Business Law and Legal Systems

This assignment delves into the foundational aspects of business law. It examines various sources of law, including statutory legislation and case precedents, highlighting their influence on business practices. The hierarchical structure of legal systems is explored, emphasizing how different levels of courts operate within a framework of authority. Furthermore, the assignment analyzes the crucial role of government in shaping legal frameworks through lawmaking processes, ultimately impacting the conduct of businesses.

BUSINESS LAW

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
SECTION 1......................................................................................................................................1
P1 Structure of English legal system and other sources of law..................................................1
P2 Role played by government in making laws and statutory law in court................................3
SECTION 2 .....................................................................................................................................5
P3 (a) Legal obligation of employees.........................................................................................5
(b.) Employees and their effect and contract law on their company. .........................................6
SECTION 3......................................................................................................................................7
P4 Legal and effective solution for the business problem. ........................................................7
P5 Justification............................................................................................................................8
SECTION 4 ....................................................................................................................................8
P6 (a) Concept and benefits of alternative resolution of their disputes......................................8
(b.) Recommendation................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Law works under the set of protocols which are posted by legal bodies to create a free
environment from crime. Moreover, policy and procedure are being introduced by including
beliefs and different norms for the various industry or can say corporate world. Therefore, these
set of procedure have to be followed by companies so that they can bring legal working while
they run their business in an effective way (Bagley, 2010). Although the project is segmented
into three parts and that thing highlight the various rights and responsibility of worker in whole
organisation. Hence, this also includes different laws of employment act which somewhere make
company to understand the case in a proper manner. In aspect to all such the purpose of this
study is to identify importance of laws and policy and procedure posted by government bodies
for corporate industries. Apart from all such, assignment will highlight on systematic hierarchy
of legal bodies and the way they make a decision on many things and roles played by employees
in success factor of business for the job in effective way.
SECTION 1
P1. Structure of English legal system and other sources of law
English legal system is also known as the European legal framework and with such it has
expanded into various countries which consists with earlier English colonies as well. Unique
characteristics of such system is that it is related with the doctrine of judicial precedents where
they have been judged and moreover, they are bound with different judgement of various
tribunal. Therefore, it covers other laws of related society and it is almost implemented for the
development and secured part of community and other regions (Crane and Matten, 2016).
English Legal System is such as in this decision and policy of higher court and it is being
considered as final and this judgement has to be accepted by all lower judiciary.
Although this has been divided into two parts and it is as follows:
Civil law: This law is such which deals with various conflicts in organisation and such
may solve issues and problems in between company and industry parties. Generally, civil law is
segmented into two parts as in statutory and non-statutory law although those things which come
under the statutory law are considered as problem of many consumer and various supplier. Civil
law also consider different day to day problems and it is considered when it is being sued for the
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damages and losses. Although those thing which come under the non-statutory scenario are
considered as breach of contract and wrongful acts etc.
Illustration 1: Hierarchical English Structure
(Source: Hierarchical structure of English structure, 2017)
Criminal Law: This law is used by government bodies when act is done against the
society law or crime has done which harms life of different people. Moreover, this consider only
those cases which is being related to criminal arrest scenario and somewhere making an
interrogation with the cross examination of case.
Sources of law
It is that which includes all those criteria like birth or origin of various norms, beliefs and
different rules and regulation as well which is being taken as act by legal bodies of or the
structure of English legal (Bodie, Kane and Marcus, 2014). Therefore, sources of law help in
analysing the reason of introduction of various things as every norm has some specific purpose
and the motive. However, there are some sources of law which are discussed as below:
 Statutes: UK legislation assembly has considered legal bodies as development
parliaments. As acts were legally enacted by parliament for the maintaining and
developing the environment of different society.
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 Customs: - Moreover various tradition, customs and religion are there in country and for
them different laws are enacted so that different people can be analysed and of every
religion as well.
 Treaties: - This is also known as rules and regulations of nation and it has to be followed
by various people as because this is part of society and to help such in effective manner
(DiMatteo, 2010). Moreover, laws are also related with various treaties.
Illustration 2: Source of law
Source: Source of laws, 2017
P2 Role played by government in making laws and statutory law in court.
