Aviation Passenger Operation: Ground Handling & Legal Requirements at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol

This report explores the ground handling procedures and facilities at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol that meet the needs of different airlines. It also examines the legal and regulatory requirements for aviation users, with a focus on passengers and airlines. The report provides insights into the services provided by ground handling staff, such as loading and unloading luggage, monitoring passenger safety, servicing the interiors of aircraft, and repairing mechanical faults. It also discusses the legal requirements related to immigration procedures, licensing, route licenses, check-in procedures, and aviation law. The report highlights the importance of complying with these regulations to ensure safe and efficient air travel.

AVIATION PASSENGER OPERATION
GROUND HANDLING & LEGAL
REQUIREMENTS AMSTERDAM
AIRPORT SCHIPHOL

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
How ground handling procedures or facilities meet need of different airlines...........................3
PART 2............................................................................................................................................5
Examining legal and regulatory requirements at Amsterdam Schiphol airport for aviation
users with reference to passengers and airlines...........................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Aviation operations and management encompasses business aspect of airline sector,
different types of business functions are working and performing their role under it in order to
satisfy passengers needs and to achieve objectives of airlines in effective manner. The current
report is based on Amsterdam airport, known as Schiphol airport. It is the main airport in
Netherlands and one of the busiest airports in the world in term of visitors traffic. This study is
based on two part, one part explain facilitate and procedure of ground handling that meets with
the needs of airlines, and part two is justified legal & regulatory requirements at Amsterdam
airport for aviation users refer to airlines and passengers.
Company over view
Amsterdam airport Schiphol is known formally as Schiphol airport. It is the main global
airport of Netherlands. This airport is located 9 Kilo meters south-west of Amsterdam, it
considered as third largest airport in Europe in terms of Busiest in nation and passenger volume.
Amsterdam airport play vital role in aviation industry, as they serve Randstad metropolitan
region. It contributes to generate profit margin for sector by serving range of passengers and
hosts them from over 50 regional and global airlines. The services of this airport are going well,
they will improve it more and show its concern towards consumers. But, due to weather changes
flights delays at airport affect consumer services. Further, rise frequency of electrical storms
through summer season is causing serious issues at airport, lead to more regular flight
cancellations and delays.
PART 1
How ground handling procedures or facilities meet need of different airlines
About handling facilitate of airlines-
Ground handling is broad range of services offer to facilitate an aircraft ground or flight
repositioning, preparation for conclusion of a flight which will add consumers services as well as
ramp service operations (Duda and Stojić, 2019). It considered as service that provided to an
aircraft when it is on the ground and when it parked at a terminal gate of a landing field. Ground
handling procedure meets then needs of different airline effectively, with the help of skilled
labour. Workers within this process perform efficiently, as they are accountable for sorting
freight and baggage, their roles include determination of luggage ultimate destination and

moving it to the right place. Ground handling staff is able to meet the needs and requirement of
airlines, because they are capable to unload and load luggage’s of passenger and work different
odd roles to prepare planes for flight.
Procedures adopt by ground handling staff for airlines-
There are different types of services included in ground handling procedure such as cabin
service, ram, catering, passenger and field function. It also includes distribution and preparation
of flight documents, balance calculations, transmission of all operational information &
notification of all related functions and communication between ground and aircraft services. All
above services offered by this department in order to meet the requirements and needs of airlines.
They want to provide the best services to its passengers and make them feel more comfortable
while long journey. The various facilitates of ground handling are described below-
Load/unload freight & luggage-
The main role of ground handling workers is to load and unload the freight of its
passengers. Traveller wants to get the best facilities when they enter into airport area from the
begging to the end. By providing this service, ground handling department enhance their
experience level in better way, they take luggage and transfer it to right place, this procedure low
down the heavy load of baggages over passengers and allow them to feel free from it. In
additional to it, employees with in this section also observe good care in handling fragile cargo
as it reduce damage risk (Shen, Peng and Tu, 2019). Baggage handling care of staff increase the
motivational level of passenger, it shows the concern of airport towards their visitors. The care
will be taken to assure that loading of cargo and aircraft is accomplished in according to load
planners instructions and that dangerous products are appropriately handled. Good and effective
relationships between ground handlers and airlines are essential for achieving turnaround aims
and objectives.
Monitor safety of travellers-
Another way to meet needs of airlines is monitoring safety of number of passengers, it is
one of the most important thing that provide greater satisfaction to people while travelling. When
visitors aboard ramp or staircase of plane at Amsterdam airport Schiphol, it is the role of and
accountability of ground handlers to assure their safety and guide them courteously. With the
help of getting appropriate directions and guidance, passenger safely reach at flight without any
harm, it meets the need of airline effectively and retain its consumers with them for longer.

