Leadership and Management: A Report on Effective Practices

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of leadership and management within an organizational context, using Tesco as a case study. It begins by examining the recruitment and selection process, including job analysis, job specifications, and the legal, regulatory, and ethical considerations involved. The report then explores the application of leadership and management theories, differentiating between leadership and managerial skills, and analyzing motivational theories to encourage employee performance. It further investigates the benefits of teamwork, conflict resolution strategies, and methods to improve team effectiveness. The report also covers planning and monitoring employee development needs, and assesses the success of the assessment process. The report emphasizes the importance of effective leadership, teamwork, and employee motivation in achieving organizational goals, highlighting the significance of legal and ethical considerations throughout the process.

Working with and
leading the people

Table of Contents
Working with and leading the people.......................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................5
TASK1......................................................................................................................................6
1.1Recruitment and selection of new staff members.........................................................6
1.2Assess the impact of the legal, regulatory and ethical considerations in recruitment and
selection process...................................................................................................................7
1.3 Own contribution in the selection process to make it more effective,...........................7
M1.Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solution.............................................8
D1.Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions...................8
TASK2......................................................................................................................................8
2.1Appropriate leadership and management theories explain the skills and attributes you
need to be an effective manager and leader.........................................................................8
2.2Explain the differences between leadership and managerial skills.................................9
2.3leadership theories, comparison of two different situations where you applied two
different leadership styles and explain two motivational theories to encourage the
employees...........................................................................................................................10
M2.Select/design and apply appropriate methods/techniques...........................................10
TASK3....................................................................................................................................11
3.1 The benefits of teamwork.............................................................................................11
3.2 Solving the conflicts within the team...........................................................................11
3.3 A possible strategy to improve the effectiveness of the team .....................................12
M3.Importance of team working........................................................................................12
D2.Responsibility for managing for managing and organising activities..........................12
TASK4....................................................................................................................................13
4.1Explain the factors involved in planing and the monitoring.........................................13
4.2How would you plan and deliver the assessment of the development needs of your
employees...........................................................................................................................13
4.3 The success of the assessment process used by the Tesco...........................................14
D3.Demonstrate convergent/lateral/creative thinking.......................................................14
CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................15

REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
The organisation consists of the several departments and the working in each
department leads to difference in the work performance. The work is performed by the
several team members. For the monitoring of the work performance and for providing
working guidelines for the work performed the leader or the manager is required. The
organisation is an well established company for the long time due to the effective team
working and leadership at every step of operations. The recruitment and the selection takes
an important place in any organisation and also leads to have great impact on the work
performed suitable candidate adoption leads to influence the operational performance.
Leadership and the motivation are the most important factors for encouraging the working
performance of the employees(Korzynski,2013). The communication also plays an
important role in the organisation for the work performance effectively. For a strong team
building and for the strong interpersonal relation between the team members the
organisation needs to adopt the certain concepts and theories of leadership and motivation
and mainly focuses on the development for the team. The human resource has an most
important part in the organisation the human resource department must properly managed by
implementing the certain rules and regulations and the work must be followed up by upon
the rules framed for the organisation. A Tesco is an British established multinational
grocery store deals in different varieties of the grocery products. It an most famous brand in
the UK and leading from the certain time period in the UK. The Tesco is on the third
position from the overall retailers rankings. The tesco deals in certain product lines as of the
books ,clothes, electronics,toys ,furniture etc. They had done a great expansion in their
business and spread across in many countries and measures a high amount of profit against
there works(Neal and Chartrand 2011). They have more than Tesco stores in different
countries .They believes in providing their best services and high quality products to their

