Equality and Diversity in the Workplace

This report focuses on the topic of managing workplace discrimination to build competitive advancement, with a specific emphasis on equality and diversity. The study is based on Tesco, a multinational grocery retailer. The report outlines the aims and objectives of the research, as well as the research methods used. It also includes a literature review on the topic and provides a timeline of activities. The report concludes with a reflection and alternative research methodology.

EQUALITY AND DIVERSITY
IN THE WORKPLACE
TASK 2

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................3
Research proposal........................................................................................................................3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................5
P3 Research methodologies.........................................................................................................5
P4 Data analysis...........................................................................................................................7
LO 3...............................................................................................................................................20
P5 Research outcome.................................................................................................................20
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................22
P6 Reflection.............................................................................................................................22
P7 Alternative research methodology and learning...................................................................22
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................23
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity termed out as equal opportunities. This is defined as legal
obligation that aids to protect against discrimination (Rao, 2017). Discrimination can be done on
the person sex, disability, belief and sexual orientation. Furthermore, diverse workforce allows
an enterprise to offer wide range of skills, ideas and resources in terms to provide business a
competitive advancement.
The study is based on working of Tesco, it is multinational grocery sector that deals in
general merchandises retailer. It deals in product and services of supermarket.
The present report is based on research topic as to managing the workplace
discrimination terms to build competitive advancement. Henceforth, report will lay emphasise on
to outline the aims and objective on the chosen topic. Therefore, various research methods will
be selected to carry out the study effectively with choosing appropriate technique of conducting
research.
LO 1
P1 Research proposal
Background of research
Equality is termed out as an equal opportunity within the workplace so that everyone in
enterprise can be treated fairly (Colquitt, Lepine and Gellatly, 2017). With help of creating the
equal environment, it aids to prevent individual being discriminated on the basis of
characteristics. Thus, reduction in amount of workplace discrimination leads to have positive
working environment. Henceforth, aim and objectives are defined as-
Aim-
To eliminating workplace discrimination and unfair treatment by promoting “Equality
and Diversity”. A study on Tesco, plc.
Objectives
 To articulate the impact of “Equality and Diversity” on workplace discrimination.
 To investigate the ways that aids to overcome workplace discrimination and creates
supportive working environment.
 To identify the affect of “Equality and Diversity” on workplace discrimination.
 To undertake suggestive measures that aids to promote “Equality and Diversity” within
the Tesco plc.

Research questions
 What are the ways to overcome workplace discrimination?
 How “Equality and Diversity” affects the workplace discrimination.
Justification on chosen topic
Equality and diversity defined as to ensure that everyone has an equal opportunity and
not any individual within enterprise is treated differently and discriminated on the basis of age,
sex and sexual orientation etc. This research will help to investigator to undertake depth
investigation on research topic as Equality and Diversity.
This aids to researcher to undertake further study on equality that aids to reduce
workplace discrimination. With help of this research, researcher can understand the significance
of topic equality and diversity and this impact of working of the enterprise.
Literature review
The equality legislation aids to employers understand how to recruit and treat staff fairly
and promotes diversity within the workplace. As per the view of Colquitt, Lepine and Gellatly,
(2017) stated that recruiting diverse workforce demonstrate the commitment to equality and
diversity within the enterprise. It requires recognition that assist individual from different
background that can bring fresh ideas and perspective that makes the enterprise more effective
and efficient. According to the view of Pitts, (2016) stated that equal management needs to be
both fair and flexible. Equality and diversity can be termed out as promoting the equality of
opportunity for all. Diversity in the workplace can range from cultural, ethnic and generational
differences that presents within workplace (Greene, 2019). Additionally, diversity can be
regarded as the recognising, understanding and accepting the differences of individual
irrespective of race, gender, age, class, ethnicity and physical ability etc. Furthermore, diversity
termed out as promoting the opportunity and creates the opportunity for the all and this also
provides the chance to accomplish potential that is free from prejudice and discrimination
In contrary to Patrick and Kumar, (2015) stated that an enterprise that offers incentives
and rewards to the employees helps to accomplish the long term goals within the enterprise. An
enterprise that values the equality and diversity that teaches employees to feel empowered and to
challenge the negative behaviour of the others. According to the view of Christian, Porter and
Moffitt, (2016) stated that having the workforce that reflect the better understanding of the
customer can assist to facilitate the enterprise awareness of the needs and wants of customer that

