Management and Operations in Sainsbury: Roles and Functions of Managers and Leaders

This document discusses the roles and functions of managers and leaders in Sainsbury, a retailing company. It explores the different management theories used by managers and the leadership styles employed by leaders. The document also highlights the applications of management and leadership in various situational contexts and emphasizes the importance of effective management and leadership in achieving business objectives.

Unit 4 - Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1) Describe how functions of managers are different from role of leaders.........................3
M1) Analyse difference between roles and functions of managers with suitable theories....6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P2) Discuss the applications of role of leader and functions of managers in context of different
situational context...................................................................................................................6
P3) Discuss theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems
leadership and contingency..................................................................................................10
M2) Asses the strengths and weakness of difference approaches to situations within work
environment..........................................................................................................................13
D1) Analyse and evaluate different approaches and theories of leadership in given context13
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................13
P4) Discuss the key approaches of operations management along with the role of managers
and leaders............................................................................................................................13
P5) Explain significance and values of operations management in achieving business
objectives..............................................................................................................................15
M3 Measure how leaders and mangers can improve the efficiency of operational management
for attaining business objective............................................................................................18
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................19
P6 Examine the factors within business environment that affects operational management and
decision making by managers and leaders...........................................................................19
M4 ) Assess how these different factors affects the business environment and wider
communities.........................................................................................................................20
D2) Evaluate the applications of operations management along with the factors that impact
business environment...........................................................................................................20
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................22

INTRODUCTION
Management is consider as an essential activity that is carried out in order to manage all
the business functions in an efficient manner. It is a wide concept that comprises ample of
activities from planning to controlling to ensure future growth and success of entity.
Management is to operate, run as well as control several business functions in an appropriate
way to attain predefined goals and objectives (Ahmed and et.al., 2018). Here operations
management is consider as a crucial function to make optimum utilization of available resources
within company. It comprise different activities to enhance the overall productivity and
efficiency of entity by minimizing cost of production. Further the report is based on Sainsbury
that is a retailing company has headquarter in UK. It owns a chain of retail stores to serve
domestic as well as international audience. Organisation was founded in the year of 1869 by
John James. It provides a range of groceries and general items to the customers of different
countries. The report is carries out with an aim to deliver overall prospective about management
and operations techniques within a company. The role of leader and functions of manager along
with necessary theories are included in the following report. In addition, it tend to comprises
ample of theories as well as models and concept pertaing to management and leadership along
with their applications. Further, importance of operations management are also discussed in
report along with the tools that are essential to operate business effectively.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
P1) Describe how functions of managers are different from role of leaders
There are ample of management theory that are used by managers to manage workforce
in an efficient manner. In context of Sainsbury different management approaches are mentioned
below:
Management by objectives- It refers to alien business objectives with individuals
objectives working in company in order to maintain better coordination at work place. Managers
of Sainsbury formulate objectives and convey it to employees so that they get motivated and
work for the betterment and growth of entity (Belvedere and Grando, 2017).
Behavioural Management Theory: Here, managers prepare effective strategies in order
to manage human resources within company in a better manner. It refers to understand the

behaviour, needs, wants of employees to enhance their productivity and efficiency and motivate
them accordingly. There are certain models such as Maslow, Mayo and more which are applied
by Managers of Sainsbury to retain human resources with entity for a longer period of time.
Further, it is also essential to maintain a positive environment at work place.
Classical management: Here, managers believe that employees only have physical and
economical needs. As per this, there are predefined ways to work which need to adopt in order to
get work done on time. Here main aim of managers is to earn profit due to this they treat
employees like other resources and do not pay attention over working conditions. In context of
Sainsbury, managers use different classical approaches such as Scientific management,
Bureaucratic and Administrative management with some modifications in order to manage work
force in better manner within entity (Chary, 2017).
Managers are the person who undertake ample of managerial as well as administrative
activities to manage various business activities effectively. In addition, they are the key persons
and prepare effective strategies and plans for the success of entity. For this managers of
Sainsbury perform below mentioned functions:
Planning: Here, managers prepare make anticipations about future circumstances and
make appropriate strategies to minimize the impact of uncertainties. In addition, it also helps to
grab the opportunities of growth and success that may occur in upcoming years. In context of
managers of Sainsbury, prepare plans and policies to ensure higher profitability of entity.
Organizing: In this, all the resources within company are organised in an appropriate
way. Here, management team of Sainsbury ensure to make effective use of available resources to
maintain operational efficiency within organisation.
Staffing: To perform various business task, it is imperative to hire and select potential
candidates (Deepak and Jeyakumar, 2019). It will help to achieve predefined objectives in
stipulated period of time. In this regard, managers of Sainsbury select best suitable and qualified
applicants from internal as well as external sources to meet with organisational requirements.
Directing: Here, managers provide appropriate direction, suggestions to employees to
resolve their issues. To achieve predefined objectives, it is crucial to guide as well as lead human
resources on timely basis. In Sainsbury, managers prepare suitable strategies to maintain
effective coordination at work place.