Government is such which plays an effective role in making law for nation and this
include various facts and figures. Statutory rule which is being taken by bodies and in starting it
was known with the name as bill and this was brought up in front of parliament. Moreover,
systematic procedure is that which is being followed by various legislature as before making any
of law and it was gathered by different information and this was the thing which made them
more efficient. General assembly is such which is being top legislative assembly in UK and they
are also analysed and used to examine various performance of government (Eren and et. al.,
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2012). Therefore, different MP of nation make their house in common and thus it is being
included as house of lords, which other make their decision with the agreement of different
member. Normally, a bill is that which bring selected MP's with all house of lords. Hence, every
member has right to reject the bill is they did not find out as profitable. Thus there are steps
which is being followed by advisory bodies and various laws is being described in various as
follows:
Bill:- Bill is that which is being a presented law and somewhere it is divided in three
different parts and those are as:
 Public bill: It is such which include all information of nation and it is mainly prepared by
the cabinet for reforming various laws of country and it is considered as green paper.
 Private bill: Private bills are those which is being done and prepared by the backbencher
MP.
 Public bills: This is that which is being introduced by local authority and large companies
of UK. These are such as, it also include various steps of reading and some of those are as
◦ First Reading:- In this reading the bill is read by different member of common
house.
◦ Second Reading:- Systematic debate is there which is taking place in various ways
and thus it also take place according to the discussion of different members vote that
bill is showed should go further or not.
◦ Committee stage: Proper analyse is done for understanding the scenario as where the
need of bill. In this situation government make an pros and cons of such so that they
can make a right assessment (Foss and Knudsen, 2013).
◦ Report stage: In this stage the further part is done as voting system is brought on
track by member of house.
◦ Third reading: At this stage bill again is being presented in front of member so that
they can make negotiation and final decision can be taken and can be selected
towards proper agenda.
◦ House lords: Bill again was presented to assembly so that they can make a proper
assessment of above stages in right contrast.
◦ Royal assent: Last stage, it is such where monarch will approve the bill in the formal
way and moreover this will become the act of parliament.
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Illustration 3: Role of government in law making
(Source: Role of government in law making, 2017)
SECTION 2
P3 (a) Legal obligation of employees.
Employees are those which is being a effective and efficient asset of whole business as
because they are those who control and manage everything which is done by them only.
Therefore legal bodies has executed various obligations for the employees and some of those are
as follows :
Occupational safety act: It is that which consider the safety, well-being and
development of the individual while working and in also include the various demand workers are
having (Grundfest, 2010). It is a responsibility of top executive to create working station full of
free from dangers and should have various protection criteria of employees at the time of their
working in company.
Compensation of employees: This is in the form of insurance provided to worker of
organisation and thus it is being done in ways of medical benefits, allowances and retirement
benefits to employees. Moreover this concept is based ion providing extra benefits to employees
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and it is also known as extra income or facility for workers and somewhere business also fulfil
the needs and demands of employees.
Equal opportunity: Therefore in accordance of such law, every people and employees
has the equal right to work in organisation and thus equal chance to each subordinate should be
there so that they can work in effective way (Johnson, 2013). Moreover this being created for
the purpose of making a equality in between employees and the employer which will lead to
discriminate on various thing like colour, caste and gender etc.
(b.) Employees and their effect and contract law on their company.
Therefore, in case study a girl is there, having a age of 16 which is being appointed by
company so she can make a fast food although at the time of her working scenario she met with
an accident which was being fully ignored by different manager in business. Hence, she slipped
on floor because of water leakage and her hand went inside the deep fat container which was
very hot and she faced several burns in her left hand. Therefore, according to law it is considered
as illegal and unlawful act of supervisor of entity and as instance various unlawful activity is
going on company and those are as follows:
 First illegal working of supervisor is that a girl whose age is 16 is not liable for job and
somewhere it is an unlawful working done by organisation.
 According to examination there was lack of safety and security things in their department
which lead to accident of girl and she faced several injuries.
 Normally, manager of organisation becomes attentive after such accident but in such case
the manager of company is ignoring and behaving like nothing has happened in firm.
 Although instead of all such other things were also there.
