Global Tourism Destinations

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GLOBAL TOURISM
DESTINATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
P1. Interpretation of Statistics to accurately present overview of nature and trends of tourism
................................................................................................................................................1
P2. Investigation of characteristics of key tourist generating and receiving areas globally...2
M1. Analysis of how scale and nature of tourism is influenced by emerging economies.....3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................4
P3. Determining specific reasons of growth of key global tourism generating and receiving
areas of the world...................................................................................................................4
P4. Comparison and contrasting differences between range of emerging global tourism
destinations.............................................................................................................................5
M2. Evaluation and Comparison of importance of different factors affecting and driving
tourism trends.........................................................................................................................7
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................7
P5. Investigation of roles and responsibilities of key international organisations in
development of global tourism...............................................................................................7
M3. Evaluation of Significance of Key Organisations in the Growth and Development of
Global Tourism.......................................................................................................................8
LO 4.................................................................................................................................................8
P6. Reviewing Significance of various threats, issues and challenges to future development of
global tourism.........................................................................................................................8
M4. Analysis of implications of significant threats, issues and challenges to global tourism10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Tourism refers to travelling for the perspective of either leisure or business. It undertakes a
variety of activities which provides a person with psychological satisfaction and recreation of the
mindset. Moreover, it includes aspects like accommodation, travelling, sightseeing, indulging
into different cultural activities and so forth. For businesses tourism is associated with attracting,
accommodating, as well as entertaining the individuals in the best manner possible (Mathew and
Sreejesh, 2017). On the other hand, Global Tourism Destinations currently are holding massive
importance, due to latest social trends highlighting the importance of travelling and recreational
prospects.
Hence, in this condition, the report below is based on United Kingdom as a global tourism
destination, especially London and it undertakes examination of the scale and nature of global
tourism. Along with this, the report also involves assessment of growth and characteristics of key
emerging markets and destination regions. Moreover, exploration of the roles of key
organisations in the development of global tourism has also been emphasised upon the
assignment. In addition, the report addresses appraisal of threats, issues and challenges to future
development of global tourism.
LO 1
P1. Interpretation of Statistics to accurately present overview of nature and trends of tourism
It is very important to determine the nature and trends that are currently prevailing within
the tourism sector, which would also allow in identifying the rate with this the overall sector has
been evolving lately. Moreover, this would also be beneficial to map the changes that the
industry has been facing on a wider global perspective. The reason for determining and
interpreting the statistics is to determine the changing nature, as well as the trends which are
currently shaping the sector and that would continue to do so in the coming future.
Hence, in regards to this, below are various trends and the relevant statistics associated
with the same: Solo Travelling:
One of the key trends which is currently prevalent within the industry is solo travelling.
People prefer to go individually and alone to different parts of the world and explore various
destinations themselves. This trend is currently on a rise and millennials, as well as people from
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older generations are very much inclined towards being explorer and taking solo trips to various
destinations. There are various statistics which could determine the enhancement of this trend
lately. For instance, according to various sources, such as Klook, solo travelling has been the #1
trend in the 2019. On the other hand, there has been a 131% increase within the searches within
engines like Google in context of Solo Travelling between the years 2016-19 (TOP SOLO
TRAVEL STATISTICS, 2020). Therefore, this showcases the nature of tourism as well, which is
highly inclined towards personal recreation and effective exploration of different destinations
which does not even require multiple individuals as per the trend.
 Ecotourism:
Another very popular trend within the global ends is related to Ecotourism, which refers to
the practice of taking a holiday in pristine, fragile and undisturbed areas within the world to
explore their natural beauty. However, the agenda of the same is to explore the nature without
causing any sort of harm to the natural habitats and forestation. Quite recently, this has become a
major trend especially for the younger generation as with major global disasters that are leading
towards destruction of forests and natural lands like the ones seen in Africa, the individuals are
very much concerned lately towards protection of environment. Along with this, people are
actually going to farther ends towards supporting environment conservation.
In relation to the statistics that represents its popularity as a key trend, almost 41% of the
individuals involved in various surveys have recently claimed that they have a lot of interest
towards booking eco-tourism holiday packages (Global Eco-tourism takes off with 35% of
holiday makers now likely to book an eco-holiday, 2020). Hence, this global data again
showcases a prominent nature of tourism that is related to a major shift toward environmental
protection and exploration of the untapped areas of the world to visit and experience natural
beauty and calm surroundings which is different from what individuals experience in cities, i.e.,
diversity in experience.