Controlling: Here, standards are formulated to keep proper control over the performance
of employees at work place. Management team of Sainsbury evaluate the work of human
resources on timely basis in order to take necessary corrective actions for further improvements.
Leaders are the person who guide, motivate as well as lead followers to perform better to
attain predefined goals (Filimonau and Delysia, 2019). They communicate with employees on
regular basis to keep them motivate and maintain effective co-ordination at work place. Roles of
leaders in references of respective organisation are given as under:
Developing vision: Leader put a great influence on followers by providing necessary
institution and guidance to them. In addition, leaders of Sanisbury are responsible to develop
vision and goals for employees so that they work to achieve it.
Motivation: To enhance the productivity and effectiency of human resources, it is
significant to motivate them on timely basis. Motivated employees tend to work for the
betterment and success of entity. In context of Sainsbury, leaders of respective entity inspire
workforce by providing them various benefits such as incentives, rewards and many more.
Comparison between roles and functions of managers and leaders:
Managers Leaders
Manners of respective entity prepare policies
and strategies in order that are essential to
attain predefined goals and objectives.
Here, leaders maintain effective
communication with employees and make
them aware about organisational plans and
policies.
All the important decisions are taken by
managers. In addition, they perform various
function to make effective use of available
resources (Gibson and Parkman, 2018).
Leaders convey the policies to subordinates
and continuously guide and coordinate with
them in order to minimize conflicts arises at
work place.
Leadership role: There are different roles are played by leaders in organisation which are given
as under:
Interpersonal role: Here leaders are responsible to interact, communicate with followers on
regular basis in order to know their problems and resolve them in an efficient manner. It refers
the relationship of leaders with others individuals who are working in company.

Here main roles of leaders are as Figurehead, liaison and more.
Informational roles:
Monitor: In this leaders are responsible to monitor the work of subordinates on
continuous basis in order to guide and lead them.
Disseminatior: Here, main responsibility of leader is to provide necessary information to
subordinates.
Spokesperson: In this, leader represent organisation in front of external parties who affexct
business performance.
Decisional role:
Entrepreneur: Here, leaders need to have capabilities to undertake necessary innovation
and risk to evolve new & advance products.
Disturbance handler: Under this, leaders are responsible to handle adverse situational
arise at work place in an efficient manner.
M1) Analyse difference between roles and functions of managers with suitable theories
There are several theories such as management by objectives, behavioural theories are
used by managers of respective company to operate business successfully. They are responsible
to prepare appropriate plans and policies to run organisation in better manner. For this, they keep
proper control over resources. Whereas leaders of Sainsbury also undertake different leadership
styles to influence employees within company. Further, they coordinate, communicate with
subordinates to keep to resolve their issues on timely basis.
TASK 2
P2) Discuss the applications of role of leader and functions of managers in context of different
situational context
Managers and leaders both are crucial part of an organisation as they are responsible to
handle various situations occurs at work place in proper manner with their expertise and
knowledge (Grisales-Noreña, Montoya and Ramos-Paja, 2020). Here, performance of employees
are influenced by guidance of both managers as well as leaders. In this regards, some crucial

