Leadership And Management Concepts PDF

Leadership And
Management Concepts

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
1. Definition of leaders and managers....................................................................................3
2. Similarities and difference between characters of modern leaders and manager...............3
3. Different roles of management and leadership in application of different organisational
situations with the help of theories and concepts...................................................................4
4. Roles of leaders and functions of managers in different situations faced by the organisation.
................................................................................................................................................5
5. Explanation of different theories of leadership. ................................................................6
6. Strengths and weakness of the different leadership approaches within the work
environment. ..........................................................................................................................6
PART 2............................................................................................................................................7
1. Introduction to key operations of Corus to win the new business......................................7
2. Details of key operational functions with the roles and responsibilities of the managers. 8
3. Explain the importance operation management in the organisation..................................9
4. Impact of external business environment and the factors that affect the decision making of
the leaders and manager.........................................................................................................9
5. how to increases operational efficiencies to meets the objective of the organisation
successfully...........................................................................................................................11
6. Conclusion and recommendation for future improvements. ..........................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management are the crucial part of the company as leaders focuses on
inspiring people whereas management focuses on managing the activities of organisation
(Adams and Velarde, 2018). The report discusses case study on Corus which is the part of Tata
steel group. Corus was formed in 1999. The Corus is second largest steels producers group in
Europe. The products of Corus are strip steel products, long products, distribution and building
system, aluminium, etc. In this report the discussion will be based on different roles of leaders
and functions of the manager. The report will be based on role of leaders and functions on the
managers in different situations. Further the study will discuss the different leadership theories
and models of approaches. It also includes the strengths and weakness of different leadership
theories. Lastly the report ends up with determining the relationship between leadership and
management in external business environment .
MAIN BODY
PART 1
1. Definition of leaders and managers
As per Moses, Leaders is a person who persuade people to do what they wanted to do and
influence them for what they don't want to do.
Eric Hoffer stated that Leader have the cognition to influence the subordinates behaviours
and stimulate them to follow peculiar course of action (Definition of Leader, 2007).
According to Theodore M. Hesburg, Managers are the person who have powers and
responsibilities to take decision to oversee the organisation.
As per Susan Ward, Managers are the people who assigned with the management tasks
for achievement of the desired goals of the organisation with the helps of key managements
functions which are planning, organising, staffing, problem solving and controlling.
2. Similarities and difference between characters of modern leaders and manager.
Richard Branson is an great example of the modern leaders as he communicate with his
staff effectively and possess the characteristic of avoiding conflicts and resolve the problems.
Similarities in characters of manager and leaders are that they both oversee the group or
team members in the company. Both leaders and managers are responsible for the outcomes of

result for which both of them are accountable (Gardner, Chongwony and Washington, 2018).
They both believe in communicating effectively with the employees of the company which will
helps them to influences employees to according to the managers and leaders. For example the
aim of leader and mangers is to maximise the sales of the company. As Richard Branson focuses
on achieving the the sales target by communicating properly the goals of the company to its
employees.
Dissimilarities in the characters of managers and leaders is that manager thinks
incrementally which means that managers follows the company policies where as leaders think
radically for taking decision making in the organisation which means that leaders follow their
own intuitions which may some times benefits the company (Kantola, Barath and Nazir, 2018).
For example Richard Branson is different from other managers in terms of thinking creatively
and take risk for implementation of innovative ideas where as managers only follow the rigid
policies of the company. Ability to face challenging situation for leaders are challenging too but
they face it easily by adopting different leadership styles where as managers avoids to faces
challenges and follow the rigid policies of the companies.
3. Different roles of management and leadership in application of different organisational
situations with the help of theories and concepts.
According to the Henry Fayol's theory of managements there are five functions of
managements that are planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. In Corus the role
of manager is to follow these five primary functions as it help the managers to gets the feedback
and analyse the deviation in the output (Alchin, Arthur and Woodrow, 2019).
In planning the manager plans to set the objective of the company for introducing new
product in the company and plans for how to make employee accept the changes implemented by
the organisation. The managers can improve the sales by increasing the stocks, advertisement
and sales staff in the company. In organising the role of managers is to organise the team and
materials for the in accordance with the plan. In staffing the role of manager is to recruit the best
employees for the sales of the product. In directing the role of managers is to lead the
organisation by motivating, encouraging, communicating,etc. with the employees. In controlling
the role of manager is to evaluates the standard performances by the actual performance and find
the deviation in result so that corrective measures can be taken to achieve the goal of the
company (Forde and et.al.,2019).

