Partnership Working in Health and Social Care

This assignment delves into the world of partnership working in health and social care, examining the complexities and nuances involved. It covers various aspects, such as the importance of partnerships, factors supporting good partnership working, and the implications for governance of a systems approach. The assignment also touches on involving service users in research, social return on investment (SROI), and the impact of patient and public involvement on UK NHS healthcare. A handbook for action research in health and social care is provided, along with a discussion on social care informatics as an essential part of holistic healthcare. Finally, it references the Mental Capacity Act, highlighting its significance in this context.

WORKING IN
PARTNERSHIP

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................2
SECTION A.....................................................................................................................................3
1.1Explain the philosophy of working in partnership in Health and Social Care.......................3
1.2 Evaluate partnership relationships within health and social care services............................4
SECTION B.....................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Analyse models of partnership working across the health and social care sector.................6
2.2 Review current legislation and organisational practices and policies for partnership
working in health and social care................................................................................................8
2.3 Explain how differences in working practices and policies affect collaborative working....9
SECTION C...................................................................................................................................10
3.1 Evaluate possible outcomes of partnership working for users of services, professionals and
organisations.............................................................................................................................10
3.2 Analyse the potential barriers to partnership working in health and social care services...12
3.3 Devise strategies to improve outcomes for partnership working in health and social care
services......................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Partnership means involvement of two or more people in attaining same objectives. In
partnership, there is mutual consent to share profits, capital, loss, risk, etc. But there are
possibilities of difference in views of partners which affects working of organisation. In order to
avoid such contingencies partners must be clear related to their vision, goals and working style
(Cameron and et. al., 2014). There is a document named as partnership deed which talks about
plans and policies of partnership.
In this report there is discussion about Mr. Ian who was living independently after his
wife and son left him. After this he became physically disabled and started self- neglecting. Mr.
Ian remain drunk maximum of times and misbehave with carers.
In this report there is discussion about philosophies of working in partnership, partnership
relationship within health and social care services, models of partnership, current legislation and
organisational practices and policies, effect of working practices affecting collaboration,
outcomes of working in partnership, potential barriers to partnership, strategies to improve
outcomes from partnership firms.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report is based on Mr. Ian who has left by his son and wife. Afterwards he become
physically disabled. He become addicted of alcohol and misbehave with his care takers. There
are local authorities which deals which such people and other agencies also. In this report there is
discussion about impact of working in partnership. There are some philosophies discussed used
to working in partnership. There are three types of relationship in partnership i.e. service user
level, professional level, organisational level. There is discussion about issues which may arise
while working in partnership, measures taken to resolve such barriers. At last this talks about
actions taken to get positive results out of partnership and role of government.
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SECTION A
1.1Explain the philosophy of working in partnership in Health and Social Care
There are different philosophies used by partnership firm to achieve targets roles and
responsibilities in effective and efficient way. These philosophies help partners to maintain good
relations among them and hence partnership activities can be performed in synchronised manner.
There are mainly four components of philosophies i.e. empowerment, respect, independence and
making informed choice. As there are many situations which helps managers to perform task in
effective and efficient manner, this can be possible with the help of partnership philosophies.
Autonomy- There are some plans and policies set by partners through which goals and
targets can be achieved (Fotaki, 2011). There must be some autonomy among team mates, so
they can perform task in better way. This helps to make partnership successful through providing
better services. In case of Mr. Ian local authority long term team has less autonomy, so they refer
course to Mental Health review and Reablement to get positive results. Hence in this example
main focus of Local Authority Long term aim is to make Mr. Ian fit. This can be possible with
authority in working style. For e.g. If Firm is working to make disable people capable to perform
their task without dependency on other and earn sufficient money, then managers must target
towards it only.
