Diabetes Type 1 and 2: Differences, Non-Pharmacological Treatment, Complications, and Relationship with Depression

DIABETES TYPE 1 AND 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUESTION 1..................................................................................................................................1
Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes..........................................................................1
QUESTION 2..................................................................................................................................2
Discussion of non-pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes...............................................2
QUESTION 3..................................................................................................................................2
Discussion of 1 potential long term physical complication of type 2 diabetes...........................2
QUESTION 4..................................................................................................................................3
Discussion of relationship between type 2 diabetes and depression...........................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

QUESTION 1
Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Risk factors
Type 1 diabetes: People with parents or siblings with type 1 diabetes have higher risk of
developing type 1 diabetes (Carey & et. al. 2018). It can occur at any age but most commonly
occur to children and adolescents. Presence of certain type of genes can also increase
development of type 1 diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes: If a person is prediabetic and has slightly elevated blood sugar level. People
who are obese or carry excess weight and are physically inactive like Dave as he is Obese.
People who have immediate family members with type 2 diabetes. Dave’s father was diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes when he was 50.
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes is culmination of lymphocytic infiltration as well as
destruction of insulin secreting beta cells in pancreas (Zaccardi & et. al. 2016). In this insulin
secretion decreases, beta-cell mass declines until there is no insulin adequate for maintenance of
normal blood glucose levels. It is an autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing islet cells
are completely destroyed in pancreas.
Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes is characteristics by resistance of peripheral insulin, hepatic
glucose production impaired regulations or by declining β-cell function. This can eventually
lead to failure of β -cell. In this type 2 diabetes islet cells that produce insulin are still working
but body becomes resistant to insulin (Barrière & et. al., 2018).
Treatment
There is cure for type 1 diabetes as body of such people do not produce insulin. So, the only
treatment to this type 1 diabetes is to inject insulin within patient body regularly (Chatterjee,
Khunti & Davies, 2017).
Type 2 diabetes can be managed and reversed with diet and exercise. Management of type 2
diabetes can be done though proper medication (Raveendran, Chacko & Pappachan, 2018). For
management of Dave’s diabetes he can be asked to reduce weight, maintain healthy diet and take
regular medication.
1