Exploring the Building Blocks of Declarative Memory Functions

The provided content is a collection of academic papers, research articles, and online resources that discuss the concept of green building. The summary highlights the importance of green building, its components, and the benefits it provides. The article also explores the barriers to developing green buildings in Malaysia and the need for such concepts in countries. It also talks about the importance of packaging attributes and research methodology in understanding green building. Some key points mentioned include: 1) Green building is an environmentally friendly concept that aims at reducing the negative impact on the environment; 2) The major components of green building are solar panels, rainwater harvesting, and energy-efficient systems; 3) Green buildings can help save energy and reduce waste by using sustainable materials; and 4) Research and development are essential for developing a green building concept in a country.

To Measure Impact Of Green
Building Concept On People And
Environment

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The present research report is significant reflection of the various efforts made by
individuals and it is my responsibility to pay a humble gratitude for the time and efforts they
have given to me in order to make the study much more appropriate and meaningful. I am also
thankful of my mentor, tutor and all the people who have given me well support and guidance for
completing this dissertation. I am grateful to my family members, friends and team members
who helped me in all the possible accords. I would also like to thank my parents who supported
me while conducting this particular study. The combine efforts of all these people has really
helped me in successfully completing the research in effective manner.

ABSTRACT
Green building concept emphasises on constructing building in such a way so that scarce
resources like energy, water and material can be effectively used. Further, this conception also
emphasises on reducing the building impact on the human as well as on environment so that the
life cycle is protected with the construction work when it is done in proper manner. It generally
refers to both the structure as well as using of processes, which usually are environment
responsible and also resource efficient. Analysing the same, this present research will focus on
concept of green building and its impact on people's health and well-being. It will also showcase
on effect of green building concept on environment and effectiveness of green building concept
in energy saving.
Under this research, efforts will be incorporate to assess the elements of green building
concept as how nowadays it is becoming important for the architects to use this for benefiting
both individuals and environment. The inductive research seeks to create an effective and clear
impact of the theories and models for the current research. Secondary research has been
considered so that handful amount of information can be attained through it. The data has been
analysed using SPSS in order to apply the test and verify the outcome. Further, information
collected from interview has been analysed qualitatively by applying thematic analysis.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................7
1.1 Title ..................................................................................................................................7
1.2 Background of study ........................................................................................................7
1.3 Rationale of the study ......................................................................................................8
1.4 Research aims and objectives ..........................................................................................9
1.5 Research questions .........................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.......................................................................................11
2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................11
2.2 Concept of green building and its impact on people's health and well-being ...............11
2.3 Effect of green building concept on environment .........................................................13
2.4 Effectiveness of green building concept in energy saving ............................................16
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..........................................................................18
3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................18
3.2 Research philosophy ......................................................................................................18
3.3 Research approach .........................................................................................................19
3.4 Research design .............................................................................................................20
3.5 Data Collection ..............................................................................................................20
3.6 Data Analysis .................................................................................................................21
3.7 Validity and reliability ...................................................................................................22
3.8 Ethical issues and consideration ....................................................................................22
3.9 Research Limitations .....................................................................................................23
CHAPTER: 4- DATA ANALYSIS ..............................................................................................24
4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................24
4.2 Data analysis ..................................................................................................................24
CHAPTER 5- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.....................................................33
5.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................33
5.2 Conclusion .....................................................................................................................33
5.3 Recommendations ..........................................................................................................34

REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................35
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................39

ILLUSTRATION INDEX
Illustration 1: Green Building Concept..........................................................................................13
Illustration 2: Well planned Green structure..................................................................................15
Illustration 3: Green Building .......................................................................................................26
Illustration 4: Solar panels used in Green building........................................................................28
Illustration 5: Major components of Green building and saving of energy...................................31

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Title
To measure the impact of green building concept on people and environment.
1.2 Background of study
Green building is a concept, which focuses on constructing building in such a manner so
that scarce resources like energy, water and material is used in an utmost manner. Further, this
conception also emphasises on reducing the building impact on the human as well as on
environment so that it protects the entire life cycle of the construction in proper manner. It
generally refers to both the structure as well as using of processes, which usually are
environment responsible and also resource efficient. The life cycle of building comprises
different states i.e. from siting to design, constructing, operating, maintenance, renovation to
demolition (Kibert, 2016). Green building design involves finding the prior balance between
buildings of home and also protecting the sustainable environment.
Moreover, technology is also playing an important role in developing the current
structure so that better green structures are constructed. The main objective of this green building
is to cut down the overall impact for building the environment on the health of human beings and
also the natural environment. This can be done in an effective manner by using energy, water and
various other resources; protecting the health and also improving the productivity of employees;
reducing the waste, pollution as well as environmental degradation. However, it is found that
whenever a house is constructed, then it lays some sort of negative impact on the economy
(Borkovskaya, 2014). The core focus on green house concept is made in order to put positive
efforts and also to mitigate the negative impact so that the natural environment is protected.
Furthermore, it is utmost necessary to follow this concept as sometimes due to the wrong
architectural construction, high consumption of electricity was noticed which was considered as
burden on both individual as well as on environment. Apart from it, major resources like water is
also not been properly used and leads into the wastage (Samari and et.al., 2013). Construction of
building also plays an effective role in promoting different types of pollution. However,
implementing the green green building concept, it provides different types of environmental
benefits as like when construction of building is done, then biodiversity and ecosystem is usually

