Role and Characteristics of Leader and Manager in Management and Operations

This document discusses the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers in the field of management and operations. It compares their roles and functions, explores their application in different situational contexts such as strategy formation and conflict management, and discusses different theories and models in this field. The document also provides insights into the importance and value of operations management.

Management and operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Define and compare the different role and characteristics of leader and Manager. ..............1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Role of leader and function of manager apply in different situational context. ....................3
Strategy formation.......................................................................................................................4
P3. Different theories and models of approach............................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Key approaches to operation management and the role that leader and Manager play. .......8
P5. The importance and value of operations management........................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P6. The factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management.. 11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Management and operation is the process of planning, organizing, controlling,
redesigning and supervising the production process which helps to business for achieve the
objective in order to increase the profitability of the company. Its helps to increase the
production by redesigning the goods and service that helps to increase demand of the product,
the to achieve the goal of the company. For better understanding the management and operation,
taken the 'booths plc' it is the chain of high and supermarket, company provides the variety of
product they deal in Food, beverage & tobacco retailing. The report will describe the roles and
responsibility of the leaders and Managers also report will describe the comparison between
leader and manager. The report will give outline about the different role of leader and function of
manager apply in different situational context such as conflict management and strategic
formation. Further report will describe the different approaches to operation management (Li,
Meng, and Jing, 2017). Also, describe the different leadership style which booths plc follows in
their business. The factors within the business environment that impact upon operational
management. The report will describe the importance of the operation management in addition,
study is lay about the different theories and models. Further report will describe the different
factor that impact on the business environment.
TASK 1
P1 Define and compare the different role and characteristics of leader and Manager.
Manager
Manager is the person who mange all the task of different departments. Manager can
control all the departments and provided the guidance to the employee. Manager must take the
decision and make plan to achieve the task of the company (Kumar,2015). Manager is the
person who take responsibility of managing the resources, people, plat, machinery in the
organization which helps to increase the production of the company. Manager can manage all
the operations regarding the process of production, employees training, reduce conflicts, increase
profitability. They control the organization and group of people. Manager have authority to
recruit the employee also fire the employees
Leader
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Leader is the person who mange the group of people by providing training and increase
motivation among employees, so employee will increase their efficiency of work by motivation
and training. Leader can influence the people towards complete the goal of the company.
Leadership is the tool to mange the people by follow the rules and regulations of the company.
Leader helps company for making the different strategy to achieve the objective and goal of the
company by use the different qualities such as motivating the people, making teams, innovation,
developing and maintain the trust among the employees etc.
Basis Leader Manager
Meaning Leader is the person who
influences the people towards
the achievements of objective
and goal of the booths Plc.
Manager is the person who
manages the all activity of the
company to increase the
profitability of the booths plc.
Decision making The leader of the 'booths plc'
take responsibility to make the
decision successfully in the
team. And implements the
decision in the team for
improvement purpose (Li,
Meng, and Jing, 2017).
Manager of the 'boots plc' have
authority to implement the
decision in the organizational
and team of groups. They
allocate the resources and
manage schedules to reduce
conflicts.
Problem solving A leader of the booths plc can
solve the problem among the
groups. They gather the
information and establish the
facts. They solve the problem
of employees of the boots plc.
Manager can solve the
problem by making the plan,
policies, So that helps to
reduce the conflict among
employees of booths plc.
Because of create planing for
solving the problem.
Time management Leader of the booths plc has
managed the time according to
the priorities of work. They
Manager of the booths plc has
manged the timeRole of leader
and function of manager apply
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follow the rules and regulation
of the boots plc. They ensure
that they always deliver the
work on time and make
solution for better time
management.
in different situational context.
According to the projects
schedule. They make solution
according to the priorities of
work. So manager help to
booths plc for increase the
profitability.
Influencing Leader of the booths plc have
ability to influence the people
by build the trust among
employees. So employees of
the booths plc understand the
leader. So employees follow
and listen the order of leader.
Manager of the boots plc have
authority to organize people in
the work place. They mange
the employees' expectation by
providing the benefits such as
promotions, bonus, incentives
etc.
Aim The main aim of the leader is
the improving and developing
the quality of work among the
employees of booths plc.
The main of the Role of leader
and function of manager apply
in different situational context.
Manager is that they focus on
achieving the goal of the
company and achieve the best
and required results of the
booths plc.
Conflict mange Leader of the boots plc mange
the conflict among the
employee. They understand
the employees and make
solution's for reducing the
conflicts
Manager has usually avoided
the conflicts. But the manager
of the booths plc understand
the employees and helps to
employee for increase the
efficiency of work.
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TASK 2
P2 Role of leader and function of manager apply in different situational context.
Situation 1
Strategy formation
Strategic formation is the tool to manage the organization by implement the different
strategy in the booths plc. This is the process that provides the framework of the booths plc.