Power sharing- Power sharing is other important component which helps to perform
business operations in effective manner. In case of Mr. Ian there are two staff member’s
occupational therapist and community support worker. As they are jointly working to take care
Mr. Ian so there must be equal power sharing among them, this helps managers to perform task
in appropriate way. As in partnership, there is involvement of two or more people in order to
attain goals and objectives. So there must be proper power sharing among partners. There are
different roles and responsibilities, so accordingly powers must also be delivered. For e.g. in
partnership firm power must be equally distributed among partners so time can be saved of
approval form particular person (Dickinson and O'Flynn, 2016).
Respect- Respect is also effective component which creates good environment in society.
Partnership can be run in successful manner when partners respect each other and motivate to
share ideas and thoughts. Respect to other';s thoughts helps to perform task in effective and
efficient manner. For instance, when some partners is sharing his/ her views then other partners
must not abide them by interrupting. This helps to give proper shape of partners in sharing their
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ideas freely. In case of Mr. Ian Occupational therapist and Community Support Worker working
parallel, so there must be opportunity to both to share their views in order to get positive
outcome.
1.2 Evaluate partnership relationships within health and social care services
Partnership business runs with more than one person, so they have contacts with various
parties. These parties assist in improving services of Firm. There is different level of partnership
i.e. Service user level, professional level, organisational level. These are discussed as under-
Service user level- This is the level in which individuals who avail service are included.
This is the prime reason of health and social care. At this level children, elderly, young people
are included. As per case study Mr. Ian is service user. Mr. Ian live apart from his wife and son
because of marriage broke down. He lost all contacts with them and afterwards he become
physically disabled. Due to all this he became mentally distributed (Gardiner, Gott, and
Ingleton, 2012). To overcome this, he remains drunk majority of time, which affected his
physical health too.
Professional level- In professional group, social workers, therapist, educationist, support
workers are included. This level is one of the important level which helps to overcome from
problems facing by service user. In case of Mr. Ian, occupational Therapist, Community support
Worker, Local Authority Long Term Team are working at professional level. They are main
components to improve the condition of Mr. Ian.
Organisational level- At organisational level, there are high authorities which control all
the actions of social workers, health workers, etc. They frame policies for development of people
and actions are performed in accordance in appropriate manner. In this report, Local Authority,
Risk enablement Panel are working at organisational level. These organisations keep eyes on
working style of professional and in case of discrepancies corrective measures are taken.
There are some legal laws working in order to make performance of partnership firm
positive. These helps service user to get positive results. Legal acts help organisation to get
positive result. Due to alteration in these laws social working partnership has to alter business
roles and responsibilities.
Mental ability Capacity Act, 2005- This law works for the upliftment of mentally disable
people by framing policies for their upliftment. This laws provides knowledge about actions to
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be taken if person is deprived of their moral actions. As per case study, this act works for
upliftment of Mr. Ian.
Our health, our care our say 2006- This white paper consist of four main objectives-
better services with pre- intervention. Increased patient choice, tackling inequalities and
improving access to community services. As per Our health, Our care our say 2006 there is
requirement of changes which are effective and significant for achieving short term goals with
minimum cost.
With the help of these white paper, each level is aware of their roles and responsibilities.
Partnership firm also works in appropriative way because they can have evaluated to legal
authorities. With these paper code of conduct is clear to people (Glasby and Dickinson, 20141).
In case study of Mr. Ian, Mental Health Review and Reablement Team took case to risk
Enablement Panel which might proves to be fruitful for service user. Occupational Therapist and
Community Support Workers works in order to achieve targets on time. They are working as tale
acre of Mr. Ian so this helps them to give better results.
As pros, partnership relations are effective in getting positive results through improving
condition of service user. There is combination of efforts and in case action cannot perform by
one level it can be carry forward to upper level. Service user is secure because organisations are
working according to market trends. In case of Mr. Ian when case is not under control of Review
and Reablement Team, then they carry forward to Risk enabalement Panel.
While as cons, due to excess control of top level organisation actions gets disrupted.
There is fear in mind of professional of being evaluated, so they cannot work freely.