promoted in particular specific area. It also improves the quality of water and air and individuals
get best facilities at their home.
Apart from it, this concept gives various economic benefits of green building in forms of
reduction of operating cost and also in order to enhance the productivity. The green building
designs usually expands the construction of classical designs so that it can rely on basic factors
like concern for economy, utility, durability as well as comfort (Marszal and et.al., 2011).
Moreover, it is found that a similar concept, which is contrary on same scale, prevails and it is
natural building. This focuses on use of natural material, which are available locally at a good
price. Architect is majorly responsible for selecting stated concept so that best output is given to
both society and environment. Green building practice also aims in reducing the environmental
impact so that the scarce resources, which are available in the natural, can be used with optimum
benefit.
The major concept of mentioned concept relates with the energy and relates to the
sustainable development of business venture. The green building moment which took place in the
USA appealed for using environmental friendly construction practices. Further, there exists
number of of motives for implementing the green concept (Abidin, 2010). It includes
environmental, economic and various social benefits. Green building also brings a vast range of
practices, techniques and various skills for reducing and eliminating the impact of building on
environment as well as human health. The main advantage of green building concept is to take
advantage of different types of renewable resources. Architect emphasises on constructing solar
panels, photovoltaic equipment, green roofs, rain garden and most importantly rainwater
harvesting system. These all techniques aids the economy and society up to great extent and
contribute their best in the welfare of the society (Green and Haines, 2015).
1.3 Rationale of the study
What is the research issue?
The research issue in the present dissertation is selection of the best practice by architect
in relation to the green building concept. Selecting and choosing an appropriate concept or
practice will lead towards the development of society and nation. Further, a high cost of
construction with the use of green building concept can be considered as a major issue. It is
mainly because this concept is new into practice and there exist only few ventures around the
world, who are capable of building and implementing such practices.

Why is it an issue?
It is considered as an issue because of non-expansion of the concept as only few firms’
use and implements such practices. However, with the passage of time, if the stated concept
comes into play, then the high price of the construction work will get reduced and individuals
who are willing to construct new house or architect desire to take construction of building will be
able to utilise major resources in most effective manner.
Why it is an issue now?
In the current time period, flora and fauna is being affected adversely with the
construction work going whole around the world. Thus, considering this issue, it is an utmost
need to come up with the green building concept. It is an environmental friendly practice, which
focuses on reducing the wastage of resources, using water and electricity mode effectively. It will
certainly reduce the cost for the future and will give valuable outcome to individual.
What could this research shed light on?
This present dissertation will be beneficial for various professionals and business
ventures, as they will come across the new terminology green building concept. Here, the
researcher will also shed light on significance of various methods, which exists within the
concept and implement the best in order to give welfare and growth to society and nation.
1.4 Research aims and objectives
This research has been carried out in order to attain specific goals and objectives. The aim
of the present dissertation is to measure impact of green building concept on people and
environment. The objective of present dissertation has been discussed down under:
 To measure the impact of green building concept on people’s health and wellbeing;
 To identify influcence of green building concept on environment;
 To consider effectiveness of the green building concept in energy saving;
 To identify the relationship between green building concept in providing economic
benefits.
1.5 Research questions
 How is the impact on green building concept, on people’s health and wellbeing is
measured;

 What is the influence of green building concept on environment;
 What is the role of green building concept in relation to energy saving?

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
With the completion of introduction section, the next part comes in the dissertation is of
literature review. This topic is considered as most important section of the thesis because views
and opinions of different authors have been taken into consideration so that the desired results
can be obtained. Moreover, the data under the section is collected with the help of secondary
sources, which will be the base for the further research. Apart from it, this section, the gap in the
previous studies will be assessed in clear and effective manner. Topic will also witness the view
of the researcher in brief way as well. In order to complete the thesis, the present document will
cover topics like measuring the impact of green building concept on people’s health and well-
being. Apart from it, it will also focus on the influence of green building concept on
environment. It will also showcase the effectiveness of this concept on energy saving as well.
2.2 Concept of green building and its impact on people's health and well-being
According to Faulconbridge (2013) green building is a concept, which emphasises on
constructing building in such a way as important resources like energy, water and material is
utmost used and the efficiency is maintained. Further, the conception also focuses on declining
the building impact on human and environment, so that it protects the entire life cycle and the
construction process is done in cost effective manner. Moreover, with the green building concept,
there will be a positive impact on people’s health and they will be able to live for longer life just
because they will get better facilities and hygiene qualities. Butler (2011) stated that the green
building is the latest concept and there are only few architects who follow it as it requires huge
cost. However, the result that it derives gives valuable result and is beneficial in the long life for
both the construction work as well as human life. The common objective of building this concept
is to reduce the overall impact in order to build environment. Moreover, with the implementation
of this concept, health of the human being will be surely improved and environment protection
will also be done in form of low electricity consumption, cutting of trees, etc.
From the view point of Hashim and et.al (2011) green building concept will also reduce
the risk of different health diseases which individual faces in their life because they will get best
environment as well as survival. Better drinking water, air, etc. will be the base, which will cure
individual health at the best level. Architects are also emphasising on learning this concept and

