Healthcare Integration: Medicare, Medicaid, & Social Care

This assignment delves into the integration of health and social care services, focusing on Medicare and Medicaid in the U.S. It requires a critical analysis of relevant literature, including texts by Aveyard (2014), Cameron et al. (2014), Makai et al. (2014), Scott et al. (2017), and Valentine et al. (2015). Additionally, it explores health regulations and organizational charts, drawing from online resources such as Worksmart.org.uk and Sheilds.org.

Health and safety in health and
social care

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Q 1. Systems, policies and procedures used to communicate and maintain health and safety at
workplace in accordance with legislative requirements.........................................................1
Q.2 Assessment of the responsibilities in health and social care workplace for management of
health......................................................................................................................................2
Q.3 Own contributions as a health care worker to promote health and safety to service users
and colleagues........................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
Q.4 Health and safety priorities that are important in the care home.....................................5
Q.5 Analysis of the effects of non- compliance with health and safety legislations in health
and social care workplace.......................................................................................................6
Q. 6 Impact of health and safety policy that should be used in respite care and analyse how
they are monitored and reviewed...........................................................................................7
Q.7 Information from risk assessment that are used in identifying service user's needs and
organisational decision making..............................................................................................8
M 1. Impact and safety legislations, policies and practices in health and social care............9
M 2. Use of range of sources of information and techniques applied in implementation of
systems and policies.............................................................................................................10
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
Q.8 Dilemma in line with implementing systems and policies for health and safety issues as
per the case study..................................................................................................................10
Q. 9 Example of two health and safety policies and their effectiveness in promoting positive
and healthy practice..............................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
The main aim of present report is to provide a deep understanding regarding to health
and safety at health and social care workplaces as well as people living in it. This is essential to
have an environment of security and safety on the workplace where care givers give their
services (Alley and et. al. 2016). By being a service provider, he or she should have an
awareness of various regulations and legislations like health and safety at work acts, the
associated codes of practices, acts related to food purity which are relevant to particular health
care settings. This assignment will cover all the above discussed concerns.
TASK 1
Q 1. Systems, policies and procedures used to communicate and maintain health and safety at
workplace in accordance with legislative requirements
There are numerous legislations and policies for health and security at workplace which
are given as follows:
Health and safety at work act, 1974
It has been passed by the UK government and is legal legislation. According to this act,
all the workers who are working to give care and support to others have right to be safe and
secured at their workplace. All employers are needed to take care of staff members that are doing
their job in coal mines, areas on heights, fields that are surrounded by radiations and also with
harmful chemicals. The higher authorities are required to follow all the norms of this legislation.
In respect to implement this act, proper training program has been conducted for employees in
which understanding will be develop in systematic manner. Training is the best way to
implement the effective program at workplace of Care UK.
Employment medical advisory and service act, 1972
The employees of health and social care units have rights to be examined medically and
get all the facilities regarding personal safety and care. Care UK is a healthcare centre providing
the best care and support to its users, Women and young people can get this facility throughout
their period of job (What Are The Main Health And Safety Regulations. 2017). If a care worker
gets injured at workplace, he has to give all the medical treatments required. This act has been
implemented at workplace through considered induction program in the business. Hence,
advisory aspects considered in the business.
Management of health and safety at work act, 1992
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According to this law, all the employers are need to take assessments of all risk factors
and also the significant findings. This act had come as a result of 1974 act. The following
regulation is for the owners of health care centres in which they need to take care of all safety
and security measures of staff members. Further, to ensure workers safety, employers also need
to set emergency procedures that provide clear knowledge and training to workers of that care
centre. Through asking questions, this act has been considered in the enterprise to develop
creativity at workplace. It is the best way to assess knowledge and understanding in Care UK.
Health and safety regulation 1981
According to this legislation, top professionals need to make sure the availability of
equipments of first aid and also there have always been presence of first aiders on workplace.
Further, staff members should also be aware of these arrangements of first aid.
Q.2 Assessment of the responsibilities in health and social care workplace for management of
health
UK government have rights to plan the health and safety in healthcare homes like Care
UK. Also, there are several non government institutions which protects the rights of employees
at workplace (Aveyard, 2014). In such system, distribution of responsibilities takes place from
local authorities to health department. There are also numerous service users and givers, groups
of clinical commissioning, monitoring system etc. which are included in healthcare centres. This
is a system that is integrated and various organisational authorities have several roles and
responsibilities related to safety and security at healthcare units such as Care UK. In this care
home, certain roles of managers are there to give assurance of safety at each level of workers.
Management in Care UK includes:
Systematic utilisation of techniques which is very important to determine and remove hazards
related to health and social care workplaces. It is essential for management to have knowledge
about how to use techniques safely so that lower staff and service takers can be saved from any
hazards. Other major responsibility of managers is they should have the skill to control every
possible risk at place of work. It is important to control risk while using various techniques to
encourage and influence the behaviour of workers. Furthermore, there are many responsibilities
of care workers too in a health care unit. Employees who are working in healthcare homes like
Care UK are need to cooperate with each other on workplace. It will be helpful to provide the
best care to patients who are using their services. In addition, they also have to ensure to restrict
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misuse of hospital equipments (Barrington, 2017). There is another duty of management to give
proper training to its staff members for safe utilisation of techniques and equipments. Care
providers also need to have an awareness to be distant from practices, in which they are not
trained.
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Organisational chart
Employee one Employee two
For patients
For workplace

