THE FOUNDATION OF PSYCHOLOGY

Running head: FOUNDATION OF PSYCHOLOGY
FOUNDATION OF PSYCHOLOGY
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:

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FOUNDATION OF PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction:
Academic motivation is not a single concept rather it includes a range of diverse concepts
such as the ability of self-concepts, task standards, goals of achieving academic excellence, and
achievement motives (Krame & Kusurkar, 2017). Majority of existing studies that examined
diverse motivational constructs of academic achievement of the students and the findings
revealed that majority of motivational constructs predicted academic achievement beyond
intelligence and that students’ ability self-concepts, as well as task values, are more powerful
factors that assist in estimating their achievement compared to the goals and achievement
motives (Hagger and Chatzisarantis, 2016).. This essay aims to provide an in-depth discussion
regarding the theories that assist in the development of the motivation strategy, the mechanism
associated with the strategy, stimulating factors and barriers to stimulate the motivation learning
in the following paragraphs.
Discussion:
The theory that facilitates motivation strategy:
In the classroom setting, students are engaged to various meanings and attitudes
associated with academic activities. The personal meanings, as well as attitudes that direct their
energies in different ways, are considered as the motivation for engaging with the academic

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FOUNDATION OF PSYCHOLOGY
activities. While intrinsic motivation comes within the student from the factors inherent in the
task being performed, external motivation comes from the external source to the student. One of
the prominent instances of intrinsic motivation is when a student enjoys the reading which means
there is something about the reading that acts as a reward (Krame & Kusurkar, 2017). On the
other hand, one of the prominent instances of the extrinsic motivation is when a student is
provided a token of the economy of praise for involving in the academic activity (Sman & Ogbu,
2019). Therefore, the common practice of educators in this area is to encourage a student in
lifelong learning through intrinsic motivation or extrinsic factors so that can task goal can be
accomplished.
The operant conditioning can be the most suitable theory that can assists in developing
motivational strategies for the student. Goddard (2018), suggested that the operant condition
theory of B.F skinner has the ability to explain the real-life situation and explain the behaviors of
their children. From early life, parents usually nurture the behavior of their children using a
range of rewards which in later life shape the personal values and beliefs. Therefore, this theory
will be the most suitable foundation of developing a motivational strategy. Skinner suggested
that learning occurs through punishment and rewards for the behaviors. Through operant
conditioning, individuals a particular behavior and consequence of the particular behavior.
Blackman (2017), argued that while many psychologists provided a complex explanation of the
human mind and how the behavior of human being shaped, work of Skinner has rooted in a