enhance the chances of enterprise to accessing the new markets. Within the rapidly changing
world, the organisation that values and encourages the diversity among employees will have
competitive advancement over others.
Activities timescale
Activity 1
week
2
week
3
week
4
week
5
week
6
week
7
week
8
week
9
week
10
week
Identify
research topic
Justification
on chosen
topic
Research
methodologie
s
Review of
Literature
Draft
finalization
Conclusion
Submission
LO 2
P2 Research methodologies
This is defined as scientific procedure or techniques that helps to investigate, select,
process and analyse the information about the topic (Greene, 2019). Additionally, research

methods termed out as the strategies, procedures and techniques that mainly utilise to undertake
the collection of data in terms to gather the depth and useful information about the research
topic. Therefore, this is defined in following manner as are-
Research approach- It is defined as plan and procedure that is inclusive step broad assumptions
to detailed method of data collection. Research method is classified as inductive and deductive
(Quinlan and et.al., 2019). Therefore, inductive research is termed out as start with the theories
and observation that are proposed towards the end of research process. In addition to this,
deductive approach termed out as to develop the hypothesis that is based on the exiting theory
and to design the research plan of action to conclude the research effectively and efficiently. In
order to conduct the research, investigator has used the inductive approach to carry out the
proposed research.
Research design- This is term out as the overall plan of action that allows to select and to
integrate the different component of the study within logical and coherent manner. This is one
of the effective techniques as this provides the way to conduct the research effectively. Research
strategy classified into the categories as Descriptive, correlational, experimental etc. In this,
researcher has used the descriptive techniques to gather the depth information about the chosen
topic.
Sampling- It is term that defined as group of people, objects and things that are needed to be
taken from the larger number of population in terms to undertake the measurement ( Ledford and
Gast, 2018). Henceforth, sampling is classified into the techniques as Random, systematic,
cluster and stratified etc. In order to conduct the present research study, the researcher has used
sample random techniques by selecting the sample size of 30 respondents as employer.
Data analysis- This is defined as process that refer as inspecting, cleansing, transforming and
modelling the data with aim of discovering the useful information, conclusion and this also
allows to undertake supporting decision making (Litosseliti, 2018). In order to conduct the
present research, researcher has used thematic analysis with use of tabular presentation to
undertake the investigation in reliable and effective manner.
P3 Description in terms of cost, access ad ethics.
Research type- This is defined as careful consideration of study in relation to particular concern
and problem with use of scientific techniques. This is defined as systematic inquiry that aids to
describe, predict, explain and also helps to control the observed phenomenon. There are two type

of research as quantitative and qualitative (Klarsfeld and et.al., 2016). On the other hand,
quantitative research aids to gather the information about the topic with the use of methods as
SPSS and this is statistic based research. Henceforth, researcher can use qualitative techniques
and this allows to gather the information with the use of tools as to collect the information by
using thematic presentation and also helps to gain in depth information about the human
behaviour. In order to conduct this research, researcher has used the qualitative technique.
Data collection- This is termed out as process of collecting and measuring information on
variables of interest with the established and systematic manner. Henceforth, data collection
classified into the categories as primary as well secondary (Kumar, 2019) . In addition to this,
primary techniques can be helpful to gather the first hand information with use of framing the
questionnaire and to undertake the depth and reliable research by conducting thematic analysis.
On the other hand, secondary techniques will be helpful to collect the information with use of
methods as books, journals, articles etc. In order to undertake the present research, researcher has
used both the techniques as primary and secondary as this both assist to conduct the information
in reliable and appropriate mode.
Cost- The present research is based on topic as to eliminating workplace discrimination and
unfair treatment by promoting “Equality and Diversity”. Therefore, the estimated cost is needs to
assumed to undertake the each task to the research report. Additionally, project cost are
expenditure that estimated to be made to undertake the research effectively. Henceforth, the
estimated cost to undertake the research is £5000.
Access- This is term that aids to define the ability, right and permission to undertake the research
activities in effective and efficient manner.
Ethics- The ethical consideration is termed out as crucial aspect to collect the research in ethical
mode. It is one of the effective term that aids to maintain the confidentiality of information and
carry out the research in appropriate manner (Mackey and Gass, 2015). Prior approval must be
taken before disclosing any information about the research topic as this helps to maintain the
honesty and integrity of research.
P4 Data analysis
Questionnaire
1. Does diversity within the workplace improve the productivity level of enterprise.
 Yes

