Management and Leadership: Theories, Motivation, and Impact

This report discusses the key theories and perspectives of leadership and management, analyzes motivation theories and team working principles, examines the effectiveness of management and leadership behavior on the impact of organizational mission and vision, and discusses tools and models for facilitating changes in organizations. The report focuses on Blue Inc., a fashion industry company with retail stores in the UK market.

MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP
OBJECTIVE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Determine the key theories and perspectives of leadership and management.......................3
Analyse and use theory of motivation along with team working principles..........................4
Examine the level to which effective management and leadership can contribute to company
effectiveness within ethics and values framework.................................................................5
Discuss the effectiveness of leadership and management behaviour on impact of organisation
mission and vision:.................................................................................................................6
Discuss the tools and models by which managers and leaders can facilitate changes .........6
CONCLUSION ..............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCE...................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Management and leadership are essential functions that are undertake to manage business
functions in an efficient manner. It comprises several activities such as planning, organizing,
staffing, controlling to achieve organizational objectives (Berger, 2020). The present report
consider Blue Inc. that is in fashion industry and own a chain of various retail stores within UK
market. It has expanded business across the globe. Report renders valuable insights about
concept of management and leadership along with various motivational theories. Along with this,
it lighten up on the impact of manager's behaviour on vision and mission of organization.
Furtherer, it demonstrate various tools and techniques that are undertake by leaders in order to
bring change within company.
MAIN BODY
Determine the key theories and perspectives of leadership and management.
The term leadership is a process of dealing, controlling and managing people in order to
complete allotted task in effective way. In business unit it plays a vital role for influencing other
decision for the accomplishment of organisational goal or objective (Crunk, 2018). In which
management means a corporation in which set of actions are used to perform various functions
such as planning, organising, directing. Controlling and staffing in order to achieve goal of firm.
In context of Blue Inc. corporation they also follow some leadership styles for the effective
execution of management function. For this some of the theories that they use are discussed
below:
Behavioural theory of management: This theory states that managers of firm need to
understand the aspects of human or employee and treat them as an expensive asset of company
for achieving companies goal. In context of Blue Inc. their management team need make more
efforts towards workers for providing some special treatment and feeling in term of security and
safety so that they will able to work with full potential. This will aids both company and
employee in term of growth and success (Whittingham, 2018).
Situational theory: This theory states that, there are various situation arises that demands
for different leadership style that time this theory is useful in order to devise strategies in
effective way. In context of Blue Inc. as they operates their business at various location and a
situation is arise that time they need to shut down their some stores which affects the profit of

company at big scale. At this point the leaders of Blue Inc. use this theory in order to make
effective decision.
Contingency theory: In context of given organisation, they opt this theory as it aids them
in assessing internal and external factors of environment that affects different kind of functions
and situations in company therefore it become very useful for this company in order to evaluate
all situation that affects operation and activities of firm.
Analyse and use theory of motivation along with team working principles.
There are certain theories of motivation such as Maslow hierarchy need theory, Herzberg
two factor theory of motivation etc. is used by an organisation in order to motivate employee for
the betterment of company (Virzi, 2018). In context of chosen company they are more focused
towards fulfilling the needs of employee along with consumers in order to achieve organisational
goal. In which some of the theories are obstinate below:
Maslow hierarchy need theory: This theory is given by proposed by Abraham Maslow in
year 1950. in this it describe about the level of need and desires of each individual all these steps
are discussed below:
Physiological need: This consist the basic need of individual such as food, shelter,
clothes, water which is important to satisfied by an organisation. It comes under primary level of
Maslow need theory. In context of Blue Inc. they always ensures that all employee are satisfied
with this need in order to achieve goal of company.
Safety & Security: This comes after fulfilling the physiological need in which each
employee wants safety and security within company while performing and task or projects. In
relevance to selected organisation, they provides job security along with medial insurance to
their employees for enhancing operational efficiency and profitability of company.
Social need: In order to perform task with effectively it is necessary to work with co-
ordination for this it is important to fulfil social needs. In context of Blue Inc. they make sure to
maintain relationship among employees so that they will able to perform their task with full
potential.
Esteem need: At this stage of need each individual wants status and self respects within
form. In context of selected firm, their managers encourage and rewards the top performers in
order to fulfil this esteem need.

Self actualization need:At this level of need, individual person wants to actualise itself
by assessing the performance. The employee of Blue Inc. evaluate their performance whether
they are able to attend their personal goal or not along with organisational objective within
stipulated time.
Additionally for the development of team, Blue Inc. use Tuckman theory which is
described below:
This theory was given by Bruce Tuckman in year 1965 for the team building in which
each individual is expert in any specific field (Owen, 2017). It includes five steps and all these
are mentioned below in context of chosen firm:
Forming : This is the initial step of team development in which all manger introduce
with their team members as well as assign them role and responsibilities according to their skills
and knowledge.
Storming: Herein team leaders are providing guidance to all team members for finishing
task within given time. It is done by resolving all problem that faces by team members.
Norming: During this step, team leaders start to encourage and appreciate the strength of
all member in order to perform with effectiveness.
Performing: In this , each members of team is more focused towards the performing the
assigned task.
Adjourning: At this point, the team members will think about the enhancement of their
personal skill instead of project as it is already completed.
Examine the level to which effective management and leadership can contribute to company
effectiveness within ethics and values framework.
Behaving ethical within company is the basic thing for mangers in order to perform all
functions and activities in a effective manner. As it helps employee or give them strength to
work with full efficiency. In relevance to chosen organisation they use social corporate
responsibility and other certain factors which are related with the values and ethics models of
firm as all these assist company to manage all operation and function of company as well as in
enhancing the productivity and profitability of corporate. Due to this the image of company will
also rise at marketplace which is beneficial for them. Ethical leadership requires those leader
who are the follower of ethics so that they will be able to carried out all the practices of ethics in
corporation. This will maintain the stability of firm by focusing on important aspects of or

