Comparing Functions and Characteristics of Manager and Leader

This article compares the functions and characteristics of a manager and a leader in different situations. It also discusses the application of various leadership approaches and models in operations management.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................2
Comparing the functions and characteristics of manager and leader..........................................3
Role of a leader and functions of manager in different situations...............................................4
Application of various explanations and models of leadership approach....................................5
Formulation to operations administration and role of manager and leadership...........................6
Operations management objectives to be achieved....................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Management is a process of arranging activities in optimal way to accomplish tasks and
achieve targets with the help of effective organizing, planning, controlling, directing and staffing
functions. Operations management includes utilization of resources with the help of using
material, staff, technology and equipments. It is highly important within the business
organization in order to manage effectively, control and supervise goods, services as well as
people (Perakis, 2020).
The management and the leaders are the biggest asset for the company like Barclays. The
company expands their business in the market area with the help of effective management and
operational activities. The Barclay is the financial service organization which provides funds to
the people of the UK. It is basically a kind of universal bank provides services like wealth
management, banking, credit facilities, etc.
The report will consist the concept of roles and characteristics of manager and leader in
different situational contexts with the help of different approaches and theories. This report also
highlights the thought of various approaches to operations management along with its
importance and value in order to achieve business objectives effectively.
MAIN BODY
Comparing the functions and characteristics of manager and leader
A leader is a candidate who tries their maximum in order to motivate the employees of
the organization to move all of them towards the correct direction. The basic purpose of the
motivation provided by leader to the employees is to enhance the productivity and overall
performance of the candidates working in the company. It is defined as an ability which leads the
overall system and from different staff members (Thomé, 2018). In an organization such as
Barclay, the role of managers and leaders are different at different level in various departments.
Both the leader and manager have different functions which ultimately help the organization to
grow in positive direction along with achievement of customer satisfaction and felicity.
The manager is responsible for managing the work in each and every situation. Manager
shows the correct direction to their employees to walk on and help while increasing objectives
and goals of the company. Manager is a person who is responsible for motivation and
supervising the employees and to provide directions to the organization.

Different roles by manager and leader
Leader Manager
The role of the leader is that to take whole
organization as a whole while doing the tasks
in order to enhance the profitability of the
company as well as to achieve organizational
goals. Each and individual employee has to
work together in a team or group to achieve the
objectives and bring success towards the
company (Johnsson, 2017). The leader has to
take caution about the work that it should be
conducted by the members of the team towards
the right direction and whether the company is
getting any benefit from the activities or not.
The major and basic role of the leader is to
analyse the behaviour of the employees at
different level. Leaders of the Barclay give
guidance to the employees of the organization
to work in proper manner so that the staff
members are able to enhance the business
image in the market and continuous improve at
many stages.
The role of the managers within the
organization is to manage each of the activity
that are ongoing in the workplace and to ensure
the continuation of tasks in the company. The
manager of Barclay had to coordinate with
each individual and also to take care of the
assigned work to the employees of the
institution. Manager is the one who are
responsible to take complete care about the day
to day activities along with the optimum
utilization of resources, activities and many
more. The managers of the Barclay have to
provide direction to their employees in order to
make the activities complete in appropriate
way and within the stipulated time frame. In
banking sector the accountability of time and
cost is highly efficient and required full
concentration and focus of employees. So, in
order to achieve pre-defined goals of business
activities, the Barclay managers ensure to give
their 100% towards the completion of task
efficiently (Dutta, 2017).
The characteristics of the leaders of Barclay's are that they are significantly honest,
confident, creative, motivator, caring, good communicator, good decision maker and highly
committed towards their work. While the manager of the Barclay shows certain characteristics
i.e. empathetic, responsible, having positive attitude, patient, responsible, reliable, specific and
flexible in order to manage the employees of the organization (Strnad, 2019).

