(Solution) Understanding and Leading Changes: Assignment

UNDERSTANDING
AND LEADING
CHANGES

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK1.............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Impact of change on different organisations....................................................................1
P2. Internal and external drivers of change............................................................................4
P.3 Steps taken to minimize the negative impact of change on organisation behaviour.......7
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................10
P.4 Barriers related to changes ways by which leadership decision-making get influence in the
organisation..........................................................................................................................10
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................12
P.5 Leadership approaches deal with changes in the organisation.......................................12
Covered in PPT.....................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
REFERNCES.................................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Change is inescapable in present existence. Understanding and leading change prepares
associates to overcome the obstacles that arises with initiating and implementing change. The
main motive of leading and understanding change is to prepare the individual to anticipate, plan
and deliver change. For understanding leading change, organisation undertaken in this report is
British Bakeries which is a medium sized organisation in Britain and deals in bakery products
like breads, cakes, etc. Assessment of impact of change on organisations strategy and operations
is to be done. Further, evaluation of internal and external drivers of change that affect individual,
leadership and teams. This report also explains the prevention measures to minimise the negative
impact of change on organisational behaviour. Different barrier for changes are determined in
detail and their influence on leadership decision making will be elucidated. And later part of the
report explains the different leadership approaches to deal with change and application of
different models and frameworks are explained.
TASK1
P1. Impact of change on different organisations.
The concept of organisation change comes from the existence and surroundings of the
organisations. It is fundamentally are the order of circumstances which assist the process of
development in organisation. They can be changes in mission, vision, changes in strategies,
operations, technologies, etc. In present dynamical environment, organisational change is
obligatory for every organisation to go forward and flourish in ever changing business
organization. For understanding impact of change on different organisation, let us take two
medium sized organisations namely, The British Bakeries and Lisboa Patisserie of UK (Doz, Y.
L., 2017). They both deals in bakery products like breads, cakes, muffins, cookies, etc. The
British Bakeries will adopt the changes to grow and stay in the market. They will make sugar
free products for keeping in mind customers as diabetes is increasing and obesity also. So, for
this reason they will increase their variants of sugar free cakes, muffins, etc. At the same time
they will produce gluten free products as many people are suffering from wheat allergy so for
this they will produce products like gluten free breads, cookies, etc.
With the impact of changes in organisations strategies, will require changes in their
operation and alteration will be needed in the structure of organisation for the daily routines of
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the employees. New strategies will help the organisation in making strategic decisions
effectively and it will be helpful in minimising the cost for performing various functions
(Grunig, J. E., 2013). Operational changes are concerned with the changes in vision and aims of
the organisations which will always be clear to the people so that they work in accordance with it
to achieve goals and objectives smoothly and efficiently. Impact of operational and strategic
changes in organisation are discussed below :-
Basis The British Bakeries Lisboa Patisserie
Strategy Changes Strategies used by this
organisation so that they can
stay in the fast growing market
and adopt the change in the
organisation for the benefit
and well being of the
customers are discussed:-
Promotional strategies: They
will use various strategies for
promoting their products and
offering to the end customers
and they can be:-
Advertisements in newspapers,
posters, televisions, hoardings,
which will contain about the
new products and their
benefits for customers who
have health problems.
They will also use strategies
like product give away in
which company will give
samples of their products to
the potential customers.
Pricing strategies: As
Strategies affect the line of
business and changes in
strategies will help stagnant
company to reclaim its former
growth rate. Strategies used by
this organisation is different
from The British Bakeries for
adopting changes and making
it necessity.
Promotional strategies: They
will use various promotional
strategies for making people
aware about their products and
offerings and to increase sales.
They will use sales promotions
strategies which can be done in
various forms like in store
promotions, displays,
incentives like 50 % off or buy
1 get 1, etc.
Direct marketing will also help
organisation to directly target
the customers in their homes
or offices such as ordering a
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customers are price centric, so
this organisation will use
different pricing strategies to
tap end customer and they are
discussed below :-
Price bundling will be used by
organisation as this will help
them to sell multiple products
for a lower rate to the
customer compared to that if
those products are sold
individually.
Psychology pricing will help
organisation to encourage
customers to respond on
emotional levels rather then
practical. For instance
organisation will set price at
£99 rather then £100.
product, clipping a coupon,
etc.
Pricing strategies: Price plays
a very important role in selling
products with the huge
competition of the similar
products and offerings. This
organisation will use different
pricing strategies compared to
The British Bakeries and they
are discussed below :-
They will use penetration
pricing strategies as this will
attract customers to buy
product at lower prices.
