There various drivers which influences organisation to adopt new
change to grab the opportunities in the market. These change drivers can exist in external and
internal environment through which the management of organization attracted towards
modifications (Doppelt, 2017). Thus, there are two companies which are working in the change
management namely Jamesford Consulting and McKinsey that provides services to their client
in order to provide sustainability and success.
Therefore, PEST and SWOT analysis are the major driver of change that brings
modification to run a business in an appropriate manner. The political, economical, weaknesses
and threats are the core drivers of changes that pushes firms to adopt changes to stay in the
marketplace. On the contrary, there are some differences that are working in distinct manner to
bring out the changes such as social, technological, strength and opportunities. Political factors
can impact on organisation's performance. Political factors refers to laws and rules that are
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established by government of the country. It considers all the legal issues of the are influencing
the change in Jamesford and McKinsey because there are some political rules that have to
followed by the organisation. Economical factors is also a similarity due to stability in the
financial condition of the country. Similarly, threats and weaknesses are included in this area
because firms has some weaknesses which restricts them to perform their best. Threats are
putting hurdles in their way to run a business in an effective way (Foltin and Keller, 2012).
Similarities in driver of changes
Drivers of Change Jamesford Consulting McKinsey
Political factor Political parties are governs
some laws that have to be
follow by organisation.
Jamesford that it should be
careful about political aspects
so that it can run its business in
an effective way. The
government excise duties have
to paid by the organisation to
run a business in efficient way.
The frequent modifications in
politics can impact in positive
and negative way. To stay in
these situations firm needs to
change its strategies so that it
can manage the political
aspects (Fyke and Buzzanell,
2013).
As it running its business since
92 years. In the meanwhile, it
has face several political
changes that affects the
business. McKinsey have to
follow the government laws to
run a business. In order to deal
with changes it needs to focus
on management system that
can derive sustainability to
survive in the opposite
conditions.
Economical factor In order to conduct a business
in an efficient way Jamesford
needs to plan new strategies.
Economy is the most crucial
McKinsey needs to innovate
with its redesign process
through which it can capture
attention of people. In order to
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aspect. If economy decreases
then organisation needs to
change in the pattern of its
sales so that it can attract more
customers (Gnan, Hinna and
Scarozza, 2013). As it is
already customer centric that's
why it need to develop such
product that can purchase by
its clients. It will enhance
profit of the company and
provide a sustainability to
survive in adverse condition.
do so, it needs to be focus on
innovation and creativity so
that it can manage in its
business through reaching out
towards that clients. It supports
to increase in its sales to gain
competitive advantages.
Weaknesses Jamesford has some
weaknesses like it is not
necessary that its changes are
acceptable by the clients. In
order to adjust in these
situations where client is not
satisfied with modifications.
Then, firm needs to provide
alternative solutions that can
be help them to stay in the
market.
On the other side, if there are
some changes occurs in client
organisation regarding their
employees. Then, it can impact
on efficiency and productivity
of the firm. Thus, McKinsey
needs to reduce it. Therefore, it
can adopt people centric
approach in which it can
provide training to workers so
that they can be able to work in
an effective way.
Threats One of the major threat for the
organisation is to deal with
other organisation that are
providing same services (Hintz
and Bahia, 2013). Thus, it
In the same way, there are
several threats for McKinsey
like conflicts among clients.
To resolve their issues
organisation needs to
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needs to be emphasize on
developing new strategies that
can bring a positive changes in
Jamesford business.
concentrated on people
oriented approach that resolve
their problems and motivate
them to work in an efficient
way.
Differences in driver of change
Drivers of Change Jamesford Consulting McKinsey
Social factor There are several social
aspects that derives a business
in an effective way (Hintz,
2012). As there are different
requirement of the clients and
due to diverse needs Jamesford
needs to provide them
appropriate solution. If a
robotic manufacturing
company needs to change in its
process then Jamesford needs
to design according to their
requirement.
On the other hand, McKinsey
perform their operations in a
different way. It initially
identifies needed
improvements in the existing
system and it analyse
perceptions and their needs in
old procedures. After
examining these requirements
it improves existing process
and redesign its process.
Technological factor It can be seen that there are
different technologies are
evolving in the world. But it is
not adopting new technologies.
Therefore, it has to improve its
existing systems that can work
in an effective way and
enhance its productivity.
It needs to work according to
the technology evolution. As
there are numerous
technologies which can speed
up its production and
performance as well. It works
with the technology such as it
can design its re-engineering
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process for its clients. This
design can be done through
new technologies that can
enhance its productivity.
Strength The firm needs to develop its
strengths as it can
communicate among a team
and work in coordination.
It provides training to their
clients to stay in the change
environment.
Opportunities It can gain opportunities
through accessing new flexible
modifications in the
organisation.
