Why You Should Build Your Business Not IT Department

This assignment requires students to understand the importance of building their business rather than just their IT department. It emphasizes the need to stay ahead of changes affecting a growing business and provides guidance on selecting the right technology partner. The document includes references to various articles and research papers, highlighting the significance of cultural continuity and human development in the context of business management.

Understanding and
Leading change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Comparison between two organisations with impact of change on an organisational
strategy and operations................................................................................................................1
P2. Evaluation of ways through which internal and external drivers of change affect
leadership, team and individual behaviour..................................................................................3
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise the negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P4. Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making...................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P5. Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change............................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
In today's era, every single organisation faces alterations at marketplace. It has been
found that in the modern world, new technologies take place of old applications in a rapid
manner. Hence, it is vital for the management of companies to adapt those changes to sustain in
market for a longer span of time. Apart from this, it also aids in giving competition to rivals and
enhance both profitability and productivity(Ayanlade, Radeny and Akin-Onigbinde, 2017). It is
fundamental for firms to figure out alterations and then apply them accordingly so that firm can
grab a better position in market. In this report, two enterprises have been selected i.e. ZARA and
H&M. These corporations are running their businesses successfully in the United Kingdom and
on other countries as well. They both are dealing in the clothing sector. This assignment will
show comparison in between company’s attitude while making alterations in operations.
Assessment is including various sort of barriers that put impact on decisions of management
while considering changes. Also, external and internal drivers affect leaders in determinations at
time of becoming a leading organisation.
TASK 1
P1. Comparison between two organisations with impact of change on an organisational strategy
and operations
There are so many reasons that push an organisation to make changes in their operational
activities to resist in the market. Failing in this may lead companies towards losses and at a
losing position. These factors can be anything like technologies, government policies, taxes, etc.
Company always try to adapt changes that are in the favour of them but it is not mandatory that
management will have to consider every single modification that they are facing. Administration
should locate and find if change that they are going to make that how it will put impact on
company in positive or negative way. For developing or enhancing business firms of small or big
enterprises, it has become vital for them to consider changes time to time (Butt, Naaranoja and
Savolainen, 2016).
Competition is rising in the marketplace from time to time as new organisations are
coming. Hence, leaders and managers of a company need to take proper decisions so that better
competitive advantages can be gained by the firm. ZARA and H&M; both are dealing in the
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clothing sector but, at the time of adapting changes, they both different perceptions and act
antithetic from each other (Dori, Mevarech and Baker. eds., 2017). Difference between these
two organisations is as follows:
BASIS ZARA H&M
Change in external factors At the time of adapting
changes in policies that has
been made by government,
employees may not like these
alterations as they may think
that these policies may or may
not be in favour of them.
Same situation H&M's staff
members faces at the time
company adapts changes in
policies that government
agency have made. They feel
like if they are capable of
handling those alterations or
not.
Structural Change ZARA's workers keep belief
on its management and they
know that administrators will
make proper decision while
making modifications and this
changes that they have made
are for betterment only of both
organisation and employees.
This type of change may affect
employee’s mind and may put
a negative impact on them. For
an example: An individual who
is a part of H&M will think if
his job is safe or not.
Emerging Technologies ZARA adapt changes in a
rapid manner so that they can
make its consumers experience
better. Apart from this,
updated tools and techniques
also lead firm towards where
they can give tough rivalry to
competitors at marketplace.
H&M is also accommodating
changes time to time which is
helping them in giving vying
to enterprises of same sector.
Its competitors are ZARA,
ESPIRIT, etc.
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Consumer's taste gets changed time to time. Hence, managers and leaders of both
companies should keep on finding them and taking actions so that profit gets maximised along
with the productivity of enterprises. Strategy: In the market, companies can face variations. These alterations may put both
negative and positive impact on the firms. Apart from this, it has been found that workers
do not accept permutations. Hence, it is supervisor’s duty to find out ways by which they
can motivate them so that workers can easily accept revulsions. To find out alterations
that are coming at marketplace, PEST analysis may help in giving overview so that they
can sustain for a long time (Eisner, 2015).
 Operations: It has become important for both; ZARA and H&M to select the right
updated tool at correct time so that operational activities will become optimised and
company can gain more profit in marketplace.
So, ZARA and H&M's management should adapt changes from time to time. Apart from
this, they also need to give proper knowledge to employees so that they don't get into stress in
operational activities. By these, management can become more able to take decisions which
create favourable conditions in the marketplace.
