Organizational Behaviour: Culture, Politics, Power and Motivation

This document explores the influence of organizational culture, politics, power, and motivation on teams and individuals. It discusses the concepts of power and role culture, as well as the impact of politics on productivity and employee morale. The document also covers the content and process theory of motivation and provides a case study on Tesco, a multinational company.

Organizational Behaviour

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1 .................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Organizational culture, politics, power influence on team and individual........................3
LO2..................................................................................................................................................7
P2 Content and process theory of motivation.........................................................................7
LO3 .................................................................................................................................................9
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team. ...........................................................9
LO4................................................................................................................................................12
P4. Concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour:...............................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour is the study of an individuals behaviour in an organization. The
behaviour of an individual must be very appropriate of them in the organization and should
match the organizations standards. The behaviour of individuals influence the people and the
environment of the organization. The environment of the organization can get negative if the
behaviour of people of the company is not appropriate. There is a theory on this organizational
behaviour so that the behaviour of the people can be improved so that the organization can work
efficiently. Motivation plays an important role in an individuals performance in an organization
and that will not just help the individual to get the achievements but will also help the
organization to get there mission and vision achieved.
Tesco is a British multinational company which is a groceries stores and retailers. The
company's headquarters is in England, United Kingdom. The company comes under the world
largest and successful retailers in the world. The founder of the company is Jack Cohen in 1919.
The company has over 100 retailer stores in across the world. The company provides services
like selling books, toys, clothings, furniture, petrol, software, telecoms, internet services,
electronics, etc.
The report will be covering as to how motivation helps individual and teams in achieving
the goals and objectives of an organization and the influence of politics, culture and power on the
individuals or the employees of the organization. All these factors play a major role and impact
on the individuals working in an organization and the consequences and the methods to improve
that will be discussed further.
LO1
P1 Organizational culture, politics, power influence on team and individual.
Organizations working is largely depend on the employees of business. Tesco needs to
develop an effective policy for smooth working of their business. Tesco development largely
depends on the working of the organization. Power and politics plays an important role in
development of organization.
Handy culture
Power: Power in an organization is held by some of the individuals of an organization.
Power in some limited hands help them to influence others towards work. Power makes working
of an organization smooth and efficient(Osland, Devine and Turner, 2015.) . Power helps to take

important decisions but authority to few people de motivates other employees in an organization.
Tesco needs to maintain power in an organization . Managers needs to use power to influence
and motivate employees to achieve organizational goals. Misuse of power reduces the efforts of
employees, loss their trust on organization power comes with responsibility to handle effectively
each and every prospect of an organization. Employees are working effectively but due to power
of some top managers they will not get appreciation on the efforts their putting for a success of
organization.
Role: Each and every employee and a manager needs to play his role effectively for
success of an organization. Tesco needs to know the skills and abilities of each and every
employee in an organization and assign jobs according to their ability it helps employees to work
effectively and business to develop working environment. Role culture is acquired to develop
performance of employees. Provide role and promote employees on the basis of the abilities.
Proper assigning a role helps Tesco to motivate their employees and helps them to increase
profitability in the business. Role culture effects employees who are more interested to lead or to
work on their own type of employees need power to influence others they are lees interested
towards the role assigned.
Task: Task culture is a job or a work assigned to an employee. Task culture shows
employees the efforts required to achieve goals of a business. Task makes employees to work
effectively and according to organizations requirement helps business to bring all employees and
required resources together for smooth working of a business. Task culture helps a team to work
effectively and shows the responsibility of every individual in a team for achievement of
organizational objectives. Teams are developed in Tesco to achieve the goals of business. Task
culture requires control and day to day activities are analysed by top m,management for smooth
working of a business. Resources are available to employees to achieve task effectively.
Resources are available to those employees who are able to use them effectively and minimize
the wastage from resources. Task culture helps in development of team and makes employees to
know each other bring coordination in an organization.
Person: Person culture is nature and beliefs of employees or an individual in an
organization. Tesco needs to analyse the culture of each and every employee in an organization.
Person behaviour like an employee who works according to his own guidelines and have no
interest to follow the methods of organization then it becomes a problem for organization to