SECTION B
2.1 Analyse models of partnership working across the health and social care sector
Three main models distinguish partnership working in all over the health and social care
sector. These models are Unified, coordination and Hybrid. All these model have their own
advantages and disadvantages which are determined as under:
Unified partnership model: This model allows for different members of a partnership to be
perhaps, amalgamated with the same staffing structures and management (Glasby, 2017). But
they still having separate organization from each other. One of the best example of this model is
Co-location. In this professionals such as social workers, occupational therapist, mental health
and nursing team all work or perform from the similar location in collaboration. This model is
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implemented in the Health and social care of Mr. Lan. This model help this person to perform
their issue in different location and various department of the health and social care.
Pros Cons
Communication between the service provider
and user is more effective.
Team members understand each other’s
responsibilities and duties more clearly.
Inaccurate communication increase the conflict
a misunderstanding between the service user
and service provider.
Inaccurate allotment of roles effects on
employees performance.
Coordination partnership model: In this model, services work with each other in a
systematic and planned way towards agreed and shared goals (Hunter and Perkins, 2012). Beside
this individual remain in separate entity and place but create formal forms of working crosswise
boundaries. It is also implemented and developed in the health and social care to develop
coordination between the Mr. Ian and service providers. So it is beneficial for such person to
overcome their issue in planned manner.
Pros Cons
This model provides self-management for
individuals with prevention services and
chronic disease.
Gives whole-person, long-term, care
improvement for service user with diabetes,
CHF, CKD, COPD, depression, cancer,
dementia and organ transplant, applying a
multidisciplinary team approach.
Lack of coherence in the intentions, aims and
joint up thinking among various agencies,
outputting in role overlap and duplication of
service.
The management of multi-agency and
professional service culture, for instance
disparities in status, service conditions and so
on.
Coalition partnership model: In this management, staffing and training structures of the
services perform or work in a united partnership. Beside this, there is an alliance and association
of the different components but they run discretely (Lowes and Hulatt, 2013). A coalition is refer
to as a better cooperation between two or more organisation who is independent in nature. In this
service provider of the health and social care give effective services to the Mr Lan to reduce and
overcome their issue in an effective and systematic manner.
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Pros Cons
It is a more cost effective model for the heal
and social care sector.
This model provide addition choice for the
service service user as well as service provider.
Managing and forming a coalition can be very
bureaucratic and time consuming activity that
can take off time period from working or
performing directly on campaign problems and
business tasks.
Activities of coalition is not easy to monitor
and evaluate
Coordination partnership model is chosen according to the case study of Mr. Ian. He had
experienced emotional, sexual and physical abuse as a child, and was liable to time of paranoia
and depression and episodes of self-harm (Lymbery, 2010). He was not able to able and not
behave aggressively. So in this social worker can use coordination partnership model which is
suitable for overcoming Mr. Ian issue easily. This model involves deliberately creating patient
care activities as well as sharing data among all of the involver related with a Mr. Lan care to
attain safer and better effective care. It means that the Mr Lan requirements and taste are known
ahead of duration and communicated at the accurate period to the actual people, and that this
data is applied to give safe, effective and appropriate care to the Mr. Lan.
2.2 Review current legislation and organisational practices and policies for partnership working
in health and social care
Health and social care is the sector where organisation perform activities in order to get
changes in working style which are effective and significant for growth of service user. There are
possibilities that due to change in legal laws, there is alteration in working style and plans and
policies. Firm have different roles and responsibilities which are significant for achieving targets.
Equality act 2010- As per this act, Service users must not be differentiating on the basis
of case, colour, creed, etc. Services must be proper which helps to improve condition of Mr. Ian.
As per this law there is occupational therapist and community support worker must have equal
rights to take care of Mr. Ian. With the help of equality law, it is easy for legal parties to perform
operations as per given rights. There are many parties such as local authority, local authority
long term team, etc. can work according to delivered duties. This helps to improve condition of
Mr. Ian.