Company is the best approaches for achieve the organizational goal. So basally strategic
formation is very important for every organization that helps to completer the particulate task of
the company (Kumar, 2015).
Leader role
The Role of leader in strategy formation is the most important, Because leader can make
the decisions according to the new strategy. Leader makes the decision in order to achieve the
mission and vision of the company. Leader uses the different strategy for encourage the
employees of the booths plc. These different strategy helps to motivate the employees for
increase the production as well increase the sales of the company. The leader can tries to change
the mindset of people so leader will use the process of strategy formation. Leaders should use the
best approach to identify the gaps of strategy. so that leader of the 'booths plc' formulated the
strategy (Rashmi, and Sangve, 2015). For formulating the strategy leader preform the various
roles for example leader of the booths plc make the strategy for changing the environment so
firstly they create the teams and then identify the vision, and make the strategy according to the
vision and then evaluate the strategy in every department of the booths plc, at the last implement
the strategy in the teams.
Manager role
Manager role for strategy formation is the most important. The Manager of the booths plc
has the owner of the strategy formulation in groups of teams and departments. Manager serves
the strategy in a different department to increase the level of the company. A manager makes the
strategy to improves the quality of work in the boots plc. Manager takes decisions related to the
strategy formulation its describe as, set the objectives of the company and evaluating, simulating,
integrating, coordinating and implementing the strategy in the different departments of the
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booths plc. That helps to increase the production as well increase the future growth of the
company (Vo, and Nguyen, 2018).
Situation 2
Conflict management
Conflict management is the process of reducing the negative impact while increase the
positive impact of the conflict in the booths plc. The main aim of conflict management is that
enhancing the performance of the employee by improving and providing the tar inning. Conflict
management helps to booths plc for enhance the growth among the employee which helps to
increase the profitability of the booths plc.
Leader role
Leader role towards the conflict managements is the most important, because leader
understand the employees and they help employees in every situation, they mange the people
equally in the booths plc. Leader can use many strategies for reduce the conflict in the work
place. Such as collaboration, compromising, Accommodating, these all strategy helps to leader
for reduce the conflict among the employees.
Manager role
Manager function in the conflict management is that this is the key role of manager that
they reduce the conflict among employees. Manager makes sure that the environment of work
place is run smoothly and employees are happy for working together with the coordination also
they make sure that the work is free from conflict. For reduce the conflict manager organize the
farewell party which helps to improve the good relationship among employees(Rashmi, and
Sangve, 2015). When the conflict and other problem arises in the work place, it can reduce the
productivity of the booths plc, also reduce the profitability. Conflict can destroy the people
relationship and damage the morale of the employees.
P3. Different theories and models of approach
Situational Leadership
Situational leadership is developed by Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey. The situational
leadership style change continuously to meet the needs of the organization based on the situation.
In situational leadership style leader or manager adjust his style to fit in the development level.
The leaders and managers change their style as per the follower's suitability (Alavi, 2016.).
It consists the following situations and features -
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Telling and directing
In Telling and directing leader of the organization informs others about the organization
decisions. This leadership style also referred as micro – management because the leader is very
much involved in organization decisions and it supervises the employees very closely.
Selling and Coaching
In selling and Coaching the leader are involved in day to day management operations. The
decisions of the organization are lie in the hands of the leader the employees input doesn't matter
for the leader (Zhao and Liu, 2016). The leaders give coaching to their employees. This
leadership style works effectively where people are inexperienced and still learning.
Participating and Supporting
In participating and supporting leadership style the leader listen the opinion of the employees and
followers too. The employees and followers participate effectively in the decision making of the
organization (Jayakumar, 2015.). The leader tends to support the employees to share their
innovative ideas or their own perspective regarding to important decision making of the
organization. The leaders listen what the employees want to convey.
Delegating the responsibility
The leader delegates the role and responsibility to the employees on individual basis. The leader
give responsibility to the employees for accomplishing the tasks and duties within the allotted
time duration. The leader guide and direct the followers and the employees about how to perform
and complete a particular task.
Considering development level
The development level of followers or employees determines by the situational leadership style
of the leader. Blanchard and Hersey developed a matrix that can help a leader to have an idea on
what type of leadership style they need to follow based on the employee development level.
Situational leadership in Booths plc
The Situational leadership works as a framework in Booths plc it helps the leaders to match their
behavior with the performance needs of the Employees in Booths plc. The leader analysis the
employee's performance by evaluating its behavior in the Booths plc. The leader guide and direct
the employees based on its performance (Chauvin, 2015). The leader commands the employees
to perform a particular task. The leader takes the decision on the basis of the situational analysis
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in Booths plc. On the basis of situational analysis it uses the leadership style to control the
employees in Booths plc.