 No
 May be
2. Is creative of Tesco can be increased within diversified environments.
 Yes
 No
 May be
3. Do you think diverse team aids to earn more profitability than non diverse teams.
 Yes
 No
 May be
4. Does equality and diversity help to gain better financial results.
 Yes
 No
 May be
5. Is workplace discrimination leads to promote positive working environment.
 Yes
 No
 May be
6. What are the positive aspect of equality and diversity within workplace.
 Enhancement in opportunity
 Increase brand reputation
 Better financial results
 creative and innovative approach
7. Is promoting equality and diversity aids to attract and retain best quality employees within
enterprise.
 Yes
 No
 May be

Theme 1: Diversity assist to improve the productivity level of enterprise.
Does diversity within the
workplace improve the
productivity level of enterprise. Frequency %
Yes 25 83.33%
No 3 10.00%
May be 2 6.67%
Total 30 100.00%
Mean 10
Median 3
Standard deviation 13
Interpretation- Based on the above graph it can be stated that diversity within the workplace
can assist to improve the productivity level of entities. Therefore, the total number of 30
Yes No May be
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
25
3 2
Frequency

respondents. In this, 25 respondent stated yes, 3 stated no and 2 are not sure of it. Additionally,
majority of participants stated that diversity leads to bring improvement within the productivity
level of enterprise.
Theme 2: creativity of Tesco can be increased due to diversified environment.
2. Is creativity of Tesco can be
increased within diversified
environments. Frequency %
Yes 26 86.67%
No 2 6.67%
May be 2 6.67%
Total 30 100.00%
Mean 10
Mode 2
Median 13.86
Yes
No
May be
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
26
2
2
Frequency

Interpretation- As per the stated graph it can be stated that creativity within the enterprise can
be enhanced due to diversified environment. This can be helpful to leads to promote positive
working environment. In this, 26 respondents stated yes, 2 stated no and 2 are not sure of it.
Henceforth, majority of participant stated that creativity can be enhanced within the business
entity that follows diversified practices.
Theme 3: Diverse team helps to earn more profitability.
3. Do you think diverse team
aids to earn more profitability
than non diverse teams. Frequency %
Yes 27 90.00%
No 2 6.67%
May be 1 3.33%
Total 30 100.00%
Mean 10
Mode 2
Median 14.74

Interpretation- As per the above graph it can be stated that diversity team aids to earn
maximum amount of profitability and productivity. This aids to attract and retain best quality of
employees. The total number of respondents are 30. In this, 27 stated yes, 2 stated no and 1 is not
sure of it. Under it, majority of participants stated that diverse teams helps to earn maximum
amount of profitability and productivity.
Theme 4: Equality and diversity aids to gain better financial result.
4. Does equality and diversity
help to gain better financial
results. Frequency %
Yes 28 93.33%
No 1 3.33%
May be 1 3.33%
Total 30 100.00%
Mean 10
27
2
1
Yes
No
May be

Mode 1
Median 15.59
Interpretation- Based on the above graph it can be stated that equality and diversity termed out
as the effective tool that helps to gain the better financial result. The total number of respondents
are 30. In this, 28 participants stated yes, 1 stated no and 1 is not sure of it. Thus, majority of
respondents stated that equality and diversity within the workplace helps to gain profitability and
that leads to enhance financial result.
Theme 5: Workplace discrimination promotes positive working environment.
5. Is workplace discrimination
leads to promote positive
working environment. Frequency %
Yes No May be
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 28
1 1
Frequency

