Leadership and Management: Key Theories and Perspectives

This report explores the key theories and perspectives of leadership and management within the context of Savers, an international retail organization. It discusses the principles of team and motivational working, the role of vision and mission in leadership and management behavior, and the evaluation of managers and leaders using appropriate models. The report also highlights the importance of ethics and values in contributing to organizational success.

LEADERSHIP AND
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Key theories and perspective of leadership and management within range of environment. 3
Team and motivational working principle.............................................................................4
Vision and Mission in relation to behaviour of leadership, management.............................6
Evaluation of mangers and leaders by using appropriate model............................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is defined as an essential part for an organisation that leads a group or team to
gain desired task and objectives. Leadership also work as the art to motivate workforce towards
accomplishment of organisational goals. Management states as the set of principles that are
related with company functions including planning, organising, directing and controlling. This
report is written from perspective of Savers which is an international organisation that is
performing their work in retail industry. Savers operates large number of family stores that
operates chain of stores through offering good quality of goods. Moreover, this report highlights
on key theories and perspective of leadership and management and principle related with
motivation and team will also be included in this report (Schmid, Grosche and Mayrhofer, 2016).
In the last, management and leadership for contributing in organisational effectiveness and ethics
will also included in this report. In the last leaders and managers facilitate changes through
utilising essential tools and models.
Key theories and perspective of leadership and management within range of environment
Savers is a privately organisation that work as a charity shop or thrift store among all
over the world. In context of savers their stores are presented at different locations so the major
concern for leaders and managers is to complete task in effective manner in order to perform
charity functions in exact manner. Participative, trait, autocratic are some theories that directly
impacts on goals and objectives of organisation. Some theories related with this functions are
mention as follow: Participative theory- Savers is a retail organisation which is capturing large market area
through offering daily use household product of high quality. Moreover, organisation is
performing their work at global level so it is essential for leaders and managers to
perform all task and projects as per international standards. From the perspective of
Savers participative theory is implemented by organisation as it consider point view from
all employees to complete all task in effective manner. This results all task are done
within proper manner through managing task and operations in organised manner. (Braun
and et. al., 2016).
 Situational leadership- In the present scenario, most of the organisation are performing
their work at global level. So it is essential for management to generate strategies that

leads company to deal with various situations. It determines with better plans an
organisation easily perform all task through understanding whole situations in positive
manner.
Behavioural theory of leadership
International or global companies are competing with each other along with they also
compete with local companies (Surugiu and Surugiu, 2015). This determines it is essential for
savers to develop their products as per customer viewpoint. Lewin theory of leadership work as
an effective tool which leads company to perform work with three different types that is
autocratic, laissez fair and democratic. Moreover, from point view of Savers Democratic style is
implemented in most functions to generate quick decisions at global level.
 Kurt Lewin's change management model- Change is an important part for organisation
that leads an organisation to gain top position in market. Savers perform most of the
operations in UK and other countries. Due to which all task are different from each other
so to perform all task within proper manner an organisation must focus to deal with
modification on constant basis. So with change management model functions are
performed in effective manner which are mention as follow. Further, it is divided into
three different stages that is unfreeze, change and refreeze which is mention as follow:
Unfreeze- This is the first stage in which an organisation prepare its employees to
manage that they are ready for change. Along with this change work as an important part to
improve graph performance (Davis and Jones, 2014). So with this stage management ensures
that employees are ready to accept changes.
Change- Change is the second stage that relates with needs of organisation it refers that
with this second stage organisation is able to make alteration which improves the overall
performance of operations and functions of organisation.
Refreeze- With the refreeze stage an organisation ensure that changes which are
implemented by management all are learned effectively by personnel. This results overall
performance of organisational operations and functions will be increased effectively as leaders
and managers enhances workforce skill through motivating them to accept essential changes.
Team and motivational working principle
Teams are the most important for Savers because it leads company to complete all
functions within proper manner. Similarly motivated employees area also able to perform

projects as per desired results. This results all task are directed towards organisational goals and
objectives. Some principle which improves overall performance are mention as follow: Harmonising influence- While performing the work there are various challenges will be
faced by management such as dispute and issue in ongoing task. This also refers that it is
mandatory for organisation to help teams for overcoming from different situations in
order to lead them towards organisational goals. Savers is more concerned about
overcoming from loopholes that generates issue while accomplishing organisational goals
and objectives. Scientific management for productivity- Scientific principle also work as a theory that
leads management to analyse workflow of organisation (Swoboda, Berg and Dabija,
2014). The main objective is to improve economic efficiency by enhancing productivity
of operations. Along with this scientific management also perform work to complete all
task by delivering good quality goods to customers. Be clear at time of communicating- Global organisation such as Savers must manage
their task and project that satisfies needs and wants of globalised customers. Retail
industry is enhancing their business size with rapid speed so with clear meaning it is easy
to grab opportunities quickly. Along with this it also helps to perform work in specified
time period. Promote performance- Management plays large number of functions and operations to
attract more number of customers as well as to earn high amount of revenue. Leaders and
managers are top authority of an organisation. So they are responsible to understand
working environment and decides right strategy for organisation work and performance.
 Cultivate learning- Team members belong to different backgrounds as this human
perform their work with different perspective. Effective leaders encourages teams to learn
from their mistake for improving performance of organisation in decided time period. It
results all task are performed with innovativeness in work (Edwards and et. al.,
2015).Role of management and leadership in improving performance of organisation
Leadership and management are very important factors that are related to growth of
organisations. Leadership plays efficient role in creating an successful organisation. It has an
important role to play in the Effective work process designing which means making a plan that
gives an appropriate formula of making faster and smother progress, maintaining culture of