Systems Leadership
The Systems leadership style is developed by the Dr Ian MacDonald. This leadership style
enables the leaders to create the environment where people can work productively and uses their
full potential and skills at the workplace. The Systems leadership is based on the human behavior
in order to create model of good leadership. It helps leaders to predict employees and followers
behavior in the organization.
Systems Leadership in Booths plc
The Booths plc follows Systems leadership style in which leader create supportive conditions for
the employees and followers through which employees work effectively and in efficient manner
in Booths plc. The Systems leadership facilitates the leaders to work in the integrated manner in
Booths plc. This Systems leadership supports the team working in Booths plc. The leadership
derives accountability in Booths plc. The leader of Booths plc use appropriate management
styles to tackle their team members and getting things done in Booths plc. The Leader give
training to the employees in order to accomplished task on timely basis.
Contingency theory
The Contingency Theory is developed by Fred Fiedler. The theory focused on the concept that
there is no best way to mange an organization. Contingency Theory says that leader must be
identify which management style will help the organization to grow. Fielder Contingency Theory
believes that there are many internal and external factors that influence the optimum
organization. It includes factors like technology, leadership style and organizational strategy.
According to the Fiedler the technique of management depends upon the complexity of the
situation.
Contingency Theory in Booths plc
The Contingency theory helps the Booths plc to access the effectiveness of the employees. In
Contingency theory the leader identifies that which management style will be helpful for the
employee to grow in Booths plc. The Contingency theory facilitates the managers and leaders of
the Booths plc to work with efficiency. The Managers and leaders encourage and motivates the
employees to perform better in the Booths plc. The manager and leaders actions reflect the
culture, commitment to employee safety in Booths plc. The managers and leaders resolves the
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problems like conflicts and disputes among the employees of the Booths plc to lead Company's
towards profitability.
Leadership Style
Autocratic leadership style – In Autocratic leadership style the leader use its power and
authority to tackle the employees. In this leadership style the leader make decision without
involving employees into it. In this leadership style employees tends to lose their creativity
because they didn't get the opportunity to share their ideas with the management (Sanguansri,
2016). The Employees feel dissatisfy because they are not involved in the important decision
making of the organization.
Democratic leadership style – In democratic leadership style employees actively participates in
the decision making of the organization. They show participative behavior in the Organization
and leaders also supports and listen the view point of the employees. The Employees can freely
share their perspective and creative ideas with the management.
Strategic leadership style – In strategic leadership style the leader has an ability to influence the
others in the organization. The leader has potential to lead their team. The leader tend to show
capabilities in order to express a strategic vision in the organization. This leadership style
supports in training and development of the employees.
Transformational leadership style – In transformation leadership style the leader supports the
transformed work culture where employees brings something new in the organization. The
Transformational leadership style the employees works for the better change which leads the
organization towards the profitability. The leader direct and gives training to the employees in
order to adopt the change like by introducing new technology in the organization.
The Booths plc follows democratic leadership style in their organization. The Employees
freely share their thoughts and creative ideas with the management. The leaders also supports
and listen their innovative ideas. The employees show participative behavior in the decision
making of the Booths plc. The employees and managers are highly involved in the decision
making of the Booths plc. The leader and managers of Booth plc supports and encourage the
employees to perform better in order to increase the productivity of Booths plc. The leader and
managers motivates the employees to work in efficient and effective manner in Booths plc.
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TASK 3
P4 Key approaches to operation management and the role that leader and Manager play.
Total quality management
Total quality management is the approach to increase the productivity and sales of the
booths plc. The manager of the booths plc use this approach to improve the external or internal
process of the company. Total quality management is help to increase the production process
which increase the customer satisfactions. This approach help to manager of the booths plc for
decrees the cost of production related to the production process which leads to loyalty of
customer. This process is increasing the quality in the product which means customer is more
attract towards the product of the booths plc, because company will increase the quality of
products (Li, Meng, and Jing, . 2017).
Just in time
Just in time is the strategy that manage the inventory system in the booths plc. Manager
of the booths plc use this method in their business to mange the inventory to increase the
production and reduce the waste by use the sufficient goods as they need for process of
production This method is helps to manager for reducing he cost of production, also require for
predict the demand of product and accuracy demand of raw materials.
Capacity management
Capacity management is the process of mange the information among the company by us
the technology. Manager use this method to mange the technology for protect the data of the
boots plc. In the capacity management there are three sub points.
Business capacity management
Business capacity management is helps to run the business for increase the motivation
among the employees. Manager can motivate the employee by provide training. Also provide
benefits to the employee such as bonus, promotion, incentive, insurance etc. these all benefits
encourage the employee for increase the efficiency of work. Also, increase the production of the
booths plc.
Service capacity management
Service capacity management is helps to improve the service in the online platforms.
