Occupational Health and Safety Literature Review

This assignment requires a comprehensive literature review on occupational health and safety. It examines the influence of organizational practices, psychosocial safety climates, and individual perceptions on workplace safety. The review should delve into topics like accident under-reporting, risk assessment adoption, and the role of ecological risk assessments. Key studies are provided to guide your research.

Running head: Belleview Care Home 1
Belleview Care Home

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Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Systems, policies and procedures...........................................................................................4
M1: legislations and regulations......................................................................................................5
D3: Health and safety information pack..........................................................................................5
1.2 Responsibilities in the health and social care workplace.......................................................6
1.3 Health and safety priorities....................................................................................................7
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Risk assessment within Belleview Care Home analyse.........................................................8
2.2 discussion about one aspect...................................................................................................9
2.3 discussion about dilemma that may be encountered..............................................................9
2.4 The effects of disobedience..................................................................................................10
M2: Comparison of health and safety procedures.........................................................................10
D1: Address the Discussed Dilemmas...........................................................................................11
Task 3.............................................................................................................................................12
3.1 Monitoring and reviewing at Belleview Care Home...........................................................12
3.2 The efficiency of policies and practices in Belleview Care Home......................................12
3.3 Own contributions................................................................................................................12

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M3: Supportive Argument.............................................................................................................13
D2: Plan for unexpected incidents.................................................................................................13
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................15
References......................................................................................................................................16

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Introduction
Health and safety is considered as integral part at the workplace. Management and
workers both are liable for ensuring health and safety in health and social care service. It is the
report which will center on the legislation in health and social care services. As per case study
Belleview Care Home will be taken and discussion will be made. The special consideration will
be reflected to recognize the risk associated. Additional the dilemma will be come across with
respect to the execution of the policies and procedures regarding measurement of health and
safety.

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Task 1
1.1 Systems, policies and procedures
Belleview Care Home in the London Borough of Hillingdon was inspected and it has
been found that there are so many things which are related to unhygienic. There are several
policies and actions for communicating in sequence of health and social care at work place.
Health and safety at work act 1974 and management of health and safety at work regulations
1999 are major key legislation to improve the condition of the care home. These acts are helpful
to control the risk and to make an environment where people are consulted and feel involved.
Employees of care home will have obligations under the act to take care of others and cooperate
with employees and clients in the Belleview care home. Along with that there are legislation of
food such as Food Safety Act 1990, Food Safety Regulations 1995 and Food Safety
(Temperature Control) Regulations 1995. These acts are cover the preparation and storage and
service of food it will be helpful for the care home to keep concern about the quality of food and
it should be strictly followed by new manager of care home so that the complaints of residents
can be stayed away (Zanko and Dawson, 2012). There are various methods in which information
about health and safety can be conveyed to staff. Training program is helpful for Belleview care
home because with the help of training the employees of the care home will get aware about the
policies of the care home. Information regarding care home should be exchanged in an
appropriate manner and record should be kept in systematic way so that in case of urgent
requirement the detail of patient as well as employee can be found quickly.

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M1: legislations and regulations
There are number of legislations which may support to health and safety at health and safety
workplace. These are health and safety work act 1974, management of health and safety at work
regulations 1992, health and safety regulations 1981, food and safety act 1990 and food safety
regulations 1995. These acts would be aided to handle the wide range of issues regarding
workplace health and safety. The acts related to food are covered the preparation and storage
and service of food, it will be helpful for the care home to keep concern about the quality of food
and it should be strictly followed by new manager of care home so that the complaints of
residents can be stayed away (Zanko and Dawson, 2012).
D3: Health and safety information pack

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1.2 Responsibilities in the health and social care workplace
As per the health and safety work act 1974, it is the responsibility of the each worker to
think twice before doing specific and important task. It is the responsibility of the management to
identify and disclose possible process to the public and should avoid the conflict of their personal
interest to maintain trust. It has been studied through case study that the staff of the Belleview
care home has not self regulation and they are not found respectful to their duties while
inspecting. Physician should be engaged to lifelong learning and they should be responsible to
the sufficient identified quality in the context of treatment a patient otherwise patient of care
home can be go under critical and risky zone (Burke, Clarke and Cooper, 2011). The staffs of
the care home are not responsible towards their duty so it is necessary for the manager and the
new appointed staff should concern about the patients and resolve their queries and concern
about health as soon as possible. The management of the health care should focus on the
hygienic thing. Bathroom and residential area of patients should be cleaned twice in a day. The
manager of the Belleview care home should follow the legislation of health care such as Health
and safety at work act 1974 and along with that process of the organization should be analyzed in
efficient manner by involving auditing and risk assessment.

