Unit 6 - Managing a Successful Business Projects

Unit 6 - Managing a Successful
Business Project

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1 ...............................................................................................................................................3
Aim, objective and background ............................................................................................3
Project management plan ......................................................................................................4
Gantt chart and work breakdown structure ...........................................................................6
LO2..................................................................................................................................................9
Research methodology ..........................................................................................................9
LO3................................................................................................................................................12
Data Analysis and interpretation ........................................................................................12
LO4................................................................................................................................................21
Recommendation and conclusion.........................................................................................21
Reflection.............................................................................................................................22
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................23
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................24

INTRODUCTION
Equality can be defined as treating each and every employee of the company fairly based
on gender, caste, disability, religion or age. It means providing equal opportunities, pay to each
employee working (Nicholas and Steyn, 2017). Present study based on British Airways. It is a
flag carrier airline of the United Kingdom whose headquarter is located at Waterside,
Harmondsworth. This research will highlight project management plan that help in evaluating
different aspect that help in completion of project on time and work breakdown structure. It also
emphasized on research methods that help in carry out an investigation. Furthermore, it includes
collection of data through questionnaire and its analysis will be done for getting desired results
for conducting further research.
LO1
Aim, objective and background
Background
Equality and diversity plays an important role in British Airways for gaining competitive
advantage in this modern era. Every company aims to implement innovative ideas and concepts
and providing different range of products and services to customers. For maintaining equality at
the workplace very organization have to create inclusive culture for employees. It will make sure
that equal opportunities is being provided to employees so that they will participate in different
activities of the company. Therefore, present report help in gaining understanding of equality and
diversity and its impact on culture of the organization.
Present report based upon British Airways that is providing flag carrier services to
customers. It is the second largest airline in the United Kingdom based on passengers and fleet
size (British Airways PLC, 2018). It is the world's third largest airline group in terms of annual
revenue. It is also listed under London Stock Exchange.
Aim:- To assess strategies that can be undertaken for ensuring equality and diversity at
workplace in the context of aviation sector: A study on British Airways
Objectives
 To develop understanding about the concepts of equality and diversity
 To assess the significance of equality and diversity with regards to British Airways.
 To identify ways for managing equality and diversity within British Airways.

 To recommend competent framework to British Airways in relation to managing equality
and diversity within business unit.
Project management plan
Project management plan is a document that will be prepared by researcher for
completing project on a given timeline (Bass and Haxby, 2019). It is used by researcher for
doing effective study and breaking down work into different task so that it become helpful for
completing this on given time period and delivering the best result to customers. The main
purpose of project management plan is to identify various outcomes from the study. There are
several aspects that will be included into it such as cost, scope, quality, resources,
communication, risk, time etc.
Cost:- Cost means amount that is invested on doing expense that will be occurred for the
purpose of achieving objective of the researcher. While conducting this research there are several
expenses that occurred by researcher and British Airways. Expenses that incurred by researcher
include printing cost, cost of doing survey through questionnaire and cost of obtaining data.
Researcher cost table
Particulars Expenses ( in Pounds )
Stationary £100
Data Collection £200.00
Printing Cost £150.00
Questionnaire development £300.00
Total £750.00
Company cost table
Particulars Expenses ( in Pounds )
Investment £ 100
Expertise £ 150

Cost of Research and development £ 400
Employee Training £ 250
Total £ 900
Scope:- It is defined as an aspect that will be expanded for gaining various perspective in
the future regarding conducting this research. From point of view of researcher scope of this
project is to provide equal opportunity to employees at working place. There scope is to analyse
significance of equality and diversity in the organization for future course of action. Different
ways can be identified by British Airways for analysing impact of diversity in the company.
Risk:- It refers to uncertain event or condition that will be occurred by doing research
and provide positive or negative effect on objectives of project. The risk is with technological
problems and lower labour cost.
Time:- It refers to time period that will be needed for achieving objective of the
researcher. (Pramanik, Mondal and Haldar, 2019). Researcher will require 8 weeks for
completing this study and British airways need 7 weeks for identifying significance of equality
and diversity in the company for the future.
Quality:- It is a process of determining policies and procedures that will be used by
researcher for maintaining consistent quality while completing project. Different tools that is
used for maintaining quality such as benchmarking that set by researcher for performing
effective study in the future. Quality data is being collected by researcher so that it help in
providing effective results to researcher.
Communication:- In this, different tools will be used by researcher such as email,
schedule for communicating with other people while doing research. For the purpose of doing
research effective communication enhanced that help in meeting objective of the company.
Stakeholders of British airways conducting this research for enhancing equality and diversity in
the organization. Effective communication can be enhanced by providing proper tools so that
there is no gap remain for enhancing research for the future. Here is select verbal and written
communication channels.
Resources:- It includes money, place, equipment that will needed for doing activities that
are planned by researcher for doing effective project. Different resources that used for