According to the great man leadership theory the leaders are born with necessary traits.
The strong leaders does not need to develop the traits of leaders as they are inborn in them. The
role of leaders when Corus faces the situation to increase the sales of innovative product in the
market by implementing changes are that leaders encourages employees to adopt the creative
ideas and influence them to work in different way for increases sales of the company like
adopting different marketing tactics to attract customers by giving discounts on the new products
of free samples so that new customers can be created by the company (Berumen-Flucker and
et.al., 2019).
4. Roles of leaders and functions of managers in different situations faced by the organisation.
In respect of different organisation situation, the role of leader and managers are
identified on the bases of
Basis Leaders Managers
Directions The leaders role in the
organisation is to set the
directions for the members to
achieve the objective of the
company (Hoye and et.al.,
2018).
The role of managers is to plan
details for moving of the
directions set by the company
to achieve the objective of the
company.
Focus The leaders focuses on the
people and their development.
Managers focuses on the
procedure and process in the
organisation.
Strives The leaders strives on
effectiveness for achievement
of the goal.
Managers strives on
effectiveness and efficiency in
the employees for achieving
the objective of the company
(Gibson and Parkman, 2018).
The roles of leaders and functions of managers in different situations of the Corus are
conflict resolution situation faced by the Corus and persuading employee to stay in the company.

Conflict resolution: The employee in the company may some times faces conflicts
which affects on their productivity and cultivates a non healthy working environment for
employees. The role of leaders is to stop the arguments and reduce tensions among the
employees and coach them (Qadir, 2019). The function of manager is to organise the company
work culture into healthier environment and control the situation by taking corrective measures
analyse the root cause for arising of the conflicts and resolve them.
Persuade the employee to stay: The company may face difficulties to hang on the
employee in the company who are looking for best opportunity in some another company. The
role of leaders is to encourages the employees to stay in the organisation for giving him sense of
value and train them to become more talented and skilled in their work. The function of
managers is to preserves its staff by increasing the salary of the employees and provide better
benefits to employees (Rennison, 2018).
5. Explanation of different theories of leadership.
In Corus the leaders adopt different leadership styles according to the requirement of the
company.
Situational leadership: In this leadership theory the leaders adopt various leadership
styles according to the requirement of the situation faced by the company and helps the members
to increase their development level (Situational leadership, 2019). This leadership style is
effective because it helps to adopt the needs of team and makes beneficial balance in whole
organisation. For example when leaders faces the situation of declining sales they encourages
employees to bring new ideas for increasing the sales (Kearney, 2018).
System leadership: Leaders in the organisation tries to motivate the employee to
increase their productivity and increase their potential in work. The leaders in the organisation
uses best human behaviours models and organisation strategies, system design, etc. For example
the leaders design the best organisational structure for the employees so that they can work with
effectively and efficiently to achieve the goals of the organisation.
Contingency leadership: This approach of leadership states that the leaders success does
not depends upon the abilities of the leaders. The leader effectiveness shown at the time of
contingent situation faced by the company (Adams and Velarde, 2018).
6. Strengths and weakness of the different leadership approaches within the work environment.
Strength and weakness of the leadership approaches

Situational leadership: The strengths of the this leadership style is that it creates and
increases awareness among the leaders. In respect of lack of information in attaining the
particular task, the strength arises is that it enables the leaders to boost their training routines.
The disadvantage of the leadership style is that the focus of the leaders on the immediate
requirement rather then fulfilling the long term needs of the company. Another disadvantage is
that this leadership style is more challenging for the leaders to adopt. As in case of lack of time,
leaders choose this approach to accomplish task (Sikipa and et.al., 2019).
System leadership: In case of having high pressure from superiors, the strengths is that
leaders focuses on achieving the individual as well as organisational goals. Leaders focuses on
multiple dimensions for management of the organisation. Weaknesses is that leaders are not
practical and they may delay in decision making. The nature for interdependence is not defined
by the leaders (Hoye and et.al., 2018).
Contingency leadership: In case of accomplishing the task within less time, the strength
is that leaders research and identify about the uncertainty faced by the organisation. The
perspective of leaders gets improved. The disadvantage is that due to dynamic environment the
leaders faces challenges in the management of the company. No clear procedure or process are
present as leaders takes decision on the basis of their intuitions (Gibson and Parkman, 2018).
PART 2
1. Introduction to key operations of Corus to win the new business.
Corus group of plc was incorporated in 1999, the headquarters of the company are
situated in London. The company operates on the international basis and fulfils the demands of
steels customer from all overs the world. The company has wide variety of product and services
that are electrical steels, narrow strips, plates semi finished steel, etc. including design,
consultancy services and technology. key operations of the company is to increase the size of the
company with its market values. Corus has gained great opportunity for increasing the
profitability and looking for the potentials buyers for the company (Alchin, Arthur and
Woodrow, 2019).
Total quality management: The focus is mainly on to increase the customers
satisfaction from the products of Corus company. The company improved by providing training
to the employees so that they can work efficiently for the company (Alchin, Arthur and