Key tourism generating and receiving countries
The top most tourist destination and courtiers of the world on the basis of their annual
revenue generation and total number of visitors are provided below along with the help of
following graph and their interpretation:
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Figure 1:Top destination of world, 2016
Interpretation
On the basis of above table it has been find out that torsion sector is growing with a rapid
speed. In 2016, France is the most visited place with 83.7 million visitors but still it is at 4th
position in terms of earned revenue as provides tourism services at low rates(International
Tourism Results, 2019). Further, USA is having a nearly 74.8 million visitors and also earn good
amount of revenue. China and Spain are also at good position in terms of global tourism. Beside
this, UK and Russia are also top destination with 32 and 29 million visitors annually along with $
44 and 35 billion revenue in 2016.
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Interpretation:
The above graph is reflecting that France is at top with regard to tourism arrival with 87
million tourist visited in 2017 and it accounts for 5 % higher that number of tourist last year
which is reflecting fact growth of tourism sector (International Tourism Results, 2019). Further,
Spain is at second place with around 82 million tourist and 76 million visitors were there in UK
in 2017 which is at third position. At last, China and Italy are also among top tourist arrivals in
2017 with around 61 million and 58 million tourist.
P2. Investigation of characteristics of key tourist generating and receiving areas globally
In relation to tourism, there are various geographical locations and destinations globally
which are responsible towards generation and receiving of tourism. It is imperative that their
characteristics are very well investigated so that appropriate segregation within these global
destinations could be accomplished. Some of the key tourism destinations around the world are
United Kingdom, United States, Italy, Mexico and Spain, where there are millions of customers
annually that contribute towards boosting their global preference, as well as their revenue
streams (Coca-Stefaniak and Morrison, 2018). Hence, below are various characteristics of the
areas that are responsible for generating and receiving tourism:
 Popularity and Attractiveness:
One of the major characteristics of the various destinations in relation to generating and
receiving tourism is related to their popularity and pointers of attractiveness. Some global
destinations have various elements that make them highly popular amongst the masses. One such
example is London, which is a highly popular tourist destination due to its locations and points
of attraction like the Buckingham Palace, Big Ben and Trafalgar Square. On the other hand,
another destination is Paris, which is highly popular amongst millennials and couples due to
Eiffel Tower, which allows places like this to generate and receive tourism consistently through
the years. Natural Attributes:
There are various destinations that possess the characteristics of possessing beautiful natural
attributes. Some of the most prominent example in relation is the United States, which possess
places such as the Grand Canyon. Another example which possesses the characteristic is
Scotland, which is a country in the United Kingdom and possesses the Isle of Skye, which is yet
another appealing factor for the individuals to take a trip to these locations.
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 Infrastructural Development:
This characteristic is perhaps one of the most important and imperative element towards
generating and receiving tourism. The reason for this is because individuals tend to take a trip
towards various destinations that are highly rich and convenient towards providing them with
technologically advanced and contemporary services. Places like Italy and Japan are very much
famous for their tourism infrastructure as there are various facilities related to airports, roads,
railways, electricity, water supply and so forth which are very much flawless and attracts
individuals globally towards visiting these destinations.
M1. Analysis of how scale and nature of tourism is influenced by emerging economies
The scale, as well as nature of tourism is very much influenced by the emerging economies
and have experienced a vast growth and modifications within the same (Cornelissen, 2017). This
is because with major developments within various economies, the infrastructure, scope and
effectiveness of tourism has also seen a direct and effective growth. For instance, countries
within the Middle East, as well as nations such as India have emerged as very strong economies
in the past decade which has also seen a major growth within their tourism facilities as well.
Moreover, this could also be evaluated through the fact that various hotels such as Marriott and
Hilton have expanded their markets in several prominent cities within India, which is a major
influence upon the scale, as well as nature of tourism. For example, while India has always been
known mostly for spiritual tourism, having such leading hotels operating in the cities has also led
individuals to visit the country to be familiar with different cultures, which is a major influence
on the nature of tourism. On the other hand, individuals are visiting the untapped areas in the
country such as various cities and hill stations in the north due to such emergence of the
economy of the country, which yet again showcases the impact of the same towards the scale of
tourism which has expanded in the nation.