conducting this research such as human resource, financial resource etc. (Baumann and et. al.,
2015). that help in providing effective results from the research that is conducted by researcher.
This help in enhancing completion of project on time. On the other hand, British Airways make
effective use of resource so that provide effective results.
Gantt chart and work breakdown structure
Work breakdown Structure
It is a term that will be used for breaking down different task by managing various
perspective of the project. By adopting this help in completing project on specific time. Project
manager have to divide all task into different segments that provide effective completion of
project on given timeline.

Gantt chart
It is a horizontal chart that is developed by Henry L. in 1917 that is used for planning
activities that will be performed while conducting research. It provides graphical illustration of a
schedule that provide understanding of coordinating specific tasks that have to be completed
while doing project. It consists of two columns as on horizontal side time period is shown while
on vertical side task explained that help in conducting research.

LO2
Research methodology
It is a process of collecting or gathering data and information that needed for taking
decision in the company. On the other hand, it is a technique that will adopted for assembling
data and effective tools that used for gaining desired results for the future. Information gathered
from different sources that help in evaluating various aspect for conducting research and doing
analyses of data for the future result (Badewi and Shehab, 2016). It can be written in certain
format that include restating of problem, establishing methodological approach, collecting data,
providing methods and then sources will be evaluated through which data is being collected. It

consists of different methods such as research type, design, philosophy, approach, data
collection, sampling and data analysis.
Research Type:- It consists of two types such as quantitative and qualitative. Qualitative
research deals with emotions, feelings that provide nature of information that will collected by
researcher. This do not involve any numeric data and information. In contrast, quantitative
include numeric data that can be expressed in terms of numbers so it provides effective results to
researcher. In this researcher used qualitative aspect for collecting data and information for
analysing data for gaining desired results for the future. This type of research method helps in
evaluating various aspects that help in fulfilling changes that made for doing effective research.
For getting better results in the future, effective method will be used for conducting effective
research by researcher. Quantitative research provides effective results that help in providing
effective change in researcher effectiveness. This help in evaluating changes that made in
research for conducting systematic samples in research. In this data that is being collected is
well-designed and provide results to researcher. In this formal and flexible hypotheses is
provided for conducting change in gaining desired results from this method. For the current
research, researcher is select qualitative research for conducting effective result of work.
Research Philosophy:- It is a belief that provide way for collecting data and then
analysed it for the future course of action. In this data that provided evaluate different changes
that enhance business operations. There are various aspects that will be involved in providing
changes and provide data that is useful for the researcher. These are of two types positivism and
interpretivism. Positivism include highly structured and providing large samples that help in
gaining better results while conducting this research. In this data will measure by using both
quantitative and qualitative. On the other hand, interpretivism provide small sample and a depth
study will be done for getting effective results from research. This provides changes that evaluate
different aspect and gaining research evaluation for conducting effective study while doing this
research for analysing changes and providing it for the future (Kasuma and et. al., 2017). In this
researcher used Interpretive approach that help in providing effective samples to researcher and
enhance business for the future. Researcher is conducting effective research that evaluate
changes in working aspects and conducting effective study for analysing various aspect of it.
Research Design:- Research design is the framework which is selected by researcher to
combine various components of research. There are two types of research designs; exploratory