getting the base of it through different academic sources so that they can gain best of the
knowledge for efficient and effective working. Globally buildings are generally responsible for
huge share in major elements like energy, electricity, water as well as the consumption of
material. Moreover, the building sector have great potential for delivering significant cuts in the
emissions. These cuts are either little or has no cost. Architects considering the fact of this
concept and nowadays develop the architectural plan so that less electricity is consumed and
wastage of water is also low. For the well being of individuals, terrace garden is developed so
that individuals get better oxygen from natural plants which will reduce breathing problem and
several other disease issues as well. Brown and et.al (2010) also supported that construction work
usually affects the life of flora and fauna and it is necessary to protect the natural environment so
that best of the contribution is given in the growth and development of nation. Further, green
building concept plays a important role in long live of individual as the major thing which
concerns with this concept is hygiene and stability.
Furthermore, green building usually comes with vast practices, techniques and skills in
order to reduce the impact of building on both environment as well as on the health of
individuals. It is utmost important to take advantage of renewable resources which will reduce
the cost of construction work. There exist some methods which architects can use i.e. using
sunlight through the passive solar, considering photovoltaic equipments, using trees and plants in
form of green roofs, rain gardens, reducing the rain water in form of rain water harvesting
system. Considering the specific one will make construction work much more stable and promote
other architects as well to use the same so that growth is maximised. Butler (2011) argued that
high cost is the major factor and this is the only reason why many countries are not accepting it.
Further, there exist only few construction organizations who conduct these sort of practices.
Usually it is accepted that the construction work affects the environment upto great extent as
trees are took of and it is cultivated well. Reduction in trees will be a major concern as prior
oxygen will not be available which will affect the life of individual. Further, as the work
progress, the waste and other erotic components influence the surroundings badly. The labours
who are working at the site usually face the initial problem.
Hashim and et.al (2011) said that a report was published in the year 2009 by U.S. General
Service Administration and found that their exist 12 sustainably designed buildings which costs
really less while operating and has excellent energy performance as well. Moreover, it is also

found that the occupants were more satisfied with the construction of green building concept as
compared with the commercial buildings. These were also known as eco-friendly buildings
which has promoted growth and development for both human as well as environment. Further,
Quiroga (2012) claimed that there exist different type of economic benefit in respect of the
mentioned concept to the people. It has reduced the operating cost to relatively high extent in
relation to development of home. Overall it can be evaluated that this concept gives both
environment and economic benefit to individual.
The major benefit of using this concept is to reduce the overall impact which usually exist
on the health of individual. Architects can focus on it and consider the same on following ways:
 Use of energy, water and other resources in cost effective manner
 Reducing waste, pollution and environment degradation
It is necessary for the construction site to consider some of the fundamental principles
and these are based on structure design, energy, water and material efficiency, waste and toxic
reduction, etc.
2.3 Effect of green building concept on environment
According to Brown and et.al (2010) green building concept is the one which consumes
less water, optimise the different energy effectively, protects the natural resources and generate
less amount of waste. Taking all these aspects into consideration, a healthier space for the
occupants will be developed so that they can live a better life and promote growth in their life. It
Illustration 1: Green Building Concept
(Source: Need for Developing Green Building Concept in
the Country)

is found that the major base of any construction work is rooted with the concept of various types
of design states. The concept stage has its relatively high importance in the project life cycle
because it usually affects the cost and performance of the project. Moreover, in designing the
environmentally optimal buildings, the core objective is to reduce the total environment impact
which is linked with the different stages of the life cycle. Moreover, the process of construction
usually not of same type and it differs from one construction to the another. However, Butler
(2011) argued that buildings are one of the more complex products composed of various
multitude of materials. Different types of design which need to be constructed are selected at the
design stage. A slight variation in design influence the environment during the construction of
building at various life-cycle stages. The next factor which need to be taken into consideration is
of the energy where layout of the construction design is prepared so that the natural light pours
and give warmth to the individuals who will live there in. Moreover, shading the roof of the
house with trees will certainly offer eco-friendly air and can be considered as a major alternative
when compared with air-conditioning. This will also saves the individual income and there will
be less electricity bill as compared to other commercial household buildings.
From the view point of Hashim and et.al (2011) architects can also reduce the operating
energy use with the help of using high-efficiency windows and insulation within the walls. With
the implementation of the concept, people will be more fit as their will be prevention from
pollution and other harmful components. Green trees and grass around the house will give people
a pleasant environment and they have better health quality as compared to other individuals.
Different strategies like passive solar building design can also be implemented in order to make
low-energy homes. Various designers orient windows and walls, porches and use of trees to
shade windows and roofs can be taken into consideration so that their exist cooling even if the
temperature is at high degree. Further, with green development concept, the value of building
will also get increased. Butler (2011) stated that this concept is much more better than compared
with the standard one's because it lead towards saving of different natural resources. It also
promotes clean environment, healthy living and saving of water which is scarce in nature.
Building is one of the major energy consuming sector within the economy and the percentage of
it lies around 35-40 at the time when construction takes place. However, it usually happens but
the construction firm overcome the same when the work is completed in full-fledged.

Quiroga (2012) stated that apart of giving welfare, building industry is producing high
amount of Demolition waste. Buildings usually have some sort of environmental impacts over
the entire life cycle. Some of the major resources like ground cover, water, forests are usually
depleted in order to construct and operate building. Some resource intensive material like
building up of envelope and landscaping generally adds beauty to work. Further, the climate is
changing fast because of increasing energy consumption and due to this, there will be increase in
Green House gases which will be in form of carbon dioxide. The major impact of the climatic
change will result into:
 Water stress and also reduction in availability of fresh water
 Increases threat to agriculture as well as the scarcity of food
Further, Brown and et.al (2010) also supported the fact that building planning need to be
minimised and the use of building material need to be optimized so that the construction
practices sinks the bio-climatical architectural practices. Architect is generally responsible to
make a developed plan for the construction work so that all the scarce resources are utilised in
cost effective manner. Moreover, it is suggested that the architects and planners should start
thinking of green at the time of developing buildings. They have to develop the concrete jungle
into the green jungle by taking construction work accordingly. Further, concrete making material
mostly affect the environment as it generates CO2 at large level. Usually cement contains an
Illustration 2: Well planned Green structure
(Source: Need for Developing Green Building Concept in the Country)