customer's and aims at providing the fuller satisfaction to their customer's. They leads to
keep updating in their work performance and reaching more to buyers. They performs
various activities in the favour of their consumers provides and gives certain beneficial
schemes to their loyal consumers and for ensuring the stability for their regular customer's.
In this report the the recruitment and selection process is highlighted and the team working
concepts and the a major difference between the leadership and the management also has
been focused in the report. The leadership skills requirements and the qualities which are
essential for the effective leadership are also mentioned. The team management the role
played by the team members and the importance of the team in the organisation has been
discussed. The leadership, the recruitment,team management all the steps performed with
the main purpose of encouragement of the employee's and helps in improving their
performance. The Tesco adapts the all the steps for the growth of their business and hiring
the suitable candidate for their working and for performing the work efficiently.
TASK1
1.1Recruitment and selection of new staff members
The Tesco aims at hiring the employee's by evaluating the the candidates applied for
the certain position. They analysis the past experiences and qualifications. They consider the
Job analysis ,job description and specification required related to the job.
Job Analysis: The Tesco requires a employee position required for the sales departments.
The employee must be able to handle the Tesco departments and must satisfied the
customer's with their working(Lyubomirsky and Layous, 2013.)
Job specification: Responsibilities and duties.
 Able to attend several customers at a time.
 They must provide all the relevant information related to the products to the
customers.
Salary:£10,000 is the basic salary for the freshers and the £20,000 for the person having a
work experience.
Working Hours: The working will be the six day week. Sundays will be the holiday and the
for the daily work operations will be 9.30 am to 8.30 pm.
Qualifications: The qualification required for the job position are

 High school education
 Graduation is mandatory
Skills: The skill which are Required are
 communication skills
 Depth knowledge in the field
 great command over the English
 Must have basic knowledge of computers.
Working Environment: The work is performed within the Tesco outlets.

Job Description
Job Tittle: General Manager
Responsible to: Board of Directors
Job Requirements
Understanding and experience in business, supervision, and management.
Understanding the functions, operation and mission of the specific department.
communication skills
Person Specification
Responsibilities and duties.
 Able to attend several customers at a time.
 They must provide all the relevant information related to the products to the
customers.
Salary:£10,000 is the basic salary for the freshers and the £20,000 for the person having a
work experience.
Working Hours: The working will be the six day week. Sundays will be the holiday and the
for the daily work operations will be 9.30 am to 8.30 pm.
Qualifications: The qualification required for the job position are
 High school education
 Graduation is mandatory
Skills: The skill which are Required are
 communication skills
 Depth knowledge in the field
 great command over the English
 Must have basic knowledge of computers.
Working Environment: The work is performed within the Tesco outlets.

1.2Assess the impact of the legal, regulatory and ethical considerations in recruitment and
selection process
There is an great impact of the legal and the ethical regulations on the hiring of the
new personnel and that cannot be ignored. The recruitment is an process of hiring the
desirable candidates for the work performance. The importance of certain legal rules and
guidelines helps in providing protection from getting misguide and saves from any
misshapenness and providing equal opportunities to the workers.
Tesco may face certain problems and issues if they will not work according to the
legal frameworks. The rules and regulations and their legal impacts over the hiring process
for the Tesco are based on certain acts(Fraley and et.al 2011. ). They are
Discrimination act – They aims at providing equality to the employees. Tesco must look out
all the employees are treated fairly and their must no t be any discrimination between the
workers.
Human rights act- The act ensures that employees must provided with the certain rights. The
Tesco provides various rights to their employees like freedom of expression, right to respect.
Equal pay act-The fairly remuneration must be provided to the employees working in the
Tesco.
1.3 Own contribution in the selection process to make it more effective,
As I being chosen as the human resource manager for making the recruitment and
selection process more beneficial and effective I initially take part in the process and do a
regulatory check over the working performed at different levels and must ensure the
selection of the candidates must be evaluated properly by identifying their capabilities and
analysing their working strengths and abilities against the duties assigned top them . The
personal interviews are conducted by me personally for the candidates who gets eligible for
the further process. The personal interview helps in gaining the detail knowledge of the
selected candidate and helps in analysis the communication skills of the employee for the
Tesco. I must ensure the work performance must be legally concerned and with the ethical
mode of conduct must be adopted. I must take the duty to evaluate the documents the
candidates are providing to ensure they are providing the right information and not offering
any fake information related to them. The working is smoothly performing all the levels are
working appropriately are the main responsibilities which must be looked by me.

