Comprehensive Analysis of Seabird-Fishery Interactions

The provided document appears to be a collection of research papers and studies on seabird-fishery interactions in the US Northeast and mid-Atlantic regions. The papers cover topics such as the impact of fishing gear on seabirds, the role of seabirds in marine ecosystems, and the use of life cycle assessment (LCA) for municipal solid waste management systems. Other papers explore supply chain management, vendor-buyer relationships, and collaborative scheduling in cloud platforms. The document also includes studies on commitment analysis in religion ministries, fund management strategies, and practical work experience and learning resources. Overall, this assignment provides a comprehensive look at various topics related to seabird-fishery interactions and other research areas.

Management and
operational

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Comparing different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager.......................1
P2. Role of leader and the function of a manager in the Toyota............................................3
P3 Different theories and approach, including situational leadership, System leadership and
contingency.............................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P4 Different approaches of operational management and role of manager and leader..........5
P5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives.......7
P6 Factors affect the business environment an impact on the operational management and
taking a right decision by manager and leader ......................................................................9
CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management is an important skill for organization to develop their business
knowledge for growth and development. Leadership quality is essential for each and every
organization because an efficient leader is always managing the business activities A good leader is
always influences to other people to give their best work for development and they can be achieved
their desired goals and targets. Toyota is a leading organization to expanding their business in all
over the world.
This organization is uses important theories to manage the leadership style and their specific
operations of Toyota. This report is included different functions of leader and management in this
organization. Leaders are connected with other team member to maintain their relationship between
them. This report will determine the role and responsibilities of leaders and manager in the firm.
Toyota is a fast growing organization to manage their production and improve the quality of product
in market.
TASK 1
P1. Comparing different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager
Leader and manager; both are important parts of organization to maintain the relationship
with employees. They play an important role in the organization. There are different roles and
responsibilities of leaders and managers towards the organization described as below:
Manager- Manager is playing an important role to perform a function for the growth and
development. It will manage business operations to design an effective structure for improving the
brand value in marketplace. Each and every organization has unique pre- determined objectives and
goals of the organization. Manager is develop business strategy and planning to provide the services
to their employee. They are mainly focused on performing different functions but managing all
activities in effectively and efficiently (Yang and et.al., 2017). They would maintain different
functions in all the departments. They are always concerned about the performance and then give
rewards according to the capabilities of people. The manager is concerned about the appraisal and
performance.
Leaders- Leader motivates employees to achieve their goals and targets effectively and
efficiently. They have leadership quality to manage the business processes and operations. They
always try to achieving their goals and targets. Communication skill is an important quality in leader
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to interact with other employees and identify the capabilities of people. The main objective of
leaders is to provide important information to their employees and it also determines capabilities of
employee. A good leader provides the important details regarding the new products and business
strategy, planning, etc. In this way, the employee will increase their profitability and productivity in
marketplace.
Manager
 Manager is essential part of organization
that would be implementing a new strategy
and planning for growth and development.
 They are interacted with the other
employees and the leader. It also measures
the policies. Conditions etc (Ridwan and
Murni, 2017).
 They are provides the right information
related the business and approaches.
 They can be making a new idea for growth
and development.
 Manager is focus on the productivity and
profitability of organization and time to
time, it gives many opportunities to
employee to share their opinion as well as
ideas.
 This is important person to interacted to
other employee and people.
Leader
 Leadership is very important quality
in which it develops an effective plan
by manager.
 Leader is always communicated with
their team member to provide the
idea and innovation plans for growth
and development.
 It provides the right direction to team
member (Majumde and Sarkar,
2017).
 It is play an important role
implementing an idea for innovation
and development.
 They are mainly focused on the
employee and their development.
 They are inspired and motivated to
other people to achieve their goals
and targets.
Toyota is a Japanese company that would be dealing with the auto mobile part in the market
and they would be manufacture an effective design for customer and their comforts. The
management of Toyota is efficient to plan a new strategy for growth and development. The manager
of Toyota is performing different tasks to provide information related to development and
achievement. They are playing an important role and measure the capabilities of employees.
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Manager and leader of Toyota is establishing an effective business in all over the world. They have
an efficient ability to achieve their goals and tasks.
