Management and Operations

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager.........3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in
different situational contexts.......................................................................................................5
P3 Apply different theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems
leadership and contingency.........................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P4 Explain the key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and
managers play..............................................................................................................................9
P5 Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives...................................................................................................................................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P6 Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational
management and decision-making by leaders and managers...................................................11
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Management process is a phenomena which is used for regulating and directing the firm
and all the members involved in it. The organisation is a cluster of number of people, operations,
activities and objectives around which it revolves and work for attaining the goals in the best
possible manner (Budd and Ison, 2020). The operations management process is a important and
necessary action which induces the productivity and profitability of the company and change the
functions into more potential one. The report is constructed on Tesco a British superstore which
is dealing in retail sector since 1919. The company was founded by Jack Cohen and
headquartered in England, United Kingdom. The assignment is inclusive of comparison between
the characteristics and roles of leaders and managers along with applying their functions in
separate situations for gaining better insight of the concept. Moreover, number of models and
theories of operations management are applied. At the end, value or importance of operations
management practices are examined. Along with it factors which affects the decision-making of
leaders and managers are evaluated too with reference to operational management and influence.
TASK 1
P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager.
Managers are the people responsible for all the administration and control of the whole
organisation and members involved in it. Basically managers are the experts who make plans and
strategies for the organisation and deals with overall performance and management of the
company. Manager perform different role and holds unique set of characteristics, these are
elaborated below in context of Tesco.
Roles of managers:
 Resource allocator- The managers are the part of top and middle layer in the
organisational structure. Their major role is to develop plans and strategies but with
utmost utilisation of resources present for effective performances and attaining goals in
time. The managers once plans are developed then make the present resource available
and fill in the gap for keeping the flow of demand and supply (de Sousa Jabbour and et.
al., 2019).
 Monitoring- The next importance role which a manager plays is of monitoring and
keeping track of activities which are being performed by the employees and other staff

members. This role is specifically performed for higher standards of performances and
placing the right person on the right job on the appropriate time.
Characteristics of manager:
 Time management- Managers time management skills are the part of their expertise or
skill sets. Managers make sure to keep all task on track and active for obtaining goals in
given time frame.
 Risk Avoider- Another characteristic of a manager is of risk avoidance, they do not
induce creativity or innovation. On the other hand adopts those ways of working which
are pre examined and used (Chang and et. al., 2019).
Leaders are the individuals who make the best use of the human resource by directing
them and guiding them in right direction by keeping them motivated and satisfied. The leaders
are the people who are being followed by others for their expertise and best practices.
Roles of leader:
 Decision maker- Leaders plays a role of a decision maker that is they adopt certain
technique and make their decisions on the basis of the situation which is prevailing in the
marketplace and in workplace.
 Setting Vision- Every leader has their teams in which member follow the guidance of
leaders. The leaders has the role of setting the vision for the team in accordance with the
ultimate goal for successfully implementing numerous practices and ideas.
Characteristics of leader:
 Risk seeker- Unlike managers, leaders induces creativity and innovation which
showcases their characteristic of being a risk seeker and using new ways of performing
tasks in more efficient manner (Filimonau and Delysia, 2019).
 Self management- The leaders has the responsibility to lead a whole team in which
number of people work under them. The leaders characteristics highlights their efficiency
of self control and management which them moves to effective management of the entire
team.
Difference between leaders and managers roles and characteristics:
Characteristics and Roles Leaders Managers
Risk Seeker/ Risk Avoider The leaders as shown are the
risk seeker as they work with
On the other hand, manager
are the on who look over old