Q.3 Own contributions as a health care worker to promote health and safety to service users and
colleagues
At the time measuring and analysing the health and safety of service users. It is
considered as essential to provide recognition to all the requirement of users. These requirements
of users can be rational, social, safety, emotional and physical. In present case-study, Mrs Sam
desires to go individually for buying a newspaper at the nearby shop. But he is a patient of
Severe Apraxia. According to the mental capacity act 2005. He has considered as patient of
Mania. Desire which is communicated by Mr Sam is considered as emotional and intellectual
needs which is its direct connection with his improvement. Further, major issue behind the
situation is that he is not having an appropriate road awareness. In order to address sort of
problems, it is essential for service providers to follow the rules and legislations. Further, it is
also analyzed that the policies as well as procedures are developed by NHS to handle these
dilemmas. As per executive of service provider, health and safety act provides them directions to
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fulfill the requirements of employees (Baum, 201). First, the executives needs to assess the risk
behind letting the user out of his home for getting newspaper. Then some precaution measures
needs to be taken by executives like arrangements of guide for Mr. Sam and providing
awareness to Mr. Sam about road safety and directions. Thus, it can be said that these measure
will help in resolution of this dilemma.
My contribution in Care home
In respect to contribute my own part in the care home, I considered arrangements for
patients. As per their requirement all products and services are provided to them to attain
creative aspect at workplace. In this way, mainly development considered get responses to serve
in systematic manner. However, there are some disadvantages also exist in which I face issue of
health and safety which impact negatively on the enterprise.
TASK 2
Q.4 Health and safety priorities that are important in the care home
There are many safety priorities that are to be implemented in well manner to take care of
workers as well as care users. It includes the hygiene maintenance of patients and also staff
should be hygienic as well. They have to treat and attend service takers and thus they are needed
to have neat and clean hands all the time. Furthermore, the staff should also wear gloves every
time when treating patients (Cameron and et. al. 2014). Workplace should be clean and safe for
both employees and patients. In this particular case, Mr. John who has been appointed as a
manager of respite care home in Newham London. Now, he has to follow all the security
measures and safety priorities to pass Health and Safety Executive(HSE) and care quality
commission's (CQC) requirements.
In order to do so, he has to first remove all the uncleanliness and dirt from care centre.
Because, this healthcare centre has been paid an amount of $30000 as a fine and also it gave
$15200 to its worker who had slipped broke his hip at care home. Further, it had been reported
by staff that workplace is not clean enough for workers but the care home ignored it. Also, there
was an issue of house keeping and food safety as different safety items like toilet papers and
others kept in the same room where food was used to keep. It was a dirty store room. It resulted
in food contamination. The priorities on which Mr. John has to take care are maintaining healthy
and cleanliness at workplace. If it was maintained, the care worker might not had been fallen
badly and broke his hip. Furthermore, there should be separate rooms in care home for food and
5