P2. Role of leader and the function of a manager in the Toyota
The role of leader and function of manager is correlated to each other because manager and
leader are both try to achieve their objective for growth and development. They move from one
direction to fulfil their objectives. There are various types of functions of manager that has
leadership skills in Toyota to helpful for establishing the business in all over the world. Toyota is a
leading organization but faces so many challenging tasks such as fuel price, increasing equipment
and material, etc. Leadership is an effective quality to implement an innovative idea and perform
different functions for development (Ailong and Qizhi, 2017). They can plan a new strategy that can
be reduce the manufacture cost of the products.
There are various types of theories applicable in Toyota to increase their production in
market and implement a new idea for development. Toyota is mainly focused on management and
their operations that would be handled by the manager.
Functions of manager:
 Making an effective strategy- Manager is playing important role to identifying the
requirement of business and operations and then according to the need, they can be making
an effective strategy and planning such as deals with the best supplier to provide a good raw
material in very low price.
 Specific goals achieved- the manger of Toyota to fixed some goals and objective and
identifying the performance of employee in proper ways. It will always try to do their for
development and improve the quality of production in marketplace.
 Effective skills- manage of Toyota has special quality of skill to motivated their employee
and provide the information related growth and development. This is important person to
discuss about the growth and taking opinion to employee.
Role of Leader:
 Adopt technology- Leader has unique quality to always focused on their task and
operations. They adopted a new technology for increasing their profitability and proactivity
in marketplace. An advancement of technology, the market value has been change and
manufacturing the product in low cost.
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 Communication skill- A leader has a good communication skill to directly interacted with
other employee to understand the requirement of people. With the help of this skill, it can be
enhance their skill to improve their quality. This is very important skill for each and every
organization to increasing their productivity (Melander and Puthalath, 2018).
 Change the opinion- Leader is very important role in Toyota to influence their worker to
change their opinion regarding the marketing strategy and fulfil the requirement of business.
For Example- Manager and Leader at Toyota organization is a leading manufacturing company. In
Toyota manager is planning an effective strategy for employee and also providing the best training
to their employee. In critical situation, Manager performs different tasks such as provide training
and development, determine business need.
Role of leader in organizational culture:
Leader always influences the employee towards their goals and they also communicate with other
employee to build an effective relationship among them. Leader can determine the negative people
and mange their attitude towards the Toyota.
Role of manager in Financial crisis:
Manager is person that handle the entire organization in effective manner. They communicate with
the other departments to determine the actual profit and loss of company. Manager also determine
the financial condition in different levels.
Brexit influence the Toyota
After Brexit, Toyota suddenly start the manufacturing the product in UK and it impacts on
their production. In this way, delay in electric car in marketplace due to the Brexit. Toyota also close
its Derbyshire plant and there 2, 600 employee future is uncertain.
P3 Different theories and approach, including situational leadership, System leadership and
contingency
There are various type of theories applicable in business process to planning a new strategy
for growth and development. These models are affect the operations of Toyota that would be handle
by the manager.
 Situational Leadership- situational leadership is technique or process that could be
generating at time of business development according to requirement leader adopt the
situational leader according to situations. This leadership has depended upon the quality of
capabilities and skills of worker in which a leader has always tried to influence and motivate
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the employee to achieve their goals. Every leader can be handle the situations according to
their own way and that would be affecting the operational management of Toyota (ING,
X2014). At modern technology is uses all organization that faces challenging issues in
operations such as high cost of product, increase demand etc. this is very important
leadership skill in organization to achieving their task.
Application:- In Toyota, situational leadership applicable in this organization for motivating to
employee, change the market value etc. This leadership is applicable for managing the business
process according to the situations.
 System Leadership- System leader is the power that hold the entire business process and it
uses the principles of human behaviour to create model of leadership. this is very essential
part of Toyota while leader always control the employee and their task because accoutring to
the requirement of business strategy, it would be allocated that work some times, it is
required to Chang the style of working and operations. It can implement a new idea to fulfil
the requirement of organization that would be beneficial for growth and development
(Hatch, 2018). The employee can be improve the quality of working and improve the
performance of manufacture.
Application:- System leadership is a process for managing the entire business process in proper
manner. With the help of this theory, manager propose new style of range and this style changed
according to market trend.
 Contingency leadership- A contingency theory is based on the organization theory to
manage the business operations and functions. This is an effective leadership quality to
matching all the situations for organizations. It can be emphasizes the importance of
situation of leader and personality of leader that would be coordinating to other people. They
are deals with the other people to provide an effective information. It motivated to employee
for development and maintain the relationship with other employee.