Yes 27 90.00%
No 2 6.67%
May be 1 3.33%
Total 30 100.00%
Mean 10
Mode 2
Median 14.74
Interpretation- Based on the above stated graph it can be concluded that workplace
discrimination can leads to promote positive working environment. Discrimination within the
workplace leads to create positive environment. The total number of respondents are 30. In this,
27 stated yes, 2 stated no and 1 is not sure about it.
Theme 6: Equality and diversity helps to enhance brand reputation.
Yes
No
May be
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
27
2
1
Frequency

6. What are the positive aspect
of equality and diversity within
workplace. Frequency %
Enhancement in opportunity 8 26.67%
Increase brand reputation 12 40.00%
Better financial results 5 16.67%
creative and innovative
approach 5 16.67%
Total 30 100.00%
Mean 7.5
Median 5
Mode 6.5
Standard deviation 3.32
Enhancement in opportunity
Increase brand reputation
Better financial results
creative and innovative approach
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
8
12
5
5
Frequency

Interpretation- Based on the above stated graph it can be stated that Equality and diversity
within the workplace helps to enhance the brand reputation as this allows to have systematic
flow of working within the enterprise. The total number of respondents are 30. In this, 8 stated
that equality and diversity within the workplace allows to enhance the opportunity that leads to
conduct effective practices, 12 stated that equality and diversity helps to enhance brand
reputation, 5 participants stated that equity and diversity practices assist to gain better financial
result and 5 stated that equality and diversity leads to carry out creative and innovative approach.
Henceforth, this can be said that majority of respondent said that equality and diversity leads to
enhance brand reputation and conduct effective working environment.
Theme 7: Promoting equality and diversity helps to attract the best quality employees within
enterprise.
7. Is promoting equality and
diversity aids to attract and
retain best quality employees
within enterprise. Frequency %
Yes 25 83.33%
No 4 13.33%
May be 1 3.33%
Total 30 100.00%
Mean 10
Median 4
Mode 13.05

Interpretation- As per the stated above graph it can be said that promoting equality and
diversity attracts the best quality of employees within the enterprise. The total number of the
respondents are 30. in this, 25 stated yes, 4 stated no and 1 is not sure of it. Thus, majority of
respondents stated that promoting equality and diversity helps to attract and retain best quality
employees.
LO 3
P5 Research outcome
Workplace discrimination can affects the working of the enterprise in negative aspect.
discrimination can be termed out as to treating, propose to treat and treat someone unfavourably
leads to creation discrimination. Workplace differentiation can destroy the morale that leads to
conflict and high employee turnover rate. Discrimination can lost the productivity, leads to low
morale, dissatisfaction in the job this call things can impact the profitability of the enterprise.
Henceforth, firms top down policies can provides the effective support to cope up with the issue
of diversity within the workplace. leader of the enterprise plays the crucial role in the promoting
the work environment that fosters the awareness and enhance the worth of diverse workforce.
With the help of promoting the workplace diversity and cultural diversity the employees within
Yes No May be
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
25
4
1
Frequency

the organisation can feel valued and respected. Therefore, one of the better advancement of
workplace diversity is that this can be one of the effective way to have enhancement in
employees productivity and also reduce the absenteeism rates. This also supports to lowers down
the rate of employee turnover. too much discrimination in the workplace can cause poor
performance of employees and staff feel demotivated due to negative atmosphere in their
surroundings. Discriminatory practices impacts the firm reputation and this leads to create the
unhappy employees. discrimination diminishes the human capital within the enterprise while
creating the hostile work environment for the employees and employers. It is termed out as the
discrimination as this impacts the hiring, promotion, job, termination and compensation within
the working of the enterprise. In addition to discrimination at work can lead to decreased the job
performance and lowers down the productive levels. Henceforth, this can be true to said that
discrimination within the workplace can negatively affects the business and also can impact the
brand recognition of the enterprise.
Diversity and equality has become the internal part of the enterprise as this helps to
managing the working within the enterprise. In addition to this, the term equal opportunities is
linked with tolerant, right based and conformity of legal rights that aids to keep employees free
from biases. diversity management is termed out as to put focus on organisational initiatives that
value the non discrimination and also respect the each individual within the workplace. effective
diversity management requires the culture that is inclusive of work environment that nurtures
the team work, allows to have better participation and cohesiveness.
performance appraisals is conducted in order to enhance the managerial and
organisational performance along with the employee motivation. Equality can be accomplished
when the enterprise conducts the culture and management system of audit. equality and diversity
can be termed out as the recognition in which people come from differ backgrounds and also
bring fresh ideas and perspectives that helps to make the organisation more effective. Thus,
positive workforce reflects that aids to develop the facilitate organisation awareness of customer
needs and this enhance the chance of being customer driven and their employee profile is out of
line with the customer profile. Within rapidly changing world, traditional approaches to the
management are not any longer effective.
organisation that values and encourage the diversity among the employees can have
competitive advancement over the others. equality and diversity aids to ensures that organisation