situations that may occur at work place and roles of leaders and managers implied in those
circumstances are mentioned below:
SITUATION 1: PRODUCT LAUNCH
Presently, Sainsbury is looking forward to introduce a new product in market place in
order to enhance its customer base. Managers of entity are producing organic products to meet
with the recent trends and requirements of consumers. For this, they carry out extensive market
research in order to develop innovative and unique goods to sustain at market for longer run.
Role of leaders:
In this, role of leader is to developing effective strategies, visions for team so that they
get a proper direction to work (Guo, 2016). They also inspire human resources to enhance their
morale throughout the process. Here, leaders are also responsible to provide necessary
information to employees in terms of goals, objectives of company to keep them updated and get
necessary support to launch a new product.
Functions of Managers
In this reference, managers are responsible to prepare effective strategies to achieve
predefined goals. In addition, they also allocate the work to employees as per their skills and
knowledge in order to keep them motivated and make effective use of available resources.
Managers also assign task to human resources related to launch of new product. They are
responsible to place right person at right place in order to keep them motivated and make the
launch a success.
SITUATION 2: CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
There are ample of employees belong from different background, culture work together
within organisation (Gupta, Yan and Jain, 2019). Thus, there are higher possibilities to arise
conflicts at work place because different persons may have different prospective on a particular
concept. It is analysed that Sainsbury is a global brand, here employees come from different
backgrounds work together that may arise conflicts and ambiguity within company.
Role of leaders:
Here, role of leader is to communicate with work force on timely basis in order to resolve
their issues and maintain effective coordination at work place. In addition, leaders also need to

ceratin steps such as formulation of informal groups so that employees get a chance to know
each other. This practice is essential to minimize ambiguity among human resources and attain
predefined objectives. Further, leaders need to adopt such an effective organisational structure
that facilitate better communication between superiors and subordinates within entity. They need
to have empathy in order to understand problems faced by staff and provide appropriate solutions
(Johnstone, 2016).
Functions of Managers:
Managers of Sainsbury are required to understand various situations arises during work
and act accordingly to minimize internal conflicts and disputes. Here managers are required to
collect necessary information and data to provide proper solution of various problems arise
during work. They need to maintain better relationship with subordinates and try to maintain
such kind of environment at work place where employees can interact with each other in best
possible way. In addition, it is the role of managers to keep proper control over activities of
employees to achieve predefined objectives.
Stable situation: In this, organisation work as per predefined manner and avoid new &
evolve practices. Here, managers generally avoid changes and stick with predefined ways of
work.
Slow to moderate: Here, companies adopt changes but gradually. Managers understand
the importance of change and adopt it as per requirement.
Fast changing situational: In this situation, unique as well as innovate approaches are
adopted by organisation to provide better products and services to customers. It helps to provide
higher competitive edge to organisation.
It is analysed that Sainsbury is working in fast changing environment where it adopts
advance techniques such as automation, digital approaches to survive at market place for longer
run. There are several changes has been made in current government policies, tax regime and
many more. In UK, Brexit has bring several changes. In addition, customers expectation, their
buying behaviour is also getting change. Now, they prefer to shop online rather from physical
stores. For this, Sainsbury execute necessary changes in its existing policies and approaches to
operate effectively.
There are several internal elements such as expectation of employees, their behaviour,
financial situational, marketing strategies and more. It is analysed that Sainsbury has been

adopted several changes in its existing marketing plan. Now, managers more rely on digital
marketing practices rather traditional approaches to attract more number of customers. In Stable
situation: In this, organisation work as per predefined manner and avoid new & evolve practices.
Here, managers generally avoid changes and stick with predefined ways of work.
Slow to moderate: Here, companies adopt changes but gradually. Managers understand
the importance of change and adopt it as per requirement.
Fast changing situational: In this situation, unique as well as innovate approaches are
adopted by organisation to provide better products and services to customers. It helps to provide
higher competitive edge to organisation.
It is analysed that Sainsbury is working in fast changing environment where it adopts
advance techniques such as automation, digital approaches to survive at market place for longer
run. There are several changes has been made in current government policies, tax regime and
many more. In UK, Brexit has bring several changes. In addition, customers expectation, their
buying behaviour is also getting change. Now, they prefer to shop online rather from physical
stores. For this, Sainsbury execute necessary changes in its existing policies and approaches to
operate effectively.
There are several internal elements such as expectation of employees, their behaviour,
financial situational, marketing strategies and more. It is analysed that Sainsbury has been
adopted several changes in its existing marketing plan. Now, managers more rely on digital
marketing practices rather traditional approaches to attract more number of customers. In
addition, due to current pandemic situation sales of entity has been also declined which affects its
financial position. Therefore, managers need to make necessary changes in their current policies
in order to survive at market place for long duration.
Impact of changes of organisational function:
Planning: Here, company need to make effective strategies and plans to operate business
in fast changing environment.
Organising: In this, managers are need to divide the work between employees in a
specific manner and allocate resources effectively to attain predefined goals.
Controlling: In this, managers need to keep proper control over the activities and
functions of human resources to operate business in highly changing environment. It is a time
taking process.