Role of a leader and functions of manager in different situations
The role of a leader in organization is to take efficient decisions and provide motivation
to the employees of the company. The decision is being taken after complete analysis of the
market the latest trends and conditions (Bertoncelj, 2019). The administration can go through
numerous situations such as stable, fast and slow. Moreover, there are various leadership styles
that are being applied in the Barclays. In different situations the role of leader and function of
manager are applied differently in the company. Different situations described as:
At the situation of solving issues, Barclay company has its unique way of addressing
problems. In any problem the managers of the company do not interfere directly rather than they
just follow the standard process to resolve any issue (Jeyakumar, 2019). Due to this the approach
of manager towards the issue leads extra time.
On the other hand leader of the Barclay in the same situation involves on personal basis
because the ultimate goal of the leader within the organization is to resolve the issue on priority
basis. They get involved personally in both the external and internal issues that are associated
with the business activities. Personal involvement of leader makes the whole procedure faster
and it further helps in resolution of problems quite sometimes prior to the turning around time
duration.
At the situation of change management in the Barclay, managers never proceed for any
changes if it is not immediate for the betterment of the organization. Managers believe in long
term changes within the business entity (Nétek, 2019). Managers never take risk while
addressing change management on behalf of the Barclay company. Moreover, they are only
involved in conveying the change that are going to be implemented in the company, but they are
not at all involved in conveying the change to be implemented.
On the other hand, leaders plays dominating role every time changes occur in the
company (Zaccaro, 2018). They like to take risk at the time of changes occur in the company.
Leaders of Barclays do believe in long term and short term changes which are in the favour of
the employees and the company as well.
In context of Barclay company, the leaders are using supportive leadership style in order
to form the work efficient. In this style, the employees are being backed up by leadership to
make the work done in appropriate ways. The decision can be taken by the company leaders on
the basis of requirements and perception of the team members which ensures the achievement of

the pre-defined objectives of the Barclay. The tasks and projects within the company has been
divided on the basis of talent and skills of individuals to get the desired outcome which is
ultimately beneficial for the company. There are various changes arises in the internal and
external business environment (Hales, 2019). The internal changes describe the changes within
the company which helps the company in order to enhance the profit share and to sustain their
position in the competitive environment while on the other hand the external changes include the
changes that are not in the control of the company which includes the political, environmental,
social, technological, legal and economic changes. These alterations bring new possibilities for
the business concern in which leaders have to plan accordingly to avoid any risk.
Similarities between roles of leaders and functions of managers in Barclay
Managing and leading are the are two complementary and parallel qualities that are
connected to each other. Disconnecting one from the other are next to impossible within any
organization so as in Barclay as well. Leaders of Barclay inspire and motivate their employees
whereas managers are responsible for planning, organizing and controlling those tasks for which
the leader motivate their employees. Leader motivate their employees in order to set bigger and
long distant target and manager connects all the pieces of the daily puzzle all together.
Leadership roles by the leaders of Barclay has been done in order to getting people to
believe in the vision that has been set for the firm and to work with the employees in order to
achieve those goals while the managers are responsible for administering and make sure about
the daily activities that has been done in order to help in achieving those goals with the proper
combination of leaders as well as managers advices.
Application of various explanations and models of leadership approach
Leaders in the company helps the employees in motivating them after analysing their
needs and demands (Cepel, 2019). However, the leaders also have to take decisions after the
evaluation of external environment as well in order to make the Barclays profits from such kind
of changes. The leadership styles are classified into different categories. The styles that are being
chosen by the Barclay in order to maintain the leadership efficiently within the workplace.
Various styles that are being adopted are:

Situational leadership is a kind of activity in which the leader divides the work activities
according to the skill and talent of individual employee. (Decisions) has been taken by the
leaders of the Barclay after analysing the situations happening within the organization.
With the help of this theory the leaders are able to find out the best answers and able to
face the questioning that are arises within the company in order to fulfil the desires of
employees or solve their issues according to the situations. The leaders give solutions in
different manner to different employee after analysing the issues in detail. There are various
factors available in the industry which can influence the organization negatively (McManus,
2018). For instance if there is any conflict arises in the organization, then the roles and
responsibilities of individual has been changed accordingly. Such kind of decision taken by
leaders helps in solving the conflicts on time and also in completion of project within prescribed
time frame.
Systems leadership has the qualities through which the leaders able to focus directly on
results rather than procedure of completing the task. These types of activities are being planner
earlier and the ultimate results have been matched with the desired outcomes. Barclay is the
largest financial company having various departments and each department have their own goals
and objectives pre-defined by the leaders (Suyono, 2018). It is a group of skills and abilities
than an individual or the whole establishment utilises to enable and support the complete
procedure of system level changes within the organization. System leaders in the Barclay
apply this style of leadership into their working where collection of skills and attributes are
required in order to take large scale actions for system change within the work place.
Contingent leadership is a kind of theory which centring on the assorted situations
originated in the Barclay. Randomly issues have been picked and solutions are being found by
the leaders of the company Barclay (Riaz, 2018). This particular strategy has been used by the
team members of the organization in order to find out different paths to achieve organizational
goals. This leadership style suggests the matching of best leader towards any specific
situation which is based on situational aspect and the leadership style. According to
business leaders within the Barclay, leadership styles has been utilised on the basis of
situations. It is basically a combination of a leader own specific style of working and