M1.Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solution
The Tesco must measures that each and every employee must be fairly treated
without any facing of inequality due to age,colour,sex,religion. This helps in providing an
individual equal opportunities in the workplace. There must be a freedom of speaking and
expressing the idea to each individual to express their thoughts in the company every
employee must have the right to speak it will helps in employee to participate more in the
company working and the ideas prevented by the employees can leads to beneficial for the
Tesco and helps in implying them in their work performance.
D1.Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions
The work must be measured by the particular standards .The parameters must be
build up for the evaluation of the work performance. The judgement must be on the fair
basis there must not be any personal judgement and selection must be done by appropriate
selection test and the person who gets eligible in the tests can only gets the chance for the
further processing and only the desirable candidates must be choose(Bell and Blanchflower,
2011). The company must detailed the candidates with their rules and regulations of the
working and the terms and conditions of the Tesco.
TASK2
2.1Appropriate leadership and management theories explain the skills and attributes you
need to be an effective manager and leader
There are certain leadership theories which the Tesco can use for their for their
working.
Great Man Theory- This theory tells that leaders are born not to be made. They believe that
leaders are born by their birth. They have qualities from the birth.
Trait theory- This is an overcome of the great man theory. They believe that some traits are
by the birth of an individual and some features can be add up by giving them training and
development.
Behavioural theory- This theory is depend on the behaviour dependency and the they mainly
focuses on the the behaviour of the leaders and how they behave with the others in the
organisation.

Situational theory- The situational theory is based on the different situations which leads to
signify . IT depends on the various situations of working.
The skills and attributes required to be an effective manager are:
Motivation: Manager must be able to motivate their employees for the working.
Delegation of work- Manger must identify the nature of the employees and allocate the work
according to their specialisation.
Action taking- It may have capabilities of taking actions against the problems and issues and
must have the ability to get overcome form it.
2.2Explain the differences between leadership and managerial skills
The leader and managers are having certain differences. They have certain
dissimilarities between them. The major difference between the leader and manger are:
Leadership Management
The leaders helps in development The management is responsible for the
managing the work in the organisation.
The leaders mainly focuses on the people The manager focuses on the
The leaders mainly leads the people and
provides the motivation for the working
The manager are responsible for the overall
performance in the organisation
The leaders are involved in taking the risks The managers are responsible for controlling
over the risks
The leaders helps in framing the inter
personal relationship with their employee's
The management leads in building up the
systems and the various processes.
The leaders helps in developing the overall
personality of the individual
The management helps in developing overall
management relations.
The leaders are responsible in the leadership The mangers are responsible in the
management.

2.3leadership theories, comparison of two different situations where you applied two
different leadership styles and explain two motivational theories to encourage the
employees.
There are certain types of leadership that are applicable in certain working
organisation. There are three classic styles of leadership. The autocratic leaders helps in
developing the plans and frames the decisions and putting them to the others. They are
placed for the certain decision makings. The autocratic leaders are suitable in the emergency
situations critical situations. They tends to keep the best outcomes from the others and
motivates others. The situational theory leads to deal within the certain situations. The
model helps in developing the situational capacity and helps in leading them according to it.
Motivational theories:
Maslow hierarchy theory – Maslow mainly aims at the personal motivation they highlights
on the basic needs of the employee's. They consist
Physiological needs- They consists the food,shelter,water
Safety needs- financial security
love-friendship,family
Esteem- respect
Self actualisation- self respect
Maslow hierarchy of needs- They emphasis on the two factors motivation and the hygiene
factors.
Hygiene factors- Consists to the dissatisfaction to the employee's
Motivator factors-leads to satisfying and motivating the employees.
M2.Select/design and apply appropriate methods/techniques
The situational theory helps in dealing with the different situations. It is based on the
different situation level .The employees get motivated through according to the situational
level. The employees can provide various incentives according to the situations. The
motivational level can be set up according to the currently situation presented. The
behavioural theory focuses on the behaviour of the leaders and their behaviour-able
conditions(Gillingham, Kotchen and Rapson 2013).. The autocratic leaders are the single
handed decision makers and holds the power individual. The lassies fare leaders style can

