A case study on Marriott International Hotels

Research Project

Table of Contents
TITLE: ............................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1
Overview of the Research...........................................................................................................1
Background of the Research.......................................................................................................1
Research Aim..............................................................................................................................1
Research Objectives....................................................................................................................1
Research Questions.....................................................................................................................2
Rationale for selection of topic...................................................................................................2
Time Scale. .................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................4
Different factors that effect the employee performance at workplace........................................4
Advantages of the performance appraisal in sustainability and growth of Marriott
International Hotel......................................................................................................................4
Various tools that can be utilise to improve employees performance at workplace...................5
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................6
Type of investigation...................................................................................................................6
Research Design..........................................................................................................................6
Research Approach ....................................................................................................................6
Data Collection methods.............................................................................................................6
Data Sampling ............................................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS .................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ....................................................18
.......................................................................................................................................................18
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................19
.......................................................................................................................................................19

TITLE:
“To evaluate the effect of performance appraisal on sustainability of organisation. A case
study on Marriott International Hotels.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Overview of the Research
Performance appraisal is a systematic analysis of workers performance that can be
applied to know their personal abilities for future development and growth (Performance
Appraisal, 2018). In simple word is an a process of analysing an employee's job performance in
ways of its recruitments (Ayers, 2015). Objective of performance appraisal is to keep records in
order to identify wage structure, compensation package, salaries raises, etc. In this project chosen
organisation is Marriott International Hotels, it is an American multinational diversified
hospitality business that franchises and manages a large portfolio of hotel and accompanying
lodging facilities. In this hotel performance appraisal is more effective and beneficial for the
organisation to maximise their sustainability and gain competitive advantages.
Background of the Research
Marriott International Hotels is a hospitality industry, it was founders by J. Willard
Marriott Alice Marriott in 1927. In the business approximately 177,000 employees are recently
working having a motive to maximise development and growth of the enterprise. In order to
maximise performance of the employee, hotel provide appraisal in different way such as salaries
raises, wage structure, compensation package, lay off, promotion, etc. These are benefited to the
company to reduce employees turnover and increase sales and profit for company (Bolden,
2016).
Research Aim
Main aim of the research is “To evaluate the effect of performance appraisal on
sustainability of organisation. A case study on Marriott International Hotels.
1

Research Objectives
This is consist as an important part of the research because entire activities and function
of the study is based on this section (DeNisi and Gonzalez, 2017). Main purpose of this research
is to analysis the effect of performance appraisal on development and sustainability of Marriott
International Hotels. Some objectives of research are determined as under:
 To identify the various factors that effect the employee performance at workplace.
 To determine the advantages of the performance appraisal in sustainability and growth of
Marriott International Hotels.
 To identify various tools that can be utilise to improve employees performance at
workplace.
Research Questions
 What are the different factors that effect the employee performance at workplace?
 What are the advantages of the performance appraisal in sustainability and growth of
Marriott International Hotels?
 What are the various tools that can be utilise to improve employees performance at
workplace?
Rationale for selection of topic
Main reason for selection above given topic is to determine different factors that impact
on employee performance (DeNisi and Murphy, 2017). Another purpose of choosing this topic is
to identify different advantages of performance appraisals in growth and sustainability of hotel.
Time Scale.
2

3

4

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature review is a critical and in depth analysis of previous study. It is a synopsis and
summary of a specific area of investigation. In addition, it is a scholarly paper, which covers the
actual knowledge considering substantive findings, methodological and theoretical contribution
to a specific topic (Guerci and et. al., 2015). In this section information is collected through
various number of optional source such as diaries, books, previous research work, etc.
Different factors that effect the employee performance at workplace.
According to the Rajput, (2015) Employee performance at workplace play vital and
effective role in the success and development of company. Better performance of the workers
benefited to an organisation to gain competitive advantages and increase their sales and profit.
There are some factors that are highly effects the workers performance are determined as under:
Workplace's environment: As per the point of view of Schaltegger and Wagner, (2017)
environment of the workplace impacts employee confidence, motivation and performance. In
order to stimulate employees, Marriott International Hotel have implemented a number of
routines including performance based pay, practices to support balance family and work,
employment protection agreements, as well as different forms of data sharing. Further to
motivation, employees require the ability and skill to do their job in an effective manner. And for
various business, training the staff members has become an essential key into the process of
production.
Leadership: Its significantly essential at entire level in the Marriott International Hotel.
A leader perform really for his workers and the company. Good management and effective
leadership encourage tea work and assist to accomplish group and individual goals. Leader of the
hotel as it maintain performance, sustaining present action while safeguarding opinion on
performance indicators. Performance of entire workforce has to be encouraged and heighten their
confidence. Thus, a leader plays vital role in raising workers performance and growth of the
enterprise.
Advantages of the performance appraisal in sustainability and growth of Marriott International
Hotel.
As per the point of view of Schaltegger, Burritt and Petersen, (2017) employees
performance is an essential factor for the development and sustainability of company. For
5