principles of ethics (Darwazeh, 2017). In addition to this, ethical leaders possess different
characteristics that can influence or change the structure of organisational culture as they have
some beliefs and values that affects the attitude and behaviour of employee in the mode which
drives the effectiveness.
Discuss the effectiveness of leadership and management behaviour on impact of organisation
mission and vision:
In every organisation it is the duty of manger and leader to maintain the workforce
environment in order to perform role and responsibilities with full dedications for the achieving
organisational goal. In context of chosen firm, certain functions of mangers is mentioned below:
Conflict management: The behaviour of managers and leader in organisation will
directly affects the conflicts of management. In which leaders follows some rules and strategies
for better execution of projects as well as they opt some changes for the betterment of company
which helps employee to become flexible with changes (Kenner, 2020). This will aids mangers
to remove conflicts within company. In context of chosen firm,they opt some new policies,
which creates conflicts among employee. After all this, it is totally depended on behaviour of
mangers how they will deal with conflicts in order to maintain the workforce environment.
Maintaining organisational culture: It is the responsibility of higher authorities to
maintain the culture of firm. For this they need to behave polite and ethically with their
employees in order to develop healthy and positive environment at workplace. In context of
selected firm they use autocratic leadership style which follows strict structure for the managing
the culture of corporation (MacKie, D., 2017).
It has been observed that there are various function that is performed by managers and
leaders in order to achieve the goal of company with effectiveness. This will aids company
towards successful execution of objective.
Discuss the tools and models by which managers and leaders can facilitate changes
Managers are require to adopt efficient models and tools in order to meet with current
market conditions. It is essential to achieve business goals and ensure long term sustainability of
organisation (Guttenberg, 2017). There are various models that help leaders to bring change in
existing approach of work. That are listed below:
Lewin's change management model

It is an important model that assists managers to understand organizational structure,
process in efficient manner to opt necessary changes for further improvements. In Blue Inc., they
undertakes respective model by applying following stages in order to enhance business
performance:
Unfreeze: At this step leaders of entity communicate with employees regarding future
modifications so that they prepare for changes. It help managers to reduce down the resistance of
work force due to alteration in existing technology.
Change: Management team of Blue Inc. implement changes at this stage. Here proper
communication between superiors and subordinates are essential to create a positive
environment.
Refreeze: This is most crucial step and continue even after the completion of change
management. Under this, managers evaluate performance of employees to ensure that they have
been adopted necessary modifications.
ADKAR change management model
It is model that is used to identify the need of training and development program within
organization (Harrison, 2017). Mangers of Blue chip company adopts this model to minimize
gaps in current process. It comprises following steps:
Awareness: It is imperative to maintain proper communication within company and
proper information to subordinates. At this stage leaders identify need of changes and make
employees aware about the new technologies and tools to minimize conflicts within company.
Desire: Under this step, Mangers encourage work force to adopt new technique.
approaches so that they favour changes rather than resist it. With this, they ensure participation
as well as support from staff members to carry out change management.
Knowledge: It is important to convey necessary information to human resources
regarding the changed approaches, tools so that they can coordinate with evolution. In this step,
leaders of Blue Inc. undertake suitable steps to make employees familiar with new methods to
make efficient utilization of available resources.
Ability: It refers to improve capabilities of workforce to coordinate with evolved
techniques. Mangers of company analyse the performance of staff and provide them appropriate
feedbacks for further improvements.

Reinforcement: It is the last and most crucial stage of ADKAR model. At this, leaders
monitor the work of employees and make sure that they do not return on old approaches. They
also provide various incentives, benefits to staff in order enhance their efficiency.
CONCLUSION
It has been analysed from above discussed report that there are certain function which is
performed by leader and mangers in effective manner in order to achieve organisational goal. For
building a effective team they use Tuckman theory as well as motivational theory to motivate
employees within company. Further more leadership theory is also used by leader for guiding
team members. Apart from this it has been concluded that there are various tool and model that
assist mangers to facilities the changes within firm

REFERENCE
Books & Journal
Berger, L. A., 2020. Talent Management: Handbook. MGH.
Crunk, J., 2018. Examining Tuckman's Team Theory in Non-collocated Software Development
Teams Utilizing Collocated Software Development Methodologies (Doctoral
dissertation, Capella University).
Darwazeh, A. N., 2017. A new revision of the [revised] Bloom's Taxonomy. Distance
Learning. 14(3). pp.13-28.
Guttenberg, J. L., 2017. A Quantitative Study Examining the Effects of Tuckman's Group
Development Model on Service Sector Lean Six Sigma Project Results (Doctoral
dissertation, Northcentral University).
Harrison, R. T., 2017. Leadership, leadership development and all that jazz. Leadership. 13(1),
pp.81-99.
Kenner, J. R., 2020. Musico-relational competencies: Examining the convergence of musical and
relational competencies in improvisational group music therapy for people with
borderline personality disorder (Doctoral dissertation).
MacKie, D., 2017. Positive approaches to leadership development. The Wiley Blackwell
Handbook of the Psychology of Positivity and Strengths–Based Approaches at Work.
Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp.297-316.
Owen, C., 2017. Country Fire Authority establishes an evidence base to guide future leadership
development. Australian Journal of Emergency Management. 24(4). p.14.
Virzi, K., 2018. An examination of global leadership development strategies for multinational
corporations. Journal of Economic Development, Management, IT, Finance, and
Marketing. 10(1). pp.28-39.
Whittingham, M., 2018. Interpersonal theory and group therapy: Validating the social
microcosm. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy. 68(1). pp.93-98.