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Heath and social care, 2012- As per this law, social workers must use different aspects
which helps to perform business activities in appropriate way. There must not be fluctuations in
activities otherwise, this affects image of Firm. There are different legal parties such as local
authority, review and Reablement team, etc. they are not taking care of Mr. Ian properly, so this
law is important. Health and social care act has some norms and regulations which has to be
followed by different parties such as Risk Enablement Panel, occupational Therapist, etc. So they
are aware of their job roles. This helps to maintain health of social user i.e. Mr. Ian.
Data Protection Act 1998- As per this act, managers of Firm must keep service user data
keep. It must not be used for any unofficial purpose. It is responsibility of social workers to use
data for official purpose only. Hence as per this act, data protection of Mr. Ian is essential, so it
can not be used for any illegal purpose. There are some personal information related to Mr. Ian.
It is responsibilities of legal parties to take care of it. In case it is used for illegal purpose, then
there are possibilities of legal proceedings. This is important to maintain privacy of service user
and hence they feel comfortable in availing services.
From the above discussed laws, health and social care, 2012 is important because in case
of Mr. Ian, every party i.e. local authority, occupational therapist, community support worker,
etc. are not performing operations properly. If this laws is effectively implemented then there are
possibilities of positive result in health of Mr. Ian.
2.3 Explain how differences in working practices and policies affect collaborative working
There is difference in working style of local authority, occupational therapist, community
support workers,etc. This is because, in partnership two parties are associated, so there is
collaboration of two or more parties, skills, characteristics, etc. (Marmot, M and et. al., 2012).
Case of Mr. Ian is being transferred from Long term team to review and Reablement Panel and
still they are not having professional relations with Mr. Ian, this affects his health. There are
differences among parties associated such as occupational therapist and community support
worker with Mr. Ian so this they are not taking care Mr. Ian properly. While in acse individual
parties take care Mr. Ian then there is positive impact on his health.
Later due to lack of information about Mr. Ian it is difficult to provide appropriate
treatment. Occupational Therapist are not able to handle case and hence hand over to Long term
team back. Due to involvement of many parties., there is confusion related to operations
happening with Mr. Ian. This affects his health. There is difference in working style, process of
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working, difference in governing policies, etc. This ultimately affects health of Mr. Ian and this
lead to unexpected death.
Reason of such issues are lack of communication among related parties. There is no
proper information about Mr. Ian which affects in taking care of him. There is difference in
attitude of occupational therapist and community support worker’s they do not give proper
concentration on health of Mr. Ian. Due to lack of communication doctors from hospital are
communicating with other social carer, this lead to delay in paper work of Mr. Ian.
As per government norms, daily carers must check health of Mr. Ian on regular basis.
This helps legal parties also to perform operations in ethical manner. As per discussion case of
Mr. Ian's case is transferred back to Long term team and then again transferred to Risk
enablement panel as per government policies. This helps to take corrective actions for betterment
of Mr. Ian.
SECTION C
3.1 Evaluate possible outcomes of partnership working for users of services, professionals and
organisations
Partnership is formed for some specific purpose. Hence it gets dissolved after completion
of targets. With the help of partnership, there is requirement of change in working style.
Resources can be more effective and it is possible for social workers to give better services to
Mr. Ian. There are possibilities of negative as well as positive outcome of partnership. There is
different level i.e. service user, professional user and organisational user (Mockford and et. al.,
2011). In case of Mr. Ian case study, there are positive as well as negative outcomes.
SERVICE USER OUTCOME
POSITIVE OUTCOME NEGATIVE OUTCOME
Service user gets satisfaction while they avail
facilities from partnership firm. Through this
service user are able to get good quality revert
from social carers.
In partnership, service user deals with different
parties which might create confusion in
provided services, data.
With the help of collaboration of service firms,
there is empowerment to customers. This helps
to get best services and boost confidence.
There are possibilities that client may get feel
of neglected because of bug organisation. In
case client has small issue then they might get
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neglect.
