Research Methodology Exploration

This assignment delves into the realm of research methodology, providing a detailed exploration of different approaches to conducting research. It covers a range of methodologies, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and applications. Students are encouraged to critically analyze various research designs, data collection techniques, and analytical tools used in different contexts.

RESERACH
PROJECT
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Table of Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Formulation and recording possible research project outline specifications.........................3
Aim...................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project......................................................3
1.3 Critical review of key references...........................................................................................3
1.4 Research project specification...............................................................................................5
Limitations...................................................................................................................................8
1.5 Appropriate plan and procedure for the agree research specification...................................8
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................9
2.1 Match resources efficiently to the research question.............................................................9
2.2 Undertake the proposed research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification
and process.................................................................................................................................11
2.3Recording and collecting data from participants from the questionnaire.............................11
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................14
3.1Using appropriate research evaluation technique with justification.....................................14
3.2 Interpretation and analysis the result of original research specifications............................14
3.3 Recommendation and justification area for further consideration......................................22
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................23
4.1 Presentation of outcomes.....................................................................................................23
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TASK 1
1.1 Formulation and recording possible research project outline specifications
Aim
To analyze the impacts of training and development on the performance of employees of
Morrison supermarket in UK.
Objectives
 To understand the concept of training and development program for the employees of a
retail organization.
 To understand value of training and development in Morrison supermarket.
 To analyze the ways in which employees have training and development.
 The recommended ways of training and development that can be adopted by the
organization.
1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project
At the time of the choosing the topic of research, there are various kinds of components
which contributed. Personal interest is one of the factor which affect researcher to identifying the
impact of training and development program. On the other hand utilise the knowledge in the
practical form, the scholar has taken decision to work in the following subject. In addition to this,
scholar wanted to know the importance of training and development programs in the
organisation.
1.3 Critical review of key references
Concept of training and development
According to the view of (Stone, 2013) training and development is a n activities under
which individual have opportunity to learn various kinds of skills,, ability, knowledge and ability
of working about specific area. In the business organisation context, training and development is
a kind of programs under which company provides opportunity to employees for learn the
criteria of working, various skills, ability and knowledge about particular field. With assistance
of training and development programs, employees can improve their skill, knowledge, ability
and capability about something within corporation. They can able to improve their performance
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and criteria of working within company. As per the view of training and development is a crucial
part of the human resource development through which company can easily enhance employees
efficiency and productivity which is beneficial for business success and growth. The entire
progress and success of business enterprise is depends upon employees working and their
efficiency so training and development is the best way to improve their performance and level of
motivation too.
Importance of training and development in the organisation
According to the view of (Storey, 2014), training and development is a very significant
activity and program for every business organisation through which it can improve the
efficiency, capability and ability of workforce about their working within company. With help of
training and development programs, organisation can improve the efficiency, capability and
ability of employees about their working through which productivity and profitability of firm can
automatically increase. As per the view of (Wright and McMahan, 2011) training and
development programs is one of the best way to improve the quality of product and services in
the company. Once an employee have full knowledge and ability of effective working then they
can able to perform their job in an effective manner. With help of training, firm can increase its
brand image also because the quality of product and services assist in improving effective brand
image in the market. Thus, it can be said that training and development programs is the best way
to improve overall progress and performance of company.
Analyse the ways of training and development
As per the view of (McMillan and Schumacher, 2014) generally there are major two kind
of training and development programs that is on the job training and off the job training. On the
job training is that under which employees learn through observing peer or manager performing
the job and trying to imitate their behaviour. On the other hand off the job training is that under
which study material is supplied and there is full consideration on learning rather than
performing and there is freedom of expression. In the context of on the job training, coaching
and mentoring is very effective method of proving training to employees. Coaching is a one to
one training which helps in quickly identifying the weak area and tries to consider in employees.
On the other hand in the mentoring, senior employees provides the effective knowledge and
criteria of working to employees. As per the view of (Arulrajah and et.al., 2015) computer based
training technique is one of the best tool for proving training to employees. In this method,
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employees get training by various material like video, audio, stimulating graphics, virtual reality
etc. This training programs is effective and reliable in that the trainee can learn at their own pace.
As per the view of (Arulrajah, 2015) E-learning is a online based training technique under which
employees get knowledge and skill by use of internet. In this manner, company mostly rely on
online resource to deliver training. It is important to keep the employee involved and engaged in
order to encourage that they remain new information.
1.4 Research project specification
Research methodology is based on different factors that are further divided into their sub parts.