The organisation needs to
adopt changes that bring new
positive changes. It can affect
in structure of the organization
because when a change will be
implemented it can alter its
existing structure and add new
sections.
There are some negative changes also occurred in the organisations and that have to be
deal with planned strategies. For an example, economical factor affected Jamesford and
McKinsey in the negative aspect because due to fall in financial condition of the country. It was
not getting hike in the business. In order to deal with this situation both companies needs to
prepare strategies to recognise need of people and their purchasing behaviour so that they can
provide them required products and services. They can offer them reasonable prices that can
afford by people. They can also utilize Bohner and Arnold Change Impact Analysis that
identifies consequences of a change. Through this companies can recognise what are essential
changes that can be perform to accomplish a change. In this impact analysis they focuses on
needs of modifications like software maintenance that may required high cost. In these
circumstances, they majorly emphasized on the area which needs alterations for growth
(Mukherjee and et. al., 2012).
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P2 Evaluate the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviours.
Changes made a significant impact on the organisation. While going through
modifications firm needs handle these changes with proper planning and strategies. As these
alterations can be positive and negative that influences business growth and profit. Jamesford
Consulting's major clients are such kind of firm which requires to change its process so that they
can sustain in the marketplace. But it can also bring consequences that are harmful for the
organisation. In order to do avoid and deal with contrary situations the firm needs to be face
challenges with strategies. There are several drivers of changes that influences on leadership,
team and individual behaviours (Hrebiniak, 2013). External and internal environmental changes
impact on the overall organization in various ways and that are given below -
Positive impacts
Leadership behaviour - The leadership will be changed according to external
environment. It needs to take decisions according to the changing atmosphere such as in
increasing competition. Leaders needs to develop some strategies that can attain the goals and
objectives of Jamesford and McKinsey. It will positively impact on organisation because leaders
will face new challenges through which they can develop new skills to deal with competitive
market. It will enhance strength and opportunities for both organization to maximise their
operations and functions that supports them to stay in the marketplace.
Team and individual behaviours – According to the changes in external and internal
environment Jamesford and McKinsey people will also get impacted. As they are part of
organisations that's why they will also face these modifications. For example, due to adoption of
new technologies employees can work in an efficient way. They can accomplish their task
within a specific time. This will enhance their productivity because employees can use their new
software in which they can redesign required changes in a more creative way. Due to the
evaluation of technology they does not need to conduct regular meeting because they can transfer
their information over internet and they can also resolve their issues on forums, emails and
telephonic communication (Keppel and et. al., 2012).
As economy is the drivers of changes that can bring modifications in its strategies.
In order to overcome the impact of economical changes Jamesford and McKinsey needs to
change the behaviour of their employees so that they can get training to work within
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organization. In this process the team and individual will get motivation to perform a new task
and increase their efficiency in an effective way. It will also affect in a positive way that turns in
raise in productivity and performance of the organisation.
Negative impacts
Leadership – Leader has a great responsibility to run a business in adverse situations. In
order to conduct a successful business they have to be careful monitor external and internal
environment in an effective way. Politics is most impactful external aspect that can negatively
impact on Jamesford Consulting and McKinsey. As the ruling government establishes such
rules and laws that make it difficult to the survive in tough conditions. Leadership have to
manage organisation working through which it can sustain in the marketplace. Brexit referendum
was biggest political issue that drastically demolished all industries which running before it
(Kotter, 2012). The entire business growth was slow down but at that time leadership needs to
put efforts that can support a business. They have to change in their strategies that can pull firm
on its track. Leaders can adopt some strategies which focuses on major clients that can support
business to survive in complex conditions.
The leaders should also emphasize on threats that are increasing in the market. Jamesford
and McKinsey both companies are facing threats. As there are only few experts who have
knowledge about change management. Therefore, they are several companies that are offering
their services in the same marketplace. So it is essential for Jamesford and McKinsey to provide
different kind of services to their clients in order to stay for a long run. If they do not put efforts
to overcome these threats then it can negatively impact on organisations.
Team and individual behaviour – The employees needs to work according to changing
scenario of the organisation. They need to adopt new skills and techniques that can be beneficial
in their team work and as well as being an individual. These changes can increase their
weakness levels because they are not working to implement their skills. The external and internal
environment changes can negatively impact on them because they will not be comfortable to
work in adverse situations due to their own weaknesses (Lee and Byun, 2012). That's why
Jamesford needs to work on their weaknesses through providing training to their employees. On
the other hand, McKinsey is serving to high scale firms that losses their focus from the potential
market from where they can also generate benefits.