Woodrow, 2019). The Corus focused on process thinking as the supply chain of the company
from raw materials to the delivery of the product to end consumers require continuous
monitoring and measurement of the performances. To meet the new business opportunity by
providing quality products, resulting in increasing the sales in company and thus, they get more
chances to expand the business.
Just in time: This strategy was used by the company to improve the efficiency and
effectiveness in the workers so that they can produce more with less waste produced by the
company. The aim of this strategy is to optimum utilisation of the resources which will reduce
the cost of production of the company due to which the price of the product will cost less for the
company (Berumen-Flucker and et.al., 2019). As the success of the strategy depends upon the
highly skilled employees and steady production with no breakdowns in the machines. By
providing products in time, get more order in near future and this will increases the stability of
Corus company in future. The new business opportunity arises in respective of getting more
project through providing timely delivery of products and services.
Kaizen principles of continuous improvement: kaizen principles is an Japanese theory
management as kaizen means continuous improvement. The main focus of the theory is that it
focuses on the identifying the errors and tries to resolve the errors by taking corrective measures
to improve them. For Corus to adopt the strategy help to find the mistakes that company made
and tries to improves them which took the company towards the path of the success. The
company improved the system of the organisation, opportunity to find why employee make
mistakes in their work and tries to improve them, etc. (Kantola, Barath and Nazir, 2018). In
context of new business opportunity, this helps in getting more quality products through which
they can beat competitors strategy in wider ways.
2. Details of key operational functions with the roles and responsibilities of the managers.
Finance: Finance is the important function for the smooth functioning of the operations
of the Corus company. As it ensures the works carried out properly for the production of good
and services and to satisfy the needs of customers. The roles of managers is to make available
the required finance for the company and responsibilities of managers is to use the resources
efficiently so that waste can be reduced while handling finance. As the purchases of raw
materials and investments purpose requires huge amount of finances (Qadir, 2019).

Design of product: Innovative technology plays a significant role in the operational
management function. As it helps to increases the productivity and increases economies of scale.
The roles of managers is to adopt the new technology and responsibilities is to train the
employee for handling innovative technology installed by the Corus (Rennison, 2018). The
function of managers is to appoint skilled person to trained the staff and also check the employee
learning capability to deal in particular task. Through designing innovative ideas is needed and
this can be done by motivation. Managers duty is to motivate employees to bring new ideas and
implement in their work.
Supply chain: The supply chain includes supply of raw material to till it converted into
finished good and then supplied to end consumers. The managers role is to ensure effectiveness
in the management, controlling and monitoring the supply of the products and responsibilities is
to foster the team spirit and improve the quality of work (Gardner, Chongwony and Washington,
2018).
3. Explain the importance operation management in the organisation.
In Corus the operation management plays a key role in the development and growth of
the organisation. With the smooth functioning of the operations of the Corus it helps to achieve
the objective of the company. Operation management increases the productivity of the Corus
which further helps to increase the economies of scale of the company (Hoye and et.al., 2018).
The manager of the company is able to utilises the resources more optimally which increases the
efficiency and effectiveness of the organisation. When the company improves its operational
activities then it increases to improve its images in markets by providing quality products to the
consumers which further helps the company to increases its revenues and gets more customer
satisfaction. With the help of operation management the company creates the value by improving
the quality of product and due to transformation it will meet the needs of the customers which
will further contribute in the growth and profitability of Corus.
4. Impact of external business environment and the factors that affect the decision making of the
leaders and manager.
The external business analysis of Corus can be done with the help of pestle analysis and the
decision of leaders and manager gets affected due to following reasons.
Political factors: In this factor the Corus gets impacted due the political environment of
the Europe. Which impacts the company to take decisions according to the demands of political