element which is named clinker and it generates large amount of carbon dioxide gas during its
mixing at the time of construction work. Thus, there is need to minimise this concrete
consumption with the implementation of innovative architectural as well as structural design.
Wright (2011) also speak his view point that the green building concept is now increasing in UK
as government and private bodies become much more conscious in relation to solve the
environment. Some bodies like Association for Environment Conscious Building (AECB) is
promoting this concept since a very long period. Nowadays, protection of environment is first
step because pollution is affecting it badly and there is in need of protecting the surroundings
because forests are being destroyed for different types of construction and development work.
Hence, utilising it effectively will give individuals a best place to survive and sustain their health
as well.
According to Quiroga (2012) environment of particular location is badly influenced when
a construction work takes place. Sustainable construction material need to be taken into
consideration for choosing and keeping various characteristics in form of toxicity, high
recyclability, durability, sustained harvesting material, etc. Moreover, implementing dimensional
planning and different material efficiency strategy will reduce the construction cost upto a
relevant extent. Moreover, construction ventures within green building development will use low
flow equipments so that the water flow in the bathrooms and kitchen will be low and it will lead
into low water consumption. Using waste water management strategies, dual plumbing can be
used to recycle the water in different areas like toilet and kitchen so that it can be utilised for
future use. Rain water harvesting system is also a latest concept in the trend where the stored
water on terrace can be collected through pipe into tank and by filtering it, it can be used in
different other uses. This will not result into wasting of water and ultimately it will result into
consumption.
2.4 Effectiveness of green building concept in energy saving
According to Hashim and et.al (2011) houses which are developed with the use of green
building concept requires less energy as compared with the standard one's. It is because proper
ventilation for air and lighting is given so that the cost on electricity bill gets reduced. Design,
maintenance and construction of any building usually have high impact on environment as well
as natural resources. Green building concept is usually considered different from other building
concept because there is less use of non-renewable resources, produce minimum amount of

pollution and improves the health and comfort of the individuals. Green building usually
maximise the economic as well as environmental performance of building. Monfared and
Monfared and Sharples (2011) also supported that less energy is consumed because the rooms
which architect develops gets more ventilation and there is less cost incurred in form of the
electricity bill. This concept generally lays down special emphasis on using of various energy
efficient electricity bulbs. These bulbs use low energy and produces more light. Using of the
same will surely reduce the electricity bill. However, there exist some negative aspects as well on
the energy efficiency on human beings. It is duly because there is well known fact regarding it as
bulb which possess energy efficient florescent light emits high amount of radiation as compared
to other bulbs. Radiation generally affects the negative impact on human health. Solar water
heating also reduces the energy cost and contribute in the growth and development.
Wright (2011) said that architects are usually responsible as they are one who make the
design and put the electric fitting accordingly. The main role is of the architectural designs as
prior ventilation need to be there from all sides. No matter whether the construction work is done
for building or the individual home. Moreover, energy efficient devices plays an important role
as less electricity bill is incurred. Thus, it will provide different types of environmental benefit as
well and their will be less impact on the pocket of individuals as they have to pay less bill for the
electricity. Solar plant, solar heater, energy efficient devices are the major components of it.

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
Research methodology can be defined as systematic process in order to develop effective
research study. It refers to different methods and tools which are used to collect and analyse the
data for achieving some specific purpose. This is one of the important part of study which
usually emphasise on developing a detailed as well as well defined analysis of various research
concepts for carrying out the specific study (Kuada, 2012). Moreover, this study will also help in
developing wide and clear basis of investigation by considering various facts and figures by
adopting suitable methodology and research material. Some of the areas which will be covered in
this section are research philosophy, research approach, research design, sampling, data analysis,
data collection and other related ones.
3.2 Research philosophy
Research philosophy is one of the strong basis of research and it helps in attaining a
detailed as well as clear analysis of the research issue which helps researcher in developing a
clear idea about various methods available with him/her. Moreover, it is critical for researcher as
well to develop a clear and effective measure of the research philosophy as it results in the proper
allocation of resources (Johnson and Christensen, 2008). Therefore, implementing the stated
method in effective manner will lead into utmost utilization of time and budget constraint.
Moreover, these research philosophies are generally based on two major terminologies and these
are positivism and interpretivism. Positivism philosophy is generally based on structured
philosophy which helps in validating the universal concepts with the help of using statistical
tools. It can be also stated that positivism assist in quantifying the general perceptions of the
philosophies. In this step, researcher collects the data from different sources and studies the same
in order to make a positive and effective outcome.
On the other hand, interpretivism is a philosophy which focuses on prevailing the major
difference within environment and also the social behaviour of individuals. This method usually
focuses on changes and also shows the impact of these changes in the study so conducted as well.
Further, the analysis which is made in this study is new and is also close to reality as well (Jonker
and Pennink, 2010). The present study will adopt interpretivism philosophy because with this the
performance criteria for study will be analysed. In this analysis, questionnaire data will be

considered as a major tool for making the study much more successful. Moreover, the facts and
figures will also be taken into consideration with the help of various books and journals. Further,
the interpretative philosophy is used in this case because the study is not scientific in nature. This
philosophy also helps in considering internal and external factors of individuals choices and it
also make impact on decision making process as well. This philosophy will help in achieving the
goals and objectives of study.
3.3 Research approach
The next step in the research methodology part is of research approach and it is utmost
necessary to select a specific research approach. Research approach generally identifies the
measures which the research requires in order to fulfil the objective of the present study. This
approach usually emphasise on specific and general criteria (Kumar, 2014). The two major types
of research approach which can be taken into consideration is in form of inductive and deductive.
Inductive research approach is a approach where the researcher examines the aim of the
research and focuses on making deep research on stated topic. He/she gathers the relevant data
for the given topic and try to make a proper understanding for the same in order to bring
meaningful result. With this, it helps the researcher to analyse the effective pattern and theories
for the objectives and information so stated. Further, topic also makes deep and clear
understanding about specific concepts which relates with the study and refers to general
viewpoints in order to validate the same. On the other side, deductive approach usually deals
with the general perspective of study. In this, the researcher analyses the theory which relates
with the social pattern. Further, in this approach, everything happens inversely and the data so
collected are analysed on the basis of hypothesis. Further, this approach moves from the general
to specific concepts of study. The test of the hypothesis assist the individual in gaining specific
result on the study so considered (Daniel and Sam, 2011). Moreover, the major focus of this
approach is on finding that whether the theories and social patterns are in support of the
hypothesis or not.
For the present study, inductive approach will be used because quantitative data is
collected for fulfilling the research aims and objectives. This approach will also study different
theories and concepts for validating the research questions.