other items. Those rooms also have to be cleaned on a regular basis so that different security
items cannot be fail and food will be unspoiled. Mr. John need to take care of all these safety
priorities to pass the test of stairs, electric wires and cables, store room cleanliness etc. if these
steps will be taken in care home then hazards will be less likely to happen (Carayon, 2016).
Also, the safety and care of workers and service users can be maintained properly.
In the present case study, there are several hazards exist that take place at home with Mr
John. For example, fell due to which his hip broke down. In addition to this, in the case it has
been seen that tripping hazards also undertaken such as electrical cable trailing across the step
which impact on the storeroom. In respect to remove, it is important to considered safety aids
such as wheelchair, hoist, security system, etc.
Q.5 Analysis of the effects of non- compliance with health and safety legislations in health and
social care workplace
There are many impacts that can be occur when non-compliance happens on the
workplace from safety regulations and laws. It usually put negative effects on healthcare units
and its workers as well as patients which has already been seen in Mr. John's case-study. These
are described as follows:
Clarity issues: According to this particular case, there could be an occurrence of
miscommunication and clarity problems if not complied with legislations and rules of health and
safety (Carpenter and et. al. 2017). In this case, if there would always be a worker for safety and
security of all the care unit, the incident would not have been happened to care provider.
Coordination: The cleanliness of care homes is essential to give healthy environment to patients
and service givers also. If all the regulations and legislations had been communicated before,
then care home where Mr. John had appointed would not have to pay huge fine and
compensatory amount to worker. So it is important to follow all legislations regarding to care
centre so that staff already know all safety measures and coordinate with each other.
Productivity: When rules and laws are not followed in well manner, there can be an occurrence
of less productivity. It means workers will less likely to treat service takers efficiently. It is
because, cleanliness of workplace and food will not be followed and thus the staff and patients
will eventually get various illness generated by food contamination and dirt in store rooms as per
the case. Because, the HSC and CQC department have found this care home to be ignoring
health and safety at their workplace.
6

Further, the license can also be cancelled of such hospitals and care homes in which safety
measures and healthcare are not being followed as per the norms and legislations applied by UK
government (Drummond and et. al. 2015). In other words, staff and care users can go through
various sufferings while there is a non compliance with health and safety regulations.
Financial: In respect to implement the non-compliance with health and safety, it is important to
considered financial elements which assists to make high growth in systematic work
performances.
Legal: Further, legal consideration also need to be placed that helps to considered effective
advantages with effective perspective at workplace.
Moral: In the care home, morality work essentially adopted that assists to make proper
functioning at workplace safety.
Physical: In order to make proper solution, it is important to work on the physical aspect which
assists to make sure effectiveness increasing in systematic manner.
Health: Health perspective also measures in special context which helps to understand
requirement of customers to perform several activities.
Q. 6 Impact of health and safety policy that should be used in respite care and analyse how they
are monitored and reviewed
There are various health and safety policies that can be implemented at care homes like
in this case. By being manager, Mr. John should take care of applying these rules in hospital for
security of carers and patients as well. For instance The Health and Safety act, 1974 can be
applied for this case. It will positively impact care givers and users. This legislation ensures
safeguarding of workers and service users at workplace. If this law was implemented properly
then the incident that happened to a service provider would not took place. There are basically
two ways to monitor this process that are:
Proactive monitoring: It means owners should take action before any incident takes place. In
this two forms are there, one is checking the implemented standards. Other is detailed safety
audit.
Reactive monitoring: In this procedure, the examination of incidents take place after their
occurrence. It can be called as learning from past mistakes.
The review process is needed to be done regularly that includes checklist of different
processes and activities in hospital premises. It should be done in a time table. All the above
7

procedures need to be taken care of all care homes. In this particular case the manager Mr. John
has to implement all health and safety policies to make sure such incidents could happen in the
future. Furthermore, the care home need to be inspected on a regular basis so that patients and
care workers feel secured and safe at workplace.
Confidentiality-
This is one of the policy of health and social care which is related to keep all data and
information which is that of patient their physical conditions or medical history. It the duty of
manager of health and social care that they are keeping all these informations secret and not
sharing it with anyone. Under the compliance matter this is very highly sensitive part which is
leading to risk of loss of information or leakage of data related to patient.
Monitoring and reviewing of data-
The lawful prerequisite for completing Risk Assessments has a change program
incorporated with it. The Safety Statement, which must incorporate the working environment
particular Risk Assessments, is the place the well being and association design ought to be spelt
out. The fruitful usage of the organizations' Safety Statement will guarantee the health and
soundness of its representatives and other people who might be influenced by its work exercises.
To legitimately execute the Safety Statement your endeavour must set up an observing
framework which suits its needs and takes care of business in a proficient way. This framework
must guarantee that everybody in the work environment recognizes what is anticipated from
them. It should set the standard procedures which all must take after to agree to their lawful
obligations. Best endeavours now need to do substantially more than the base and endeavour to
have well-being and health rules which guarantee they have no mishaps and keep on improving.
This approach guarantees they are, and will keep on being, a business achievement.
Q.7 Information from risk assessment that are used in identifying service user's needs and
organisational decision making
The policies and systems are made so that rules and instructions can be maintained at
workplace and all can be maintained regularly (Makai and et. al. 2014). As per case study, it was
seen the failure of maintenance of cleanliness of workplace of respite care home situated in
Newham. Mr. John had the responsibility to complete all requirements of health and safety
commission (HSC) and care quality commission (CQC). A care worker had injured badly due to
8