Application: This theory is basically designed for group situations in the business settings. Manager
style interact with the groups and team build a good relationship among them.
TASK 2
P4 Different approaches of operational management and role of manager and leader
Toyota is very fast growing organization that would be distributed their business roles and
responsibilities, duties etc. Operational management is very important part of organization to
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performing a various task to increasing their productivity in marketplace. Toyota is uses different
strategies and planning in the form of theories to performed an efficient task by employees. It can
be increases the level of competitions. There are many types of theories are discussed in given
below:
 Six sigma- Six sigma is method or process yo improve the capability of the business
activities. Toyota is a leading brand that uses different techniques to managing the whole
business environment. It will analyse the need of business as well as performance of
employee. These theories are very important to finding the actual cause in business
operations and defect in particular product that are available in market. They can be use an
effective tool to minimizing the defect in product (.Mukrodi, 2018). This is very important
part of organization using these theories to maintain the functionality and process of
operations.
There are some important principles applicable for business operations and management
as discussed in given below:
1. This theory is mainly focused on to identifying the requirement of customer and planning a new
strategy for growth and development.
2. Toyota is mainly identifying the operations and task of business process that would be beneficial
for development.
3. This organization is managing the whole business process and improving the performance of
employee.
4. This theory is reducing the fact and variation in business activities.
 Lean theory- it is systematic method for reducing the waste with in the manufacturing
system without losing the productivity and profitability. The Toyota is uses this theory to
increasing the profitability and productivity in marketplace. This theory is applicable in first
time in Toyota to increases the efficiency and it will improve the performance (Sudiarta,
2018). It is mainly focused to remove the waste product in the resources. In this way, the
organization is utilising the waste product and time, resources. This theory is applicable to
remove the waste material. They have an effective staff and team to managing the over all
performance and improve the quality of product in marketplace.
Queuing theory- this theory is basically measured the mathematical approaches to analyse the
delay time waiting time in development process. This is very helpful for finding the actual waiting
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time of element that would be included in arrival process and services process, number of customer
and servers, places etc. The Toyota is always used this theory to increasing their performance in
market to achieve their goals and objectives.
Effective roles of Manager and Leader
 Role of Manager- Manager is very important person to handle the critical situations in very
effective ways. This will mange the business operations, control and supervise the planning
while different type of work has to be done by manager. It is essential part to identify the
business requirement and element. It can be performing various task and functions in
describe in given below:
1. It can be conducting a various type of task and provide many opportunities to employee.
2. They fix some goals and targets to achieve effectively and efficiently.
3. It always motivates to other people.
4. Develop a new strategy and planning for growth and development
 Role of Leader- A leader is talented person to handle the team member ans provide the
information related their goals an objective. They provide the helps for other team member
and identifying the capabilities of each and every employee (Majumder and Sarkar, 2017).
They are always plans according to customer and then fix a specific goal to move in a right
direction. A leadership quality is acquired the specific skills to interacted with other people
in proper manner. They have an effective communication skill to easily understand the need
of client that would be helpful for organization while Toyota is hire those people who has
capabilities to achieving their goals and targets effectively and efficiently. They have
efficient leaders that would be managing the business process and operations in effective
manner.
P5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives
The operation's management is play important role in the Toyota that has some specific goals
and targets. It is an automobile organization that has proper management system that would be
control by manager. It will handle the critical situation in effective ways because this organization
recruit talented people has some capabilities and skill to improve the quality of services. Operational
management is essential part of every business that handle the entire process and task in this
organization. They are mainly focused on business strategy and planning to increase their
productivity in marketplace (Popiţa and Popovic, 2017). They managing the staff member, handle
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all situations effectively and efficiently. There are various importance in the business operations and
with the help of this importance, they can be increasing their profitability. There are some
importance and roles of operations management in Toyota as follows:
 Control- This is very essential benefits for organization to control their business activities
and process. It can be control the risk in the process and reduce the power of obstructions.
There are many types of obstruction in business process but the management operations is
very important power that would be resolve the problem of employee, product,
manufacturing etc. Further, they are creating an effective documentation to represented the
whole business process is managed and identify the best factor that can be control the
business process.
 Capacity management- In Toyota, they have many departments and also has different roles
in the task for each employee. In this way, they achieve their goals and objective, The
business operations handle in very effectively. It can be utilities the management process to
achieve their objectives. They use different techniques to easily completed the task in proper
ways. Most of the organization is uses this technique because it is very helpful for growth
and development. Toyota is achieving their goals by this business strategy.