leading people along with the requirement of alteration within that style according to the
complete evaluation of the whole situation.
Formulation to operations administration and role of manager and leadership
(Approaches) has been used by the company Barclay in order to realize the business
activity direction in better ways. These approaches assist while examining the state of affairs in
the institution and take actions accordingly. Various kind of approaches are:
Just in time approach is basically focuses on the production method within the
Barclay. With the help of this approach the leader ensure the completion of production
process on time with the completion of set marks. The JIT concept is about on time arrival
of materials when needed and not on time accomplish of task. While the managers assist in
acquiring the outcome which are set earlier via planning (Akhmetshin, 2018). The process
can become just in time with reducing the wastage of resources and with optimum
utilization of resources. In addition, the machines are being taken care to make the
fabrication correct with the desired outcomes or results.
Total quality management is the procedure which helps the leaders and managers at the
time of planning for a long period in order to achieve success. The success helps to sustain the
Barclay for longer period in the market and helps in earning the profit (Walls, 2019). It also
helps in maintaining the quality along with the price of products and services offered by the
Barclay company. The role of leader within the Barclay is to motivate the employees in
order to complete their work within the estimated time duration so that the quality of
products has been sustained while the managers have to ensure the completion of work
according to the leaders delegated work within pre-defined time duration by their
employees along with maintenance of the quality of goods and services offered.
Lean production is the theory which illustrates that this the best method in order to use
within the organization to get desired results or outcome. There are various factors that has been
affects the final outcome. One of the most crucial factor which helps to get the desired outcome
is to reduce wastage and do optimum utilization of resources up to the maximum level or
potential. The managers are responsible for make the employees aware about the efficient and

optimum use of resources and to reduce the wastage (Han, 2018). With the help of this method,
the Barclay improves the productivity of the work and also help the employees to enhance or
improve their skills. The role of leader within Barclay is to provide guidance to their employees
and describe them the ways in which they achieve the situation in which the resources has been
utilized optimally.
Operations management objectives to be achieved
In the Barclay, the value and importance of operations governance are to be appreciated
by the managers and leaders in order to achieve the desired outcomes. In order to accomplish
commercial enterprise objectives, Barclay uses certain measures in order to achieve business
objectives:
Enhancing revenue: The operation administration helps in increasing the magnitude
relation of the profit. Increasing profit helps the organization in expanding the business in
various areas and to capture another segment of the market as well (Shang, 2017). With the
enhancement of profit margin, the Barclay is able to set new targets and effective strategies in
order to achieve them.
Trends in the market: With the continuous enhancement in the trends within the market
space, company have to adopt certain measures which identifies changes continuously in order to
sustain in the competitive world. These changing trends are important to achieve the position and
work in order to attain the same. The Barclay also have to take steps according to these trends
only so that the products and services has been produced in a way which satisfies the desires of
consumers (Basheer, 2019). Moreover, it also resource in holding the employees working within
the company for the longer period.
Resource Utilization helps to achieve customer satisfaction. Companies should use their
resources effectively and efficiently in order to sustain the level of resources for the usage of
future perspective as well. Operations management give more emphasize on the resource
utilization in order to reduce their losses and enhance their benefits while reducing the waste and
to make the maximum benefits for the company.
Customer service is another key element for operations management in order to ensure
customer satisfaction through effective operations' management practices. The Barclays