3.4 Research design
This aspect of research methodology states the specific characteristics of conducting
research analysis for present study. Research design generally refers to different types of research
styles which researcher follows for meeting the set objectives of given study. Further, it is
required to determine the right type of investigation so that realistic decision can be made in the
present context. Under the research design, there are various types of investigations and these are
in form of descriptive, exploratory, casual, etc. Descriptive study emphasise on describing the
facts which exist without exploring any type of new areas. Exploratory study includes identifying
the new sight from subject mater which prevails some issues and are addressed in effective
manner. This study is also treated as new and intense (Clarke and Fujimura, 2014). In the casual
research design, cause and effect relationship is assessed among two components. This
centralising on determining the causation effect of the study on the basis of current research
prospects. On the other side, their is also descriptive research which emphasise on different
general theories. Moreover, this present research collects the fact about stated topic and also
implement different theories and principles in order to drive the meaningful conclusion for the
same. Further, the research part is considered as one of the crucial portion of analysis which
helps researcher to accomplish aim and objectives of the research
Moreover, experimental research design is also available with the researcher which
he/she can take into consideration. This research design is quite common in the scientific field of
study. Here, the researcher reckon the real life situation and experiments the same so that they
can deliver quality of results. These results generally predicts the actual outcome which is
generalised as a theory. In the present research, exploratory research will be used because here
the concept is new and researcher does not anything about the topic. Further, he/she has to do
research on the topic from the starting point (Cooper, Hedges and Valentine, 2009). Apart from
it, their exist various methods for collecting the data which is included in this research design.
Moreover, for making the research more effective, best method of the data collection will be
taken into consideration.
3.5 Data Collection
Data collection is required in order to collect suitable data for the research so that they
can be examined effectively for attaining the suitable results. Taking this point into mind, data
are usually collected from either primary or secondary source (Goddard and Melville, 2004).

Primary data are those data which are collected by the researcher directly from respondents.
Here, the data are collected through different means and are in form of interview, questionnaire,
observations as well as the focus groups. On the other hand, secondary data are those data which
is collected by researcher from published sources. These data are already exist in different books,
journals, online sources, magazines, websites, newspapers, etc. These data are collected in order
to increase the contextualised information. In the present study, data will be collected from both
the sources so that effectual results can be attained in cost effective manner. In relation to this,
interview and survey method will be commonly used for collecting the primary data. Interview
will be conducted by the researcher with different architects, senior professionals so that best of
the result can be derived out for the green building concept (Silayoi and Speece, 2007). Further,
the major emphasis will be given to architects because they have all the basic knowledge of
construction. Researcher will also come to know that how the stated case study will lead towards
the sustainable environment and human life.
Taking this into consideration, sound information will be developed and with this
appropriate results will be obtained. Further, secondary source has been included for making
conclusive study for the taken topic. Here, the data will be collected through various books,
journals, magazines, online sources and different scholar contents. This will help researcher in
making the study more reliable, valid and authentic. Considering this, appropriate results will be
derived and it will witness the positive aspect of green building concept. Primary and secondary
data will be most effective in achieving the aims and objectives of the study (Singh. 2010).
3.6 Data Analysis
This portion of research methodology assist in developing a clear understanding of the
data so collected from the sample which is selected form the study. It assist in clear
representation of data and also the effective analysis has been made from the information which
is so obtained. This section is one of the important part of the report because it assist in
understanding the overall analysis of the study with the use of different tools and theories.
Further, for analysing the data, qualitative and quantitative are the two types of techniques
available (Davies, 2010). Qualitative includes the theoretical description of data in order to
obtain the conclusive result from it. However, on the other side, different types of mathematical
expression and the statistical tool is applied in the quantitative data analysis technique. In the
present study, both of them have been considered in order to attain accurate and clear results.

Moreover, the data so attained will be collected from different books, journals and online
sources to see the validity of report for meeting out the meaningful conclusion for the present
topic. This will help in accessing the necessity of undertaking the green building concept for the
growth and development of society.
3.7 Validity and reliability
This is one of the important step in order to carry out research study. Research usually
demand for high amount of data and usually there is need for a perfect integration so that best of
the results can be derived. This assist researcher in deriving the valid as well as authentic data
from the mass of individuals which is so selected for data analysis. It makes the study highly
reliable and also referable. For attaining the certain outcome of the study, researcher has used
only those information which are of senses and have certain logic behind them. It also has ability
of generalising certain research outcomes and objectives of business organisation (McMillan and
Schumacher, 2014).
Moreover, collecting certain data from professionals as well as architects requires certain
limitations in form of accessibility. It is generally because these individuals usually have hectic
scheduled and it is generally quite complex situation for them to get into the research activity
(Creswell, 2013). For addressing this issue, appointment need to be taken from them so that they
can express their views on green building concept in clear and specific manner. Further, it is
necessary for them to know the questions which researcher is with. Data is also collected from
valid source of information. Hence, data collected in this research study is very much reliable.
3.8 Ethical issues and consideration
Certain efforts will be incorporated in the present study in order to get away from all sort
of ethical issues. In relation to this, data which is so collected will be stored at secured place so
that it will be authentic all the time. Further, the other data which will be collected will also be
from the authentic source only and it will not be manipulated on any ground. Further, the interest
of individuals will be much more focused and no affecting information will be collected so that
disputes or any sort of conflicts get arise (Zikmund and et.al., 2013). Further, data collected in
the research is much reliable and this will produce valuable results for the study. Further, the
present study is also incorporated with high amount of the ethical norms.
Moreover, appropriate approval of the major people who helped in making report is taken
before involving them. Further, the name of the scholar and link of online sources has been kepty