can promote their working effectively and efficiently. Thus, regular review of the policies and
practices needs to be the part of fabric of the enterprise. The employees of the enterprise needs to
be responsible for becoming the culturally competent. having the diverse workforce termed out
as to offer the wide range of ideas, skills, resources to businesses in order to give the competitive
advancement. Good diversity programme is beneficial and this also have beneficial effects on
staff. training is define as one of the crucial aspect that aids to ensure about the diversity policy
and equality that helps to bring out the positive working environment.
LO 4
P6 Reflection
The present research is based on topic as to eliminating workplace discrimination and
unfair treatment by promoting “Equality and Diversity”. Therefore, researcher has undertaken
research methodologies to undertake the proper investigation of the research topic. In this, I have
used Interpretivism philosophy as this aids to interprets the element of study. On other hand,
researcher has used positivism philosophy as this based on nature phenomenon and relations.
Thus, I have used both approach as primary as well secondary to collect the depth knowledge
about the research topic in reliable manner. Lastly, I have conducted qualitative analysis with use
of thematic analysis so that research can be collected properly. In addition to this, I have used the
both the method to undertake the study and this has helped me to collect the depth information
about the research topic. Also, data analysis has helped me a lot to collect the specific
information and this aid me to conduct the study in proper manner.
P7 Alternative research methodology and learning
Research methodologies
Research methodologies termed out as strategies, processes and techniques that can be
utilised in collection of data and also aids to create better understanding about the topic (Pitts,
2016). These are defined in following manner as are-
Research type is term that aids to understand the study with particular concern and
problem using scientific techniques. Henceforth, research type are classified as qualitative and
quantitative. In order to undertake the present research study the researcher can also use
quantitative techniques, use of frequencies, mean, T-test will help the scholar in getting more
accurate results.

Research approach is termed out as plan and procedures that consist of steps of broad
assumption to detailed techniques of data collection, analysis and interpretation. Therefore,
research approach classified into categories as inductive and deductive. Researcher can use
Deductive approach that would help in measuring the results in most effective manner. .
Research strategy is termed out as the step by step plan of action that provides direction
to thoughts and efforts. It enables to conduct the research appropriately (Pitts, 2016). To
undertake research, the researcher can use exploratory technique to undertake the study in depth
manner.
Data analysis is defined as process of cleaning, transforming and modelling data that aids to
find useful information for business decision making. For this research, investigator can use
SPSS so that research can be undertaken with use of tabular presentation in systematic manner.
Lesson learnt
I have learnt that use of quantitative methods are also useful to get the most appropriate
results. As it can help me in finding and evaluating the data properly and getting more authentic
results. I learnt that it is essential for scholar to take care of ethics so that no complications take
place in near future. This research has helped me to improve my research skills. I have also
collected the whole information in a team. So, it has helped me in terms to enhance my team
building skills. I have also found out that my communication skill also get improved and also
learnt approach to deal with complex issues.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be summarized that equality and diversity plays the crucial
role in streamlining the working of enterprise. The term equality is termed out as to ensuring that
each individual has an equal right and they are not be treated discriminated on the basis of age,
sex, gender etc. The present report is based on the topic as “To eliminating workplace
discrimination and unfair treatment by promoting “Equality and Diversity”.
Furthermore, study has laid focus on to outlined the aims and objectives on the basis on
chosen topic. In addition to this, assignment has also covered data analysis with qualitative
method that aids to conduct the depth investigation of chosen topic. Moreover, report has also
focused on to conduct depth analysis with selecting methodologies so that reliable investigation
can be conducted.
RECOMMENDATION