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1.3 Health and safety priorities
As per Law, Dollard, Tuckey and Dormann, (2011), it is the accountability of the
management of the care home to make sure that all employees are trained in an appropriate
manner on the issues of health and safety at the organizational workplace. The care home of
Belleview should be cleaned which is important to avoid food poisoning and others epidemic.
Another issue in health and care can be fire extinguishing system. It should be the priority of
management of the care home to provide fast treatment to a most vulnerable position
(McNamara, Griffin, Kinsella and Phelan, 2017). The equipments of the health care home
should be inspected in conjunction with lifting operations and lifting equipment regulations
1998. The working duty of the staff and the manager of the organization should be fixed,
Belleview has lacking in management of their professional so it is the necessary of the new
manager of the care home to delegate the work and responsibility as per the ability of the staff.
Along with that it has been analyzed through case study that there was evidence of communal
use of washed continence underwear and poor quality care. The manager of the care home
should concern about the cleanliness because it would enhance the disease hastily within the care
home (Shepard, Hadhazy, Frederick, Nicol, Gade, Cardon, Wilson, Vetteth and Madison, 2014).
Training should be given to all employees with Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992.
It should encompass the general things regarding health and safety such as infection control.

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Task 2
2.1 Risk assessment within Belleview Care Home analyse
Risk management is considered as a way to seek information to recognize the certain race
in an individual based on patient such as disease, habit, vulnerability, age and weight. Risk
assessment is integral part in the context of care planning. If the structure of risk assessment is
not appropriate then the policies regarding health and safety could never be executed or
structured in a proper way (Hasle and Limborg, 2006). The procedure of risk assessment within
Belleview Care Home is as mentioned:
1- Recognise the vulnerability
2- Determine who can be harmed and how
3- Evaluation of risk
4- Record the findings and execute them
5- Review assessment
The policy of risk management is based on the decision making process for organisation and
individual. The information of risk assessment facilitates to take plan of risk management to
assess, manage and decrease recognized risks to the users of service, healthcare stuffs and
members of the public. Care planning should be done for the purpose of ensuring safety and
increasing the wellbeing. Belleview care home should implement the new strategies and
communicate with staff.

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2.2 discussion about one aspect
It is recognized that there are several aspects that can help to make the perfect
combination for not only clients but also for staff. One aspect of Health and safety policy is to
make sure the hygienic and food safety at the workplace. It has been found in Belleview that
there are some rooms which are not clean in proper manner and the smell of urine within room is
so strong. It has been analyzed that if the sanitation is not appropriate within the setting of
organization then the fear of spreading bacteria could be increased. The care team and own
practices defines that due to not giving proper attention to the element of cleanliness even at very
small stage have able to build such blunders and negative results in the context of health of
people. It has been found in case of risk analysis that ignoring the clean environment within the
operation theatre might be able to give harmful effect to both doctor as well as patients. It defines
the necessity of cleanliness and hygiene maintenance which have got huge priority into the
policy of Health and safety. The patient should be cared in proper manner and risk assessment
should be considered to evaluate the risk (Zohar, 2010).
2.3 discussion about dilemma that may be encountered
There are so many problems in relation to Execute systems and policies for health and
safety at the organisation setting. Impossible major dilemma could be regarding to convey all the
events and policies within the organisation at various level of hierarchal. Training is an integral
part for the health and safety care home and due to lack of training towards operating the
machineries and equipments could also be measured dilemma regarding to implementing the
system and policies (Geldart, Smith, Shannon and Lohfeld, 2010). Other dilemma could be
related to the sensitivity regarding spread of viruses and germs in the organization. Lack of

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knowledge about the information regarding progress of patient’s treatment and organization
policies are also the major dilemma in relation to implement policies and system. Training
should be given in appropriate manner and procedure of giving training should be accomplished
as per practical base so that staff and the member of health and social care get to know about
how to treat with the patient and how to maintain the dignity and respect of the organization in
the point of view of outsider (Costa and Vieira, 2010
2.4 The effects of disobedience.
The role of laws and legislation in the health and social care home are important and due
to lack of lack of policies, organization has to face numerous issues. There are some examples
which could have been seen in the case study of Belleview Care home that violation of privacy
of patient, failure to assess the risk, failure to maintain the hygienic food facility, low job
satisfaction, high staff turnover and lack of availability of cleanliness staff. The influence of the
failure to meet the legislation affects both employee as well as the employers (Baldock, James,
Smallbone & Vickers, 2006). Belleview has to face financial fine, cancelation of license and
imprisonment for few years due to lack of safety and breaching rules of health and safety act. As
per the section 37 of the health and safety act of 1974, if member of health and social care found
to ignore his duty willingly in case he can be brought to court and action would be taken against
him. That is why it is essential for the Belleview care home to act as per legislation.
M2: Comparison of health and safety procedures
The health and safety program is essential component of every organization. The children’s
home is carried out some different health and safety procedure because there are so many little
children live who have not sense about right or wrong. The health and safety policy at children

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home is more concerned about first aid facility and risk assessment. On the other hand there are
number of acts that facilitates to health and safety workplace from hazards. The cooking area in
care home should be hygienic and it is required for the care home to follow food safety act 1990.
D1: Address the Discussed Dilemmas
There are various kind of dilemmas in health and safety workplace such as resource implication,
risk of self and others and amendments in legislations. Risk should be analyzed in an adequate
manner not only for others but also for self. Another dilemma can be food and safety issue, it can
be improved by Belleview care home to provide proper training about the rules and policies.
Environment issue is another dilemma, it is essential for the staff of the care home to maintain
the silence. It can be addressed by following various ways such as managing own values,
following the work ethics and through risk assessment.