LO 2
P3. Determining specific reasons of growth of key global tourism generating and receiving areas
of the world
The current global scenario in relation to tourism is highly imperative to be understood, as
tourism has emerged as a significant and key trend of a very huge portion of population around
the globe (Lenzen and et. al., 2018). Along with this, there are various global destinations around
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the world that have transformed into prominent tourism receiving and generating areas.
Therefore, it is highly imperative that specific reasons in relation to growth of these areas within
the world is found out and analysed in an effective manner as they have been quite prominent
over causing upliftment within several national economies worldwide. Therefore, in regards to
this, some of these reasons are analysed as under:
 Cultural Integration:
One of the most imperative and effective factors in recent times that have influenced the
travel and tourism in today’s world is the cultural integration. With digitalisation and social
connections, individuals all over the world could inspect various cultural practices around the
world on their mobile phones or computers easily, which develops the zeal within them towards
appropriately experiencing the same (Brondoni, 2016). Therefore, this turns cultural integration
as a specific reason towards growth of countries such as India and China. The reason for the
same is that while the former is rich in diverse culture having vast range of practices and
languages, which is an appeal globally; the latter is rich in its own culture and it promotes the
same with highly effective practices and preaching through its people. Therefore, this leads these
locations towards growth within tourism activities.
 Price:
This has always been one of the major motivators for individuals to travel to a certain
destination. One such location is Vietnam, which is yet again an untapped location that is rich in
biodiversity and natural beauty. However, the specific reason why people from all over the world
have been determined recently towards exploring this place is that it is very light on their pocket.
Another destination of this sort is Bhutan, which is the happiest nation globally. While having all
the attributes towards being an effective tourist spot, the place also is very convenient and
affordable to visit.
 Natural aura of places with their culture
The another factor that leads in growth of key global tourism comprises of their natural
beauty and places with more culture influence which attract and cater attraction of larger number
of tourist. Thus, natural beauty and attractive cultural aspects are also the factors that leads to
enhanced tourism and generate more revenue. For instance: tourist and customers likes to visit at
place which are rich in natural beauty like main destination of Italy which are famous for its
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natural aura are Positano, Venice etc. to get mental peace and calmness along with pleasurable
experience.
P4. Comparison and contrasting differences between range of emerging global tourism
destinations
While the current tourism landscape requires individuals to explore various destinations for
diverse experiences, it is also quite recommended that a sense of comparison is made amongst
various destinations within the world based on several attributes to determine the exclusiveness
and effectiveness of these destinations towards the purpose of tourism.
Hence, the comparison below is based on Destination Life Cycle, which refers to the
developments within a specific destination, along with the successive stages which these places
go through with time (Smith and Ong, 2015). Therefore, the differentiation of several
destinations is explored below:
BASIS Vietnam United Kingdom
Stages of Destination Life
Cycle
However tourism started way
back in 1976, still its
infrastructure was quite poor
up until 2010. However, still
there are improvements being
made and hence, the recent
numbers of the location are
highly impressive which led
the nation to welcome more
than 18 million individuals
from across the world, with a
growth rate of around 16.2%.
(Vietnam achieves stellar
tourism growth, 2020). Hence,
it could be said that it is within
its Development Phase.
United Kingdom has been
considered as one of the
topmost destinations when it
comes to tourism, as the
country has various
destinations that have been
tourist destinations since
decades, such as London,
Amsterdam, Switzerland and
so forth. So much so, that the
final quarter of 2019
showcased around 40.9
million visitors from all over
the world which is resulting in
7% growth (Inbound visitor
statistics for Q4 2019 and
2019, 2019). Hence, the
destination currently is
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associated at the rejuvenating
phase as there are continuous
developments within the
infrastructure and technology
to build better capacity for
future.
Factors Driving Growth
The factors driving growth
includes its rich heritage,
natural and untapped beauty,
inherited lifestyle from the
period of French Colonialism.
One of the best scenic
experiences in the world,
vibrant culture supporting Art
and Museums, Fascinating and
Extensive history.
Strategies Employed
The strategy which is
employed by this destination
is promoting its natural
beauty, along with a localised
experience of their culture.