Booths plc can expand their business in the online platforms, so company can improve their
quality of product, they sale their product in the online platforms. So they will launch their own
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website so customer can easily connect with these websites, booths plc always improve their
service they provide the best service to their customer, also provide the after sale service to
increase the demand of the product as well increase the sales that helps to increase the
profitability of the company (Song, and Huang, 2018).
Component capacity management
Component capacity management helps to company for improving the technology of the
booths plc. This method is focus on the different technology that company use for increase the
performance of the business. Component capacity management helps to company for securing
the data of the company, these methods helps to increase the capacity by using the different IT
services in their business. It provides the different benefits to the company such as increase the
productivity, satisfied the customer, increase market share etc.
P5. The importance and value of operations management
Operation Management – Operation management refers to the process of planning, Organizing,
Controlling, managing and supervising in order to achieve business goals and objectives. The
operation management helps the organization to run the business operations smoothly and in
efficient manner. The operation management obliged the managers of the organization to
conduct daily activities seamlessly. The operation management helps to improve the overall
productivity of the Organization. The operation's management controls the resources and
effectively manage the various attributes of the operation such as equipment, machinery and
technology.
The importance of operation management in Booths plc
The operation manager of Booths plc insures that business resources used in the best possible
manner to increase the overall productivity of the Booths plc. The operation management helpful
in managing resources like labor, raw material and business finance of Booths plc. The
Operation management facilitates the manager to ensure the timely delivery of the products to
the customer’s in Booths plc. Operation management maintain the coordination among the
various department of Booths plc that reduce the chances of the misconduct of the management
in Booths plc. The Booths plc follows proper plan under the operation management. Proper
planning helps the Company to achieve the desired results on time which leads the Company
towards the profitability. Operation management helps the production and manufacturing
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function of Booths plc by managing the supply chain to deliver raw material on timely basis. The
operation management helps the Booths plc in inventory management.
Key benefits of operations management in Booths plc
 The operation management helps to increase the product quality of Booths plc. The
operation management enables the products and service enhancement. The operation
management facilitates the employees of Booths plc to work with reliability and
durability.
 The operation management leads towards customer's satisfaction in Booths plc.
Operation management ensure the quality management in order to meet the customers
needs.
 The operation management helps to increase the revenue of Booths plc. By increasing the
product quality it will lead to increase the sales of Booths plc.
 The operation management helps the Booths plc to reduce the food wastage in production
and manufacturing process of Booths products.
TASK 4
P6. The factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management.
Conflicts and Disputes Management
Conflict management refers to the process of limiting the negative aspects of conflicts by
creating the positive ones. The conflict management aims at resolving the reason of conflict and
dispute in real time. The Conflicts and disputes leads towards the dissatisfaction among the
employees. The Conflict and dispute among the employees impact the decision making of
leaders and managers of the Booths plc.
Impact upon decision making of leaders and managers
The leaders and managers resolve the conflicts among the employees of Booths plc by 4 types -
Accommodating – The leaders and managers listen the employees problems and the reason of
the dispute and conflict and try to resolve it by peace. In this type of conflict management the
leader and mangers put equal emphasis in both the parties and find a mid way to resolve the
issue.
Avoiding – The leader and managers completely avoid the conflict in this type of conflict
management. The leader and managers thinks and finds that the reason of the conflict is not
much important from the management perspective and it will no affect the Booths plc.
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Compromising – In this type of conflict management style the leader and manager provide
solution to the conflict by partially pleasing both the parties. They partially satisfy the needs of
the parties. In this type of conflict management one party needs to suffer.
Collaborating – In this type of conflict management the leaders and managers attempts to find a
solution in order to resolve the conflict. The leaders and mangers finds a middle solution to
completely destroy the reason of the Conflict they go to the depth.
Technological Change
Technological changes influence the managerial decisions of Booths plc. Technological change
is necessary to lead Booths plc towards the profitability. By doing technological up-gradation the
management efficiency increases (Acar-Ciftci, 2016.). Through upgraded technology the
assigned tasks are accomplished in less time. In order to adopt the technological changes the
organization put emphasis on planning and decision making of Managers and leaders of the
Booths plc.
Impact upon decision making of leaders and managers
The leaders and managers needs to give training to the employees in order to introduce
Employees with the upgraded technology. The leaders and managers of the Booth plc gives
training by conducting digital session and by conducting induction programs. The training is
given to the employees of Booths plc so that the employees get well versed with the new
technology. In training the Managers and leaders provide direction to the employees in order to
operate and use the advanced technology properly.
CONCLUSION
The Conclusion is being drawn from the above project report is that the mangers and
leaders plays important and crucial role to drive the Booths plc towards the success. It is been
concluded from the above project report that effective operational management facilitates the
Booths plc in smooth working and helps in maintaining synchronizing between its various
departments. It is been concluded that leaders use their various leadership styles in order to
control the employees and getting this done from them in real time.
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