the carelessness of hospital management. Even its staff members had also complaint about dirty
store rooms and floors. The HSC had also seen trailed cable and spoilage of food items in store
rooms where other stuff had also been put. So there is a strong need to assessment of risk,
monitoring and controlling process so that workplace can always be risk free and safe from
hazards.
As per given case, incidents can also happen in future with other staff members and care
users. To prevent from this, Mr. John who is the manager of care home should take initiatives
and assess risks associated with the carelessness of management. This can impact patient's health
too as there are dirty store rooms, slippery floors and trailed wire cables had been seen in care
unit. The unhygienic food items can make people ill who are in care centre. Also, the unclean
equipments and machines in care homes can affect the health of patients as well as carers. So in
order to maintain health and safety at workplace there should be a risk assessment that has to be
conducted on a regular basis in hospitals.
Care planning: meeting needs-
This the facility which is enabling meeting up of families and care takers of patient which
would be including many parts like that of activities related, history of patients, progress,
personal schedule etc., Family member thus could also talk about issues which is related to
patients and asking relevant questions about them to care taker or nurse or who so ever is
concerned.
What are
the risks?
Who can
be
harmed?
What is
currently
happening?
Does
anything
required for
managing
risks?
Correcti
ve
actions
and
whom
will take
it?
When actions
should be
taken?
Time
period
require
d?
Harmful
activities
It is deal
by the care
workers of
They are
currently
developing
Proper
training and
development
Managem
ent must
need to
Appropriate
training need to
provide for
Around
30 to 40
9

the
enterprise.
techniques
through
proper
awareness
could be
create to
lead with
harmful
activities.
program
need to
provide to
increase
efficiency
deal with
systemati
c work
performa
nce in the
environm
ent.
proper caring days
Maintain
hygiene
elements
Care
workers
In respect to
create safe
working
environment
, proper
safety
maintained
through
hygienic
elements in
it
Better
improvemen
t required to
enhance
employee
engagement
All
members
need to
take part
to
increase
systemati
c work
performa
nce
Predetermined
planned
activities needed
to performance
several
operations.
Almost
6 to 8
months
M 1. Impact and safety legislations, policies and practices in health and social care.
Provisions of health and safety act 1974 has been developed to ensure that every person
or user in the health care service organization will get proper and safe environment which help in
improving their conditions (Scott and et. al. 2017). Management of H&S at work provisions
1999 needs the employers and the managers of organization to carry out analysis of risk in order
to eliminate the risk. Mimi-mum handling regulation requires the organization minimize the risk
associated with the movement and handling of activities.
10

M 2. Use of range of sources of information and techniques applied in implementation of
systems and policies.
There are some important techniques have been applied by the organization to
implementation the successful health and safety management system. For implementation,
organization needs to develop capabilities and also develop an effective support mechanism
which is considered as necessary to deal with the achieve health ans safety policy. They should
underpinned through involvement of staff and also promote participation of employees through
effective consultation. Further, it can be sustained by effective communication.
TASK 3
Q.8 Dilemma in line with implementing systems and policies for health and safety issues as per
the case study
UK government has made different rules and policies to give safety and security to not
only care users but also carers. These regulations were made to make positive impacts but there
are also some negative effects of these in context of implementing (Baum, 2016). Meaning of
dilemma is that to find difficulty to choose a situation between two choices. As per the given
case, Mr. Sam is diagnosed with apraxia in which patient find himself unable to perform certain
tasks. It is actually a Neurological problem. By being a domiciliary carer, he should take care of
Mr. Sam while accomplishing tasks as per the regulations of government and at the same time he
need to consider his independence as well. It is the responsibility of care giver to safeguard care
user every time. The patient had wished to take newspaper from a local paper shop but by
knowing his past incidents it is difficult to choose whether the care giver should allow Mr. Sam
to do same or not. This can be called a condition of dilemma where domiciliary service provider
need to take decisions so that it cannot break rules and the wish of patient can also be fulfilled.
According to government rules, a care user has rights to complete his work independently but
without harm himself or other person. In this case, it cannot be said whether Mr. Sam will
accomplish his work efficiently because last time he wished same and by being unaware of road
rules, he had been hit by a car and hospitalised for 6 months. So it is dangerous to do the same
again. This was the situation of dilemma. Due to have severe apraxia, the patient can be
aggressive if he has not allowed to go on paper shop (Stewart and Wild, 2017). Further, if he
11