confidential and will only be used for making the project purpose only. The same will not be
used for any other thing and confidentiality of the same will be maintained.
3.9 Research Limitations
Research study is always been a challenging task for researcher because it demands for
availability of information in order to attain the valid as well as effective results. Further, every
research consist of some sort of limitations and conclude weak points as well. However, it is also
ensured that the people who are part of this report having vast knowledge about the green
building concept (Kumar, 2005). Sometimes the data so collected might be outdated and it has
not been part of the present case scenario. This will make the report much more complicated
because of the wrong information obtained. Moreover, individuals also not able to understand
what is written by the scholar and due to this, whole of the information gets wrong. These are the
major limitations which are linked at the time of making the report.

CHAPTER: 4- DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction
This chapter is somehow critical as compared with the others. The data in this section are
collected and analysed by choosing appropriate technique. Further, the selection of technique is
also depend on the nature of the study. Thus, this present study generally requires application of
both the qualitative as well as quantitative research. These two techniques are available for
analysing and interpreting the data. Qualitative data generally include the theoretical description
of data for drawing meaningful and conclusive results from it. On the contrary side, secondary
data will be collected for having the meaningful conclusion for the present study. Data will be
collected from various secondary sources in form of books, journals and various online sources.
These sources will give excessive information in order to have the meaningful conclusion for the
present study.
There are different authors who have write about this green building concept and want to
see that grow in coming time period. Various journals has also been published in the national
newspaper and articles on the web in order to gather meaningful answer for the present study.
Therefore, secondary approach has been included in the study because it helps in gaining
meaningful results and through that meaningful objectives can be derived for the present study.
This will also assist in interpreting the situation in relation to Green Building Concept so that the
role of architects and other professionals is highlighted in effective manner (Basak, 2012). This
present report will carry out the data analysis which will be based on the qualitative approach for
gaining effective results. Moreover, thematic analysis will be done in order to find out best result
for Green building concept. Themes will be prepared and response from different authors will be
taken into consideration for making report much more effective.
4.2 Data analysis
Theme 1: Appropriateness of Green building concept
The above theme emphasise on finding the appropriateness of green building concept.
This concept has been new to the tally and emphasise on maintaining the greenery at the time of
undertaking the construction work. Architects are usually responsible to make best of the design
so that the environment does not get affected that much. From the view point of Korkmaz and
et.al (2010) use of resources plays an important role at the time of undertaking this construction

work. Further, the resources are scarce in nature and they need to be utilised in best effective
manner for achieving the individual and organization goals and objectives. Lush green
environment near to the home or building will give pleasant atmosphere to the people and they
will be able to live and sustain longer life. This concept is considered as appropriate because
greenery is getting vanished slowly and steadily. Different bodies are cultivating natural
components for their own benefit in order to increase their wealth. This will show a terrified
impact at later time period when people will have huge problem in breathing and can also suffer
from various harmful diseases. Thus, it is necessary to see the positive influence of this concept
and undertake the green building concept for the growth and development of nation.
Piwowarski, Krajewski and Lelito (2010) also stated that the green building concept
usually focuses on two major points and these are increase the efficiency with which the building
take use of energy, water and other useful resources. The other aspect is, declining the building
impact on the health of human being with better selection of site, design and construction.
Moreover, going green for construction will give society a lot of benefit in form of
environment, economic as well as social. With more green environment, more protection and
preservation of environment will exist and this will lead into the development and achievement
of individual and organisation goals and objectives. It is found that their need to be development
of awareness in the human beings relating to this concept because it has not been boosted
seriously. There are individuals who are not even aware of the s same terminology. Thus, there is
need of conducting the training and development session, seminars, etc. so that the concept so
explained gets boosted up in the eyes of people. This concept also give lots of benefit in form of
saving water, energy and different other natural resources (Yudelson, 2013). Once construction
so done will give benefit to the firm in the long run of their operation. Further, the construction
so done by undertaking the green building concept will give individual a lot of benefit because
the construction for the same is done in such a manner. Proper light has for ventilation has been
left so that not much electricity gets consumed during the day time. Greenery will give lot of
benefit to the individuals and with that they will be able to take care of their health as well.
Theme 2: Green building concept contributing its best in giving economic benefit to society
According to Spiegel and Meadows (2010) this concept will give lot of benefit to society
because greenery is the part which is reducing upto quite an extent. It is necessary for the
architects and construction agencies to construct such a environment which give lots of economic

benefit to the society. The benefit can be seen in form not affecting the surrounding by cutting of
trees and wasting the precious resources. However, this practice is new in the world but if these
are not taken into consideration within limited time frame then it will surely impact the
environment and there will be scarcity in the natural resources throughout the world. The major
influence will be made on the health of individuals as they will not be able to survive for long.
The major reason for that will be the pure air which will be absent from the surroundings.
Illustration 3: Green Building
(Source: Green Building with Environmentally Friendly Concept.
2016)
From the view point of Samari and et.al (2013) green building with environment free
concept has increased the demand. However, sustainability is one of the critical issue in this
aspect. However, the number of customers who are satisfied with this concept has increased
enormously and therefore there is need to enhance this concept in the eyes of all the individual
which will help in achieving the national prosperity. From the above figure it can be seen that
architects is nowadays making designs in such a manner so that individuals working there in gets
lot of benefit. Trees are planted at every level till the last floor so that natural air can be inhaled
by employees working there in. The concept came into mind when they saw lot of traffic during
the road and analysed that it will affect the health of individuals if proper precautions are not

