Role of IT in Success and Failure of Business

This report discusses the role of information technology in the success and failure of businesses, including ethical and social issues, different networking technologies, and the importance of intranet and internet in organizations.

CFPBUS003
Introduction to
information
technology

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Literature review .............................................................................................................................1
Analysis and discussion ..................................................................................................................2
Discuss the role of IT in success and failure of business ...........................................................2
Ethical and social issues in running a businesses .......................................................................3
Identify and differentiate different networking technologies .....................................................4
Importance of intranet and internet in organisation ...................................................................5
Different stage of system development life cycle ......................................................................6
Analysis on basis on advantage and disadvantage of Tesco in general in investing the
information technology ..............................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Information technology defines an effective term that helps in storing, transmitting,
manipulating and collecting the data and information that is very useful in the operations of
business. It is very useful to communicating and transferring the information to the other person
so that businesses may get more profits. For completing the project this study include retail
sector organisation i.e. Tesco which is the largest retail groceries store in UK and deals in
varieties of range of products like food, clothing, financial services etc. This report is based on
role of IT in the success and failure of business enterprise. It also involves social and ethical
issues that helps in operating the organisation with the use of information technology. Further it
involves the benefit5s of internet and intranet within the business enterprise. At last it explains
the various stages of system development life cycle that is effective to operate and manage the
company work in an effective and efficient way(Rajaraman, 2018).
Literature review
Information technology refers to an technical term which is used and adopt by the various
types of institutions, businesses etc. to collect, retain and transfer the information which is useful
for earning more revenues. According to “ND Century code” IT refers to the use of different
services, supporting infrastructure, software and hardware in delivering the different information
to other person within or outside the firm premises by using data, voice or videos.
Role of IT in retail sector business
In retail sector business venture IT play an essential role in managing and organizing the
objectives of the business. Due to increment in globalisation company sales and operations may
be affected and to handle all the work in a productive way firm may adopt the use of
IT(Hemrungrote, Jakkaew and Assawaboonmee, 2017). In Tesco, manager may adopt the
information technology that helps in maintaining accuracy and speed in work and due to this
enterprise may easily analyse the taste and preference of customers so that they earn high profits.
Different types of networking
In information technology there are various types of network by using this information is
exchanging and deliver to the needy one and this technologies basically connected with
computers and connection devices. It involves different networking such as LAN, WAN, MAN
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etc. this network helps in connecting the company within the globe and run their operations for
earning higher revenues.
Social and ethical issues in using technology
Social and ethical issues are arises in different aspects of organisation such as financial
services, operating services and many others. Basically in IT it is related to reliability, security
and quality of the business. And this terms will be affected because employees are using internet
and intranet for their personal use also due to this leaking of information is common and it is
related to social and ethical issues within organisation and society(Zhai and Massung, 2016). In
this HR manager is organising training and development session so that they can train their
employees and save them from mistakes.
Benefits of intranet and internet in organisation
Internet refers to an global network helps in connecting the world with standard
communication protocols. It is beneficial to research and communicating globally. Intranet
defines the local network that is restricted communication within the organisation or a premises
only. It is significant to enhance the productivity of employees and saving time of people in
transferring information.
Analysis and discussion
Discuss the role of IT in success and failure of business
Role of IT in success of business
Information technology is use of hardware, software etc. that helps in collecting
retrieving and organising the information flow in an effective way. In this data is converted into
useful information that helps the Tesco to take the decisions effectively and fastly with the use of
information technology. Due to using the IT within firm helps in transferring the information
with the right person and in a timely manner. This also helps manager to gives the unique
solution to the issues arises that is related to employees and technology so that it can be managed
in an effective way. Information technology in Tesco helps in efficiently done the daily
operations that does not include more cost and time due to this firm may indulge in capturing
more opportunities that helps in making more profits. It inculcates configuration of information
that helps in judging and taking right opportunity(Xiang, Magnini and Fesenmaier, 2015).
Role of IT in failure of business
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In today's world use of IT is very trending and due to this many large and medium size
organisation are adopting it. But at the same time it sometimes become a reason of failure of
company. In context of Tesco, manager can use the IT for storing their essential data for future
use but due to hacking of information by their competitors create a drastic impact on their image
and they may reduce their sales and profits. Sometimes employees can online share the data and
information by not getting the proper training due to this firm may reduce their loyal base of
customers and due to this their sales will be affected.
Ethical and social issues in running a businesses
In information technology organisation may use online marketing like amazon, e-bay etc.
and social media tool such as You-tube, Instagram, Facebook etc. to share and sale their products
to the customers and making a strong connection with other stakeholders. This may involve
varies types of confidential information that will create the crime like bank frauds, hacking
information, loss of monetary value and many more this will under the category of ethical and
social issues. In context of Tesco some of both types of issues elaborated below.
