The provided report concludes that the HR department plays a crucial role in each function and operation of an organization. They help manage and retain employees for long periods, enabling growth and sustainability. HR managers frame questionnaires for interviews, examine competencies, and consider laws and legislations to perform functions ethically.
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Human Resource Management
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Table of Contents Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3 TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3 1 Introduction to the chosen organisation including mission statement, purpose and core business objectives......................................................................................................................3 2. Purpose of the HR function and the key roles and responsibilities of the HR function, along with significance that HR plays in acquiring talent to meet business objectives........................4 3. An assessment of approach to workforce planning, recruitment and selection, development and training, performance management and reward systems....................................................5 Case study example to examine different methods used in HR practice....................................7 PART 2............................................................................................................................................7 Design of job specification.........................................................................................................7 Documentation of preparatory notes for interviews and selection criteria.................................8 Template job offer for desired candidate....................................................................................9 Evaluation of Process and rationale for conducting HR practices............................................10 Approaches and effectiveness to employee relation & engagement with mention of flexible organisation, working practice and employer of choice...........................................................10 Aspects of Employee Legislation in Context with the Organisation........................................11 Evaluate how employee relation and legislation informs decision making and meeting of business objectives....................................................................................................................12 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTION Human resource are the backbone of each firm whose efforts decides its growth or success in marketplace. Whereas, Human resource management can be referred to a method in which workforce of firm is managed. Several functions are executed for managing human resources within the organisation i.e. training programmes, rewards & compensation, recruitment and selection etc. and all these functions are carried out by human resource department so that desired goals of firm can be achieved in predetermined time-frame. Taken firm for this report is Sainsbury's which is third largest retail firm in UK.This report will be discuss about the functions and purpose of HRM along with strength and weaknesses of several approaches of recruitment and selection. Furthermore, importance of employee relations along with impact of legislations on HRM practices will also describe under this project. At last, report will covers that how HRM practices are applied within the work-related context. TASK 1 1 Introduction to the chosen organisation including mission statement, purpose and core business objectives. Sainsbury's is a retailer chain which is based in UK along with a market share of 16.9% in supermarket sector of United kingdom. This firm was established in 1869 by John James Sainsbury and now company is successfully operating its functions with approx. 1400 shops across the UK nation. Company offers several things like daily use products, grocery and food productsto their customers. In current scenario, company is known as the third largest supermarket chain within the UK.Main objective of organisation is to providing quality products to their customers so that brand image can be maintained in market. Whereas, mission and vision of organisation is to identifying the desired needs of customers and fulfil them accordingly so that their satisfaction level can be increased towards company. Organisation believes in offering quality products to their customers so that their loyalty can be maintained towards offerings and services of firm (About Sainsbury's, 2019). For this, they also provide loyalty cards to their old and existing customers for maintaining customer base and competitiveness in marketplace. Business of firm is increasing day by day because they have made several subsidiaries which are workingunderthemsuchassainsbury'sbank,supermarkets,freshkitchen,discount supermarkets etc. According to financial report of previous year, revenue of Sainsbury's was
approx.£28.45 billion in 2018 which defines strong sustainability and good position of firm in UK market. 2. Purpose of the HR function and the key roles and responsibilities of the HR function, along with significance that HR plays in acquiring talent to meet business objectives. Human Resource management is a term which is used to define retaining and managing staff members of organisation. In addition, the best example for defining HRM functions are, firstly they hire new peoples and train them in a way so that their efforts can be used for achieving goals and objectives of organisation. In Sainsbury's, their HR managers organises training programmes on regular basis so that desired needs of customers can be met and profitabilitycanbeincreasedinmarket.SomeimportantfunctionsofHRmanagersin Sainsbury's are given as below: Functions of HRM- Training and Development-This function is performed by HR managers for increasing efficiency and performance level of employees at workplace so that their efforts can be used for achieving goals and objectives of organisation. In Sainsbury's, HR managers conducts training programme for employees by analysing their working performance at workplace. So that through engaging them in training sessions desired goals can be achieved in stipulated time-frame (Paauwe, 2012). Recruitment and Selection -It is also an another function which is performed by HR managersatworkplaceinwhichtheyhavetohirequalified,knowledgeableand experienced candidates whose efforts will be used for gaining competitive edge in market. For performing this function, HR managers of Sainsbury's have to examine actual demand of workforce within the firm and then use several recruitment methods so that most deserving candidate among pool of candidate can be hired. Purpose of HRM functions along with their roles and responsibilities Maintaining effective workforce at workplace– Main purpose of recruitment and selection function is to maintain workforce at workplace so that brand image and profitability of firm can be maintained in marketplace. For performing this function effectively, HR manager of Sainsbury's are responsible for analysing the demand of workforce within each department so that if any gap will be found than it can be fulfilled easily.