achieve their objectives. Employees who are working more to achive the personal goals rather
than goals of organization effects the working of organization. An individual in a team work
according to his guidelines effects the working of all other employees in an organization and de
motivates others in an organization.
Power in an organization
Coercive power: Power of some managers and leaders in Tesco effects the working of
organization. Coercive power are used by some of managers it means the employees are forced
to achieve targets(Wilson, 2017.) . Threats are given by managers which exploits them at social
background. Tesco needs to control this type of power because it effects the working of
employees. Employees are not able work effectively, de motivates them reduces their moral and
effects their trust in an organization.
Reward power: Rewards power used by company to influence employees and engage
them towards the work of an organization. Rewards are given to individuals who are effective
and help organization to achieve their goals. Rewards helps to develop future effectiveness
towards work in employees.
Legitimate power: Power is used to reward and punish employees in organization.
Tesco uses this type power when employees ar effectively then rewards are given to them or
promote them to higher position and when employees are when employees are not working
effectively or ineffective towards the organization then punish employees.
Referent power: Managers who are able to motivate and influence or have a special
character are able to influence employees with their power. This type of power helps Tesco to
lead employees and develop sense of belonging in an organization.
Expert power: Tesco needs managers and leaders who are able to use this type of
powers as it helps to combine all other power. Managers who uses expert power are intelligent
know how to influence employees towards work. Tesco develop an effective policies for
development of their business and employees in an organization.
Politics in an organizational
Decrease overall productivity: Due to nasty politics from some of the employees of
Tesco effects the working of individuals who are effective and helps in development of
organization. Employees are more emphasize to play politics and less on work. Spend more time
to pollute the internal environment that effects the productivity of business.

Affects concentration: Employees who are interested to play politics are less
concentrates to achieve the goals of business(Borkowski, 2016.) . This type of employees effects
the working of all other employees in an organization.
Spoils the ambience: Due to bad politics from some of the employees effects whole
environment of business. Effets the relations between employees in an organization.
Demotivate employees: Employees who are not effective but able to play nasty politics
and impresses their bosses then it effects the working of all other employees who are interested
and put their abilities in fulfilment of organizational goal. Because effective employees are not
getting proper rewards for their efforts due to politics in an organization.
Increase stress: Politics increases stress in employees and effects the overall working of
organization. Due to politics employees are not able to trust each and increases stress.
Wrong information: Some of employees in an organization provide false information to
their bosses. It effects the overall moral of employees and build negative image in minds of
employees.
LO2
P2 Content and process theory of motivation
Tesco needs to develop motivation in employees of organization. Motivation helps
company to develop their business at large scale and effective and efficient work from the
employees of organization.
Content theory
Physiological needs: Each and every employee needs motivation. This are the basic
needs that employees require for their living. Needs like shelter, food, clothing, sleep, air all this
are required for day to day working of a business. Tesco needs to full fill this needs of employees
as they are basic and important needs without them employees are not able to work effectively.
Safety needs: Safety is required by employees to work without fear. Tesco needs to
provide workplace safety to employees, make them work without fear from other top managers.
Provide them security from law(Wilson, 2018.) . Provident funds and accidental funds are given
to employees. If Tesco is able to provide safety and protection to employees then it helps them to
increase motivation in employees to achieve the objectives of business.
Love and belonging needs: Employees need love and sense of belonging to
organization. Tesco needs to familiarize employees by trusting them, make them friends build