does, there is strong chance to meet any accident. These situations can occur while implementing
health and safety policies.
At the point when mind specialists satisfy their obligations and duties in regular day to
day existence then they will undoubtedly experience certain predicaments and these are recorded
as under: The utilization of particular hardware and devices might be characterized under
specific cases yet the patient isn't reacting to it so whether they ought to be put in those
conditions. To apply similar principles and controls under every one of the conditions or there
can be special cases which must be dealt with in an unexpected way. Regardless of whether the
patients could be given sure substitutes in the event that the first solution endorsed by the
specialists and experts are not accessible. To apply certain expert and business enterprise in
specific circumstances on the off chance that there is absence of prepared and authorities
specialists accessible.
Q. 9 Example of two health and safety policies and their effectiveness in promoting positive and
healthy practice
There are number of health and safety policies made by UK government to provide
security to workers and care users at workplace. Some of them are as follows:
Working time regulations 1998: It gives protection to adult carers in which working hours limits
and leaves have been discussed.
Regulations of diseases and dangerous occurrences and their reporting 1995: According to
this, employees of healthcare units are needed to report of all the incidents and injuries that have
occurred.
Effectiveness of these policies: The policies related to health and safety which are implemented
properly result in better health and safety of care users. Effectiveness of these rules are given
below:
 Enrolment of right workers and staff.
 It helps for better supervision of safety and security parameters.
 Hospital premises can be protected.
 Easy record keeping (Valentine, Nembhard and Edmondson, 2015).
 Provides safe environment to patients.
 Offers service security.
 Frequent modification of practices and policies.
12

 It makes staff members to be in their boundaries.
 These policies give surety to family and friends of patients to be in secured place.
 Adjustments can take place to meet all the safety goals.
The approaches and the practices that are created and actualized at the work environment
ought to be made successful. This would without a doubt help in the advancement of positive
Health and safety in society. This is because of the reason that when these are actualized then
most likely a wide range of dangers, issues and issues emerging are settled at the soonest. Over
all the staff working for this security and health settings is prepared and outfitted with the
aptitudes and skills. This would help the staff in following and executing their obligations and
duties well ahead in time. The particular and exceptional needs benefit clients will be given a
great deal of offices and advantages according to their prerequisites. They will help in creating
orderly and controlled safety and security work put and solid work culture and condition which
will advance health, security and prosperity of the considerable number of people at work
environment. There ought to be clear and proficient rules and directions to all in playing out their
obligations well.
CONCLUSION
In this report, it has been concluded that health and safety is considered as critical part of
H&S care organization. It is also important for service providers to follow all the rules and
regulations which are involved in the report (Carpenter and et. al. 2017). In order to get rid of
financial problems to preserving the reputation of organization depends upon the following those
rules and provisions. Health and safety act 2010 is most important law that involves various
important provisions that needs to be followed by service providers in order to resolve the
situation of ethical dilemma in health and social care.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals:
Alley, D.E. and et. al. 2016. Accountable health communities—addressing social needs through
Medicare and Medicaid. N Engl J Med. 374(1). pp.8-11.
Aveyard, H., 2014. Doing a literature review in health and social care: A practical guide.
McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
Barrington, R., 2017. Health, medicine and politics in Ireland 1900-1970. Health.
Baum, F., 2016. The new public health (No. Ed. 4). Oxford University Press.
Cameron, A. and et. al. 2014. Factors that promote and hinder joint and integrated working
between health and social care services: a review of research literature. Health & social
care in the community. 22(3). pp.225-233.
Carayon, P. ed., 2016. Handbook of human factors and ergonomics in health care and patient
safety. CRC Press.
Carpenter, J. and et. al. 2017. Effective supervision in social work and social care. Health.
Drummond, M.F. and et. al. 2015. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care
programmes. Oxford university press.
Duckett, S. and Willcox, S., 2015. The Australian health care system (No. Ed. 5). Oxford
University Press.
Makai, P. and et. al. 2014. Quality of life instruments for economic evaluations in health and
social care for older people: a systematic review. Social science & medicine. 102. pp.83-
93.
Scott, J. and et. al. 2017. Integrating safety concepts in health and social care. Journal of
Integrated Care. 25(2). pp.76-83.
Stewart, B.W.K.P. and Wild, C.P., 2017. World cancer report 2014. Health.
Valentine, M.A., Nembhard, I.M. and Edmondson, A.C., 2015. Measuring teamwork in health
care settings: a review of survey instruments. Medical care. 53(4). pp.e16-e30.
Online:
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What Are The Main Health And Safety Regulations. 2017. [online]. Available through
<https://worksmart.org.uk/health-advice/health-and-safety/employer-duties/what-are-main-
health-and-safety-regulations>
How Health and Safety is Monitored and Reviewed. 2017. [Online]. Available through
<http://www.sheilds.org/how-health-and-safety-is-monitored-and-reviewed/>
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