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Training and development– Prior purpose of this function is to train the workers so that they can perform their duties in more effective manner. In which, HR managers of Sainsbury's have to provide on job and off job training to their employees along with resolving their issues so that they performs their duties effectively on given tasks. Significance of HR in acquiring Talent HR managers plays very important role in organisation by recruiting and selecting employees who are highly qualified and having great experience of performing the work. In Sainsbury, HR also plays effective role such as first they hire the experienced and talented candidates among the pool of candidates then provide training to them so that they work according to the organisational structure. Therefore, it can be said that role of HR is very important in acquiring talented and skilled candidates for workplace which leads the organisation towards growth and sustainability (Boon and et. al., 2018). 3. An assessment ofapproach to workforce planning, recruitment and selection, development and training, performance management and reward systems. Main aim of HRM is to increase the working capability of employees so that desired goals and objectives can be achieved in marketplace. Due to which, HR managers of Sainburry use several approaches for retaining their employees and hiring new candidates for making sustainability of firm in marketplace. Some of these approaches along with functions are given as below: Workforce planning:It is an ongoing process which is performed by HR managers for retaining employees at workplace for long time frame so that desired goals can be achieved in desired manner. Approach related with workforce planning is given as below: Competencyapproach:IthelpstheHRmanagersofSainsbury'sinincreasing competencies of employees along with vision, mission and functions. In which HR managers have to increase competencies of workforce through fulfilling their desired needs so that high success and growth can be attained by firm in market. Recruitment and selection:Recruitment is a method which is used by organisations for attracting large number of candidates so as to filing vacant positions of workplace. Whereas, selection is a process of choosing most deserving candidate from large number of candidates. Approach for recruitment and selection is given as below:
Systematic approach:Whole process of recruitment and selection is related with systematic evaluation of skills, capabilities, attitude and behaviour of candidates. In this approach, HR managers of Sainsbury's have to define vacant position, attract and assess the candidates and perform activities like skills test, written test and interviews so that right candidates be hired for organisation. ï‚·Development and training:Both of these are referred to an organisational process which assists the organisation in enhancing efficiencies and competencies of employees at workplace so that desired goals can be achieved within given time-frame. Approach for this is given as below: Proactive approach:This approach can be used or implemented by HR managers of Sainsbury's easily because it does not require any kind of pre-planning. With the help of it, employees will provide more efforts for satisfying the needs of customers which will beneficial for brand image and customer base of firm (Bratton and Gold, 2017). ï‚·Performancemanagement:Itisaprocessofdevelopingappropriateworking environment for workforce so that their performance level can be maintained and used for attaining goals and objectives of firm. For this, HR managers of Sainsbury's should conduct some activities on regular basis so that performance level of employees can be maintained effectively. Comparativeapproach:Inthisapproach,HRmanagershavetoevaluatethe performance level of their employees and rank them from high to low. By using this approach, HR managers of Sainsbury's will be able to identify the employees having high performance as well as lower so that rewards and training session can be provided accordingly. ï‚·Reward system:This is a method which is used for motivating and encouraging the employees for delivering best efforts for completing the task. Approach related with this is given below: Incentive approach:According to this approach, HR managers of Sainsbury's should provide incentives on the basis of their performance so that they feel motivated at workplace and execute their duties in productive manner. This approach is very beneficial as increased efforts of employees leads the firm towards growth and sustainability in market. There are two types of approaches internal and external recruitment and selection which are explained as follows:
Internal recruitment and selection:There the existing employees are selected for the vacant post in theSainsbury's. By doing so less paper work and formalities are needed while selecting and recruiting candidate from within the organization. By doing so productivity and profitability ratio increases as it requires less time and efforts to understand the job role. External recruitment and selection:By selecting right candidate from outside sources huge find is requires as well as time. Sainsbury's recruit pot entail staff members external sources so that appropriate employee for right place is selected. By doing so workforce efficiency of the employees are raised at a large scale in the cut throat competitive world. StrengthsWeaknesses ï‚·Less paper work and legal formulaties need to be done while recruiting skilled employeesfromtheshortlisted candidate. ï‚·Selecting nominee from within the firm grabthingseasilyandraises productivity within short time period. ï‚·Workplacebecomemonotonousas sameemployeesareselectedand switched to other post. Due to which set goals are not achieved. ï‚·Employeesgetdi-motivatedand conflictoccurswhenwithinthe companyemployeesareselectedfor higher post. Mark and Spencer adopts both the approaches in order to hire skilled and capable candidate for the post. By doing so best out comes can be achieved in the set time frame. As well as customers are satisfied with the needs and demands of the customers. Case study example to examine different methods used in HR practice Sainsbury's is an old organisation of UK market which offers several products like cloth, food and home accessories to their customers. Several departments like HR, Sales, Finance, R&D etc. are made by management of firm for performing each activity and function effectively. For e.g. employees are facing several issues during performing business functions within the workplace due to which working productivity is decreasing and turnover is increasing. For resolving these issues, management of Sainsbury's have decided to adopt some HR practices which are given as follows:
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Training and development:It is an important HR practice which is beneficial for increasing orientation of employees towards their job roles and responsibilities. There are also some methods in it that can be used by Sainsbury's for attaining high growth and success in market. These methods of training and development are given as below: ï‚·On-the-job training method:It is traditional method of training which is used by each organisation to train their new and existing employees so that they will be able in carrying out their each activity in appropriate manner. ï‚·Off-the-job method:This method is most appropriate for resolving the issues of employees as their staff members are feeling bored and dissatisfied at workplace then it will be beneficial for the managers of Sainsburry's to take their employees away from workplace and provide training sessions to them at new places. With the help of it, employees will be able in learning new techniques for performing work (Guest, Paauwe, and Wright, 2012). PART 2 Design of job specification Job specification:It defines skills, knowledge and abilities of employees that is needed to perform work within the organisation. It also include several aspects like work-experience, professional experience and qualification etc. Job specification for post of assistant HR managers in Sainsbury's is given as follows: Post: HR executive Company: Sainsbury's Job purpose: Organisation is looking for qualified and experienced candidates for the job role ofassistantHRprofessionalswhohavinggoodcommunicationandmanagementskills. Candidate who have good decision-making and problem solving skills can apply for this job position. Roles & Responsibilities: ï‚·Providing support to the senior HR managers in forming surveys and organising training and seminars for the workforce and organisation. ï‚·Organising training and development programmes for newly recruited employees. Academic qualification:
ï‚·Bachelor's degree in Human resourceï‚·Degree of MBA in core field of HR. Work experience:ï‚·Candidates must have 2 years experience as HR executive in recognised organisation. Documentation of preparatory notes for interviews and selection criteria Documentation of preparatory notes Preparatorynotesarethosedocumentswhicharepreparedbyemployeesbefore organising starting recruitment and selection process. Preparatory documents is connected with interview which includes formation of several questions that will be used for identifying capabilities and knowledge of applicant. In case of Sainsbury's, some questions are formed by their HR managers which are given as below: Interview Questions ï‚·Briefly Introduce yourself ? ï‚·Whichtechniquewillbeusedforresolvingconflictsbetweenemployeeand management ? ï‚·First employee policy that you would suggest as new HR executive ? Preparatory document for selectioncriteria includesseveral informationsregarding selection approaches and methods that will be used by employers of Sainsbury's for choosing desired candidates (Sirmon and et. al., 2011). In this context, HR managers of Sainsbury's have decided several stages like pre-interview, short-listing of candidates, skill test, verbal test etc. for selecting candidates. For this, a chart is also formed which is given as below:
Source: (Selection process, 2019) Template job offer for desired candidate Job Offer Latter Mr. Mac John Lower street, British market, UK. Dear Mr. John foreigner We are glad to inform you that you are being selected for the position of assistant HR manager. Job duties and responsibilities: ï‚·you should perform administration support functions for HR department ï‚·You are responsible for doing basic HR activities and resolving the conflicts that can occurs at workplace. Reporting: BOD and Senior HR manager Illust ration1: Selection process, 2019
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Basic salary: 4,500 pound per month. Work hours: 9:30 AM to 5.30 PM. Vacations: weekly off Compensation and benefits: Compensation package offered by firm include disability and general life insurance and medical kits. We will be happy to see you on the job from 4thJune 2019. Sincerely John Vera Evaluation of Process and rationale for conducting HR practices HR practices like recruitment and selection, job orientation, training and development, rewards and compensation helps each organisation in performing their business functions in most desired manner. Along with it, several HR practices are also performed by HR managers for hiring candidates like job description, Interview, Job Specification etc. so that desired candidates with special skills can be hired within the firm. Thorough this, overall productivity and working potential of Sainsbury's will be increased which will also beneficial for them in improving their brand image and market position among the rivals. Rational for organising HR practices is that the new employees from different region can acquire the required skills and knowledge which will leads the towards high growth and success in market. Approaches and effectiveness to employee relation & engagement with mention of flexible organisation, working practice and employer of choice Employee relation-Several approaches are related with employee relation in which, most appropriate approach is flexible working hours. According to this approach, employees are backbone of the firm so that if more pressure will possess on them then demotivation and dissatisfaction among them will be increase which will not beneficial for productivity of firm. Therefore, management of Sainsbury's should provide them flexible working hours so that they feel motivated while working within the firm. Through adopting this approach, Sainsbury's will become flexible organisation and their managers will be able in develop healthy relations with their employees (Storey, 2014). Importance of employee relations and their impact on decision-making– By developing healthy atmosphere at workplace HR managers of Sainsbury's will be able in removing conflicts
which will leads the organisation towards growth and sustainability in market. Effective relations with the employees also helps the managers of Sainsbury's in gaining their desired targets and objectives. Good employee relations encourages the employees to take parts in decision-making process so that better decisions can made for betterment of firm. Employee Engagement:It can be defined as the process under which the measurement of the dedication of the employees towards the work of the company is measured. In other words, it can also be said that it is the contribution made by the employees of the company in the success and growth of an organisation. There are different approaches which are taken into consideration at the time of measurement of employee engagement. The first one is Situational Approach. In the following approach the focus is made on the needs and welfare of the employees such has by giving the preference of employees on priority. When the management works in accordance with the needs of employees than it motivates them and increases their will to work so that they could make their contribution towards the growth and development of the organisation in the mos effective ways. In order to increase the employee engagement, the company can provide their employees with flexible working hours, extra time for refreshment and many more facilities which increases their morale and dedication to work. This will help the company in becoming employer of choice because the employer is taking care of all the needs and demands of the employees. In addition to this, it will also become possible for the employee to get the correct guidance from the employer about the work performance. Aspects of Employee Legislation in Context with the Organisation Employee Legislations can be defied as the rules and acts which are prescribed by the government of a country in order to protect the interest of employees working in an organisation. The following is the description of these acts which hare described as under: SexDiscriminationAct,1975:InaccordancewiththisAct,itmakeillegalto discriminate the people on the basis of their sex whether they are men or women, they should be provided with equal importance a the workplace. It includes activities such as harassment of employees, at the workplace and some other activities which makes the people liable to punishment (Moutinho and Vargas-Sanchez, 2018). Equal Pay Act, 1970: In accordance with this Act, every employee working in an organisation at the same level have the right to get equal salary which the other employees are getting. It makes illegal in case when the employees are working at the same level but are