P3) Discuss theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems
leadership and contingency
Leaders are crucial part of an organisation and play an important role in overall
development and success of company. They tend to lead, guide and motivate employees to
enhance their productivity and efficiency. Here several theories are developed that are helpful for
leaders and assist them to maintain effective relationship with subordinates. In context of
respective entity , some are given as under:
Situational leadership theory:
In organisations, different situations are arise which need to manage effectively by
providing proper direction to employees so that they can perform assigned task in better manner.
In this, leaders prepare strategies to deal with uncertain and contingent situation which may arise
at work place (Konstantinopoulos and et.al., 2018). Here a significant leadership style such as
Heresy-Blanchard are opt to manage human resources efficiently. Under this, leaders are allowed
to act and take instant decisions to handle different situations arise at work place. It provides
huge flexibility to leaders to enhance the productivity and efficiency of work force in order to
attain organisational goals. Further as per this framework, four crucial styles of leadership are
adopted by leaders of Sainsbury to deal with situation. These are mentioned below:

Telling and Directing: It shows proper guidance and support from leaders by monitoring
the work of employees within company. With this, leaders of Sainsbury provide appropiate
training to new employees who recently joined the company by making closely supervising and
monitoring their work. It helps to provide clarity to work force in terms of their job roles and
responsibilities (Lee, 2018).
Participating and Supportive: Under this, leaders motivate subordinates to take part in
organisational activities. It is essential to get support of human resources and enhance their
engagement in business operations. In this regard, leaders of Sainsbury opt above style to
maintain positive environment at work place.
Delegating: Here, necessary authorities is given to subordinates to perform assigned task.
Leasers transfer the authority of work to employees enhance their capabilities and potential and

improve overall decision-making process of company. In context of Sainsbury, leaders of entity
do not opt delegation as it provides complete authority to subordinates which can misused by
them.
System leadership theory:
As per Ludwig von Bertalanffy, system theory is define that system is a complicated
variable and they are open to and communicate with their environment. As per this, human
behaviour is self regulated that need to be correct by self assessment and feedbacks. It states that
there are inputs are provided by human beings after analysing their performance. In case of
Sainsbury, managers apply this theory in which subordinates monitor their own work and make
plans as p[er that. It helps in effective planning, organizing and controlling within company as
work force make necessary improvements on their own. It refers to undertake appropriate actions
in order to manage various projects in more systematic and effective manner. It is essential to
manage better performance of employees throughout project life cycle. Leaders of Sainsbury
adopt this theory by monitoring external environment and market condition to guide and
motivate staff members in an appropriate manner (Lee and Tang, 2018). Here, systematic
leadership style are helpful to manage available resources such as funds, employees effectively
to achieve desired goals. With this, leaders of company are able to complete various business
activities, task ,projects in cost effective manner that minimize cost and enhance profit margin.
In addition, it also enhances the engagement of employees in organisational task that is essential
to attain predefined goals in stipulated period of time. Further, with this, entity is able to make
further modifications in existing strategies in order to enhance its market share and profitability.
Contingency leadership theory:
In organisation, several contingency and uncertainties may arise at work place that are
required to handle in better way. It is essential to formulate effective strategies to face
uncertainties and grab the opportunities of success and growth. Here, Fiedler's contingency
model is used by leaders of Sainsbury to enhance the efficiency of employees and use their skills
as well as knowledge to achieve desired goals. As per this, there are no proper way for leaders to
guide human resources thus they need to as per situation arise at work place. Leaders need to
adopt effective strategies to deal with situations in better manner, This is essential to receive
positive outcomes and to make better use of available resources within entity.