party that influences the operations of the company. The decision of managers and leaders gets
affected by the taxation policies, environmental regulations, trades restrictions, tariffs and
reforms, employment laws, etc. for example the managers needs to pay wages to the employees
in comparison to employees of the home country because of the law of employment is Europe
are different (Forde and et.al.,2019).
Economic factor: The factor focuses on the wealth and conditions of the economy. The
decision of managers and leaders gets affected due to the the growth rate of the economy,
exchanges rates, interest rates, credit availability, etc. For examples the mangers will get more
interest rates when the economy is wealthier which impact of their decision as the wealthier
economy will helps to gain more profit rather then poor economy due to income expenditure of
people on the product.
Sociological factors: In this factor the Corus needs to fulfil the ethical considerations
towards the society. It involves the cultural norms, health consciousness, safety, emphasis on
global warming, etc. The decision of managers and leaders gets affected as they need to
increases the quality of the products with undertaking the less pollution produced by the
company. For example company can market with quotation on the product as reuse of waste
product.
Technological factor: The company productivity gets impacted due to the technology
used by the company. As new technology continuously increases the productivity which further
helps to increase the the revenue of the company (Hoye and et.al., 2018). The factor may
impact negatively as the adoption of high advance technology in the Corus company may require
huge amount of investment for purchasing of the new technology. The decision of managers and
leaders gets affected as they need to take financial decision and arrangement of finance from
other sources will affect Corus financial statement.
Legal factor: The changes that happens in the legislation of the European department
may affects the decision of managers and leaders in terms of access to the raw materials,
resources, policies of import and exports, quotas, etc. For example the managers may face
problem in importation of steels at higher will impact on the productivity and cost of
manufacturing for Corus so managers tries use the natural resources which are present within the
country by following the legal rules and regulations of the country.

Environmental factors: The company needs to deal with laws of ecological
environment of the Europe. The emission of carbon dioxide is fixed at certain limits in country.
The decision of managers and leaders gets affected as the they can manufacture the product
within the range of emission of carbon dioxide (Gardner, Chongwony and Washington, 2018).
5. how to increases operational efficiencies to meets the objective of the organisation
successfully.
The operational efficiency of the company increase as to meet the goals of the company
successfully as following are the ways through which company can increases its operational
efficiencies.
With the help of democratic leadership approach the company can increase the
operational efficiency as the democratic leaders involve the employees in the decision making
and employees give the suggestion and various ideas to increase the chances for success of
organisation to achieve the business objective of the company. Leaders can be continuous in
creation of agile, anticipates and adapt the changing environments. This will helps in developing
the new skills and also increase their capacity of thinking beyond their level. By this procedure
Corus accomplish its objective in respect of saving more and also work is to be completed
accurately. Managerial skills are more important in the managers of the company as it helps to
allocate the resources optimally without wastages which helps to run business operation
smoothly and achieve the objective of the company.
6. Conclusion and recommendation for future improvements.
From the case study on Corus it can be said that the company is the part of Tata steel as
these two companies merged to increase the profitability in the global market. Corus company is
the second largest steels manufacture in Europe. The success of the company depends upon the
operational managements as the managers and leaders of the company are highly skilled and
talented to take the correct decision for the success of the company. Future recommendation for
the company is to adopt innovative technology continuously which will improve the productivity
of the company more in future. By hiring of talented and skilled employees company can get
innovative ideas to increase its markets share in the global market as the should recruit the
talented employee as which will help to improve the work culture in the organisation.
CONCLUSION

From the above report it can be concluded that leaders and managers are most important
part of the company for smooth function of managements operational activities in the
organisation. Leaders changes their leadership style according to the demands of the situations
faced by the company. The different leadership styles that are adopted by the leaders of Corus
are situational, system and contingency leadership style. The operational efficiency in Corus
company which made them successful are total quality management, Kaizen principles and just
in time were adopted by the company. So the operation management improve the business and
produces the values which fulfil the needs of customers and improve the revenue of the
company.

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