and descriptive. Exploratory research define problem of the researcher that is not clearly
mentioned that evaluate changes and provide effective use of resources while conducting
research. It helps in determining various methods that enhance operations that provide
improvement in research design. This help in evaluating changes that affected various designing
concept that followed effective change in gaining perspective for evaluating this research. In
contrary, descriptive research design emphasize on providing solution to problem that will not be
defined in exploratory design for gaining effective result from that research. In this, researcher
used descriptive design for conducting further study (Pellegrinelli Murray-Webster and Turner,
2015). This help in providing effective results for enhancing research and maintaining equality
and diversity for getting desired results while conducting effective research for the future. It is
important for enhancing business that evaluate various aspects for providing changes that
enhance researcher study.
Research Approach:- It is a plan and procedure that consist of different steps and
provide broad assumption for getting desired results for the future. It helps in evaluating various
methods that will be analysed from different data collection as it is provided for changing aspects
and gaining various interpretation that enhance further research and gaining effective results.
There are two techniques that involved in it as inductive and deductive (Flick, 2015). In
inductive approach conclusions will be generated by providing specific premises that enhance
business for conducting various approach. This help in generating results that enable business for
generating conclusions from specific research that enhance research objective and evaluate
different aspect of research. On the other hand, deductive research provides true conclusions that
help in evaluating changes that made for evaluating various perspective for drawing conclusion
from different aspects that enhance researcher study. For the current research, researcher is select
inductive research approach for best result of work. .
Data Collection:- It is the method of gathering, measuring and collecting information
from different sources that help in taking decision for the future. It consists of two techniques
primary and secondary collection method (Aithal, 2017). Primary method provides raw data and
information that is being collected is first hand as it is collected by researcher itself without use
of any sources. In contrast, Secondary collection method provide second hand information and it
is available in refined form. In this, researcher use primary method by conducting survey through
questionnaire for conducting effective results in the future. Data that is gathered through primary

sources provide crude information that not be used directly for doing further study. This
emphasizes more on data that is real and cannot be taken from other sources.
Sampling:- It is the process of collecting sample from a group of population that help in
evaluating desired results for the future. There are two types of sampling probabilistic and non-
probabilistic. Probabilistic sampling defined as each and every element is getting equal chance of
being selected from a given population (Dumay and Cai, 2015). In contrary, non-probabilistic
sampling each and every element do not get equal chance of getting selected from given
population. There are four types of probabilistic techniques that include simple random,
stratified, systematic and cluster sampling. On the other hand, non-probabilistic sampling include
quota, convenience, purposive, cluster and snowball sampling. In this, researcher used random
sampling technique under probabilistic sampling for further doing research for the future. A
sample of 20 employees is taken for doing further analysis in this research.
Data Analysis:- It is the process of analysing data and information that will be collected
by researcher for evaluating different techniques by the researcher. In this researcher used
thematic analysis that mainly focuses on themes and patterns that will be used for doing further
study.
Ethical Consideration:- In this several aspects are consider while doing research in
business as proper protection is being provided to data and information so that it lead to provide
effective use of resources in the company. Confidentiality will be maintained by researcher for
protecting data from going out from the research. It is important for taking into account that
research that will be conducted help in analysing objective for continuing this research in the
future (Fletcher, 2017). Data and information is collected from different source that help in
enhancing various aspects that create differences in gaining perspective for fulfilling changes and
providing interest in conducting effective study for evaluating changes that influence further
research. Honesty and transparency will be maintained for doing further study.
LO3
Data Analysis and interpretation
Data analysis refers to the term that include collection, gathering and monitoring of data
and information that is collected by researcher for conducting effective study.
Questionnaire