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As much as social trends will be change organization will also get affected. Jamesford
and McKinsey also needs to modify its operations and activities to stay in the marketplace. Team
and individual cannot stay in the relevant to their field and working process. They have to learn
new things according to society and that makes them confused. They are not able to get the
things on in a proper manner due to change in social aspect. It lives a negative impact on team
and individual behaviour because organization needs to work according to the modifications. In
these circumstances employees will not be able to be perfect in their work.
Hence, in this way external and internal changes can impact on leadership, team and
individual behaviours. People will be affected by these changes firm's values will be changed in
order to manage them the organisation also needs to modify its structure. So that they can be
work in efficient way (May and field, 2014).
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise negative impacts of change on organisational
behaviour.
There are several things which brings changes in the organization. In order to deal with
these changes the organization needs to modify its strategies, policies and procedures that can
make it able to stay in the market. There are several negative impacts are identified previously
that occurred due to external and internal changes. To face these diverse conditions in the
marketplace the company can adopt such theories and models through which it can attain its
goals and objectives. These theories and models are described below -
System theory and continuous improvement model
System theory of change : It is called system model which majorly focuses on changes
factor that modifications must be implemented in over all organization. Through applying these
model Jamesford can deal with negative changes that occurred due to external and internal
affects. It has six interconnected and interdependent variables that gives a new dimension to the
organization. This model consists of people, task, strategy, culture, technology and design and
these are focused to bring planned changes (NHS England, 2016).
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(Source : Systems Model of Change, 2018)
 People – It refers to employees of Jamesford who are working in the organization. They
all have different nature, attitude, perceptions, personality, goals, needs and motives.
 Task – This can be define by given work to that is handled by an individual. The nature of
employee's work can be simple, complex, repetitive, unique or standardized.
 Design – It is most essential part of Jamesford because it is entire system itself. This is
used to plan an organizational structure that can be divide in a several levels. It can also
define a communication system, authority and controlling power. Design also provides
delegation of responsibilities and accountabilities (Peters, 2012).
 Strategies – An organisation determines short term and long term goals and in order to
achieve them leaders of Jamesford develops strategies. So that company can attain them
within a specific time. The management of company can prepare strategies after
analysing available resources, internal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to
gain competitive advantages.
 Technology – If Jamesford wanted to be ahead in the competitive market then it can plan
to adopt technological advancement. It also needs to emphasize on automation, new
techniques and methods that assist to increase in its productivity and performance.
 Culture – The employees who are working in Jamesford they needed to be have belief in
each other. There should be values, norms, ethics so that members can be work in a
peaceful environment.
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Illustration 1: Systems Model of Change

All of these six variables works in interrelated and interdependent. If one element gets
change then it will impact on the others also. For instance, if Jamesford changes its strategies
then they also need to modify existing structure of the organization to attain a certain goals.
Similarly, they will also give authority and power to the managers to tackle their sub division
(Quinn and et. al., 2012). When company will formulate these changes attitudes of the people
and work also be affected. As they would be divided in different sections due to redesigning of
organisation system. Their behaviour will get change according to their existing and modified
culture.
Continuous improvement model – In this model change process is closely watched by
top management of the organisation. The need of organization change is triggered by some
forces. In order implement such changes top management is involved in problem solving and
decision-making process. Therefore, top management is clearly states objectives and goals of
process that have to meet at the end of change procedure. In order to process changes the top
management seeks to attain appoint a change agent who will help them in modifications.
Therefore, Jamesford is working as change agent who brigs out change in over all organisation
functions and operations. At the early stage, as being a change agent firm will identify the
problems which needs to be modified. They will prepare plans and solutions of recognised issues.
After identification of issues that requires changes Jamesford will evaluate the degree to
which extent changes can be implement in an effective way and they also predicts that how far it
can give desired output. The assisting firm also plays an important role on different levels they
participates among individual, groups, departments that are part of change who are facing
problems. That's why top management also evaluates predefined indicators against changes. In
transition state firm goes under a systematically planning and implementation of changes where a
company transferred from present to desired state. Thus, organisation does not remains in old or
new stage due to beginning of change process (Peters, 2012).
While commencing a change process the entire process Jamesford is running plays a
crucial role to bring changes. Hence, through adopting these models organisation can overcome
negative impacts that are generating problems to run a business in an effective way. As these
models provides a continue changes that can support organization to deal in adverse situations.
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TASK 2
P4 Different barriers for change and determine how they influence leadership decision-making.
There are different barriers of changes because it is not easily to implement changes
within an organisation. Therefore, hurdles can be arise while preparing for a change. There are
several kind of changes such as pre-emptive and proactive, responsive and reactive, adaptive and
constructive change. Proactive changes can be define as an approach which is used to avoid
future threats that can affect a business whereas pre – emptive is used to enhance leadership
stability. Responsive refers to providing appropriate information which is required to work in an
effective way on the other hand, reactive changes are those which are quickly take action to
against turned conditions. Adaptive changes can be adopted by the organization at any time in
order to do so the organization should have flexibility (Smith, 2016). Constructive changes are
those which are authorized or direct a modifications to contract that are occurred due to failure of
act.