Generally, considering such scenarios that firm should follow and use the employee's act
which was introduced by legal bodies of country. Therefore, the main aim of employment and
their laws is also used to motivate them and offer various opportunity to different worker so that
they can perform at work place in right contrast (Kinicki and Kreitner, 2012). Government
bodies has made various and numerous beliefs and rule and regulation which is being fully
applicable in every kind of business. Although the girl has the power of making sue over
manager and organisation for the damages she has faced and can go with claim and should make
them to improve the side of their lenient behaviour of people. At least, it is required to have a
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better understanding the governing bodies which is being implemented with the numerous laws
which lead to have and handle equality in business and at workplace as well.
SECTION 3
P4 Legal and effective solution for the business problem.
According to such case, as Calvin is a person who is working in clothing company and
fashion house with their various colleagues. Donna was a supervisor of such workers which lead
to direct them in right contrast. One day the supervisor checked her petty cash in proper way and
in such she found not available balance as thought. She did not cared anything and without any
proof she fired and terminated Calvin from the job as she thought this must be done by Calvin
(Mann and Roberts, 2011). This case goes under unfair dismissal of employees as she did not
having any proof and genuine reason for firing him.
For such situation Calvin has the rights to sue Donna for her unlawful activity done by
people. Although the according to legal bodies of government and for such thing various solution
are available for the business issues and some of them are stated below as:
 It is required to identify the things which is hidden in contrast and such thing can be
identified by appointing the research team after such a proper solution can be provided to
that situation only.
 Moreover, facts and figures are required to solve such situation in right prospect.
Apart from such criteria it has to be considered as Donna should not go with unfair
judgement and will not make any discrimination in their employees from the next time.
The other situation and the case study is related with scenario like making recovery
amount by the insurance companies. Moreover, in this criteria, father of Kelvin had their shop
and that get damaged due to fire and they opened up their new store at other place and went on
with having insurance of their shop. Although main thing from such study is to recover such
amount which is being got wastage of company and they tried to receive more money after
showing the accurate fact and figure in right prospect (Nichols, 2012). Along with and
considering the things like as they are trying to solve such situation and issue out of court as they
don't want to spend their money on hearing. Father of Kelvin is looking to solve their situation
without spending a single money and they think that they can make judgement after meeting
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outside court and be able to provide a better solution to all such criteria and problems in proper
manner.
P5 Justification.
Moreover the solution provided to their problems are considered as much more effective
in their problems and issues in resolving such and it has also considered the relevant facts and
figures in right mannerism. Therefore, it has seen that in case of Donna and Calvin a unlawful
activity was done and such thing also has affected their working situation and all the work in
effective way. Hence, the leader and supervisor of Calvin should make an effective strategy,
policy and procedure so that they can bring up the hidden thing as well so that unlawful cannot
be done in future context and it is also required to ask question to their employees as people who
are working with Calvin so that accurate and appropriate solution can be provided and also can
minimise the unlawful activity in organisation (Robson, 2010).
Although in the other case father of Kelvin is trying hard to solve their issues and
problems out of court so that they can save their money and somewhere they can acquire almost
the maximum amount of money and can make a claim with the insurance business and such for
their recovery as well. This is that case which does not want to go in court and people want to
solve and settle down by their owns self so that money can be saved and does not want to listen
the hearing dates.
However, the solution provided to them is very much accurate and perfect according to
facts and figures, as solution for both cases for above discussed are more appropriate and with
such all the barriers can be resolved and can work in effective manner and can face their issues in
further life as well (Siedel and Haapio, 2010).
SECTION 4
P6 (a) Concept and benefits of alternative resolution of their disputes.
Somewhere the ADR is such which is being used to solve barriers and conflict in
between the two parties and the method which is considered as way of removing the various
obstacles and it is almost used by different and various countries in world. Hence, alternate
evaluation is acquired and this is being adopted by the general public and overall society in
country (Snyder and Deaux, 2012). Moreover, according to such various techniques is adopted
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by organisation to resolve the situation and problems and with the help of mediator and third
party as well and it helps to clear all the hidden statement in right prospect.
Therefore the major thing of ADR theory is that which is being used by the company as
this help company to solve their disputes and between parties and such thing help tree different
tools and some of those are as follows in such criteria as:
Negotiation: In such situation there is not availability of third party and those party who
come in agreement are liable to solve their issues and problem by their own strength and in this
the relevant fact and figure is although discussed in right manner so that accurate solution can be
provided to them.
Mediator: In such situation there is a third party who is responsible for transferring the
message of one party to another party in effective way and such thing help them top remove
problem faced by them (Spalding, 2011). Although, in this various tool are there and in such
mediator is that which plays a important role as because they are those on which all the matter is
dependent and responsible for solving the various situation occurred in working criteria of
agreement maker.