PROFESSIONAL OUTCOME
POSITIVE OUTCOME NEGATIVE OUTCOME
As professional, in partnership there is
coordination in services which helps firm to
enhance its image in industry.
There are possibilities of professional rivalry
which affects working style of firm. It may
result in conflict which affects working style of
association.
While working in partnership, personnel; are
aware of their roles and responsibilities and
hence there is synchronizing in working style.
As organisation gets vast in partnership firm,
so there is possibilities of wastage of time and
possibilities that miscommunication take place.
ORGANISATIOANL OUTCOME
POSITIVE OUTCOME NEGATIVE OUTCOME
At organisation level with the help of
partnership firm, there are same goals which
has to be attained.
There is communication breakdown because of
change in structure of association,. There are
many changes which affects working style of
overall association.
There is integration of services with
partnership firm. This is beneficial for
improving condition of society.
Cost in case of partnership firm might get
increased. So there are possibilities that
organisations do not like to enter in partnership
contract.
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3.2 Analyse the potential barriers to partnership working in health and social care services
In case of Mr. Ian there are some issues which arise and affected health of Mr. Ian. In
general, partners include two or more individual working to attain same goals and objectives, so
there are possibilities of difference in views of individuals. This might create communication
barrier to individuals. This affects working style of whole organisations. Some of the barriers as
per case of Mr. Ian are as under-
Lack of communication- Communication is about sharing data. lack of communication is
one of the most effected barrier which gives negative impact on working style. Due to improper
communication, activities gets affected and it gives negative impact on health of Mr. Ian. It is
essential that mangers do not have to perform operations in effective and efficient way (Munn-
Giddings and Winter, 2013). In case of Mr. Ian, Occupational therapist and Community Support
Worker have miscommunication because they do not discuss ideas which gives direct impact on
health of Mr. Ian. Hospitals are communicating about health issue of Mr. Ian to social worker
because of miscommunication. This barrier affects service professional in taking care of Mr. Ian.
While service user also get confused because of dealing with may parties.
Negative professional attitude- there is essential role of professional teams in performing
partnership activities. There are possibilities that due to change in roles and responsibilities
attitude of professional may get affected. In case of partnership, if professional behave in
negative way, then this gives wrong impression to client. In case of Mr. Ian case study when case
of Mr. Ian gets transferred from Long term team to review and reablement team to get some
improvement in health. But there is negative results, because workers are making working
relations with MR. Ian. This shows negative attitude of Review and Reablement team towards
their professional work. This barriers affects Mr. Ian as he is not able to get up to the mark
services.
Lack of information sharing- While working in partnership, sharing of information must
be proper and according to requirement. If appropriate information is not delivered to concerned
person then this affects working of firm (Perkins and et. al., 2010). In case of Mr. Ian due to lack
of sharing information among Occupational Therapist and Community Support Workers paper
work at hospital does not get completed. This affects health of Mr. Ian. This barriers affects
service user the most. Because due to lack of information legal parties such as legal authority can
not perform operations properly.
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3.3 Devise strategies to improve outcomes for partnership working in health and social care
services
Above mentioned barriers i.e. lack of communication, lack of information sharing,
Negative professional attitude are discussed. These are some issuers which affects working style
of firm. These barrier affects working style of organisation and gives negative impact on roles
and responsibilities of partner. In order to improve results out of these barriers corrective
measures has to be taken by respective parties. Some corrective measures top resolve problems
and improve condition of Mr. Ian are as under-
Regular team meetings- As per case of Mr. Ian there is requirement of regular meeting of
occupational therapist and Community support worker. This helps them to interact with each
other an d hence they are able to understand each other (Petch, Cook and Miller, 2013.). This
helps in using best approach through which they can work for upliftment of Mr. Ian. As there is
no paper work done by both professional which affects health of Mr. Ian. While with regular
meeting, it is easy to deal with situation.