P2. Evaluation of ways through which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership,
team and individual behaviour
Change management is a process by which leaders and managers make better decisions
in context of company to improve all operations, profit, quality of products, etc. Most of the time
these changes a company makes because of alterations that comes at marketplace. These
revulsions can be variability policies, fluctuation in monetary of a company, new tools and
techniques or technologies. Both internal and external drivers affect decisions of a leader at time
of making modifications (Furlan and Faggion, 2015). Some of external factors are:
Consumers: These are the people who have their own requirements. Enterprises find
their requirements and manufacture a product by which they can fulfil the needs and wants of
them in exchange of money. Their tastes get changed rapidly. Hence, both ZARA and H&M
have to adapt alterations so that they can attain high profit. Quality products of these companies
may help them in making long term relations with customers.
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Technology: To maintain sustainability it is mandatory for firms to grab new
technologies at right time. This helps them in enhancing profitability and productivity at same
time. Apart from this, it can also ease the operations of company. Apart from this, adapting a
new tool with updated technology may aid in giving rivalry to other industries of same sector.
Investors: Companies like ZARA and H&M can be stated as multinational companies.
They can easily grab attention of investors as they are already famous in both domestic and
international market. But, it is also mandatory for firms like these at the time of adapting changes
like how investors will react and also they'll provide fund or not at the time of making plan.
Competitors: Most of organisations adapts changes just to give hard competition to
rivals. This activity help them in gaining great position at marketplace. Unique tools and
techniques may make an organisation different from others(Furlan and Faggion, 2015).
Government: Agency do not makes changes in policies easily but when they make it,
every single organisation faces problems. Thus, it is vital for these companies to adapt those
alterations. Government mostly make modification in policies in favour of employees. Hence, it
is leaders duty to keep on giving updates to employees from time to time.
To find out the changes that a company faces at external drivers are mentioned below: Political: Both ZARA and H&M have to find out all political factor that may affect
decisions of leader at time of making changes. It is important for them to find out this so
that risk can get reduce in an appropriate manner. Economical: It has been found that economical growth gets increases when workers of
nation gives their best production. Hence, it is mandatory for companies to find out how
they can improve productivity of every single individual in company. If nation's
economical stage is good then this factor will directly put positive impact in context of
development of ZARA and H&M at marketplace. Social: Consumer can be stated as a apart of society. Hence, if their perceptions gets
changes in context of ZARA or H&M. Then these organisations may find difficulty in
making changes as per their requirements. Technological: Most of the time a company adapts new technology when they wants to
earn more. Old technology gives normal profit if an organisation do not change it in a
long period of time (Gale and et. al., 2014).
Few internal drivers that put impact on decision of leaders are as follows:
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Strengths Weaknesses
Zara is famous for its trendy clothes and most
of the people in world are aware of this firm.
Therefore, it becomes easy for them to adapt
changes that they face at marketplace.
Zara has ample number of employees in all
over world. Hence, it takes time to adjust
alterations in a specific period of time.
Opportunities Threats
Consumers are well known about that
management of ZARA keeps on making
modifications in their products. So, it becomes
easy for them to cope up with all the activities
in regards to change.
ZARA on a continuous basis find competition
in their ways. Small business enterprises are
rapidly trying to expand their business at
international level.
Burke Litwan Model is said to be a model which helps management in adapting
modification in an appropriate manner (Gathwal and et. al., 2017). This exemplary contains
ample number of activities activities which has been compelled into 3 major elements and these
are mentioned beneath:
Input & Output Element: One of the vital element which organisation needs to follow in
an appropriate manner while making changes. Under this, manager will look at all aspects which
are related to operational activities.
Transformational Element: Under this type of basis, top level management continuously
find ways by which company can gain more profit and improve production. It is mandatory for
these people to distribute all the details about alterations that they are going to make to lower
level of administration.
Transactional Element: Daily operational activities may get affected when alterations
takes place in a short period of time. Hence, it is important for leaders to take appropriate
decisions so that they can take decisions which are favourable for company.