Along with this, it also adopts
a low cost framework towards
attracting more visitors.
The strategies adopted by the
UK for tourism is related to
providing individuals with
diverse offerings and mixed
holiday packages for different
occasions and company.
Along with this, it focuses on
high end distribution of the
destination by travel trade.
M2. Evaluation and Comparison of importance of different factors affecting and driving tourism
trends
There were several factors presented above that are important towards driving various
statistical trends within both these destinations and hence, they are required to be very much
compared and contrasted to evaluate this importance (Glaesser and et. al., 2017).
For instance, one factor responsible towards driving tourism in Vietnam was its untapped
natural beauty, which holds significance importance due to being in a beginning phase of the
discovery, which is one of the biggest factors towards attracting the individuals towards the
destination. On the other hand, compared to the above factor, the culture of United Kingdom and
the heritage is a factor which is a contributor towards attraction of tourists. Its importance could
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be very well be witnessed through the fact that its heritage holds significant value towards
shaping the country and others, which makes it a viable tourist spot. Thus, on the basis of above
discussion regarding the various stages of destination life cycle an analysis can be made that a
destination phases various revenue amount and circumstance during theses stages. Further, it has
been also evaluated that Cultural Integration and tourism Price are the important factors which
affecting the growth and development of global tourism as a well integrated and cultural
representation along with affordable pricing strategy would attract and cater larger number of
customers.
LO 3
P5. Investigation of roles and responsibilities of key international organisations in development
of global tourism
In a tourism sector, international organizations play essentials roles and fulfil their
responsibilities to get the growth in the global tourism sector. There are some roles &
responsibilities of key international organizations which are followed by the “The Travel
Corporation” and it is discussed below:
 Improve growth in tourism sector: One of the major roles of international organizations is
to increase the growth through reducing barriers among the countries (Bruwer and Joy,
2017). It will affect the tourism sector due to restrict their reach and unable to serve
customers. There are several international organizations such as WTO, UN, IATA etc, all
are set some guidelines, standards and made barriers which every travel organization need to
follow such as The Travel Corporation. This tourism company already operated in 70
countries and have 40 offices around the world. Above discussed international organizations
understand the need of customers regarding travelling, accommodation and transpiration and
these will impact the growth of global tourism as well as development.
 Capturing wider tourist: Above discussed international organization formulate the strategies
regarding tourism through evaluating the need of customers. After that, they introduce
attractive or special packages which include the best services which client wants. Basically,
marketing It is one the essential role which played by the tourism company such as The
Travel Corporation, under this organization there are several tour operators included who
attract the tourist from several locations as per their needs. In addition, one of the best ways
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to attract maximum audience for travel is to know your audience and then design their tour
packages accordingly.
 Better safety provisions: The another crucial role played by international organisation
comprises of leading more safety for tourist by the way of forming various security and
safety provision for benefit of travellers. The UNWTO which is taken as largest organisation
of united nation s continuously working to prove growth and development of global tourism
by the way of leading more safe and better tourism destination along with generating better
revenue and employment opportunity
Above discussed roles and responsibilities are played by key international organizations and
they have to make sure that, travel agencies design tour packages as per the market trends,
requirement of nature and on the basis of services which target audiences wants. It will provide
growth and development in the tourism sector.
M3. Evaluation of Significance of Key Organisations in the Growth and Development of Global
Tourism
The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is a key international organization of the United
Nations, which is responsible for promoting accountable, feasible and widely accessible tourist
industry. It is the world's leading tourism association that supports tourism as an engine of
economic growth, sustainable development and environmental protection. It offers guidance and
assistance to the industry in promoting global awareness and tourism regulations. It serves as a
significant forum for issues relating to responsible tourism and a useful source of knowledge
about tourism (Chigora, 2016). This promotes the adoption of the Global Code of Ethics for
Tours to optimize tourism’s contribution to socio-economic growth while mitigating its future
adverse effects and is focused on developing tourism as a tool for achieving the Sustainable
Development Goals of the United Nations (SDGs), aimed at eradicating poverty and enhancing
environmental sustainability and security. Every travel and tourism sector organization should
follow the guidelines and regulation of World Tourism Organization (WTO) because it further
helps the economy to growth and developed the global tourism sector. Thus, it can be evaluated
that the various like UNWTO, SDG and WTO plays a vital role in growth and development of
global tourism sector through a risk free and well integrated tourist destination and various set
guidelines and standards are lead by these orgnisation to ensure betterment and enhanced growth
of global tourism.