Arbitration: This theory says that and in this situation the contractors hire a judge and
other person to solve their issues and problems so that they can work in right contrast. Providing
solution to individual and other thing with relevant figure and fact in proper manner.
Moreover, with such situation it is understood that various alternatives are there which is
being dispute resolution are there which is very much appropriate and somewhere it also
considered as beneficial for solving the disputes and issues in between the other parties in proper
format (Swartz, Cole and Shelley, 2010). Therefore, various benefits are there of ADR and such
thing has to be followed in right contrast and some of those are as follows:
 Although, various clear and hidden statement are given in proper statement.
 It is having a responsibility of effective strategy and it also resolve various issues and
time period without wasting time of individual in proper manner.
 Moreover, in this the minimum amount of capital is required to have a effective working.
 Should have a minimum number of person in market so that efficient can work in right
mannerism.
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(b.) Recommendation.
According to given situation, the Antwon and Tyrell are person who is working from last
so many years. Although, it has seen that various issues and problems does arise and this take a
lot time to make him resolved in right mannerism. There are various things which is creating
hurdle and conflict in between the parties and this affect their working in various ways and also
hampers functioning of their working and enterprise. In all such situation is that which is being
used to and suggested to both although threat also can be there as they can also go with the
arbitration of process and parties which are included with this and they lead to that level of
solution where they both get satisfied with such situation and somewhere it is all acceptable by
all. They both has to higher arbitrator and it is required to tell them all facts which is being
related to different conflict (Ye, Q and et. al., 2011).
This is that which is being helpful for people to understand the each other point of view
and it make resolve the matter and bringing both parties at such level where they can feel that
solution is accurate and get satisfied. Although this thing is such which make them to continue
their working in proper manner and various operations can be maintained with relationship for
longer period.
Apart from such thing it is such method which is being maintained by them in right
contrast and it include internal affairs which will be used by image and both the parties can be
involved in such scenario. Although this method is expensive in nature and in it must cost is
required and somewhere this can be utilised for further by both the parties and profits are
maintained by them in right mannerism. More time is somewhere it is involved ad they go with
again and again to court so that they can resolve their conflict in proper mannerism and within
the time period as well.
Therefore, it has been seen and understood that the various alternative dispute resolution
are there which is on of impressive strategy and somewhere they minimise the fights in between
the parties. Moreover, the outcome from recommendation is that and concludes as Antwon and
Tyrell has to go and adapt the arbitration scheme in ADB which help them have their working in
right mannerism and such thing make to solve different type conflict and problems.
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CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been stated that, laws are important part for industry and
there are various advantageous role in their business. Moreover, it shows that business law is
such which help an organisation in running their firm in effective way. Basically, different
norms, rules and regulation with the healthy competition is there in between their competitors as
having no presence of discrimination. Apart from all, report has discussed about the laws and
which is being used by them for their business world and at the time of running firm various
thing help in attaining their set target and aim. Although this is being that main motto behind this
is that it shows necessity and various rules and regulation are there at their workplace and help of
specific things. Moreover, it has been understood that laws plays an specific role in fulfilling
needs of employees and employer by seeing that protecting them with exploitation with the help
of various acts available to know with legal bodies.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Crane, A and Matten, D., 2016. Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and
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Eren, S.S and et. al., 2012. Caching message fragments during real-time messaging
conversations. U.S. Patent 8,255,473.
Foss, N.J and Knudsen, C. eds., 2013. Towards a competence theory of the firm (Vol. 2).
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Grundfest, J.A., 2010. The SEC's Proposed Proxy Access Rules: Politics, Economics, and the
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Johnson, L., 2013. Unsettledness Delaware Corporate Law: Business Judgment Rule, Corporate
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Kinicki, A and Kreitner, R., 2012. Organizational behavior: Key concepts, skills & best
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Snyder, M and Deaux, K., 2012. Personality and social psychology. In The Oxford handbook of
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Spalding, A.B., 2011. The Irony of International Business Law: US Progressivism, China’s New
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Online
Alternative dispute resolution (ADR). 2017. Available through
<https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/consumer/alternative-dispute-resolution/settling-
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Alternative dispute resolution. 2017. Available through
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