helps in motivating the employees as they gets the opportunities for the work performance
and they will start involving in the organisational work.
TASK3
3.1 The benefits of teamwork
The team is an collective body for the work performance. The working in the team
leads to achieving the organisation goals and objectives. There are certain benefits of the
team working within the Tesco are:
Idea generation- Different people with different minds collectively working together leads to
working rapidly. Different employees shares there knowledge and experiences.
Leads to innovation – The different minds collected at a single platform leads in the
development of different and innovative ideas
Increased efficiency- working together brings the efficiency in the working. Team consist
the working together.
A healthy communication- Working together helps in enriching the communication skills.
The people will talk with each other in the team which helps in encouraging their
communicating skills.
Delegation of the work- The work is dividation in the team and the work is distributed
among the different team members which reduces the overall work performance on the
individual.
Trust level- Team working helps in building the trust within each other. It helps in
developing the trust level.
3.2 Solving the conflicts within the team
Leader is the most essential for the work performed and making an healthy
environment in the team(Wilcox and Stephen 2013) . As I being the leader of the team I
would choose to adopt the participative and the transformational styles. Being the team
leader I will firstly focuses on the what the issues are rising and what are the main reasons
occurring behind those issues. V After the problems I would like to discuss all the impacts
related to that problems and all the consequences related to the problem which helps in
finding the appropriate solutions. If the problem is related to any particular departments the
problems can be solved due to proper planing against that problems. Before implementing

any actin there must be a clearly understanding of the situation related to that problems. The
team meet must be regularly conducted within a month which helps in getting aware about
the problems and issues faced by the employee's.
3.3 A possible strategy to improve the effectiveness of the team
For having an effectiveness in the team the working with unity and leading a team
together leads to an most important factor for the organisation. The effective team can be
build up by the strong bondings between the team members There are certain ways which
helps in achieving the team effectiveness .They are
Clarifying the goals and objectives of the individual- It basically aims at setting up the
standard for each performance and each and every personnel must be aware about the
objectives and the goals. This helps them in work performance.
Duties and responsibilities -Each member must be clear about what duty and responsibilities
they have to be fulfilled(Bush and Middlewood, 2013). This resolves the ambiguity among
themselves.
Solving conflicts- When there is any rise of any conflicts within the team .There must be a
appropriate findings against the team conflicts.
Interaction- Different customers are concerned with the different needs and requirements
interaction with the customers helps in getting the work according to their requirements.
M3.Importance of team working
The working in the team leads to consists several benefits . The team working leads
to an effective work performance and leads to work fastly and speedily. The team leads to
collection of people working together to achieve a common purpose. They aims at gaining
the similar goal and objective which helps in getting the things faster and in efficient
manner. They work in with the different ideas collectively implemented to work together.
They support each other in the team in the work performance and helps in solving the issues
against the workings.
D2.Responsibility for managing for managing and organising activities
The work performed accurately and with the measurable standard performance leads
to an effective team. The work must be build up be setting certain standards against the
workings. When each team member knows what they have to perform will helps in getting

the success against the work. As they know what they have to perform and how they have to
perform and a regularly check over the working in a team leads to an improvement in their
performance.
TASK4
4.1Explain the factors involved in planing and the monitoring
There are certain factors which are required to be considered while
planing ,monitoring and assessing the work performance in the Tesco. The certain factors
are:
The age groups- Before hiring the employee's for the Tesco there must a particular age limit
set. Gaining the younger age group people helps in attaining the work in the effective
manner.
Different culture- Each employees belongs from different culture and trends. Due to
different culture this leads to work performance and affects the working.
Performance appraisal system- It helps in identification of the goals and objectives and the
identifying the work performance in the Tesco(Burnett, 2013 ).
Regulatory check- The evaluation over the work performed against the Tesco helps in
identifying the performance level of the employee's.
Feedbacks- This helps in identification of issues and problems faced by the Tesco members
and helps in getting the problems faced by them.
Measurable- The work performed must be measurable to identify the goals and objectives
and helps in motivating for the up gradation of the performance.
4.2 How would you plan and deliver the assessment of the development needs of your
employees
For attaining the needs of the Tesco employees and for encouraging them for their
performance they are required to imply certain concepts and the methods which helps in
motivation and ensuring the performance. The certain steps which needs to be taken are:
Communication- Communication plays an effective role in any organisation. The proper
communication flow helps in efficiency in the work performance.
Delegation – It helps in enhancing the work performance as the work gets distributed among
the members and helps in increasing the morale of an individual ad dividation of the works