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LO 4
P6. Reviewing Significance of various threats, issues and challenges to future development of
global tourism
With globalisation on the rise, there are a number of threats, issues and challenges which
hold the potential towards creating roadblocks towards future development of global tourism and
hence are very much significant to be evaluated (Pulido-Fernández and Rodríguez-Díaz, 2016).
There are several reasons such as enhancement of terrorism, global pandemics and climatic
conditions prevailing within the world that could possesses severe challenges to tourism in
future. Therefore, some of these key elements are evaluated below: Tourist Security:
One of the most crucial challenges in relation to future development of tourism is the
security of patrons. The reason for this is because there has been a significant rise in terrorism
and theft rates in various countries. For instance, in Vietnam, there is still a very big threat of
tourist security which somehow is making the whole tourism infrastructure handicapped.
Moreover, the rate of terrorism has also gone up in several Middle East countries, which has its
impacts on the tourism attraction as well. Hence, this highlights the significance of this threat
which needs governments and organisations to work towards development of a secure and safer
infrastructure in future (Veiga and et. al., 2017).
 Climatic Conditions:
Another major issue in relation to development of global issues in relation to the future
development of global tourism is the climate change. This is by far one of the biggest problems
that various countries around the world have been a victim of and it seems to be increasing with
time. As a case of Africa, there have been a serious of disasters and natural calamities which are
restricting individuals now to visit the same as a tourist spot. Therefore, the future development
of tourism must contribute towards solving this problem or else the global landscape of tourism
might see a rapid downfall (Wu, 2016).
 Global Pandemics:
The whole world currently is suffering due to a global pandemic known as Covid-19. It is a
contagious virus which is leading to thousands of deaths each day globally. Hence, this presents
a very big challenge towards international economies in developing their tourist activities in
future as it might be very risky for the tourists, as well as the civilians of the destinations as the
11

virus spreads through physical contact and is very lethal towards life of individuals. Therefore, it
becomes very significant for the global tourism sector to plan and completely transform tourism
activities in order to overcome this situation.
M4. Analysis of implications of significant threats, issues and challenges to global tourism
There are a number of implications in relation to the threats, issues and challenges
mentioned above. For example, with rise in terrorism, individuals in future might not opt for
places in the Middle East or Vietnam with the threat of physical safety, which is a very important
factor towards driving or restricting tourism. Moreover, in relation to climate change, its
implication towards future tourism is that it might restrict a variety of activities in several
countries over the threat of global warming and the calamities that follow. Moreover, with
Covid-19, the whole landscape of tourism as is known to people globally might change. With
elements like social distancing recommended as a global strategy, it might cause a major loss
towards tourism for a couple of years (Morrison, 2018).
CONCLUSION
Thus, it is concluded from the report above that it is very important to analyse global
tourism destinations to ensure effective insight in relation to different tourism destinations and
activities taking place globally. It is imperative that interpretation of statistics is performed to
ensure that the nature and trends prevailing within tourism are showcased in an accurate manner.
Moreover, investigation of characteristics of global tourist generating and receiving tourist
activities is also very important to be performed to identify the nature and attribute of these
destinations. In addition to this, determination of specific reasons of growth of key global
tourism generating and receiving areas of the world has allowed in identifying the major causes
of attraction of millions of tourist in specific locations of the world. In addition to this, it is
important to compare and contrast differences between range of emerging global tourism
destinations so that they could be segregated on the basis of several indicators and pointers of
differentiation related to tourist attraction. Furthermore, it is important that the roles and
responsibilities of key international organisations in development of global tourism are
investigated to reveal their contribution of enhancement of this industry in terms of size and
scope. Lastly, significances of several threats, issues and challenges to future development of
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global tourism is concerned in order to overcome the same and ensure development of better
facilities for this industry in future.
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Pulido-Fernández, J.I. and Rodríguez-Díaz, B., 2016. Reinterpreting the World Economic
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Glaesser, D., and et. al., 2017. Global travel patterns: an overview. Journal of travel
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