M2) Asses the strengths and weakness of difference approaches to situations within work
environment
It is analysed that there are different situations may occur at work place that need to be handle by
mangers and leaders in effective manner (Lockwood and Euler, 2016). Here, several approaches
such as situational, systematic are applied by leaders to guide as well as lead employees
effectively at work place. Each approach has its own drawbacks and benefits that need to
monitor before select a suitable approach . For instance situational approach consist ample of
uncertainties but essential to handle situation in better manner. Whereas systematic method helps
to undertake whole project effectively but it needs a lot of time and cost.
D1) Analyse and evaluate different approaches and theories of leadership in given context
There are various theories are used by leaders in order to guide and motivate human
resources to achieve set objectives. Leaders of Sainsbury undertake various theories such as
situational, contingency and many more. Situational theory focuses to formulate proper plans and
strategies to deal with various situations effectively that occur at work place. Further, to make
proper use of available resourced and complete the project in systematic manner, Systematic
theory is applied by leaders. Here, another theory is contingency that emphasis to deal with
uncertainties and contingencies in an appropriate way. As per this, future is uncertain thus
leaders need to adopt to be proactive to face contingency in best possible way and minimize their
impact over business performance. Therefore, leader need to adopt most appropriate theory that
is beneficial to enhance productivity of human resources. Each and every theory has its own
significance thus leaders are required to make apply suitable theory as per organisational
situations to achieve predefined objectives.
TASK 3
P4) Discuss the key approaches of operations management along with the role of managers and
leaders
Operations management is a crucial function that is performed to enhance overall
efficiency and production of company (Meredith and Shafer, 2019). It refers to conversion of
raw material into finish goods to fulfil the demand arise at market place at right time. There are
several methods of operations management which are used to improve overall performance and

productivity of organisation ensure long term sustainability. In context of sainsbury, it is a global
brand that owns large chain of retail outlets across the globe thus it adopts ample of practices to
manage operations of entity in an efficient manner. Some of them are mentioned below:
Total Quality Management:
It refers to an approach that is used to maintain quality of products and services offered
by company to provide higher satisfaction to customers. Here, quality of products are managed
throughout the production process. In context of respective entity, it adopts TQM methods to
provide higher standardised products to consumers.
Role of managers
Here the role of mangers is to adopt effective strategies in order to maintain as well as
improve the quality of products offered by company.
Role of leaders:
For this, leaders keep proper control over production process and task assigned to work
force to produce higher quality products. They adopt appropriate techniques to minimize the
wastage and manage whole manufacturing process in best possible way (Rendon and Snider,
2019).
Just-in-time:
This methods is consider more suitable for those companies who aim to improve their
production process by eliminating additional cost. In this, organisations keep proper control over
their inputs and outputs during whole manufacturing process. It is useful to improve efficiency of
organisation by minimizing wastages and unnecessary activities. Further, it also helps to
minimize cost of production and enhance overall productivity and profitability of entity.
Sainsbury uses this approach in order to maintain higher operational efficiency by reducing
waste and unappropriated activities from overall production process.
Role of managers:
In this regards, the role of managers is to guide staff members and monitor their
performance on timely basis in order to produce quality products to gain competitive edge.They
also responsible to make appropriate strategies and communicate it with subordinates so that
they get to know about organisational goals and objectives and work to achieve it.

Role of leaders
For this, leaders use skills and knowledge of employees and encourage them to come up
with more innovative approaches to manage higher efficiency and productivity.
Kaizen:
This methods is used to make continuous improvements in the production process in
order to produce higher quality products (Sabbaghtorkan, Batta and He, 2020). Here, managers
prepare appropriate strategies and evaluate the whole production process on continuously basis
to make further modifications. Although it is an essential practice but it is takes a lot of time to
measure whole process of production. In context of Sainsbury, managers keep proper control
over manufacturing process and undertake necessary improvements to provide quality goods to
customers.
Role of managers:
Here role of mangers is to keep proper control over the activities of employees and guide
them to make further improvements. For this, they also arrange appropriate training and
development programs to improve efficiency of work force.
Role of leaders:
Here, leaders also need to motivate human resources on timely basis so that they come
with more innovative approaches of production.
Lean production: It is a process which is adopted to produce quality products and services
by minimizing wastage. It is essential to provide quality goods and services to end users.
Role of managers:
Here managers are responsible to keep proper control over the activities of employees
and provide them necessary assistance.
Role of leaders:
In this, role of leaders is to communicate with subordinates on regular basis and monitor
their activities in order to minimize deficiencies and produce quality products.
P5) Explain significance and values of operations management in achieving business objectives.
Operation management is a part of management in a business organisation and it became
essential for firm because it includes various functions and operations in entity and it is the