leads to get relaxed from the over burden. The delegation of duties and responsibilities in the
Tesco helps in reaching the satisfactory work performance
Training and development- Training and development helps in enriching the overall
performance of the Tesco employees and helps in training the employees according to needs.
Company need to organise training session on regular basis to prove knowledge to use eber
equipment available in the company.
Teamwork: Manager focuses on establishing stability in team work and team efforts of
employees
4.3 The success of the assessment process used by the Tesco
For measuring the success in the assessment process. The tesco adapts the certain
methods for attain the success in their workings. The methods which are used by the Tesco
to evaluate the work performance and analysing the work efficiency are:
Feedbacks- The feedbacks helps in getting the change requirements and helps in identifying
the training requirements whether they are required(Amabile, 2012.). This helps Tesco in
evaluating the training needs for their employees.
Promotion- It helps in developing the growth .The tesco members can be get promoted on
the basis of the work performed by them.
Appraisal- The appraisal can be provided against the performance by the tesco employees in
their operational work.
Team Performance- The team performance can be measured against the work and the
effective team buildings and helps employees in gaining the skills and knowledges related
to the field.
The peer review- This aims at getting the work performance review of the employees with
the other employees working with them the assessment is done with the Tesco members for
analysing the success for the individual.
The training and development of workers ended with success.
Measurement of success is done by the company by comparing the standard performance
and actual performance of employees after the training session.
D3.Demonstrate convergent/lateral/creative thinking
The convergent thinking ls an thinking related to getting a ideas related to the
particular problems The convergent thinking ls an thinking related to getting a ideas related

to the particular problems. It is the best process of finding a solution to the given problem
that the person is trying to solve( Peterson, 2011.). Some tests are include in this like
multiple choice test, spelling test, maths quizzes and standardized test. These all are
measured in convergent thinking.
Lateral thinking is the indirect and creative approach of solving any problem in which the
new and unusual problems to be solved. In this the person need an ability to use imagination
to solve the problem in fresh way.
Creative thinking is explained as it is the way to analyse the problem and solve it from
different perspective and thinking(working with and leading people, 2017). It explore or
expend connection and meet with new problems and challenges and use solution which are
not usual and original in nature. Its simple mean is to connecting things.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that the organisation working is depend
on the employees working in the organisation. They need to be evaluated properly and the re
must be proper working guidelines to be provided to them. The team formation in the
organisation leads to an successful factor for the organisation and helps the employees in
achieving their goals. Evaluation and the monitoring the performance leads to improvement
in the work performance and helps an individual improving their work and individual
personality. The leaders or the managers in the organisation aims at achieving the vision and
mission of the organisation. An effective communication in the organisation leads to an
smooth working in the organisation. A team building and the suitable work performance
leads to satisfy the customer's and helps in surviving the competitive world. Different
leadership styles can be gained to enhance the performance.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Amabile, T., 2012. Componential theory of creativity (pp. 3-4). Boston, MA: Harvard
Business School.
Bell, D.N. and Blanchflower, D.G., 2011. Young people and the Great Recession. Oxford
Review of Economic Policy, 27(2), pp,241-267.
Burnett, J., 2013. Useful Toil: Autobiographies of Working People from the 1820s to the
1920s. Routledge.
Bush, T. and Middlewood, D., 2013. Leading and managing people in education. Sage.
Fraley, R.C., Heffernan, M.E., Vicary, A.M. and Brumbaugh, C.C., 2011. The experiences
in close relationships—Relationship Structures Questionnaire: A method for assessing
attachment orientations across relationships. Psychological assessment, 23(3), p,615.
Gillingham, K., Kotchen, M.J., Rapson, D.S. and Wagner, G., 2013. Energy policy: The
rebound effect is overplayed. Nature, 493(7433), pp,475-476.
Korzynski, P., 2013. Online social networks and leadership: Implications of a new online
working environment for leadership. International Journal of Manpower, 34(8), pp,975-994.
Lyubomirsky, S. and Layous, K., 2013. How do simple positive activities increase well-
being?. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(1), pp,57-62.
Neal, D.T. and Chartrand, T.L., 2011. Embodied emotion perception: amplifying and
dampening facial feedback modulates emotion perception accuracy. Social Psychological
and Personality Science, 2(6), pp,673-678.
Peterson, B., 2011. Cultural intelligence: A guide to working with people from other
cultures. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

Wilcox, K. and Stephen, A.T., 2013. Are close friends the enemy? Online social networks,
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