achievement of this, company provide appraisal to its employees as per its performance in the
organisation. Beside this, Marriott International hotel use different types of performance
appraisal such as wage structure, salaries raises and compensation package that are beneficial
for the company. Some are determined as under:
Performance improvement: Aim of appraisal system is improving the employee
performance. It assist to analysis opportunity factors including social and technological process.
According to the Subramanian and Gunasekaran, (2015) higher improvement in workers
performance benefited to the organisation to increase their growth and sustainability at large
scale.
Providing a career path: The performance appraisal system is the best opportunity to
accomplish long term goals and objectives that may not be on the all day to-do list. Thus, it is
beneficial for the hotel to maintain employees turnover and gain competitive edge within
predetermined period of time.
Various tools that can be utilise to improve employees performance at workplace.
As per the point of view of Guerci and et. al., 2015) employees performance in the
business functions and activities are more significant and beneficial for the progress of business.
In order to improve workers performance, Marriott International hotel use various tools which
are explained as under:
Using motivational theory: It is one of the best and essential tool to encourage employee
performance. Beside this Marriott International hotel follow different kind of motivational theory
such as Maslow, Herzberg and many other. These theory fulfil basic needs and wants of the
employees so that they are happily work in the organisation.
Providing fair salary: According to the Harrington and Lee, (2015) fair salary as per the
work and performance of employees improve its satisfaction level in the organisation. It is also
essential and significant for the hotel to reduce turnover of the employees and gain higher
competitive benefits within predetermined period of time.
6

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This can be determined as the most significant aspect of research which gives an accurate
direction to the investigator to drawing a better results for the study. This section has different
aspects which are determined as under:
Type of investigation
There are mainly two types of investigation such as qualitative and quantitative. In case
of qualitative method, it gathers data that seeks to define a specific research topic more than
measure it. Beside this information is based on views, opinion and impressions of writers. Under
quantitative data, it is designed to gather hard, cold facts (Harrington and Lee, 2015). In nature is
its a statistical and structured that gives help when researcher require to draw general and valid
conclusion from the investigation. In this research, qualitative data is valuable and useful
because with the use of this, investigator collect accurate information and draw valid conclusion
which benefited in completion of entire research activities.
Research Design
It is also considered as a blue print and main section of research which is essential in
giving systematic direction in which entire activities are developed according to task priority.
The entire research is depends of research design, it is executed by the investigator for analysis
impact. This section of the research is divided into three parts such as exploratory, experimental
and descriptive. According to the research topic, descriptive design used because it will be more
valuable for the topic.
Research Approach
This part of the research is classified into two section such as positivism and
interpretivism (Iqbal, Akbar and Budhwar, 2015). In this research topic interpretivism
philosophy will be applied because it will assist in analysing the data which fill further outputs in
arriving at the valid conclusion. In case of positivism philosophy, it is not suitable for the
investigator to carry out research effectively.
Data Collection methods
For collecting accurate amount of information, there are mainly two methods such as
primary and secondary which will be used to collect accurate information about research topic.
Under primary research, questionnaire is most useful method that will be made in gaining proper
7

information from the peoples. In case of secondary method, researcher well be used journals,
books which will assist them to collect relevant data about the impact of performance appraisal
which is required to be executed by Marriott international hotel.
Data Sampling
It is an another method of selecting, manipulating, distinguish or evaluating the data.
sampling is valuable in identifying the cost. These approach are divided into two parts including
non probabilistic and probabilistic data sampling (Mone and London, 2018).
In this research the information is collected via of non-probabilistic sampling method
with the application of random sampling tool. In the specific research sample size of 30
respondents are understood by the researcher.
8

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS
Questionnaire
Q1) Does the system of performance appraisal is beneficial for growth and
sustainability of Marriott International hotel?
Frequency
Yes 25
No 5
Q2) What are the main advantages of performance appraisals for an
organisation?
Frequency
Performance improvement 15
Providing a career path 15
Q3) What are the major factors that effect the employee performance at
workplace.
Frequency
Workplace's Environment 20
Leadership 10
Q4) What are the main tools that can be utilise to improve employees
performance at workplace.
Frequency
Providing fair salary 15
Using Motivation theory 15
Q5) If performance appraisal system is useful for the growth and development
of company?
Frequency
Agree 24
Disagree 6
Q6) What is the main objective of performance appraisal? Frequency
Assessing training and development requirements 10
Pay rise 10
9

Promotion 10
Q7) Does process of performance appraisal assist to raise total output of
organisation?
Frequency
Yes 22
No 8
Q8) Is process of 360 degree appraisal undertaken in the Marriott International
Hotel?
Frequency
Yes 20
No 10
Q9) Are you satisfied and happy with the performance appraisal process of the
Marriott International hotel?
Frequency
Yes 26
No 4
Q10) Any recommendation about the development and growth of hospitality
sector.
Theme 1: Benefits of performance appraisal system
Q1) Does the system of performance appraisal is beneficial for growth and
sustainability of Marriott International hotel?
Frequency
Yes 25
No 5
10