Appointing a lead professional- there is requirement of professional lead over review and
reablement earn. As they are not taking care of Mr. Ian. While making working relations with
him. This gibes negative impact on health of client. While when some professional is headed
team, then they have fear because they are accountable to some higher authority.
Effective communication- Communication must be proper among parities associated with
Mr. Ian. This helps to now what actual position of Mr. Ian is and accordingly actions can be
taken. When there is some issue, then it can be communicated to parties in proper way. Face to
face communication or telephonic communication must be used to get positive results (Rigby
and et. al., 2011).
CONCLUSION
In this report there is discussion about pros and cons of partnership. In partnership
collaboration of resources, capital, asset, is possible, so there are bright possibilities of getting
positive result out of it. There is requirement of change in plans and policies while performing
work in partnership. As per case study, there are some issues which affects health of client such
as lack of communication, lack of resources, professional rivalry, etc. There must be corrective
actions to improve it through use of different techniques such as regularly meeting of team
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mates. In this report there is discussion about positive and negative outcome associated with
working in partnership at service user, professional and organisational level.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Cameron, A and et. al., 2014. Factors that promote and hinder joint and integrated working
between health and social care services: a review of research literature. Health & social
care in the community. 22(3). pp.225-233.
Dickinson, H. and Glasby, J., 2010. ‘Why Partnership Working Doesn't Work’ Pitfalls, problems
and possibilities in English health and social care. Public Management Review. 12(6).
pp.811-828.
Dickinson, H. and O'Flynn, J., 2016.Evaluating outcomes in health and social care. Policy Press.
Fotaki, M., 2011. Towards developing new partnerships in public services: users as consumers,
citizens and/or co‐producers in health and social care in England and Sweden. Public
Administration. 89(3). pp.933-955.
Gardiner, C., Gott, M. and Ingleton, C., 2012. Factors supporting good partnership working
between generalist and specialist palliative care services: a systematic review. Br J Gen
Pract. 62(598). pp.e353-e362.
Glasby, J. and Dickinson, H., 2014.Partnership working in health and social care: what is
integrated care and how can we deliver it?. Policy Press.
Glasby, J., 2017.Understanding health and social care. Policy Press.
Hunter, D. and Perkins, N., 2012. Partnership working in public health: the implications for
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2). pp.45-52.
Lowes, L. and Hulatt, I. eds., 2013.Involving service users in health and social care research.
Routledge.
Lymbery, M., 2010. A new vision for adult social care? Continuities and change in the care of
older people. Critical Social Policy. 30(1). pp.5-26.
Marmot, M and et. al., 2010. The Marmot review: Fair society, healthy lives. The Strategic
Review of Health Inequalities in England Post-2010.
Marmot, M and et. al., 2012. WHO European review of social determinants of health and the
health divide. The Lancet,380(9846). pp.1011-1029.
Millar, R. and Hall, K., 2013. Social return on investment (SROI) and performance
measurement: The opportunities and barriers for social enterprises in health and social
care. Public Management Review. 15(6). pp.923-941.
Mockford, C and et.al., 2011. The impact of patient and public involvement on UK NHS health
care: a systematic review. International journal for quality in health care. 24(1). pp.28-
38.
Munn-Giddings, C. and Winter, R., 2013.A handbook for action research in health and social
care. Routledge.
Perkins, N., and et. al., 2010. 'What counts is what works'? New Labour and partnerships in
public health. Policy & Politics. 38(1). pp.101-117.
Petch, A., Cook, A. and Miller, E., 2013. Partnership working and outcomes: do health and
social care partnerships deliver for users and carers?. Health & social care in the
community. 21(6). pp.623-633.
Rigby, M and et. al., 2011. Social care informatics as an essential part of holistic health care: a
call for action. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 80(8). pp.544-554.
Online
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About the Mental Capacity Act. 2018. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.cqc.org.uk/help-advice/mental-health-capacity/about-mental-capacity-act
>.
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