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P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise the negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour
Companies make changes for improvisation but they have to understand that these
alterations can affect them in both manner negative and positive. These alterations do not affect
in same manner to every organisation. ZARA manufactures trendy clothes as per updated
fashion. Consumers mostly like changes that they make from time to time. This helps ZARA in
building interest in their customers (Isenhour, O’Reilly and Yocum, 2016). It is mandatory for
firms management to take proper action in removing all negative aspects that may create losses
to company. Creation of pathway: Employee relations in an organisation needs to be strong among
staff members. To make this kind of bond strong leaders and managers keeps on evolving
different sort of strategies. This helps in decision-making process. Explain about plans: It is vital for management to make understand about the plans to
employees that they have made for betterment of ZARA. Hence, this helps workers in
knowing about their responsibilities and also this part motivates them. Participation in meetings and seminars groups: An overview can be given to employees
of a plan. By this, leaders and managers can also help workers in improving their
knowledge and skills. Usually superiors tell about their plans in meetings and seminars. Manage planning and its implementation: This type of strategies includes, management
find a single talented person from a team. Then, this person tells about plan to other
squad members.
 Implementation of plan with suitable goals and targets: This is the last part where
managers and leaders finally implement strategies regarding changes that may create
favourable conditions for ZARA (Kika, 2014).
TASK 2
P4. Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making
Edgar Schien Professor found this model of Management Emeritus. This model shows
the effect of changes on organisational structure and impact on decision of leaders. Barriers are
one which put impact on change management just the way organisation faces when it have
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employees of different cultures. Some of common problems that firms faces in adapting changes
are external factors, bureaucracy and etcetera.
In this context, leaders are the one who takes important decisions for enterprise. They
first analyse the market that what changes took place. These alterations are mostly related to
operations, quality of products and etcetera. Leaders faces so many problems while making
decisions while adapting alterations (Naotunna, 2013).
Self-efficiency perceptions and resistance to change:
Modifications brings so many conflicts with it in organisation. Subordinates have their
own kind of perceptions when a manager imply alterations. New technology if a firm adopts then
possibilities are their that employees refuse it because they have to learn it again from zero.
Force Field Analysis:
Model was found by Kurt Lewin, person stated over here that leaders and managers face
so many problems at the time making crucial decisions. It is essential for them to keep up
motivation of employees so that they can give over time at workplace when it is needed.
Case Study:
In this context, managers and leaders of ZARA conduct meetings with subordinates and
give them various case studies. Under these seminars, supervisors make different sort of plan by
which they can give hard competition to rivals. Under this kind of discussion individual gives
their perceptions which create difficulty in front of management. This can be stated as a barrier
at the time of making decisions (Orlando, 2013).
Situational Resistance to Change:
Under this type of style, managers and leaders have to make alterations which help them
in fulfilling their goals and objectives. Main purpose, in this context is to hit target right on time.
In this barrier can be, for an example: employees starts thinking that they are not very skill full
for the task they their superiors have assigned them.
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TASK 3
P5. Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change
In 1969, Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard are the two individuals who proposed
situational leadership theory. This theory is related to directions and support of leaders at
workstation towards employees. In initial timings, ZARA faced so many problems while
assigning task to employees as per their capabilities (Pellicer-Sifres and et. al., 2017). Because,
they do not know how they will react when manager will assign job regarding change. First of
four level is leaders direct subordinates but do not support them in an appropriate manner.
Kotter's 8-Step Model
John Kotter, who found a model that showed ways of effective implementation of
alterations so that company can make profit in huge amount. John stated that at initial level there
are three models which can be considered as creating suitable conditions for organisation, next
two stages are there which clearly shows the ways by which leaders of a company connects
alterations and environment. Apart from this, last two stages show ways by which management
can implement alterations:
Illustration 1: BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: CHANGE, 2016
(Source: BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: CHANGE, 2016 )
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Increased Urgency
Under this, management clears the objectives in front of employees and tell them about
all the objectives. It is important in this context that managers should clears their vision that why
the changes that they are going to make (Raia nd Rook, 2014).
Build guiding team
Under this, managers form a team by picking up members who are self motivated. Hence,
they are the one who shows responsibilities towards the given task.
Develop the Vision
This is the situation where managers shows and clears their vision in front of staff
members of company. This is the part where subordinates can learn about their task so that they
can become more efficient at the time of completing tasks.
Communicating for buy in
Leaders under this should maintain proper sort of relationship with employees. This helps
them in taking suggestions from them so that better decisions can be made. By this activity,
mentor can easily create favourable conditions for both company and for its subordinates as well.
Empower Action
It is spearheads responsibility to remove all the problems that they face from time to time
(Sarkar and Padaria, 2016).