Economy pricing will also help
organisation to minimise the
cost of marketing and
production in order to maintain
the price of products low and
this will attract customers to
buy their offerings
Operational changes In this, organisation will focus
on target customers needs and
demands. They will hire expert
chefs for baking dishes which
are beneficial all the people
including those suffering from
diabetes and gluten diseases.
In this, organisation will focus
on their production and
manufacturing department.
They will conduct thorough
research with the help of
research and development
department for using
ingredients which will not
harm customers.
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Approaches For dealing with the changes
in the organisation, they will
motivate their employees to
work effectively and
efficiently for achieving the
change objectives.
This organisation will provide
guidance and support to their
employees through proper
training so that they can deal
with change smoothly.
P2. Internal and external drivers of change.
Changes affects every individual, business or industry in their day to day functioning. If
changes are harmful or difficult in nature then people will deny to accept change in organisation.
Changes are any modification that happen in entire work environment (Hahn, R., 2013). There
are various factors of internal and external environment or drivers that affect organisational
functioning. Any changes in these factors creates necessitates changes in an organisations. The
British Bakery depends upon various mutually beneficial factors which influences its day to day
running , strategic decisions and future actions plans for facing the competitive challenges with
success. These are the things, events or happenings that may occur in positive or negative way.
The British Bakery will develop itself such that the people, organisation and team will adapt the
changes with efficient learning and understanding the importance of pervasive environment. The
combination of internal and external factors that influence the decisions and policies an
organisation makes to stay competitive is known as drivers of change. Further more, drivers of
changes are explained below :-
Internal drivers
Internal drivers to changes deals with the internal environment of the organisation. It
consist of events, factors, people, system, structure and atmosphere inside the organisation which
is generally controllable by the company (Hair, J. F. And et. al., 2012). Internal drivers of The
British Bakeries influences organisational activities, decisions, attitude and employee behaviour,
changes in leadership styles, culture, etc. Factors of internal drivers to change are discussed
below :-
Internal Drivers Meaning
Innovation This will led The British Bakeries to produce
innovative variations in its products and
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offerings. It will enhance its quality and
provide different flavours with unique taste and
health conscious bakery items.
Culture The culture is the systematized body of
individual and organisation which focusses on
continuous changes and assures delivery of its
products with superior quality at affordable
prices.
Financial management Finance is the crucial factor in organisation.
This will help The British Bakeries to assure
that adequate funds are available for meeting
day to day expenses and proper production and
manufacturing is not affected.
Employee psychological state The level of assurance and potential of a
person or group is very essential in an
organisation. For this purpose, The British
Bakeries will introduce activities which will
motivate the people to work will full eal and
confidence.
External drivers
External drivers to change deals with external environment of the organisation. It consist
of political, economic, social, technological, environmental, legal environment which are outside
the control of the organisation (Hill and et. al., 2014). The British Bakeries will align themselves
such that they can deal with external factors as they are not controllable. Factors of external
drivers to change are discussed below :-
External drivers Meaning
Political factors Political factors have strong influence on
organisation. The British Bakeries are affected
by political factors as government have great
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interference in the functioning of organisation
like changes in policies, regulations,
taxation ,etc.
Technological factors Advancement and innovations have forced
organisations to adopt new ways of working.
The British Bakeries will use the updated and
advanced machines for making bakery
products which will reduce the burden from
labour and capital intensive techniques will be
followed.
Economic factors Economic environment affect the financial
sustainability and profitability of the
organisation. The British Bakeries will face
economic issues during the period of inflation
and deflation, changes in interest rates, etc.
Legal factors These factors deals with governmental laws
and issues. The British Bakeries will follow the
legal rules and regulations regarding food
safety and will ensure safety and hygiene in
their items. This may include the
manufacturing and expiry dates of the
products.
Impact of internal and external drivers on individual, team and organisations
Drivers Individual Team Leadership
Internal Internal factors will
helps individual to
analyse their strength
which will be
beneficial to them for
Team is a group of
people who work
together to accomplish
common objective
(Hill, T., 2017) .
Leader is a person who
guides the individuals
and team to work in
accordance with the
organisational goals
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working in the
organisation and this
will also help them in
analysing their
weakness so that they
can overcome them.
Internal drivers will
help team to work in
harmony and maintain
friendly environment
within an organisation.
and objectives.
Internal drivers will
help leader of The
British Bakeries to
follow such leadership
styles which will
motivate employees,
provides effective
communication
channel, provides
training, etc.