Experienced and skilled ground handling workers can perform their role duties in systematic
manner. Safety of passengers is very crucial because it keeps them at ease while flying, it assures
that aircraft will make it to desired destination safely and people sitting beside will land as a safe
flyer (Sheibani, 2020).
Service interiors of aircraft-
The needs of airlines are not limited, they want to cater the best services to its passengers
and also need to increase consumers base in effective manner. In order to meet this need of
airlines, ground handling staff perform accordingly and consider all the factors. Experts within
this section prepare flight for their next journey with number of people who want sitting areas
clean properly. Workers provide their services internally at air place, they clean surface, and
areas around setting in order to keep visitors happy and permit feeling more comfortable. Staff
replace commissary items, clean interiors and restore lavatories. Passengers always desire to
travel in clean airlines who are more concern about their passengers health and safety such as
Amsterdam airport Schiphol.
Repair mechanical faults in aircraft-
Safety of passengers is the main concern of airlines, they always attempt to meet this
requirement in effective manner. Ground handling staff makes mechanical or electrical repairs to
place, workers determine safety and security procedures that help to identify any technical issues
in aircraft or aeroplane which directly affect passengers safety. In subject of loading and
unloading cargo, ground handling employees are accountable for assuring al safety precautions
related to cargo as well as observe its weight. Everything experts can do is accordant to security
and safety protocols established by local or national government for airlines. Ground handlers
are also responsible to concerned managements for loading of dangerous cargo.
Marshalling-
Safe landing and parking is quite essential and beneficial in term of passengers well fare,
marshalling procedure will help to meet this need of airline efficiently. It is considered as
procedure at some airport starts as aircraft methods the site with provision of follow me vehicle
to guide Flights to their assigned parking place, it reduces risk of incident while parking it. As
aeroplane approached stand, vehicle release aircraft direction to either ground personnel or
electronic stand entry guidance systems to guide flights to safely parked at their position. On
departure, marshaller assist in engine start, confirming that area around engine was clear of

dangerous and continuous watching for direction of an engine fire, in results it provides full
safety to passengers and enhance their travelling experience better than before.
Line management service-
It refers to minor, scheduled or unscheduled maintenance carried out on flights that
includes ground handling provides line maintenance services, that entail system providing and
maintenance things, like brake changes and other routine aircraft maintenance.
Different schedule for airlines-
KLM is national Flag carrier airline of Netherlands, it operates from their headquarter
and known as primary hub at Amsterdam Airport. It is one of the oldest airline in the world, with
a heritage of over hundred years. The Flight schedules of KLM airline has been changed due to
Coronavirus, previous had been defined in image below.
Flight schedule of KLM before Coronavirus.
Different terminals on Amsterdam airport Schiphol-
It has one main visitors’ terminal with 6 concourses: B, C. D, E, F, G, H and other.
Terminal building within Amsterdam airport has three level, it has many attractions. It has
approximately 165 boarding gates. Terminal consist of three levels, First- Ground level-arrivals
& ground transportation options, second-departures and check in, Third level- Boarding gates
and airlines lounges. Different types of operations happen in terminals for example, passengers
transfer between ground transportation and facilities that permits them to disembark and board

from aircraft. Terminals operations includes navigation, runway management, ground handling
safety and aircraft landing.
All the terminals in airlines are different from each other, it based on their airlines size
and structure.
From above, it has been analysed that Amsterdam Airport Schipol suggested to improve
their line management services and consumer services while flight cancellation.
PART 2
Examining legal and regulatory requirements at Amsterdam Schiphol airport for aviation users
with reference to passengers and airlines
Global air transportation such as Amsterdam airport is governed by a fragmented and
complex system of international regulatory process. Laws and regulations leverages IATAs
extensive global presence to serve cross border provision of air services in secure, economical
and safe manner (Vagner, Jenčová and Szabo, 2018).
Regulatory and legal requirements at Amsterdam airport related to above criteria-
There are number of structure which have the power to regulate, control and administer
civil aviation. Different types of laws must be considered within airport for passengers and
airlines.
Civil Aviation act 1982-
It gives effect to conventional for suppression of unlawful acts against safety of civil
aviation. The objective of this Act is to secure that British airlines caters air transportation
services which effectively satisfy all substantial needs of passengers, at lowest charges
associated with a extreme standard of safety in offering services to efficient operators on sums
invested in offering services and with protecting sound department of civil air transport sector
(Silversmith, 2016).
Immigration procedure-
It is the place at an Amsterdam airport where government officials and experts check the
legal and approved documents of passengers before entering that nation. It is considered as legal
requirement or procedure at airport related to passenger arriving activity. It includes examination
of traveller passport, visa and other essential related supporting documents like itinerary. On
arrival of all the passengers, airport manager required to focus on their procedure, people move
towards immigration which is one of the most essential things. Workers conduct immigration