On the basis of above report, the suggestive measures has been given to reduce
workplace discrimination in following manner as are-
1. The organisation should educate the all workers about the policies of discrimination. This
can leads to promote positive working environment (Moore and Tailby, 2015).
2. Managers of the enterprise needs to provide training facilities to build the culturally
diversified activities that bring effective working practices and this helps to conduct the
positive working environment.
3. Employees of the enterprise should be legally responsible for act of discrimination and
needs to take continue steps to get overcome with it.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Christian, J., Porter, L.W. and Moffitt, G., 2016. Workplace diversity and group relations: An
overview. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. 9(4). pp.459-466.
Colquitt, J., Lepine, J.A. and Gellatly, I.R., 2017. Organizational behavior: Improving
performance and commitment in the workplace (Vol. 375). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
Irwin.
Greene, A. M., 2019. HRM, Equality and Diversity. The SAGE Handbook of Human Resource
Management. p.238.
Klarsfeld, A. and et.al., 2016. Comparative equality and diversity: main findings and research
gaps. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management. 23(3). pp.394-412.
Kumar, R., 2019. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage Publications
Limited.
Ledford, J.R. and Gast, D.L., 2018. Single case research methodology: Applications in special
education and behavioral sciences. Routledge.
Litosseliti, L. ed., 2018. Research methods in linguistics. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Mackey, A. and Gass, S. M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design.
Routledge.
Moore, S. and Tailby, S., 2015. The changing face of employment relations: equality and
diversity. Employee Relations. 37(6). pp.705-719.
Nachmias, S., Aravopoulou, E. and Caven, V., 2019. Diversity and Equality Issues in Modern
Organisations. In Inequality and Organizational Practice (pp. 17-43). Palgrave
Macmillan, Cham.
Nachmias, S., Ridgway, M. and Caven, V., 2019. The Legal Framework on Diversity and
Equality. In Inequality and Organizational Practice (pp. 15-36). Palgrave Macmillan,
Cham.
Patrick, H.A. and Kumar, V.R., 2015. Managing workplace diversity: Issues and
challenges. Sage Open. 2(2). p.2158244012444615.
Pitts, D.W., 2016. Modeling the impact of diversity management. Review of Public Personnel
Administration. 26(3). pp.245-268.
Quinlan, C. and et.al., 2019. Business research methods. South Western Cengage.
Rao, A., 2017. Managing diversity: Impact of religion in the Indian workplace. Journal of World
Business. 47(2). pp.232-239.
Silverman, D. ed., 2016. Qualitative research. Sage.
Thompson, N., 2016. Anti-discriminatory practice: Equality, diversity and social justice.
Macmillan International Higher Education.
Wiek, A. and Lang, D. J., 2016. Transformational sustainability research methodology. In
Sustainability science (pp. 31-41). Springer, Dordrecht.
Online
Why is diversity in the workplace important?. 2012. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.brighthr.com/articles/equality-and-discrimination/equality-and-diversity-in-
the-workplace>
1

APPENDIX
Questionnaire
1. Does diversity within the workplace improve the productivity level of enterprise.
 Yes
 No
 May be
2. Is creative of Tesco can be increased within diversified environments.
 Yes
 No
 May be
3. Do you think diverse team aids to earn more profitability than non diverse teams.
 Yes
 No
 May be
4. Does equality and diversity help to gain better financial results.
 Yes
 No
 May be
5. Is workplace discrimination leads to promote positive working environment.
 Yes
 No
 May be
6. What are the positive aspect of equality and diversity within workplace.
 Enhancement in opportunity
 Increase brand reputation
 Better financial results
 creative and innovative approach
7. Is promoting equality and diversity aids to attract and retain best quality employees within
enterprise.
 Yes
2

 No
 May be
3

4

5

6