Interpretation: As per the above mentioned information it has been determined that
performance appraisal system is useful for the sustainability and development of hotel at large
scales. Beside this 25 out of 30 respondents are agree and remaining are disagree as per the
same.
Theme 2: Main advantages of performance appraisal
Q2) What are the main advantages of performance appraisals for an
organisation?
Frequency
Performance improvement 15
Providing a career path 15
11
Yes No
0
5
10
15
20
25
25
5
Column B

Interpretation: From the above given report it has been concluded that performance
appraisals is more essential and beneficial for an employees and organisation. Respondents are
provide equal opportunity to performance improvement and career path.
Theme 3: Factors that impact the employee performance
Q3) What are the major factors that effect the employee performance at
workplace.
Frequency
Workplace's Environment 20
Leadership 10
12
Performance improvement Providing a career path
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
15 15
Column B

Interpretation: According to the above given graph that identified certain factors that effects on
employees performance in a direct manner. Beside this 20 out of 30 respondents are agree as
environment of workplace's is more effective but 10 respondents are agree as leadership is
maximum impact on workforce performance.
Theme 4: Tools of performance improvement
Q4) What are the main tools that can be utilise to improve employees
performance at workplace.
Frequency
Providing fair salary 15
Using Motivation theory 15
13
Workplace's Environment Leadership
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20
10
Column B

Interpretation: As per the above discussed report it has been determined that there are certain
factors to improve employees performance. In this Marriott international hotel apply two kind of
methods such as giving fair salary which is agreed by 15 respondents and other 15 are agree as
motivation theory is most effective.
Theme 5: Effectiveness of performance appraisal system
Q5) If performance appraisal system is useful for the growth and development
of company?
Frequency
Agree 24
Disagree 6
14
Providing fair salary Using Motivation theory
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
15 15
Column B

Interpretation: From the above mentioned information it has been determined that
performance appraisal system is useful or not for the development and growth of the hotel. In
this 24 out of 30 respondents are agreed and rest of the population are not agree about this
statement.
Theme 6: Objectives of performance appraisal
Q6) What is the main objective of performance appraisal? Frequency
Assessing training and development requirements 10
Pay rise 10
Promotion 10
15
Agree Disagree
0
5
10
15
20
25
24
6
Column B

Interpretation: As per the above mentioned information or graph it has been concluded
that performance appraisal has different objectives which help the business entity to maximise
better relation with the employees. Beside this, respondents are give equal chances to pay rise,
promotion and assessing of training and development requirements.
Theme 7: Importance of performance appraisal process
Q7) Does process of performance appraisal assist to raise total output of
organisation?
Frequency
Yes 22
No 8
16
Assessing training and development requirements
Pay rise
Promotion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10 10 10
Column B

Interpretation: As per the above discussed graph it has been determined importance of
performance appraisal for raising total output of organisation. In this 30 out of 22 respondents
are agree and rest of the respondents are not agree regarding this statement.
Theme 8: 360 Degree appraisal used by company or not.
Q8) Is process of 360 degree appraisal undertaken in the Marriott International
Hotel?
Frequency
Yes 20
No 10
17
Yes No
0
5
10
15
20
25 22
8
Column B

Interpretation: From the above given graph and data, it hast been concluded that 360
degree appraisal system is applied by the company or not. In this 20 out of 30 respondents are
agree as such system is followed by the Marriott International Hotel to improve organisational as
well as individual performance within predetermined time period. On the other hand 10 out of 30
respondents are not agree as such system is not applied because it takes more rime.
Theme 9: Satisfaction level of employees
Q9) Are you satisfied and happy with the performance appraisal process of the
Marriott International hotel?
Frequency
Yes 26
No 4
18
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20
10
Column B

Interpretation: From the above determined report, it has been identified satisfaction level of the
employees about the performance appraisal system in the operations of Marriott International
hotel. This statement is agreed by the 26 out of 30 respondents and rest of the population are
disagree regarding this statements. Thus, performance appraisal is most significant and beneficial
for the employees to maximise their performance and motivation as well as maintain long lasting
relation in the enterprise.
19
Yes No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 26
4
Column B

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Conclusion
From the above mentioned information it has been concluded that performance appraisal
is essential part for the development and progress of individual and organisation. Company use
different kind of appraisal system such as promotion, fair salary, 360 Degree appraisal and many
other. All these are benefited to the company and its employees to improve their performance
within predetermined period of time. In order to analysis review of the employees, company
conduct research which help them to collect accurate information about the topic. The main
focused of the hotel is to maintain employees turnover and gain better outcomes easily.
Recommendation
From the above mentioned information it has been recommended that performance
appraisal is most effective and beneficial part for the success and growth of enterprise at large
level. It is needed for the firm to provide best system of performance appraisal to the employees
so that they can maximise their motivation and performance level. Hotel should provide quality
and effective services to their employees so that they can maintain better relation with them. It is
the more successful part for the firm to achieve better results. Another recommendation to the
hotel is to followed other system of performance appraisal such as management by objectives,
essay evaluation, rating scale, critical incident technique's and many other.
Limitation of the Research
There are various kind of limitations which are observed at the time period of executing
the research. One of the main limitations and issue is the period of time. Research topic is large
and for acquiring the response and results, specific time is highly needed. So in the entire it can
be determined that time period is less for the all research activities.
20