The researcher have to select a particular way to research about the desired topic. First of all the
research philosophy is studied which is an essential part of the research. It gives the idea for
collecting the data and other analysis. For the better result researcher should have the better
approach for the research (Flick, 2011). Research methodology have one more component that is
known as design of the research, in which development of such elements through the study can
be done. The type research is an another factor that will be helpful to analyzing the data. Data
collection has significant importance in the study of any research process. It helps to achieve the
desired aims and objectives of the particular organization (Flint, Blocker and Boutin, 2011).
After the data collection researcher have to go through the sampling process in which he have to
analyze a small part of big population. Data analysis is also a part of research methodology.
Each research have limitations but researcher should maintain the validity and reliability of such
methods and theory which are used in its research.
Philosophy for research
The philosophy of the research basically depends on the explanation of the process of
collection of data and analysis. Actually philosophy is an idea which helps the researcher to
describe the whole process of data collection and its analysis. There are two types of research
philosophy, one is positivism and the other is interpretivism (Garner and Scott, 2013 ). In the
positivism the study have explanation about the working of the theory that is used in the
research and this explanation is based on the various scientific evidences. By using the
statistical tools different tests can be conducted on the various observations which are
quantifiable. Because of these tests the study will have more reliability and credibility. The
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interpretivism theory depends on the interpretation of the explored factors in that study. Different
philosophies are combined in this theory so the explanation will done with a proper meaning.
The positivism theory is adopted as the philosophy of the present research to evaluate the
impacts of the training and development on the employees of Morrisons supermarket.
Approach for research
The approach of research, this factor have a significant importance to conduct the study
in a proper manner. It helps the researcher to study with correct aspects, thus he can get better
results. Approach of research is categorized into two parts which are inductive and deductive. In
the inductive approach of research a general view is explained in the starting of the study so the
study can be developed as a different theory which can make a conceptual framework with the
analysis of collected data (Gay, Mills and Airasian, 2011). On the other hand the deductive
research is done with the theories and concept to make hypotheses so the validity of such
theories can be authenticated.
In the present research the study is depended on the inductive approach of the research.
To analyze the employee's feedback for the training and development program provided by
Morrisons supermarket which is a retail company. The generalized view of that concept will help
the researcher to reach the specific results.
Design of research
The design of the research has a significance in the research, it is helpful to develop and
modify the different aspects of the study. The research questions have more importance of the
design of research because the design of research is responsible to give the answers of that
questions. Research design can be done in so many ways such that descriptive design,
experimental design and other casual researches. In the present research the descriptive design of
research is used by the researcher so the factors which are already in practice their explanation
can be done. The collection of the data and figures is done by the researcher for to explain such
factors. The results of this study can have the support from that explanation. The objectives of
this study will be achieved with the help of this research design.
Type of Research
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Analysis of data based on the type of research helps in study which has a great impact on
the results obtained from study. The various techniques are used to collect the data and to
analyze the data and that techniques gave the finding, so the validation of those findings is done
by the type of research. There are two ways in which the research can be done, such that
qualitative and quantitative (Creswell, 2013). The study in the qualitative method is based on
those theories and model which are not having any calculation based on the maths and the
quantitative method is helpful for the researcher to study about the facts which are obtained from
the data collection and figures, such study leads to reach a solution in a proper way.
The both methods are used in the present study as the researcher will know about the
concept of training and development from the various theories and literature. The response of the
employees will be studied in this research with the help of quantitative method.
Data collection
The whole research depends on the data which is collected through the study and its
analysis. It is so important to meet the desired aims and objectives of the particular research. The
data collection should be very appropriate for the study as the researcher will get relevant results.
There are two methods by which the data collection can be done, when the data is collected in
the first hand it is known as the primary method of data collection (Daniel and Sam, 2011). The
tools like questionnaires, interviews, various surveys and reports can be the sources for
collecting the data by primary method. On the other side the secondary method can consider the
different book and journals, articles which are published by various authors, the researches
which are done in past. In the present study the both methods are used by the researcher for
collecting the data which can help to consider the more information and perceptions.
Sampling
Representing a large scaled population by a narrow one is a better approach as per the
process of sampling. The scope of study which is so broad can be compacted with the help of
sampling. There are two methods which can be used of the sampling in any research which are
probabilistic and non probabilistic. In sampling the fixed number of candidates are analyzed on
the basis of their responses (Research Methodology. 2015). The probabilistic sampling have
more chances to be selected for the research because it works on the random selection. The non
probabilistic sampling have less chances to be selected because its selection process in based on
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any purpose. The 20 employees of Morrisons supermarket has been selected for the analysis of
their responses on the training and development programs.