check for all the travellers both at time of departure and arrival, their passports are duly stamped
at both situations. Staff must check all the information in passport and then send people to next
step.
When arriving at Amsterdam airport or other from abroad & transferring to domestic
flight, it is fact that people always have to go through immigration, go through customs and then
do through security again. Passengers must check their luggage and baggages, recheck booking
before arriving because it is very important.
Immigration service-
Government official check legal documents of passengers entering that nation, this
procedure included scrutiny of visitor’s passport, visa and other related helping documents like
itinerary and hotel. Police investigation are the type of immigration services in Amsterdam
Airport Schiphol.
Licensing-
It is another legal procedure must considered by Amsterdam airport while running their
business, they need to take operating licence from CAA in order to manage most kinds of
commercial air travel. Holding an operating licence will secure from legal issues that impact on
productivity and profitability of business.
Route licenses-
Another regulatory process for airlines is route licences, it is needed in order to operate
commercial air journey outside home nation, it can only be granted to holders of operating
licences. To operates flights effectively outside boundaries, air carriers will need to designated
by secretary of state under conditions of air services agreement in place between destination
nation and actual country. With the help of complying with route licences, airlines can fly on
routes either partly or wholly outside of European economic areas.
Check in as regulatory procedure for passengers-
It is the procedure of producing boarding pass, which includes departure time, seats
number and gates. Passengers should aim to arrive at airport at least 2 hours for chosen flights
before scheduled departure time of their flight. Further activities within airports take a lot of
time, so it is very essential for people to be at airport before time that complete all the further
inquiry in timely manner.
Aviation law-

It is the branch of law that concerns air travel, flight and associated business and legal
concerns. Some areas of concern overlap that of admiralty law. It is considered a matter of
international law due to nature of air travel. By complying with aviation law airline will provide
their best services to people and sustain for longer with aviation sector.
European and international rules are incorporated in Dutch law, it contains among other
rule and regulations for airports. Aviation safety consist with principles, a high degree of safety
and continuous development therefore, so there is no increase in number of accidents. Airline
proven that it is well aware of fact that prevent is of paramount essential. It means that it is
possible to provide airline sector greater freedom in taking accountable itself on basis of sound
safety management programs.
Airline pay attention to preflight briefing , all the information seems repetitious, within
airlines locations of emergency exits will be closer that might be used in critical situations.
Emergency exist is different depending on air flight that passenger fly on and seat in. some
consumers safely briefings include a few speeches about positions to take in emergency landing.
Before landing and other activities' aircraft staff provide a clear information to passengers which
make them more comfortable.
In context of passengers, while flying from above airport, they must keep in mind few
security requirement during packaging their luggage for trip and when going to airport to board
flight. Passengers not carry certain things on their person past security checkpoint at airports,
they do not carry checked luggage and other things into an aeroplane. Their baggage will be
subject to privacy or security controls before boarding flight (Graham, 2017).
Airlines and airline crew in this airport-
Airlines is a company providing a continuous public service of air transport on one or
several routes. Services provided by airline crew to different passengers satisfy needs of people.
Baggage procedure-
Amsterdam airport Schiphol have baggage procedure, they adopt baggage drop up
procedure.
Boarding gate-
They have Boarding gate where passenger boarding has been checked by workers or
cabin crew members.
How passengers get check in-

To check in at the airport passenger enter into premises and then reach at luggage
checking counter, where staff weight burgages. Visitor collect their boarding pass after luggage
checking, in which seat number, gates number and departure time has been mentioned. Airlines
workers guide and direct people to how to check in.
What is happening with duty free service-
Duty free services permits travellers or passengers who are leaving nation where products
are purchased chance to save money on goods like Fragrances, chocolates and luxury goods. In
duty free service passenger can carry products without paying extra amount in luggage. Products
purchased from duty free services, by passengers were not consider as extra luggage, it is free
carry. At some airline passengers need to pay this service for example Spice get, on the other
hand in Emirates flight visitors do not need to pay for duty free services.
Differences between airlines staff and passengers-
Airlines workers are the key elements of business success, staff is everyone that works
and performs on aircraft. They are able to increase productivity of business and passengers
increase profit margin of Airlines. Passenger pay money for exchange of services provided by
airlines staff.
Differences in facilities between airline services-
Transavia and KLM both provide their services to number of passengers, but their
services are different. Transavia provide their consumer services in effective manner, its
customer service staff assist passenger after and before flight cancelation. On the other, KLM
airline focus on F&B services, they offer a selection of cold and free hot drinks including
alcoholic beverages, soft drinks and tea.
Differences of quality Between Airside and Landside-
Airports are distinguished into airside and landside areas; they both are different from
each other. Landside area is utilized and open to public, while access to airside area it strongly
controlled. Airside area include all sections of airport around the flight, and areas of buildings
that are only available to staff and passengers. Landside area is for public and airside area is for
visitors and workers of airlines.
All above legal procedure followed by airport and they can improve after analysing.

CONCLUSION
From above analysis, it has been concluded that ground handling process and facilitate is
quite beneficial in term of productivity as well as profitability. It helps through providing their
service to meet the needs of airline, they help to satisfy passenger and work according to their
needs. Furthermore, it has been summarized that by following the legal and regulatory
requirement at airport for aviation users Amsterdam airport and other airlines can sustain for
longer in their industry.

REFERENCES
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