External External drivers will
help individual to
analyse the threat
which can harm them
and grab the
opportunities which
can improve their
performance. This will
enhance them to
improve their growth
and productivity in the
business world.
External drivers have a
great impact on team
as it becomes difficult
to manage team during
the force from external
sources. The British
Bakeries will develop
proper team for
research and
development, they will
assist financial
manager to deal with
inflation and deflation,
etc.
As external forces are
uncontrollable, leader
will adapt such styles
that will help them to
immediately deal with
the impact of external
sources. Leader of The
British Bakeries will
follow autocratic
leadership style to deal
with external effect as
it needs quick and
immediate response
and decisions are to be
made as soon as
possible.
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P.3 Steps taken to minimize the negative impact of change on organisation behaviour.
Its very important for the organisation to minimize the negative upon the organisation
behaviour. As changes are essential to be implemented by the organisation by which the
productivity will increase. Changes are required to implemented and very congresses comes with
its negative impact (Hitt, and et. al., 2012). To minimize the impact there are the measures steps
which British bakeries leader can take to implement the changes successfully. Steps are:
Employee engagement:- To minimize the impact of change upon the organisation
behaviour, its very important for leader to make their employee engage in the process by which
they feel involve. The leader should also take their opinion as well to make them comfortable
with the changes and it also easy for the leader to implement the changes. The British bakeries
leader should take views, idea and involve them in decision-making related to the changes. If
employees are properly engage in the changes process then implementation will done effectively
in the organisation.
Performance appraisal:- The performance appraisal always boost the moral of its
employees as if people are doing the company is requires to appraise them. The appraisal can in
from of monetary as well as non monetary. Monetary appraisal boost the more involve and
promotions are the biggest appraisal which motives & influence the employees (Hitt, M. and
Duane Ireland, R., 2017). If British bakeries appraise their employee timely then the
organisation leaders are not going to face any problem while implementing changes. By
providing cash appraisal, planning trip for them, promotions etc. are the performance appraisal
for them
Training and development:- As, employees have fear from technologies as well as from
the changes which are about to be implemented in the organisation. Its very essential for British
bakeries to use advance techniques while introducing the sugar free and wheat free bakery
products. So, the leader should provide the appropriate training to its employee which reduce the
impact of changes in the organisation behaviour (Keupp, M.M., Palmié, M. and Gassmann, O.,
2012). Organisation behaviour is effected when individual behaviour is negative. So, it is
required to provide them a appropriate as well efficient training & development to its employee.
Advance notice:- Its very essential for the organisation to provide accurate notice to
their employees before implementing changes in the organisation. Its employees right to have the
prior notice which increase the respect among the management, manger and employees. It will
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provide some time to the employees to accept and prepare themselves for the changes taken by
the company in their working. Through this they will be able to put their problems in front of
management so that they can be addressed properly. After implementation employees are not
going to face any problem.
The British bakeries used the PDCA model to reduce the negative impact upon the
organisational behaviour. The PDCA model is consist of the do-to list. P is for planning, D is for
do, C is for check and A is for the act.
Planning:- To implement the changes and minimize negative upon the organisational
behaviour its leader roles of British bakery to make the effective plan related to the
implementation of the plan in the organisation. If the panning or mapping is accurate then
organisation behaviour can't be impacted.
Do:- In this implementation of a situation is started as according to the leader. The work
or changes are also done according to the leader (Meyer and et. al., 2017Priem and et. al., 2012).
In this changes are actually tested that mapping is correct or not. The leader of Brutish bakeries
will make the small study upon the planning of the changes.
Check:- The leader of British bakery examine the study as work is going according to the
plan or not. The review of the test is essential to be done timely, the leader should analyse the
different problems which are associated with a change and the need to identifies the learning as
well.
Act:- The majors steps need to be taken after analysing the testing. Its important to make
the appropriate changes after the implementation. So, that after completely the change company
not going to face any problem.
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TASK 2
P.4 Barriers related to changes ways by which leadership decision-making get influence in the
organisation.
To implement the changes in the organisation is essential but very changes comes up with
barrier in the organisation. To successfully implement the changes in the organisation its very
important for organisation to determines those barriers. These barriers make the changes more
accurate as the leader implement the changes more effectively. Changes are not easy to
implement in the organisation, if leader wants to change the product or introduce something then
its curial for the companies to take measure steps in respective to barriers. The barriers are-
Lack of employee involvement:- The employees are always have of change as they
want to do the work in same working environment only (Vogel, R. and Güttel, W.H., 2013). The
employees are never in the favour to accept the changes. Its a biggest hurdle for the company
while implementing changes in the organisation. When British bakeries go for the
implementation of changes while introducing the sugar-free & wheat free bakery products. As,
the employees are not ready to accept those as the production procedure, technology use etc.