relations with employees, by assigning them task helps to increase their trust in an organization.
Provide employees an opportunity to be a part of decision making and in development of
strategies this employees to feel that they are important to company.
Esteem needs: Employees needs respect from their managers. Tesco needs to praise the
efforts of employees provide them rewards and recognition in the organization it helps business
to motivate employees towards their work.
Self actualization needs: Every individual wants to develop and achieve his personal
goals. Managers of Tesco needs to motivate employees towards their own growth and
achievement of their personal goals. Attach employees personal growth with organizational
objectives it helps business to motivate employees and development of organization.
Process theory
Expectancy: Tesco needs to analyse what employees want from their own efforts and
their expectation from their efforts. Helps business to develop at large scale. Company needs to
analyse how they are able to motivate their employees and develop performance for
organization. Employees needs to provide proper training from their managers for their
development. Tesco needs to increase confidence of employees in an organization (Lăzăroiu,
2015). Provide the resources required to employees for completion of a task and helps them to
achieve their task. Motivation is required to employees to influence them that they are able to
complete a task by their efforts and improve performance.
Instrumentality: Tesco needs to appreciate the efforts of employees and provide provide
proper rewards and promotion to employees on their work(Petrou, Demerouti and Schaufeli,
2018). It helps business to develop employees and make them think that if they work
continuously with efforts in future then managers will appreciate their efforts and helps them
achieve their personal goals.
Valence: Tesco needs to analyse what their employees love and value. Some employees
wants increase in their salary and some wants appreciation from their bosses, or recognition in an
organization. Some employees would love to go for day off.
Motivational techniques
Create a positive work environments: Companies needs to develop an positive work
environment in an organization. Environment plays an important role in development of
organization. Make employees to share their feelings and give them freedom to take their own

decision so that they are able to help in development of organization. Company needs to know
that employees have effective resources that helps them to achieve their tasks and goals.
Managers needs to minimize conflict in an organization.
Set goals: Motivate employees by providing them goals on the basis of their skills and
abilities. Company needs to give an aim to their employees that they wants to achieve. Make
goals simple so that employees will able to understand and work effectively.
Provide incentives: Tesco needs to provide incentives or bonuses on the efforts of
employees. It helps them to develop their employees to get future efforts for development of
organization.
Share profits: Company needs to share profit as bonus to employees. Employees get to
know that if they work effectively then it increases profit of organization and helps employees to
earn profit. Then employees work effectively for their own advantage.
Professional enrichment: Train employees and educate them towards new working of
organization that helps them to develop an effective policies for development of organization.
Professional training helps company to establish new policies and trends in an organization.
Provide opportunities to employees for their own development in an organization.
LO3
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.
Organization requires a that helps them ton achieve their goals an team develops
opportunities for business(O'Neill, Beauvais and Scholl, 2016.) . Team helps to share skills and
abilities to each other and helps in smooth working of a business. Business have both effective
and an ineffective team both have their different features for development of organization.
Effective team helps in completion of task on time.
Basis Effective team Ineffective team
Team focus Effective team know what they
have to do methods or
techniques are required for
fulfillment of task. Effective
Ineffective team have no
purpose they have no idea how
to handle a situation or react to
situation. Team have no goals

team helps business to achieve
goals. Team know the
responsibilities of each and
every employee. Employees
work effectively towards the
achievements of goals.
or targets that they want to
achieve. Day to day activities
are not properly organized.
Business needs ti prepare
effective strategies for
development of team.
Ineffective team have focus on
playing politics in an
organization.
In equal membership Effective team work with each
other employees know the
working of each other and
helps them to achieve goals,
share skills and abilities with
each other it helps business to
develop at large scale. Equal
distribution and
responsibilities or employees
helps them build trust.
Ineffective team have no goals
the members have no idea
about each other employees
are not able to work effectively
according to requirement.
Conflicts between employees
effects the working of an
organization.
Errors and negativity Employees in an effective
team helps each other to solve
problems and error. They more
emphasize to work and help
each other that helps them to
establish smooth working in a
business.
Whereas ineffective team
employees point out the
problems of each others. Each
and every employee feels that
they are superior from one
another.
Solve problems Effective team develop new
policies and strategies to solve
problems. They are able to
adapt the changing
Whenever a problem arises in
an ineffective team they are
not able to cope with each
other. Not able to find out the