 Process design- Toyota is making an effective design that would be helping for client to
understand the approaches of organization and it is very helpful for business environment
that managing the process effectively and efficiently (Widiastuti and Indrawan, 2016.).
These design can be represented in the form of chart and diagram to shown in proper ways.
 Distribution- Manager is play important role in business management because they can be
handle the situations in effective ways. They are always interacted with other employee to
maintain an effective relationship. Toyota has those mangers to control the whole business
process in proper way in which they have ability to handle in perfect way. This type of
activities is useful to provide the accurate results and distributed their work
 Teach to other employee- This is important role of management to provide the correct
information and it can be teach the entire business process effectively. On other hand, the
employee gain the information and knowledges through operational management. It provides
many learning techniques to transfer the information from one company to another.
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Importance and role of operational functions:
 Marketing- Marketing is the best process for promotion their product in global marketplace.
In Toyota, this company will create an effective marketing that help for managing the entire
business process in effective manner. The main role of marketing team to promote their
products in marketplace by using technology such as website etc.
 Finance- Toyota manage their financial information regarding the cost of product, purchased
information. Financial department elaborate with the human resource management to
manage the cost of management in the organization in proper manner.
 Research development- Toyota is using the best approach for managing the business
operations and functions. They applied new techniques for increasing the productivity and
profitability in marketplace.
P6 Factors affect the business environment an impact on the operational management and taking a
right decision by manager and leader
There are many factors impact on the operational management and decision making of
manager and leader. These factors are discussed in given below:
 Return on investment- Toyota is thinking about the profit and investment for the business
process. This is very important factor for organization taking an efficient decision on the
basis of approach. This management is planning a new approach to increasing the production
in market and development (ANGRAINI, 2016).
 Law and policies- Toyota is requiring an efficient rules and regulation that would be
proposed by government. Every country has provided their own rights to all people and this
is very important for organization and all companies would be following all rules and
regulations.
 Opportunity cost- This opportunity is increase the budget because of innovative ideas are
implemented for product development. The cost of investment is also increases.
 Resources availability- there are various important resources available for making an
effective planning a taking right decision relation management and operation.
Internal factors :
Organizational culture- Organizational culture is playing important role in the entire business
process. Toyota always maintain their working culture in effective manner. Manager also organizing
new events for employee and creating friendly environment.
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Employee- Employee is important part of company that's why it required for organization to provide
the best facility and services to their employee.
Organizational structure- organizational structure is matter's for employee because it craete
positive environment for people.
Human resource management- Human resource management is managing the entire department of
organization. They communicate with other department to create an effective relationship between
them.
Technology- For advancement of technology helps for increasing the productivity and profitability
in marketplace.
Pestle analysis:
Political- This factor includes foreign trade policy, labour law, environmental law and markets etc.
it is clear that political impact on the Toyota so that company required towards their current
anticipated future legislation etc.
Environmental- this factor includes economic growth, inflation, disposable and exchange rate etc.
this factor impact on Toyota for the business operations and functions.
Social Factor-this factor is based on the interest which is directly effect the market value. This
factor includes health consciousness, career attitudes and population growth etc.
Technological factor- Technology factor affect the marketing of Toyota such as
 different way to produce good and services
 Different way to communicate with the target markets.
Technology is playing important role in the Toyota because it helps for increasing the speed and
efficiency of working culture. This organization will also use marketing tool and platform to
promoting their product and services in marketplace.
Legal -Toyota need to improve their rules and regulations in order to increase trade successfully.
Social factor includes health and safety, consumers rights and laws and product safety etc.
Economical- Economic factors have a significant impact on the Toyota. This Factors include –
interest rates, exchange rates, disposable income of consumers and businesses and economic
growth, inflation etc.
CONCLUSIONS
This report will identify the important role and responsibilities of manager and leader in the
organization. They are mainly focused on to planning a new strategy and approaches for growth and
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development. The leadership and management is important part of organization that would be have
different role of leader and manager in the organization. This report will identify the operational
management in Toyota that follows about theories and approaches that can be applicable in business
planning. In this way, it improves the quality of product and production process maintain by
manager. As per discussion, it concluded that they are mainly focused on to improve the
performance of employee and it can be achieving their goals and targets. Leadership and
management are both different role playing in this organization. Therefore, it is very important part
of each and every organization.
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