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Task 3
3.1 Monitoring and reviewing at Belleview Care Home.
I have been working with new management for nearly six months and I am asked to
gather the information for the upcoming inspection. There are some factors such as review of
factors, auditing of risks, updating the policies and procedures and knowledge from experience
and for enhancing the effectiveness in the Belleview care home, a home care should take note of
past threats and build the strategies for reducing the repetition. In my organization, we are
ensuring that task should be accomplished with the monitoring of practices of health and safety
(Dollard and Bakker, 2010).
3.2 The efficiency of policies and practices in Belleview Care Home
An effectively organized health and safety policy certainly achieve the goals and health
and safety and keep promise to deliver the service to the patients by providing better
performance. There are so many aspects which are able to increase the effectiveness of health
and safety policies and practices in Belleview Care Home in promoting a positive, healthy and
safe culture. Along with the cleanliness hygienic environment and the fire and emergency
precautions are essential practices that able to ensure positive and safe environment in Belleview.
Along with that the effectiveness of policies and procedures consist offering of training related to
policies and procedures and security in services (Christian, Bradley, Wallace and Burke, 2009).
3.3 Own contributions
My own contribution in placing the health and safety need of individuals can be
distinguished into benefits for the organization and benefits for the employees (Suter, 2016). In

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the term of organizational benefits my own contribution is improved staff morale, reduce risks of
fines, a positive and caring image and reduce staff turnover. In the context of employee benefits
my own contributions are reducing stress and improve the efficiency of workers by providing
them job satisfaction (Probst and Estrada, 2010). I have collected the information regarding
health and safety and address them in a perfect manner so that in next inspection Belleview care
home should not get faulted due to insufficient services. I am liable to provide regular updates on
reliable issues to make aware staff of the Belleview care home. I interacted with individuals,
group and agencies to know about the status of care home in the view of them and recommended
to improve the condition of the care home.
M3: Supportive Argument
It has been stated by Probst and Estrada, (2010), that there are two pints of evaluation,
one is personal evaluation and another is professional evaluation. Risk assessment is one of the
major aspects in the health care organization because it provides the potential vulnerability of
organizational policies and the situation of patient. Dollard and Bakker, (2010) argued that
effectiveness of health and safety policies are reliable on promoting health and social care like
organizational environment and promotion of healthy life styles. It is vital for the care home to
review of practice and offer safe and open feedback so that the point of view of outsiders as well
as experienced employee and patient can be evaluated in order to improving the condition of the
care home.
D2: Plan for unexpected incidents
No-one knows what will happen in next. That is why it is essential for the Belleview care
home to plan for future in an adequate manner so that in case of urgent requirement, required

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things should be available. In case of emergency and the safety hazards, core committee ensures
that all precaution regarding safety should be placed. Training process should be done in
sophisticated manner so that the service provider can give effective services to the patient. For
instance, a patient who is physically disabled will get certainly the services from health and
safety providers that come under health and safety regulations 1981.

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Conclusion
It has been concluded that sustaining the health and safety of customers and staff are mandatory
at large scale. The decision making can be improved if the staff of the care home is able to line
up with roles and responsibilities. It is important for the Belleview care home to provide better
services in the context of cleanliness and hygienic environment and analyze risk assessment
appropriately. The dilemma of care home can be easily managed by providing efficient training
and development program to the staff towards providing effective training.

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References
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Burke, R.J., Clarke, S. and Cooper, C.L. eds., 2011, Occupational health and safety, Gower
Publishing, Ltd..
Christian, M.S., Bradley, J.C., Wallace, J.C. and Burke, M.J., 2009, Workplace safety: a meta-
analysis of the roles of person and situation factors.
da Costa, B.R. and Vieira, E.R., 2010, Risk factors for work‐related musculoskeletal disorders: a
systematic review of recent longitudinal studies, American journal of industrial medicine, 53(3),
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Dollard, M.F. and Bakker, A.B., 2010, Psychosocial safety climate as a precursor to conducive
work environments, psychological health problems, and employee engagement, Journal of
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Geldart, S., Smith, C.A., Shannon, H.S. and Lohfeld, L., 2010, Organizational practices and
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Hasle, P. and Limborg, H.J., 2006, A review of the literature on preventive occupational health
and safety activities in small enterprises, Industrial health, 44(1), pp.6-12.

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