responsibility of operation manger to carry out function in effective manner for growth and
development of company.
Five main objective of any firm are as follows:
Survival: The essential objective of any firm is survival. Entities of company need
attempt to assure that continuation of business. As well as for survival, a company need to gain
enough funds in order to meet with the cost that would be incurred.
Increasing sale: For earning profit it is vital to accomplish this goal. And for that they
need to produces goods according to needs of consumers. If they get satisfaction then only they
will able to increase the sales of company.
Growth: A company needs to add to its chances, in long run and fie this it is important
concern for development. To prevail n business management need to utilise adequately growth
potential of firm.
Maximizing profit: Poor survival is not enough for company. Entities of company need
to make sure that they are earning profit. It contributes a necessary catalyst for sustainability and
successful performance of company. It became crucial for meeting costs & uncertainties of
business concerns.
Satisfying consumers: In order to attain all above mentioned objective the most import
objective is to satisfy the consumers by providing product or services according to their
requirements. Then only management will able to accomplish their all goal.
In relevance to selected firm some of the operation techniques are executed and that are
mentioned below:
Control system- This refers to a system which provides desired amount of response by
controlling outputs. For instance if a company wish to produces 10 tons/ per day product then
with the help of control system they will able to full fill this goal.
Distribution system: It is a management system within the logistics that focuses on
order fulfilment by distribution channels. It can be agents origin that product move from from
place to point of origin to consumers.
Production: Sainsbury is largest supermarket that offers their own food products in their
own stores. For this mangers of company needs to manage the quality and efficiency by
eliminating the wastage and by products.

Process Design: It refers to an act that transfers vision, mission, and goal of company
into discernible, measurable means of achieving. This mainly focuses on defining what company
will do to attain its financial and other objectives.
Capacity management: It refers to an act that ensures that a business unit can maximizes
its potential, capabilities & productions output at all time and under all conditions. Firm need to
remain agile sufficient to constantly meet the expectations in cost-effective manner.
Logistics: It refers to movement of goods from point of origin to point of consumptions
for meeting some requirements.
Inventory management: Aim of inventory management is to balance the cost of
ordering and storing material with the cost of not having that material available when it is
required. It is combined form of sales, accounting and operation management.
Scheduling – It is a process of arranging, controlling and optimizing the work as well as
workload in production process. This is carries out for maximizing the production and reduincing
time.
Marketing: In this chosen firm needs to adhere word of mouth in between peoples and
society for increasing awareness about products and services. This will develops effective
marketing plan and aids manger to effectively market their products.
Sales: It considered the sales function that is performed by addressing the profitability for
earning higher revenues in order to engage individuals in activities of selling and that tends to
make good sales in their stores (Shyamal and Swartz, 2019).
Significance and importance of operation management for Sainsbury's:
Enhanced quality of product and operational efficiency: In context of chosen firm, their
operational techniques are quite high level that produces a good level quality products along with
better productivity. Along with this they produces in bulk which reduces the overall cost of
production and increases the profit margin of company. By which they will able to accomplish
their goals of increased productivity.
Cost reduction: The spectacular advantage that gain by Sainsbury organisation is cost
reduction with the assistance of some operational management tool like JIT and TQM. Sainsbury
as a lost leader offers them opportunity to offer products al lower cost without minimizing the
quality of products to their consumers with the aim of achieving competitive edge within same