environment and work
according to the requirement.
solution for the problems.
Keep moving Effective team have aim that
work must be done to achieve
goals. If any problem or error
occur solve the problem and
keep moving for development
of organization.
If any problem occur in an
organization the ineffective
team takes time and not able to
reach a solution for success of
organization. Team needs to
develop an effective policies
for their smooth working and
development of organization.
Team development theory
Coordination: Tesco needs to develop coordination between employees for their smooth
working of business. Coordination between employees helps them to know each other and share
their skills and abilities. Coordination helps an organization to complete work on time.
Team worker: Leader of a team helps each and every member of team equal. Provide
equal opportunities on the basis of skills and abilities of employees(Borkowski, 2015.) . Working
in a team helps business to organize all the resources of an organization.
Resource investigator: Organization needs to collect resources that are requires for
achievement of goal. Team is developed on the basis of that they are able to minimize wastage
helps to give effective outcome for success of a business.
Analyse the strength: Leaders or managers before developing a team needs to analyse
the working an d abilities of each and every employees of team and assign the task according to
their skills.
Completer finisher: Team leaders or member's of team needs to analyse all the working
of a business and pay attention to each and every part of a business.
Shaper: Leaders needs to shape working of team and responsibilities of each and every
employee in an organization. Every part of business analysed effectively for success of an
organization.

Specialist: Team needs specialist for development of organization. Specialist helps to
solve worse condition in an organization and develop new policies for maintaining all efforts of
employees.
LO4.
P4. Concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour:
The concept of the organizational behavior refers to the study which identify and measure
the impacts of the behavior of the employees, groups and structure towards the organization. In
the business operations of the Tesco all the resources are essentials and the most important
resources is the human resources. Behavior of the humans changes as per their needs and wants
so the behavior of the people is unpredictable (Larijani and Saravi-Moghadam, 2018). In the
Tesco the philosophies of the business is used to conducts the activities and operations of the
business and get the success and growth of the company in the future and the present market
situations.
Perceptions: The perceptions of every people are different from each other when they
see an object. Every person organize and interprets the data and information as per their standard
of life and the company have to produce as per the requirements of the customer. For example, to
increase the base of the customer Tesco will manufacture the products as per the perception of
the customer (McShane and et.al., 2018). According to this situation the leader uses the
achievement oriented style of leadership in which they set the goals for their employees to meet
the needs and wants of the customer by producing their products and services.
Motivated behavior: The motivated behavior of the person are also affected the
behavior of the organization success and growth. Tesco focuses on the nature of their employees
that must be positive for the effective success and growth of the business in the future and
present market situation. For example, to achieve the goals and objectives the motivates their
employees by giving the rewards and bonus so they work effectively and efficiently (Sendjaya
and et.al., 2019). As per this situation the leader follows the supportive leadership style in which
they support their subordinates by inspires them towards the goals of the Tesco.
Mutuality of interest: Tesco wants the people to increase the sale and the people want
the products and services of the Tesco so there is the mutual understanding between the company
and their customer. Mutual understanding of the people and the company helps each other in
achievement of the goals. For example customer has the high needs of the fashion products in the

current days so the Tesco sales the latest trending products and services of the current fashion
industry (Chinomona and Dhurup, 2016). In this situation the leader uses the participative style
before they take the decision related to maintain the mutuality between the company and their
customer.
Individual differences: It follows the individual approach towards each and every
employee of the company. The company observe, listen and conclude from the behavior of the
employees and the customers for the success and the growth of the company in the long run. The
organizational behaviors help to maintain the effective atmosphere of the business. For example
Tesco takes the ideas and opinion of their employees because all the people are unique in their
own way and their ideas are also unique (Nangoy and et.al., 2019). The leader will uses the
directive style of leadership in which they guide their employees about what they have to do and
how to and manage all the working of an organization and tries to develop business at a large
scale.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it is concluded that the organizational behavior plays a major role
in the growth of the TESCO. It is very significant for each and every company's performance
measurement. The company can attain the profit by going through the needs and demands of the
consumer in market. The organizational behavior is helpful for development of company. The
company can avail through various strategies and intervention fro the success and development
of the growth. It can be fruitful for the company for keeping the positive organizational
behaviour and thus company's revenue can be effectively achieved by that. Company can attain
the profit by forming the targets which can be attained by the employers of the company
effectively by limited use of resources. Motivated employees and team can be further a
achievement for the employee in gaining the huge profit margins. An company can boost up their
employees and team member by rewarding the, for their good work and maintaining the quality
of the work so that they can give their best at limited time. They can motivate employees by
rewarding them by providing incentives, bonuses and promotions so that they keep their good
work ahead for the growth of the company. It is very helpful strategy for the company to get best
work output from their employees and further gain the huge profit and revenue for the company.
The company can get high achievement by motivating, training and developing their employees.

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