company leaders have to keep in mind that an healthy culture is maintained within an
organisation only when there healthy environment exists in internal premises. Achieving goals
and creating sustainability this is an important function of leadership as it leads to wider spread
of company in gaining profit . Management is an important factor that leads towards managing
of a companies finance and other resources. This helps in checking the progress of a company
towards achieving of its financial stabilities which means enhancement of capital of a company
(Hallinger and Chen, 2015). It helps in anticipation of potential, opportunities and rules are
made to deal and solve problems related to it. Coordination and resources allocation is also done
through management which means all the activities are coordinated by the management team .
All these are interrelated with each other and more than one function can be performed by one
manger. Leadership also works as an effective method which is leading companies to design
their project according to international standard. Along with this plans which are designed by
Savers are directed towards accomplish of organisational goals by implementing theme, plans in
practical approach. Similarly manger implements strategy which help the company to keep its
finances in balanced manner that leads to save of money that ultimately help the company in
investing the money in better way for their future operations and functions.
Vision and Mission in relation to behaviour of leadership, management
Vision: The company is seeking to achieve goals and objectives by providing better
facilities to the customer. Savers seeks to grow as a bigger entity in the market by providing best
quality products to its customers that includes housewares, clothing, furniture etc. Key things are
developing positive relations with stakeholders to improve goodwill of organisation.
Mission: “To maximise satisfaction level of customers by providing them standard
products.
Leadership in context of vision: As the concept itself explains that leadership is there for
helping in the upliftment of an organisation. So for vision it sets up consistency which leads to
integrity, fairness and honest port rial of ideas. It also leads to make imagination and innovation
of people of to be enhanced that creates a positive environment and also enhances and give
place to innovative ideas.
Management in context of vision: plays a very important role in promoting the idea of
the company and also vision to the stakeholders and explanation of strategical development.
That attracts investors to do investment. So I has an important role in bringing of investments.

Leadership in relation to Mission: Leaders are there to provide a direction that plays an
important role in spreading the vision within the organisation that motivates the people working
in an organisation towards effective commitments and give space to innovative ideas which
leads to development of an organisation in a better environment. (Hallinger, 2018)
Management in relation to vision: As mangers are there for the work of management
developing techniques. So they work according to the vision of the company that it helps
management in taking effective decision with relation to organisation.
Evaluation of mangers and leaders by using appropriate model
Scientific management: It is the theory that helps in analysing and synthesizing of work
flow. This theory relates to development of productivity, efficiency and better working of labour.
The main objective of this theory is to improve economical condition. Leaders can apply this to
come out with more efficient ideas that improves the labours productivity. Management can
apply this to improve financial position of an organisation. Within context of Savers professional
leaders and managers leads company to perform all of its task and operations with utilising
proper skills and methods that add more value in organisational productivity.
Bureaucratic model:It deals with the operating of routine task which are achieved
through enhancing rules and regulation that are grouped into functional department. It basically
forms a chain of command (Hamlin, B., 2016). Leader is going to make efficient rules for
completing task and management is going to see that weather they are applied properly or not. In
Savers leadership leads to formation of those ideas that improves the condition of task
performing mechanism and manager helps in seeing that the task is completed smoothly and
rules are applied properly while completing the task of the company.
Open system theory: It deals with the concept of organising and influence over the
organisation. It contains various forces of economic policies of social nature and external
interactions . It also deals with constant volumes that fluctuates the economy of an organisation
and are of eternal natures. In another way it can be explained as the theory that deals with the
factors that influence an economy. Leadership is related to this as they forms rules that required
to be followed to improve the policies of economy. Management is going to check that weather
they are increasing the finances or not as main concern for savers is to cover overall cost of
organisational operations.

Human relation theory: These are those theory that deals with the development of
human resources in an organisation. This involves training and hiring of an employees. It
provides quality staff to the company (Davis and Jones, 2014). It also involves right and duties of
employees. Leadership leads to formation of rules that improves the condition of employees
working. Management is responsible for its proper implementation. This leads to improvident in
the quality of staff as better human resources management increases the possibility of making
more outcome from the staff.
CONCLUSION
In the end by the summarised report it is concluded that there are various task are
performed by management that leads leaders to accomplish their vision in effective manner.
Moreover, both leadership and management are essential part so by managing them with
coordinate approach it is easy to improve overall performance of organisation. With different
theories and principle company is able to hold top position in market. Similarly ethics and value
also play an essential role which leads management to contribute towards success of
organisation. In the last, tools and models are also included in this report which is used to
facilitate and learn essential changes in organisation work.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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(Monographs in Leadership and Management, Volume 8).
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Hamlin, B., 2016. Evidence-based leadership and management development. In Gower
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Surugiu, M.R. and Surugiu, C., 2015. International trade, globalization and economic
interdependence between European countries: implications for businesses and
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Swoboda, B., Berg, B. and Dabija, D.C., 2014. International transfer and perception of retail
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