industry. For the development of company it become vital to effectively use the operational
management tool.
Consumer satisfaction: In order to satisfied the requirements and demands of consumer,
it is important for operation department to manufacturing the trendy and preferred goods of
buyers. This will aids company in maintaining the goodwill of company at marketplace. In
relevance to selected company, they always manufactured demanded & valuable products for
their users as it can be seen from the image of company as it is well established at marketplace.
Increased sales: With the assistance of operation management company will able to
increase its sales ration by conducting a effective research and development related to required
field and new technologies. This will provides benefits in terms of extracting the opportunities
related to sales. Further, it helps in increasing the capability of entity to gain competitive edge at
market.
Hence, from above specified points it has been assessed that operation management is
necessary competent of business organisation and for this company needs to carried out in
effective manner. In relevance to this it is important to use operation mangement in correct
manner so that common objective will attained.
M3 Measure how leaders and mangers can improve the efficiency of operational management
for attaining business objective
Effective growth and the development of company relies on various factors and all these
are selected by manger and leaders of company in which the most effective and suitable factors
are total quality management, just in time, lean production and kaizen. With the assistance of all
these approaches of operation management, leaders and managers of firm will able to improve
the efficiency of operation for accomplishment of organisational goal. As all these method assist
in reducing the inventory and increased the efficiency level at higher scale so with this overall
efficiency of company will be increased as well as it increase improve the quality of work by
increasing reliability. Further it reduces the wastage of material by using appropriate resources.
Hence all these are the examples of improvement of operational management.

TASK 4
P6 Examine the factors within business environment that affects operational management and
decision making by managers and leaders.
Business environments consist both external and internal environment of company by
addressing that these factors possess power to influence operation along with decision of
corporation. In context of this, mangers and leaders of company need to align their decision with
business surrounding relating to effective implementation of growth of company (Slack and
Brandon-Jones, 2018). In which some internal and external factors that can influence the
operation of company and decision making of leaders and mangers in context of chosen firm are
as follows:
Stakeholders: These are those individual who possess power to affects the functions and
operations of selected firm. In relevance to this the major stakeholders of Sainsbury company are
their stakeholders in terms of satisfying their needs as well as the manger sand leaders of
company in terms of opting practices like JIT and TQM for making cost effective strategies in
order to offer goods at lower prices without compromising the quality of products.
Sustainability: This factors is also considered as a influencing factors for decision
making of management because the new trends of market attract huge number of consumers for
sustainability of goods as well as for concerning the products that creates a suitable approach.
Henceforth, the selected firm needs to follow some prominent phenomena which can be satisfied
by the mangers and leaders of company in relation to cost saving and for reducing the concerning
techniques like JIT, TQM, Lean production and Kaizen.
Culture and values: This tends to beliefs, behaviour, social and ethics of an individual
along with employees of company who are performing task for business organisation. So it is the
duty of mangers and leaders of chosen firm to work and make effective decision by considering
the cultural environment of enterprise. This will permits to develop synergy for firm and creates
healthy as well as positive environment for workforce.
So from above discussed points it has been analysed that it become essential for all
organisation to assess all these internal and external factors that puts impacts on business
operations and decision of firm. In order to overcome this influence company can use some
policies and strategies like CSR, environments protection, satisfaction of consumers and many
more (Wamba and Queiroz, 2020).

M4 ) Assess how these different factors affects the business environment and wider
communities.
There are many factors within or outside of company that can influence the operational
management and decision making that is taken by the mangers and leaders of company. And it is
vital for them to analyse all these factor for smooth running of business operations. Further, it
has been found that the most effective factors that put impacts are stakeholders, culture &values
along with sustainability. In relevance to chosen firm, they are operating their business in a
competitive environment, in order to gain that advantage mangers of company can adhere CSR
activities. By this company will able to achieve growth and development with effective
executions.
D2) Evaluate the applications of operations management along with the factors that impact
business environment
There are several approaches of operations management such as total quality
management, Just in time, Kaizen which are used by managers of Sainsbury in order to minimize
overall production cost and inflate profit margin of organisation. These approaches are crucial to
manage and control of quality of products and services being offered by entity. It is also helpful
to provide higher satisfaction to consumers to get an edge over other competitors such as
TESCO, ASDA and more. In addition, there are several internal as well as external factors that
put higher impact over business performance.

CONCLUSION
Out of above discussion, it is monitored that there are several functions are performed by
managers and leaders to manage various business operations effectively. Here, leaders and
managers both are the key persons and have the capabilities to manage business functions in
appropriate way to achieve predefined objectives. Discussion has been carried out theories of
management as well as leadership that are essential to maintain positive environment at work
place. There are different approaches of leadership such as situational, contingency and more
which are adopted by leaders to handle different situations in best possible manner that arise at
work place. In addition, operations management are crucial to provide standardised products and
services to customers so that they remain with company for a longer period of time. Moreover
different techniques are used by managers and leaders in order to operate business effectively.

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