Create short term wins
In this management fixes targets to employees for daily basis. This helps them in pushing
staff members towards their limits.
Don't let up
In this context, leaders supports staff members so that better results can come out. Apart
from this, motivation can be given to employees to hit their targets.
Make change Stick
This the last step where superiors evaluate plan of change and keep on controlling it so
that activities runs on right track.
ZARA is a company which is famous for its updated trendy clothes. Management have
already cleared its vision in front of employees. Apart from this they also have clear state of
mind towards needs and wants of its consumers. Koter's 8 model help organisation in adaptating
changes (BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: CHANGE, 2016).
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CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from above report that leadership styles may effect change
management of a company. Majorly leaders focuses on making higher profit and improve
productivity of company while making alterations. Organisations can consider so many change
model to enhance their goodwill and brand image at society. This report showed various
strategies that mentors make to improvise condition of firms. Apart from this, it is mandatory for
supervisors to understand change in an adequate manner so that barriers can be removed at time
of decision making. Lastly, both internal and external drivers has also been indulged in
assignment. It is essential for management to study alterations in market and accept them in
means of improving profitability and productivity.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ayanlade, A., Radeny, M. and Akin-Onigbinde, A. I., 2017. Climate variability/change and
attitude to adaptation technologies: a pilot study among selected rural farmers’
communities in Nigeria. GeoJournal. pp.1-13.
Butt, A., Naaranoja, M. and Savolainen, J., 2016. Project change stakeholder
communication. International Journal of Project Management. 34(8). pp.1579-1595.
Dori, Y. J., Mevarech, Z. R. and Baker, D. R. eds., 2017. Cognition, Metacognition, and Culture
in STEM Education: Learning, Teaching and Assessment (Vol. 24). Springer.
Eisner, D. E., 2015. Why You Should Build Your Business Not Your IT Department: A Guide To
Selecting The Right Technology Partner To Keep Ahead Of The Chnages Affecting Your
Growing Business. Advantage Media Group.
Furlan, R. and Faggion, L., 2015. Italo-Australian Transnational Houses: Culture and Built
Heritage as a Tool for Cultural Continuity. Architecture Research. 5(2). pp.67-87.
Furlan, R. and Faggion, L., 2015. The Souq Waqif Heritage Site in Doha: Spatial Form and
Livability. American Journal of Environmental Engineering. 5(5). pp.146-160.
Gale, L. and et. al., 2014. The Late Triassic succession of the Tamar Valley (northern Julian
Alps, Slovenia): remarks and implications for the eastern Southern Alps
paleogeography. In 19th International Sedimentological Congres. (pp. 229-229).
Université de Genève.
Gathwal, C. K. and et. al., 2017. A rare case of large fetal intracranial tumor:
Teratoma. International Journal of Case Reports and Images (IJCRI). 8(4). pp.279-283.
Isenhour, C., O’Reilly, J. and Yocum, H., 2016. Introduction to Special Theme Section
“Accounting for Climate Change: Measurement, Management, Morality, and
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Kika, M., 2014. Management of Working Group by Innovation in Enterprise. In Forum Scientiae
Oeconomia (Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 41-49).
Naotunna, M. N., 2013. Employees’ Commitment to Planned Change in Apparel Industry in Sri
Lanka: An application of Three Component Change Model. International Journal of
Arts and Commerce. 2. pp.97-108.
Orlando, J., 2013. ICT-mediated practice and constructivist practices: is this still the best plan for
teachers’ uses of ICT?. Technology, Pedagogy and Education. 22(2). pp.231-246.
Pellicer-Sifres, V. and et. al., 2017. Grassroots Social Innovation for Human Development: An
Analysis of Alternative Food Networks in the City of Valencia (Spain). Journal of
Human Development and Capabilities. 18(2). pp.258-274.
Raia, P. and Rook, L., 2014, April. The evolution of large mammal communities: beyond
biochronology. In Annales Zoologici Fennici (Vol. 51, pp. 57-65). Finnish Zoological
and Botanical Publishing.
Sarkar, S. and Padaria, R. N., 2016. Farmers’ awareness and risk perception about climate
change in coastal ecosystem of West Bengal. Indian Research Journal of Extension
Education. 10(2). pp.32-38.
Online
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: CHANGE. 2016. [Online]. Available through:
<https://library.scotch.wa.edu.au/businessmanagement/year11/change>.
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