Name
Post
Age
1. Do you have knowledge of equality and diversity concept?
a) Yes
b) No
2. Do you think equality and diversity plays an important role in the organization?
a) Yes
b) No
3. Do you think company provided training on how to deal with equality and diversity issues in
business?
a) Yes
b) No
4. Do you have effective policies or procedures followed by the company for resolving issues of
equality and diversity?
a) Yes
b) No
5. Do you think British airways take initiative for making progress in enhancing diversity in the
company?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Neutral
d) Strongly disagree
e) Disagree
6. Do you think equality and diversity enhance employee retention in the company?
a) Yes
b) No
7. From the following strategies which one is the best technique suitable for managing diversity
in British airways?
a)Strongly agree

b) Agree
c)Neutral
d) Strongly disagree
e) Disagree
8. What is the impact of maintaining equality and diversity at the workplace?
a) Positive
b) Negative
Theme 1:- Concept of equality and diversity
Q.1. Do you have knowledge of equality and diversity concept? Frequency
Yes 15
No 5
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Interpretation:- From the above graph it can be interpreted that 15 out of 20 respondents
were said that they are aware about the concept of equality and diversity in the company. This
concept helps in reducing employee turnover and enhancing productivity for the future. It is
important for maintaining this concept as employees are giving equal opportunities that help in
developing different aspect and enhancing company's operation. On the other hand, 5 out of 20
respondents were not known about concept of equality and diversity. This lead to create

differences among employees that are working in British airways. Therefore, majority of
respondents aware about this concept that enhance business in the future.
Theme 2:- Role of equality and diversity at workplace
Q.2. Do you think equality and diversity plays an important role in the
organization?
Frequency
Yes 16
No 4
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Frequency
Interpretation:- It can be interpreted that 16 out of 20 candidates were in favour of the
statement that equality and diversity plays an important role in the company for enhancing
business. It plays a crucial role that help in improving operations as well as different segments
that create various changes and evaluating various aspect for the future. Equality enhance equal
treatment of employees so that they feel secure and safe and doing work effectively for providing
various aspects in business. There are different approaches that will be providing efficient
challenges that enhance operations and evaluating equality and creating effective management. 4
out of 20 were not agree with the statement.
Theme 3:-Training for dealing with equality and diversity issue

Q.3. Do you think company provided training on how to deal with equality and
diversity issues in business?
Frequency
Yes 14
No 6
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Frequency
Interpretation:- From the above graph it can be evaluated that 14 out of 20 answered that
effective training is being provided to them that help in dealing with issues that come arises from
equality and diversity concept. This help in providing changes in the business as equality
enhance doing work equally and provide changes that affect business operations. There are
various aspects that lead to emphasize on effective strategies that will be followed for improving
equality in business. 6 out of 20 answered that proper training is not provided to employees as
discrimination will be done as providing training to those only that are more efficient so this will
not be able to solve issue in the company.
Theme 4:- Policies and procedures for resolving issues of equality and diversity

Q.4. Do you have effective policies or procedures followed by the company
for resolving issues of equality and diversity?
Frequency
Yes 11
No 9
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Frequency
Interpretation:- From the above chart it can be interpreted that 11 out of 20 were said
that effective policies and procedures were adopted British Airways for enhancing productivity
as well as profitability in the future. As if certain policies will be implemented then it provides
positive impact on employees for maintaining equality between each other. 9 out of 20 were said
there are no policies and procedures will be implemented by the company for enhancing equality
and diversity.
Theme 5:-British airways take initiative for making progress in enhancing diversity in the
company
Q.5. Do you think British airways take initiative for making progress in
enhancing diversity in the company?
Frequency
Strongly agree 10

Agree 2
Neutral 2
Strongly disagree 4
Disagree 2
Strongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Strongly disagree
Disagree
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Frequency
Interpretation:- From the above graph it can be concluded that 10 out of 20 candidates
were strongly agreed with the statement that British airways taking initiative for making progress
in enhancing diversity in the company. 2 out of 20 candidates were agreed with this and similarly
2 were said neutral. 4 out of 20 candidates were strongly disagreed with this and 2 out of 20
candidates were disagreed with statement that British airways do not take initiative for making
progress in enhancing diversity.
Theme 6:- Equality and diversity enhance employee retention
Q.6. Do you think equality and diversity enhance employee retention in the
company?
Frequency
Yes 16
No 4

Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Interpretation:- From the above graph it can be interpreted that 16 out of 20 respondents
were in the favour of statement that equality and diversity enhance employee retention in the
company. On the other hand, 4 out of 20 respondents were not agreed that this statement is
correct.
Theme 7:- Strategy that is the best suitable for managing diversity
Q.7. From the following strategies which one is the best technique suitable for
managing diversity in British airways?
Frequency
Treating each employee equal 11
Encouraging employee to work in groups 4
Prioritizing communication 3
Encouraging open mindedness 2