Data analysis
The conclusion can be made by the researcher with the help of the end results of the
research and this can done with the help of data analysis. One of the types of data analysis which
is known as quantitative data analysis , the SPSS is a statistical tool, which is used to access the
data which is the base for that quantitative method. The present research has adopted the
qualitative method for analyzing the data. The interpretation of that collected responses of the
employees of Morrisons supermarket is done by the thematic analysis. The objectives which are
set by the researcher will be achieved with the help of this thematic analysis.
Limitations
The researcher have to face so many limitations which can be a challenge. The first
limitation can be defined as the scope of the topic is so broad but the researcher can not consider
each and every thing for the study (Fiegen, 2010). The time limit is a big limitation for the
researcher that it can not be able to collect so many important elements for its study. The sample
size can not define the aim of this research properly so the very limited scenario has selected for
the research.
Validity and reliability
The methods and theories are used for the study in the research should be valid and
reliable for the further reference (Eid, 2011). In the current research the all methodologies are
authenticated and it is reliable for its each factors. The research have validation for their each
aspect as there is not invalid element have used in this research.
1.5 Appropriate plan and procedure for the agree research specification
Activity/Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Selecting research problem
Working on research proposal
Formulation of aim and setting of
objectives
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Conducting research on developing
research background
Choosing research frameworks on the
basis of nature of investigation
Collecting data from primary and
secondary sources
Assessment of collection data with
data analysis tools
Interpreting gather information and
generate outcomes
Drawing conclusion on the basis of
findings and stating recommendations
Submitting draft report
Making changes in research as per the
feedback comments
Final Submission
TASK 2
2.1 Match resources efficiently to the research question
In order to accomplish the research investigation, the researcher has been considered there
resources that is human resources finance and time. To conclude entire study, there have a
limited time in front of the associate and for this; entire period has divided into the 16 weeks so
that work can be finished within the given time frame (Deng, Wei and Zhang, 2010). While, for
different research actions, the researcher has requisite some money such as preparing and
printing questionnaires, purchase data assessment tool, travelling costing, take membership of
diverse research websites to get the access of information et
Demographic information
Name:
Age:
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Gender:
1 From how many time you are working in the Morrison?
 Less than one year
 Two year
 Two to five year
 More than five year
2 Do you think training and development program positively affect your performance?
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
3Does Morrison provide effective training and development opportunity to employees?
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
4 Which kind of training provides by the Morrison?
 On the job training
 Off the job training
 Other
5 Do you think on the job training deliver effective performance and efficiency to employees?
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
6Do you satisfied by the existing ways of training and development within Morrison?
 Strongly satisfied
 Satisfied
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 Dissatisfied
 Strongly dissatisfied
7 Do you think training and development programs assist in increasing productivity and
performance of business?
 Strongly satisfied
 Satisfied
 Dissatisfied
 Strongly dissatisfied
8 Do you think Morrison should improve its training and development methods for employees?
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
9 Please recommend the ways or method through which Morrison can improve its training and
development programs
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2.2 Undertake the proposed research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification
and process
In the following research, the scholar has prepared a systematic questionnaire in order to
identify the implication of training and development programs on the performance of employees
within the Morrison supermarket. In order to conduct the survey from the 20 employees of cited
venture, investigator has collected email id of each employees and sent questionnaire to them
(Davaa,, Safari, Randjbaran and Randjbaran, 2016). The major objective of this ways of
conducting survey is to provide freedom to employees so as they can freely give their answer and
suggestion related to training and development programs of Morrison without any biasness. By
collecting all responses, the investigator has analysed the primary information with help of data
analysis tools and has developed a well define conclusion.
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2.3Recording and collecting data from participants from the questionnaire
Theme 1: Employees working within Morrison from different year
From how many time you are working in the Morrison?