provided with different salaries. In case of differentiation, the employee can file case against the company. Impactoftheselegislationsondecision-making-Employmentlegislationisa framework that supports the organisation in governing their duties and functions in ethical manner so that any difficulty wouldn't be faced by them in future period of time. In addition these laws and legislation will also help Sainsburry in carrying out their business activities honestly and transparently which will helpful for organisation in making their good brand image in front of their rivals. Whereas, if high pressure will be exert by the superiors on their subordinates then it will not beneficial for productivity and profitability of firm because due to high pressure, employees feel dissatisfied at workplace which will affect the overall performance of organisation. Therefore, it is important for management of Sainsbury's to adhere laws and legislations considerably so that any difficulty not be faced by organisation. Evaluate how employee relation and legislation informs decision making and meeting of business objectives HR Managerof Sainsbury'smust follow the rules and regulations laid down by the government of an economy. This will help the company in making good relation with their employees As following the rules and regulations will help the company in creating good relation with employees on the other hand it will also prevent the company from being intervened by the government which is not good for any company. By following the rules and regulation it will become easy for the company to maintain good and image of their company in front of the employees and also in front of the market also. In addition to this, if the relation of the company is good with the employees, it will become easy for the manager of the company to get good work from their employees. It will also help the management in the focusing on other issues which are of great concern to the management as there is no need to look over the work of employees due to their self dedication and motivation to work (Marchington and et. al., 2016). Employees relations and legislation directly affect the HR practices carried out in the business.This plays a vital role in the administration growth and success.HR practicesof Sainsbury'sbuild strong relations with it's team members so that set goals can be achieved easily Whereas, legislation related to company are affected effectively by the HR of the company so that workers can be assured about their safety and security in the premises.
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CONCLUSION It has been concluded from the above discussed report that HR department plays very important role in each functions and operations of organisation. As it helps the firm in managing and retaining the employees for long time-frame so that growth and sustainability can be maintained in marketplace. HR managers frames questionnaires for interview and examines competencies of candidates so that best qualified and experienced candidate can be hired at workplace. Several laws and legislations must be consider by HR managers while performing functions at workplace so that each functions would be carried out in ethical manner.
REFERENCES Books and journals Boon, C. and et. al., 2018. Integrating strategic human capital and strategic human resource management.The InternationalJournalof Human ResourceManagement.29(1). pp.34-67. Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2017.Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave. Chelladurai, P. and Kerwin, S., 2017.Human resource management in sport and recreation. Human Kinetics. Gatewood, R., Feild, H. S. and Barrick, M., 2015.Human resource selection. Nelson Education. Guest, D. E., Paauwe, J. and Wright, P. eds., 2012. HRM and performance:Achievements and challenges.John Wiley & Sons Harrison,F.andLock,D.,2017.Advancedprojectmanagement:astructuredapproach. Routledge. Marchington, M. and et. al., 2016.Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Messersmith, J. G. and et. al., 2011. Unlocking the black box: exploring the link between high- performance work systems and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology. 96(6). pp.1105. Moutinho, L. and Vargas-Sanchez, A. eds., 2018.Strategic Management in Tourism, CABI Tourism Texts. Cabi. Sirmon, D.G. and et. al., 2011. Resource orchestration to create competitive advantage: Breadth, depth, and life cycle effects. Journal of Management. 37(5). pp.1390-1412. Storey, J., 2014.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Online AboutSainsbury's.2019.[online]Availablethrough: <https://www.about.sainsburys.co.uk/about-us/> The employment act.2019. [online] Available through<https://cartwrightking.co.uk/areas-of- practice/Employment/employee-rights/>/.