Barriers of change – While implementing changes in the organisation Jamesford needed to the
identify what kind of changes are occurring so that it can reduce possibility of barriers. In order
to successful implementation of change management there are some techniques that can resist
barriers and they are mentioned as below -
Force field analysis – This is an important for change management as it is part of
strategic management that ensures that a business should responds in the present environment in
which it is operating. It emphasizes on situations that are maintained between forces that are
implementing changes and those which are resisting modifications. In order to do so the changes
that are needed to occur, driving forces must be strengthened or resisting forces should be
weakened. This is a useful tool that supports in taking right decision by analysing forces for and
in opposition of change. It also help to give reason of decision that gives a strong support of
leaders decision.
Schein’s organisational culture model – It has three levels of organization culture that
are based supports in change management. These levels are mentioned below -
 Basic underlying assumptions – In this level there are some fundamental ethics of
Jamesford on which an organisation is based (Van der Voet, Kuipers and Groeneveld,
2015). These are intangible elements of of firm that are only understand by the people
13

who are working there. Intangible elements can be refer as values, belief, trust and ethics
of a company that are important for a employees.
 Espoused value – This can be define as thoughts of public that they think about firm's
values. In present time, Jamesford can communicate its values in public so that they can
run a business in an effective way.
 Artifacts – These are visible signs of organisation's culture that specifies culture of an
organisation. For example, Jamesford can provide a dress code to employees, and
communication medium through which they can connect within internal and external
environment.
Hence, through these models leadership and decision-making can be affected. As by embracing
force field analyses they can take right decision to run a Jamesford in an effective way. They
have a support to face prove their decision right.
TASK 3
P5 Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with change.
There are some situations which forces organisation to adopt new changes that can
control functions and operations in an appropriate way. It brings opportunities that provides
support to run a business in an effective manner because there are various choices that can be
apply to conduct a business. But if change is imposed at that time it reduce growth opportunities
for a firm. At that leaders can adopt situational leadership to deal with sudden changes while
running a business and that is mentioned below -
Situational leadership is considered as a leadership style that has been referred when a
leader or a manger of an organization must adjust itself for an organization to fit the development
levels of the employees whom want to influence (Wagner, 2016). In this kind of leadership, the
style may change continually to meet the needs and desire of others which is based upon the
situation. In other words it can also be called as a amount of task behaviour and relationship
behaviour that the leader provide to their employees.
The leadership styles mainly focus on 4 things which are
 Directing, is one way in which a leader defines roles to individual or group that what,
how , why , when and where to do the task.
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 Coaching is the way in which the leader indicates the direction, using two way
communication and providing the socio – emotional support that will allow to individual
or group of being influenced to buy into the process.
 Supporting is the involvement in decision making about aspects of how task should be
finished where the leader is providing some tasks behavioural while maintaining high
relationship behaviour.
 Delegating is something in which a leader is still involves in decision, and so the process
and liability has been transferred to the individual or group where leader will still stay in
monitor progress.
Kotter’s 8-step Change model – There are eight steps which guides towards
improvement ability and possibilities of success. If Jamesford adopts these steps then it can avoid
failure and can be able to implement successful changes (Yoder-Wise, 2014). These changes are
based on several factors such as :
 Sense of urgency which include the state in which employees support is required to deal
with change. Leaders can make aware employees about need and urgency for change.
 Form a powerful coalition – It convince people that change is necessary for growth. In
order to accomplish a change leadership should be strong and need visible support for key
people.
 Create a vision - This can be achieved through determining core values, define ultimate
vision and strategies that can bring a change within an organisation.
 Communicating vision – Leaders should connect their vision with change powerfully
and convincingly.
 Removing obstacles – Jamesford should continuously check for barriers and remove
them so that entire process can be align to achieve organisational vision.
 Creating short term wins – It is good to create various short term target to attain one
long term goal. So that they can be achieve in a less expensive manner with less failure
possibilities and that can also give a feeling of victory.
 Consolidating gains – In this step, continuous improvement can be analysing by revising
success stories of individual and improvement can be gain from past experiences.
 Anchoring change in corporate culture – This is used to discuss success stories of
change that is integral part of organisation culture.
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CONCLUSION
As per the described report, it can be analysed that leadership play an essential role in not in
corporate world but also influencing individual personality. Therefore, it discuss about the
leadership theory, approaches and models that can apply an organisation change management. It
involves the discussion about given company in terms of facilitating changes in business to gain
required benefits.
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