Frequency Percentage
Less than one year 5 25
Two year 2 10
Two to five year 5 25
More than five year 8 40
Total 20 100
Theme2: Mostly employees agrees training and development program positively affect
employees performance
Do you think training and
development program positively
affect your performance? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 8 40
Agree 10 50
Neutral 1 5
Disagree 1 5
Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 20 100
Theme 3: Some employees thinks Morrison provides training and development opportunity to
employees
Does Morrison provide effective
training and development
opportunity to employees? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 5 25
Agree 5 25
Neutral 3 15
Disagree 5 25
Strongly disagree 2 10
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Theme 4: Mostly employees think that on the job training provides by Morrison
Which kind of training provides by
the Morrison? Frequency Percentage
On the job training 11 55
Off the job training 6 30
Other 3 15
Theme 5: Mostly employees think that on the job training deliver effective performance and
efficiency to employees
Do you think on the job training
deliver effective performance and
efficiency to employees? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 5 25
Agree 7 35
Neutral 1 5
Disagree 4 20
Strongly disagree 3 15
Theme 6: Mostly employees satisfied by existing ways of training and development programs
Do you satisfied by the existing
ways of training and development
within Morrison? Frequency Percentage
Strongly satisfied 5 25
Satisfied 4 20
Dissatisfied 5 25
Strongly dissatisfied 6 30
Theme 7: Most of the employees believe that training and development program increase
productivity and performance
Do you think training and
development programs assist in
increasing productivity and
performance of business? Frequency Percentage
Strongly satisfied 10 50
Satisfied 8 40
Dissatisfied 1 5
Strongly dissatisfied 1 5
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Theme 8: Most of the employees believe that Morrison should improve training and
development methods
Do you think Morrison should
improve its training and
development methods for
employees? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 11 55
Agree 5 25
Neutral 1 5
Disagree 4 20
Strongly disagree 0 0
TASK 3
3.1Using appropriate research evaluation technique with justification
In order to assess the collected data of a research, there are two option available for an
investigator that is formative and summative research evaluation (Daniel and Sam, 2011). In the
following research, the investigator has been used formative research evaluation tool because
with help of this tool ,scholar can get reliable and valid information.
3.2 Interpretation and analysis the result of original research specifications
Theme 1: Employees working within Morrison from different year
From how many time you are
working in the Morrison? Frequency Percentage
Less than one year 5 25
Two year 2 10
Two to five year 5 25
More than five year 8 40
Total 20 100
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Finding and analysis: In order to identify the training and development impact on the employees
within Morrison supermarket, researcher has included this question into the questionnaire. From
the gather primary information, it has been ascertained that from the 20 employees, 40%
employees are working within Morision from more than five year and 25% of employee are
working from five year within the cited organisation. Furthermore, 10% of employees are
working from two year. The reason of explore this information by scholar has to found the
working experience of employees within cited venture.
Theme2: Mostly employees agrees training and development program positively affect
employees performance
Do you think training and
development program positively
affect your performance? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 8 40
Agree 10 50
Neutral 1 5
Disagree 1 5
Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 20 100
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Interpretation and analysis: In order to identify the importance of training and development
programs among the workforce of the Morrison super market, the investigator has asked this
question from the 20 employees of cited venture. From the 20 employees, 40% employees are
strongly agreed by the statement that training and development programs positively affect the
performance of employees. In addition to this 50% of employees are agreed by this statement.
Furthermore, 5% employees from the 20 employees think that training and development
programs does not positively affect the performance of employees within the cited firm.
Moreover, only 5% of employees have no idea about the training and development programs
advantages and disadvantage. Thus it can be said that most of the employees of Morrison
believes that training and development programs assists in improving the performance of
employees.
Theme 3: Some employees think Morrison provides training and development opportunity to
employees
Does Morrison provide effective
training and development
opportunity to employees? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 5 25
Agree 5 25
Neutral 3 15
Disagree 5 25
Strongly disagree 2 10
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Interpretation and analysis: This section states that Morrison super market provides training and
development programs to employees. From the 20 employees of the Morrison , 25% employees
are strongly agreed from the statement that cited venture provides opportunity of training and
development to its employees. From the 20 employees 25% employees are just agree from this
statement that cited firm provides an opportunity of training and development to its employees.
On the other hand 25% employees are disagree to the fact that cited firm provides training and
development programs to its employees. As per the above discussion and interpretation it has
been analysed that the most of the employees from the 20 employees are believes that cited firm
organises training and development program for its employees.
Theme 4: Mostly employees think that on the job training provides by Morrison
Which kind of training provides by
the Morrison? Frequency Percentage
On the job training 11 55
Off the job training 6 30
Other 3 15
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Interpretation and analysis: This section implies on the job training are organised by the cited
venture. The major reason of this question is to identify that which kind of training are organised
by the cited venture. From the survey, the investor has been founded that from the 20 employees
of the cited venture, 55% of employees believes that firm provides on the job training programs
like coaching, Mentoring, job rotation etc. On the other hand from the 20 respondent, 30% of
employees believes that company provides off the job training. Thus, it can be said that cited
firm provides on the job training to its employees mostly.