taken into consideration. Thus, at the time of construction, natural environment has been taken
care enormously so that best benefits given to the customers. Clear air with good lighting save
energy and cost as well (Dagdougui and et.al 2012). The impact of it can be seen in the
electricity bill when the amount of electricity consumed is compared. Further, this lush green
environment is also a place for different small creatures like birds who are also able to survive
their life in effective manner.
Thus, Hwang and Tan (2012) also supported that green building concept plays a vital role
in providing economic benefit to the society. The money so saved by the venture can be used in
different development work which will certainly improve their brand image in the eyes of the
people. Nowadays, managers are also in need of the same because they want their employees to
perform well and does not get sick of any sort of diseases. If employee gets ill then their
performance will get affected and the same will impact the organisation results. Organisations
with that will not be able to get the competitive advantage over the rival competitors who are
working in the same industry. Moreover, green building is the one which is designed with
minimum impact on the environment and contrarily improves the health and welfare of the
residents living there in. there exist various good benefits which will be derived from the
landlord and the tenant. For instance, if competitiveness is taken into consideration, then those
who have implemented green building concept will be able to lease flats easily on rent. Further,
ventures who use this concept having valued image in the eyes of individuals as well as in the
society. Cities like Indonesia has implemented the concept of green building even they do not
have that much of hi-tech technologies. Thus, it not only depend on how much nation is
developed, but as how you are using the techniques in clear and effective manner.
Theme 3: Training is required to increase the awareness among individual
According to Piwowarski, Krajewski and Lelito (2010) there are many countries who are
not even aware of this concept and it is utmost necessary to increase their knowledge on the basis
of explained concept. Building green promotes welfare and growth for both society as well as
nation. Thus, certain initiatives has to be taken into consideration so that individuals can come to
know about this boosting concept of the present era. There need to be conduction of seminars,
conferences and road promotion with effective presentation so that individuals can come to know
each and every bit of it. Moreover, educating personnel towards this concept will attract them to
implement this in clear and effective manner whenever they plan for constructing something.

Training will showcase the benefit of these concept as individuals are not aware of it. Green
building concept usually use less water, energy and other important resources which is much
healthier for people when they are living or working inside a structured building. One another
meaning of this green structure is the clear environment, water and healthy living being all
around the corner .
Wheeler and Beatley (2014) also stated that building green does not only mean to be
efficient, it is also about creating building which optimise the local ecology, material, save power
and other useful resources in effective manner. Buildings are one of the major energy consuming
sector and these have to be taught to the individuals who are not even aware of it. A total of 35-
40% of energy goes at the time of construction of building. The major energy consumption first
either at the time of construction work and later with the usage of air conditioners and other
heavy devices. This can be minimised with the usage of green building concept because the
architectural construction is done in such a way that a house get proper ventilation of light and
air from all the corners. The fresh air and lighting keeps individual fresh and they remain
stronger and healthier for long time period (Importance of green building, 2016).
Illustration 4: Solar panels used in
Green building
(Source: What is Green Architecture?
2016)
Giving effective knowledge to individuals relating to this concept will improve their
understanding and they will use the concept effectively whenever they plan for the construction.

Audience are not aware of the benefits which this construction give. However, the mentioned
construction costs more as compared to the normal because of the minute things which architects
takes into consideration at the time of constructing the building. However, the cost so incurred
are overcome in the long run of the construction of building. Further, if individual has to self
want to know about this concept then they can search the stuff online with the help of Google.
Moreover, Youtube is also a major source where clear descriptive things are conveyed so that
individual can increase their knowledge upto great extent.
Theme 4: Green architect is much more sustainable
Marszal and et.al (2011) said that green architecture is one of the sustainable method in
order to construct a green building design. This is the design which takes place by taking the
environment in the mind. Architects who are indulged in these practices usually focuses on key
concepts which emphasise on energy efficient and environment friendly components. Architects
who consider themselves as green use standard degree in their architectural design and practices.
Some of the architects have possess necessary knowledge or qualification in that background.
With this, they have vast understanding of these concepts and are guiding other people as well to
use the same in order to be effective in their operations. Moreover, modification is necessary in
all aspect for the construction. In order to be much more sustainable i.e. from initial construction
to site visits and early designs builders usually plan modification from time to time and take
effective decision in order to improve the green building concept.
Moreover, Wheeler and Beatley (2014) argued that the construction design of each and
every architects differ from one another and thus it is necessary for them to choose best of the
architects in order to accomplish the construction project. Moreover, they can also ask them for
the previous projects which they have done in pasts. The quality of projects they have completed
will give them more of the contract and they can show their perfection in the service by initiating
green building concept. Architects also have to take the initiative for making surroundings much
more greenery with their practices. They should advice the individuals different factors which
will make building much more energy efficient. They also have responsibilities to convert the
idea of the client into the reality. They have to use modern ways of energy efficient devices for
undertaking the operations which will help them in achieving their individual and organisation
goals and objectives. Beatley (2014) also supported that latest technology should be taken into
play for the green building concept and some of them are solar panels, thermal mass building