Treating each employee equal
Encouraging employee to work
in groups
Prioritizing communication
Open minded
Interpretation:- From the above chart, it can be interpreted that 11 out of 20 candidates
are said that treating employee equally is the best technique that is suitable for managing
diversity in British Airways. 4 out of 20 candidates were in favour that encouraging employee to
work in group is best approach. 3 out of 20 candidates were said that prioritizing communication
is the best technique for enhancing business operations. 2 out of 20 candidates were said open-
minded approach is the best suitable for managing diversity in the workplace.
Theme 8:- Impact of maintaining equality and diversity at the workplace
Q.8. What is the impact of maintaining equality and diversity at the
workplace?
Frequency
Positive 16
Negative 4

Positive Negative
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Frequency
Interpretation:- From the above graph it can be interpreted that 16 out of 20 respondents
were said that equality and diversity is having positive impact on business that help in evaluating
various perspective for the future. It also enhances various changes that increase employee
retention in the company. 4 out of 20 respondents were said that it is having negative impact on
business operations as it will not create equality and employee do not work effective in the
company. This is providing various aspects that enhance changes and evaluating different
strategies for the future.
LO4
Recommendation and conclusion.
As per the above discussion here is concluded that the equality and diversity is help to
promote equality of opportunity for the all. In this section, here I recommended to British
Airways in relation to managing equality and diversity within business unit are below. Company
should share the decision-making process and decisions with employees and other staff members
for providing equality. This help to improve equality and diversity of company in effective
manner. Company should promote flexibility at workplace this help to managing work and task
in effective manner in order to manage equality and diversity within the company. This help to
meet high profit margin of company and productivity at workplace.

In order to give training to employees about equality and diversity, here is recommended
for company to encourage interaction between employees for possible growth factors and its
effectiveness. The company manager should provide facilities for effective communication. This
help to reduce difference between employees and create opportunities for employee for sharing
information and knowledge with regard to work. In context of Equality, here is recommended for
company to treat every employee equal and gives fair treatment to them in effective manner.
This help to managing equality at workplace. Equal treatment to employee are creates wonderful
opportunity for business in respect to growth of company because through the equal treatment
employee are highly motivated for work.
Reflection
At the starting of research project, here I feel demotivated with the work and task because
I think it is difficult to manage. With this project I have learned various skills and knowledge
which are important to me in my future. First, I have select the topic of research. This gives me
various information about the equability and diversity. During the research I meet with various
employees of British airways. They are so knowledgeable and provide me various thinking and
support to collecting information and data about the topic. This experience is very wonderful
because I meet with employee. Employees are very helping nature as well as they suggest me
some tips for improving myself for research and ethical behaviour which is important for me in
my future growth.
I feel very excited for research on this topic. At the time of research, I take care of ethical
behaviour with participates and respondents. I did not force to any participates for giving
information and data collection. It was my wonderful experience with my group members. My
group members are also support me for selecting and completing work and task which is allotted
by team members. This creates effective and best opportunity for me for future research project.
With the help of this, now I am ready for further research project in the future. Through, this
research company manager got different ways and strategy to promote equality and diversity. I
saw that after the servery manager felt their employees not felt equal with my behaviour, and
they think about promoting it at workplace. This helped to meet business objectives and goals in
effective manner. My selection of topic has creates good working condition at British Airways
and meet with organization objectives.

CONCLUSION
From the above study it can be concluded that for conducting effective research
researcher prepare project management plan in that project task will be divided into various
aspect that help in completing project on given timeline. Gantt chart is being prepared for
evaluating different activities that will be included for completing project. On the other hand,
work breakdown structure is also prepared that help in dividing task so that it will be completed
on time by project manager. Different research methods will be used for providing information
to researcher that help in evaluating data that will be collected by researcher for enhancing
business operations.

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Online
British Airways PLC. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.britannica.com/topic/British-Airways-PLC>