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Illustr
ation 1: PDCA Cycle
Source 1: (PDCA model. 2019)

everything change. Before implementing any changes its organisation responsibility to make
employees familiar with the technology as employees have the basic fear from the new
technology not the changes. So, organisation have to provide the appropriate training to its
employee by which implementation become easy for them. Its a barrier which effect the
implementation internally. The employees are the internal people by which changes get effected.
The leaders decision-making also get effected by this factor. To make the changes successful its
organisation responsibility to make them involve in the change process rather then neglecting
them. Make them involve in discussion, listen their ideas & opinion etc. after that barrier don't
effect the organisation.
Government rules and polices:- Its a external factor by which organisation faced
difficulty in implementing the changes. If government changed its policies in between the
changes implementation then its a biggest external barrier for the company. While implement the
changes the British bakeries should always consider the laws which are made for the food &
safety. The standards have to be followed by them to make the changes implementation
successful. So, its became very curial for the organisation to always focus upon the policies
which are formed related to the changes. This factor also influence the decision making of the
leader if policies change they also have to change their leadership style as well.
The force field model:-
The force field model is used to determine the forces which are against the changes and
forces are in favour of changes. Favourable forces powerfully accept the changes the due to these
factors only implementation is take place in the organisation. The unfavourable forces are factor
due to which company is going to face the problem and faced difficulty in implementing the
changes.
Forces are in favour of changes:
These forces wants the change should be implemented in the market to increase the brand
value. The favourable forces are:
Customer wants the changes:- The customer also wants the new & modified products.
The trend changes customer demand and preferences also changes. So, according to the time its
organisation responsibility to make the required changes which are essential to be implemented.
Improved production speed:- This factor is in favour because if improved technology is
used by them than the speed of the production will automatically improves by which the
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productivity of the new products increase as well as the sales. The improved the production the
higher the sale of the product.
Reduce the training time:- This factor also want changes should be implemented as the
time of training will be reduced by them and the company is not going to face any hurdle while
implementing the changes in the organisation.
Forces are against in changes:
There are the some factors which are against the implementation of changes in the
organisation. Its very important for the company to make the changes according to the customer
concern but then too some factors are in against:-
Loss of staff overtime:- To implement the changes successfully its very important for
the organisation to make employees aware about the changes. At the time of implementation the
employees have to do the overtimes which is drawback for the company as the employees start
leaving the organisation. After which the decision-making of a leader also get effected.
Cost:- The cost of production will increase if British bakeries is introducing the sugar
free product as well as the wheat free product. This factor are always in the against of the
changes which are about to be implemented. Decision-making also get affected if the cost is
required to increase in between the implementation. Every time the changes implemented the
cost will automatically increase.
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TASK 3
P.5 Leadership approaches deal with changes in the organisation.
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15

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CONCLUSION
From the above file it has been concluded that understanding and leading change is very
essential. Accepting changes is important in the business world because it improves performance
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of the organisations, minimises and controls cost, enhance innovation, etc. Further this helps not
only in organisational development but also improves personal development and growth. This
report gives clear picture of impact of changes in organisations strategies and operations by
comparing two medium sized organisations. It also explains how internal and external drivers
will affect individual, team and leadership styles. Further it defines the different ways to
minimise to negative impact of change on organisations behaviour. It also explains the
importance of leadership decisions and how they are influenced by barriers for change. Last part
of the report determines the various approaches of leadership dealing with change.
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REFERNCES
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Hill and et. al., 2014. Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning.
Hill, T., 2017. Manufacturing strategy: the strategic management of the manufacturing function.
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systematic review and paths for future research. International Journal of Management
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Meyer and et. al., 2017. The entrepreneurship‐strategic management interface. Strategic
entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset. pp.17-44.
Priem and et. al., 2012. Insights and new directions from demand-side approaches to technology
innovation, entrepreneurship, and strategic management research. Journal of
management. 38(1). pp.346-374.
Vogel, R. and Güttel, W.H., 2013. The dynamic capability view in strategic management: A
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Online
PDCA model. 2019. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.creativesafetysupply.com/glossary/pdca-cycle/>
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