operations performance objectives mainly gives emphasize on the four aspects such as quality,
cost, dependability and flexibility.
Internal factors of the Barclay company which has impact on managerial decisions
The internal factors impacts the internal environment of the company and
thus completely in control of the business organizations which impact the success for the
business activities. The role of Barclay's leadership is an important internal factor which
affects the organization while taking decisions. The leadership style affects the
organizational culture. Some cultural implications within the Barclay are:
 Value of employees
 The nature of candidates working
 Effectiveness of communication level
Another factor is strengths of employees such as if the employees are motivated, hard-
working and talented. Then the company will able to produce better results as compared
to unmotivated organization.
Innovation also helps the organization to keep up in their working in front of their
competitors. Innovation majorly comes in the form of marketing and their innovative
strategies within the Barclay. Lack of innovative ideas can generate risk for the company.
Financial structure of the company is also acted as one of the internal factor that
does affect the decision-making ability of managers of Barclay. For instance, changes in
interest rates and being overly dependent over one customer could affect the overall
business activities.
External factors includes:
Political and legal changes affects the decisions of the Barclay taken by the managers
and leaders. These alterations are the changes which are made in the logical argument being

obligatory within the organization and impact the preparation that is being done in the Barclay
(Abutabenjeh, 2017). At this time, the leaders has the role to predict the future changes and
managers fulfil its roles by managing and arranging the resources. Political factor that impact
Barclay is that it affects its constancy and significance of foreign money centre banks sector
within the country’s economy.
Economic status is a factor in which resources of Barclay help the leaders and managers
in order to make correct plan of actions and to business towards the proper direction (Wolniak,
2019). The determination accompanying to the cost of the product and services offered by them
to their customers and the investments done in Barclays are being affected by the profit and cash
flows within the company. It highly affects the inflation rate, interest rate, saving rate, foreign
exchange rate along with economic cycle that determines the collective demand and combined
investment within the economy.
Environmental factor does affect the resources of the company within the Barclay are
their manlike beginnings and production material. These resources are organized and managed in
proper way in order to take its appropriate usage and to take the correct decision. The
productivity and performance of the employees affect the operational management and decision
within the Barclay which ultimately does not affect the environmental surroundings in bad
manner. Before entering into new market, Barclay effectively evaluate the environment factors
which highly affect the firm such as weather, recycling abilities, air and water pollution rules and
regulations, laws regulations related to environment, attitude towards renewable energy and
many others.
Social trends also act as a factor as these trends are the ones that has to be analysed in the
market properly and helps in evaluation of the desires of the consumers and the organization as
well. The market trend if analysed properly bring success in the company and also acts vice-a-
versa (Wolniak, 2019). Society’s culture and the methods of doing things impact the overall
culture of Barclay in highly appropriate manner in an environment. In such way barclay’s
company is abke to understand their consumers from given market and they design the marketing
messages for foreign money centre banks industry customers.
Technical changes arises within the outer environment on each new day. These changes
has been adoptive by Barclay at the time when the leadership and administrators predict the
changes that needs to be occurred within the company and at the time of development of plan for

the future terms (Kaiser, 2018). Barclay did various technological enhancements in order to
promote this factor as the technology highly affects on the products that has been offered by
them within the society. It also impact on value chain structure in the financial sector.
Stakeholder includes consumers, providers, capitalist, etc. The investors are the persons
who did investment in only when they get craved outcome in terms of coveted involvement and
profit to be earned.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that the company Barclay uses centralized
organizational structure in order to distribute the tasks and power among the employees of the
institution. The power is divided among the staff members according to the roles and
responsibilities of individuals. The roles of leaders and functions of managers are being
described within this report is through the different theories and models which are utilized in the
system Barclay. The importance of operations management has been effectively analysed within
the company. With the efficient theories, approaches, values and models of operational
management, correct decisions are taken by the leaders and managers of the Barclay which
ultimately helps in enhancement of profits. And due to the correct decisions taken by them the
company is able to grow well and earn maximum profit. Finally, with the completion of report it
has been analysed that the relationship between leaders and managers affects the business
internal environment. Also, there are various factors which also affects the decision-making
behaviour of the leaders and managers along with the operational management activities.

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