Ethical issues
 Hacking- It refers to that term in which information and data can be leak in a system or
the computer in an unauthorized way. It is the biggest threat and fear of the organisation
that is against the ethical law. In this aspects a person can transfer all the facts and
figures and control or organize the system of another person and misuse it. In context of
TESCO, manager can follow the appropriate security system to prospect the system from
hacking and misusing so that they can effectively protect their confidential data so that
their terms and norms related to ethics are maintained and do not break so that they can
maintain their brand image in market(Lugmayr and Grueblbauer, 2017).
 Copyright infringement- It is the major ethical issue that was face in the business
venture. In this a person can copied the information and data to the another people and it
shows critical in using digital gadgets. In today's world there are many websites who
copy the content of enterprise and provide it to the rival firms due to this Tesco may face
many problems. As due to this copying the data that is unauthorized Tesco majorly
reduce their profit margin because of low customer base. To overcome this ethical issue
manager of company can resister their trademark under the another legal right i.e. patent
act so that no one can easily copied and if a person did so they will be highly punished.
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Social issues
 Unauthorised access- It is the issue related to social norm when a person get the access
of for gaining the data into website, server service from the other system than it is called
unauthorised access. In case of Tesco, this can be done by the internal people because of
less privacy and security such as many employees use their cell phones in the working
hours due to this they can steal the privacy form the office system and leak from their
mobile due to this organisation may face issue related to decrease their profits and
enhancing the operating expenses. To overcome this issue manager can make more focus
on protecting the system by avoiding the use of phones by employees and provide proper
training so that unauthorised leaking of information can be restricted.
 Social media- This is an essential term in the information technology and it is use by the
many firms to make a strong connection with the stakeholders and sale their goods and
services to their customers. This also a social issue in a way that if a information is leak
in an unauthorised way it will affect the image of business entity and their online market
also. In case of Tesco, manager can provide proper training to their employees and hire a
experienced one so that they can mange the social media account in an effective way.
Because if the data and facts can be leaked via social media it will affect the overall
operation of the business and rival firms can take the benefits of it(Strange, 2015).
Identify and differentiate different networking technologies
Networking technology defines the right of exchange of data and information between
the large and small system of information and it is effectively used by varied types of businesses
that is retail sector, educational sector, hospitality sector etc. but in retain sector this technology
is very effective. Some of the networking technology can be explained below.
 MAN- It is denoted as a metropolitan area network and it is huge related to LAN that
helps in covering the whole city. It capture the range of 100 km that can connect the
different devices like cable TV etc. In this type of system connection delay in network
propagation is moderate that helps in smooth functioning of information(Aasheim, Li and
Williams, 2019).
 LAN- It represents as a local area network that interconnects the computer system within
the residence only such as a school, university, organisation building etc. this type of
network is used to internal communicate the information between various department.
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 WAN- It considered as a wide area network that helps in communication over the large
geographical area with the purpose of enhancing the skill related to communication and
making new global clients.
Differentiate between LAN, WAN & MAN
BASIS LAN WAN MAN
Speed IN this type of
networking technology
need of speed is quite
more.
In WAN speed is
comparatively low
from LAN network.
In this case Speed is
related to average
mode.
Ownership Local Area Network is
owned by the privately
held organisation.
Wide area network is
owned by both type
i.e. public or private
type of ventures.
Metropolitan Area
network can be used
and adopted by
corporate or public
sector
Maintenance Using and adopting
the LAN network
within the organisation
is easy and relatively
maintained on low
cost as competed to
WAN.
Maintenance of WAN
networking is quite
more and high as
compare to both LAN,
MAN.
Its maintenance and
designing is more
complex and critical to
WAN and relatively
contain more cost as
compare to LAN.
In context of Tesco, the appropriate networking technology is LAN because it does not
require more cost and the speed of working within this network is very high. As it also very
secured type of loan within organisation that helps in making connection between employees and
customers. In this information is transferred in an effective way so that manager can deliver it to
the right person. As it maintenance cost also not high due to this manager of Tesco can preferred
this network(Waser and et. al., 2016).
Importance of intranet and internet in organisation
Benefits of intranet
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 Knowledge management- The main benefit of Intranet is that it can maintain the
information related to employees in an effective way and helps in managing the proper
knowledge regarding their working. In case of Tesco, this will helps in satisfying the
employees and reduce the absenteeism of employees that helps in increasing profits. In
this workers can share their thoughts, problems etc. without hesitation and securely to the
manager. This helps in enhancing the productivity and proficiency within business
enterprise.
 Easy sharing of information- It is another main advantage of intranet where managers
can share their information accurately to the right person on the right time so that task can
be accomplished within time period. In case of Tesco, manager can share formal and
informal information through intranet that helps in saving the time and it can deliver to
the right person also without having any mediators(Rahmelina and et. al., 2019).