construction, usage of green material, etc. further, their exist design and construction which make
a building much more sustainable as well as green. It is also important for the architect to pay a
really very close attention towards the environment where the construction work is taking place.
The design of the construction plan should be made in such a manner that the green building
gives utmost benefit to individual. Apart from it, it gives lot of benefit to each and every aspect.
If environment is talked about, then it provides benefit in form of increase in biodiversity and
ecosystem, improvement in water and air quality, decrease in water streams, etc. Further, if
economic benefits are taken into consideration, then these are in form of reduction in the
operational costs, improvement in the occupational productivity, increase in the asset value as
well as profits, etc. It also provides social benefits and these are in form of increase in the
occupants health as well as comfort zone, improvement in air quality and reduction of strain on
the local infrastructure. However, the main benefit of this green building concept is that it
improves the overall quality of the individual life. This will enhance individual performance and
they will be able to survive for longer time period with greenery around the construction work.
Some other benefits will be in form of reduction in the overall impact which usually exist on the
health of individual. Architects can focus on it and consider the same on following ways:
 Use of energy, water and other resources in cost effective manner
 Reducing waste, pollution and environment degradation
It is necessary for the construction site to consider some of the fundamental principles
and these are based on structure design, energy, water and material efficiency, waste and toxic
reduction, etc.
Theme 5: Green building concept helps in saving of energy
From the view point of Wheeler and Beatley (2014) the main role of the green building
concept is that it plays its effective role in the saving of energy and with this the cost of the
electricity has been reduced by quite an extent. This is because architects at the time of designing
consider each and every minute things about the things which have to be placed. Thus, prior
ventilation also need to be taken into mind so that individual have clear breathing and live longer
life. For the saving of energy, proper ventilation of lighting is done so that people who will live
there in gets natural light. This in relation will be more effective because it will save lot of
electricity in the day time and significantly there will be less electricity bill as well. Further,
fittings of energy saving devices and bulbs will give much of the contribution in saving energy as

well. Due to this, individual will be able to utilise more of the power and will also contribute
their best in the growth and development of the society as well as nation.
From the above image, it can be visualised that for the constriction of home, various
things has been taken into consideration and this is one of the best example of green building
concept. At the top, solar panel is placed which will play an effective role in saving energy.
Windows in the rooms are constructed in such a manner that proper ventilation exists full day
around. Apart from it, there also exist greenery around the house which will give best of the
environment to the individual whole day long. Fitting of pipe, boards, electricity panel, etc. ae
done in such a manner so that utmost benefits are given to clients. Piwowarski, Krajewski and
Lelito (2010) also supported that less energy is consumed because the rooms which architect
develops gets more ventilation and there is less cost incurred in form of the electricity bill. This
concept generally lays down special emphasis on using of various energy efficient electricity
bulbs. These bulbs use low energy and produces more light. Using of the same will surely reduce
the electricity bill. However, there exist some negative aspects as well on the energy efficiency
on human beings. It is duly because there is well known fact regarding it as bulb which possess
energy efficient florescent light emits high amount of radiation as compared to other bulbs.
Radiation generally affects the negative impact on human health. Solar water heating also
Illustration 5: Major components of Green building and saving of energy
(Source:WHAT MAKES A BUILDING GREEN? – GREEN BUILDING
CONCEPT)

reduces the energy cost and contribute in the growth and development (Wheeler and Beatley,
2014).

CHAPTER 5- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
This is the last section of the study and it usually reflects the major findings of the
research which is merged with the objectives in order to make a better impact on the
understandability of the reader. A concise summary has been presented in front of the reader and
the recommendations for the same are given on the basis of understanding which has been
developed from above research. These recommendations will be helpful in order to better
implement the practice which is taken into consideration. Moreover, for the current study of the
following chapter, there will be sudden evaluation of the overall findings and the
recommendations are generally given for using of the green building concept in the construction
work.
5.2 Conclusion
The above finding of study usually evaluates that the green building concept having
utmost importance and it plays a significant role in the growth and development of society as
well as nation. If it is implemented, then there will be less impact on the plant and trees as their
degradation will not be done and they will be used as a part of the construction work. Further,
this research study consist of different research themes which shows the major aspect of green
building concept. This study also concludes its importance for both human beings as well as to
the environment. This study also concludes that people were in high favour of implementing the
green building concept so that benefits are given to all the aspects. This document also depicts
the importance of major section as saving of natural resources, environment, etc. Moreover, it is
also concluded that normal construction process were not helping the environment and for each
and every construction work, place used to be cultivated and different resources been influenced
effectively. With successful implementation, there will be greenery whole around the
construction and individual will be able to enjoy a health and happier life as compared to normal
individuals. This report also concludes that construction need to be done in such a manner that
their exist easy ventilation for both air and sunlight so that less cost is made in form of electricity
device and also for the purchase of these fittings.

5.3 Recommendations
It is recommended that the green building concept need to be upgraded and more
individuals need to be attracted towards it so that more people can come to know about its
importance. At the time of research, it is found that only few people were aware of this concept
and some has not even heard the name of it. Thus, it is utmost important for different bodies to
take action and conduct seminars or conference to build the knowledge of mass audience towards
this concept. Moreover, it is also recommend to enhance this process and assist architects to use
this process. From research, it is found that only few firms are undertaking this concept and it is
necessary to be used whole around the manner in cost effective manner. Further, it is also
recommended to show the varied benefit of this concept in form healthier life of individuals and
also to preservation of flora and fauna. It is also recommended that construction need to be done
in such a manner so that their exist proper ventilation for each and everything. It needs to be
done precisely and with this only the green building concept will take the importance in clear and
effective manner. Further, recommendation is also given to use the resources which are scarce in
nature because neglecting those will lead into wrong impact on environment and this can harm
the reputation and goodwill of the firm who is so undertaking the construction work. Moreover,
different professionals and lecturers has to take initiative and guide students this concept so that
they can consider the same whenever they go for higher degree or in the line of the same work.

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