Theme 5: Mostly employees think that on the job training deliver effective performance and
efficiency to employees
Do you think on the job training
deliver effective performance and
efficiency to employees? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 5 25
Agree 7 35
Neutral 1 5
Disagree 4 20
Strongly disagree 3 15
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Interpretation and analysis:In order to identyfy the view of employees about the on the job
training in the cited venture, scolar has been asked this questions from the 20 employees of the
organisation.After survay, it has been founded that from the 20 employees, 25 % of workers are
strongly aggreed by this statement that on the job training is effective for the employees
performace.They are believes thatwith help of on the job traininbg programs, staff can able to
improve their effeciency and performace at workplace.From the 20 employees, 35% employees
are just agree that on the job training assists in delivering effectiove performace of personnels at
workplace.From the 20 employees of cited venture, 20 employees are disgarree from this above
statement as they believes that on the job training does not deliver effective performace of
employees.
Theme 6: Mostly employees satisfied by existing ways of training and development programs
Do you satisfied by the existing
ways of training and development
within Morrison? Frequency Percentage
Strongly satisfied 5 25
Satisfied 4 20
Dissatisfied 5 25
Strongly dissatisfied 6 30
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Interpretation and analysis: The major reason from this question is to identify that the existing
method of training and development of employees are suitable or not. By this question in the
survey, the scholar want to identify that whether employees of cited firm are satisfied from
existing training and development program or not. From the survey, it has been ascertained that
from the 20 employees, 30% of employees are strongly dissatisfied by the existing method of
training and development in the Morrison super market. On the other hand from the 20
respondent, 25% employees are strongly satisfied from the exiting method of training and
development. Thus from this interpretation it has been analysed that most of the employees are
dissatisfied from the existing method of training and development in the cited venture. So it has
identified that company should improve its training and development method in order to improve
performance of employees.
Theme 7: Most of the employees believe that training and development program increase
productivity and performance
Do you think training and
development programs assist in
increasing productivity and
performance of business? Frequency Percentage
Strongly satisfied 10 50
Satisfied 8 40
Dissatisfied 1 5
Strongly dissatisfied 1 5
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Interpretation and analysis: The major reason of this question in the survey is to identify the
view of employees about the training and development program. By gathered information from
survey, the scholar has been identified that from 20 employees of cited venture, 50% employees
are strongly agreed by this statement that with help of training and development programs, they
can improve their efficiency and productivity. On the other hand 40% employees are just agreed
by this statement. Only 5% employees are disagreeing by this statement. From this survey,
scholar has been ascertained that many of the employees believe that training and development
programs assists in increasing the productivity and performance of employees.
Theme 8: Most of the employees believe that Morrison should improve training and
development methods
Do you think Morrison should
improve its training and
development methods for
employees? Frequency Percentage
Strongly agree 11 55
Agree 5 25
Neutral 1 5
Disagree 4 20
Strongly disagree 0 0
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Interpretation and analysis: The major reason of this question in the survey is to identify that
whether cited venture have requirement to improve its training and development programs or
not. On the basis of the collected information from survey it has been identified most of the
employees believes that cited venture should improve its training and development method so as
it can able to improve employees efficiency and performance. From the 20 employees in the
survey, 55% of employees agreed that firm should improve its training and development method
so as it can able to improve business as well as employees performance. On the other hand 25%
of employees just agreed by this above statement. Furthermore, only 20% of employees from the
20 employees disagreed from this statement as they believed company does not have need to
improve its existing training and development method. Thus, from this interpretation , it has been
analysed that most of the employees agreed that company should improve its training and
development method because it directly positively affect the performance and productivity of
employees.
3.3 Recommendation and justification area for further consideration
Morrison company should adopt effective method of training and development through which it
will able to improve efficiency and performance of employees. Following are some
recommendation for training and development programs of Morrison super market-
 Company should improve the on the job method training method under which senior and
top authority should adopt some effective and creative approach for improving the
performance of employees like e learning, computer techniques etc.
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 Company should conduct regular meeting with employees to identify the improvement of
efficiency and performance of employees .Further, by personal interaction, management
of cited venture will able to know the requirement and issue of existing training and
development program,. Thus effective monitoring in the training and development
programs is very important for company.
 Company should also improve its off the job training programs like work shop, seminar,
lectures, case studies, role playing etc.
Further research area
In the future, similar research can be conducted within the context of any other retail business
organisation. The following research will assist in identifying the importance and impact of
training and development programs on the employee’s performance and efficiency. In addition
to this, by this research, any firm can easily identify various methods of training and their
implication on the employees performance. The researcher can easily identify the opinion and
view of people about training and development programs in the company.
TASK 4
4.1 Presentation of outcomes
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