Benefits of internet
 Enhanced communication power- Using the internet helps in enhancing the power
related to communication because it is totally based on communicating the other person
on the global nature. In case of Tesco, this is helpful in communication the essential
information to the another person in the world due to this company can enhance their
market share and developing their communication in various language(Ota and Plews,
2015).
 Helps in making online- marketing- The effective benefit of internet is doing the
online marketing and advertising the products so that a large base of customers get
attracted. In case of Tesco, internet is a significant source because it helps in promoting
and selling the companies products to the customers and made the new customers
globally. This helps in gaining the competitive advantage and earns a high profits.
Different stage of system development life cycle
System development life cycle- It defines an approach that enables the peoples to transform
their new and start-up projects into the operational term. It includes basic 5 steps that can be
shown below(Wallace, 2015).
 Planning- It is the first step that identifies the scope of issue and determine the solutions
that includes time, cost, resources and various other items that can fulfils the needs of
company stakeholders.
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 Analysing- This includes the essentialist of functional requirements that capture facts,
figures for improving the plan that is made earlier. In this step manager can take
corrective actions and make strategies to reduce the mistakes.
 System design- This step helps in systematically done all the functions by taking and
following the appropriate strategies for gaining the competition. It means employees are
working on strategics in a systematic way.
 Implementation- This is an essential step when the plan is made and design is out
implementing the plan to gain the task and project. In this new changes are executed and
old one is cut out.
 Operations and maintenance- It is the last cycle of this process in which last user can
fine tune the overall system and boosting the performance by adding new capabilities by
meeting the additional requirements of the user(Ota and Plews, 2015).
Analysis on basis on advantage and disadvantage of Tesco in general in investing the
information technology
Advantage- For Tesco the major advantage of investing in the use of Information technology is
that it helps in maintaining the employees relations due to which they work productively and
accurately. It also helps in making a connection on global nature and attracts the large base of
customers on minimum cost and time. So that investing in IT giving the beneficial results.
Disadvantage- If Tesco can adopts the information technology than it will face many drawbacks
like hacking of information, unauthorised access the data and facts due to this company can
reduce their profit margin. Using information technology is very costly in nature and also need
experienced person for this company may invest more on hiring the employees that are highly
skilled.
CONCLUSION
To the above discussed analysation on information technology related to retail sector
organisation in UK it is concluded that in today's world use of information technology is very
prominent because it done the operations and task in an accurate and effective way so that
company may enjoy large amount of profits and also facing the longer sustainability within the
marketplace. It includes the success and failure of IT so that it easy to train the employees and
earns a high revenues within a set time period. It also suggest various social and ethical issues
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that includes hacking problem, authorization issues. In this various networking technologies like
LAN, MAN etc. are included that is differ from each other in their work. At last system
development life cycle is indulged that gives the general overview and enhance the knowledge.
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REFERENCES
Books & Journal
Aasheim, C.L., Li, L. and Williams, S., 2019. Knowledge and skill requirements for entry-level
information technology workers: A comparison of industry and academia. Journal of
information systems education. 20(3). p.10.
Hemrungrote, S., Jakkaew, P. and Assawaboonmee, S., 2017, March. Deployment of Google
Classroom to enhance SDL cognitive skills: A case study of introduction to information
technology course. In 2017 International Conference on Digital Arts, Media and
Technology (ICDAMT) (pp. 200-204). IEEE.
Lugmayr, A. and Grueblbauer, J., 2017. Review of information systems research for media
industry–recent advances, challenges, and introduction of information systems research in
the media industry. Electronic Markets. 27(1). pp.33-47.
Ota, M. and Plews, R., 2015. Development of a software tool as an introduction to Geospatial
Information Technology based on geospatial standards. Cartography and Geographic
Information Science. 42(5). pp.419-434.
Rahmelina, L. and et. al., 2019. The effectiveness of the flipped classroom model using e-
learning media in introduction to information technology course. International Journal of
Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET). 14(21). pp.148-162.
Rajaraman, V., 2018. Introduction to information Technology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd..
Strange, S., 2015. Mad Money: with an introduction by Benjamin J. Cohen. Manchester
University Press.
Wallace, P., 2015. Introduction to information systems. Pearson Higher Ed.
Waser, R. and et. al., 2016. Introduction to nanoionic elements for information
technology. Resistive Switching: From Fundamentals of Nanoionic Redox Processes to
Memristive Device Applications, pp.1-30.
Xiang, Z., Magnini, V.P. and Fesenmaier, D.R., 2015. Information technology and consumer
behavior in travel and tourism: Insights from travel planning using the internet. Journal of
retailing and consumer services. 22. pp.244-249.
Zhai, C. and Massung, S., 2016. Text data management and analysis: a practical introduction to
information retrieval and text mining. Association for Computing Machinery and Morgan
& Claypool.
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