Optimizing Storage Operation Access Security

This assignment involves analyzing and applying principles of operations management, as per sources like 'Operations Management' by Investopedia and 'Role of Managers', to enhance security in storage operation access. It requires reviewing patents (US Patent No. 8,108,427), journal articles (e.g., Qingfeng et al., 2011; Ruiz-Alvarez et al., 2012), and books (e.g., White, 2016) to understand current practices and develop a suitable strategy. The aim is to balance security with efficient operation, considering human factors (as per Salmon et al., 2011), ecosystem needs (Yin et al., 2010), and system operations (Ziogou et al., 2011).

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Define and compare different roles and characteristics of leader and manager................3
M1 Difference among function of manager and role of a leader...........................................5
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................6
P2 Role of leader and function of a manager in different conditions.....................................6
P3 Different theories and models of approach.......................................................................7
M2 Strengths and weaknesses of various approaches ...........................................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P4 Key approaches to operations management and role of leaders and managers................9
P5 Importance and value of operations management...........................................................10
M3 Leaders and managers can improve effectiveness of operational management............11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
P6 Factors which can impact on operational management and decision-making................12
M4 Different factors impact on business environment........................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is related with developing design and control the process of
manufacturing and then redesign all operation related with the business in production of services
and products. It is a main function of a company. Austin Fraser is a small size business
organisation. It provides consultancy and recruitment services in various field such as life
sciences, engineering, finance etc. The management of this business firm is good. In this report
mentions about the difference among role of a leader and various functions of manager ( White,
2016). The role of leaders and also managers plays an important role in the operations in
company. There are some values and importance of operations management in accomplishing
the objectives of this company. In this business report mentions about understanding the
relationship among management and leadership in contemporary business environment. There
are some different approaches and theories of leadership are given.
TASK 1
P1 Define and compare different roles and characteristics of leader and manager
Leader is that person who guides and lead its team members. This person always
motivate its team members in a better way. Manager is that person who manage and control all
organisational related activities (Ale and et. al., 2010). The main duty of manager is to
implement all plans and policies which are formulated by the top management in an effective
and efficient manner. The roles of manager and leader are various. There are some roles of a
leader:
Require at all levels- At every stage there is a requirement of a leader. In Austin Fraser
there are three levels of management. Top management takes help from leaders in developing
some plans and strategies (Salmon and et. al., 2011). The main work of top management is to
develop plans and also policies. At the middle and lower level, it is necessary to execution of
polices and plans which are made by top level. The coordination among all level should
necessary better operations of business.
Guide team members- The main role of a leader is to guide or lead its team member at
every stage. From guidance members of a team will its tasks or work in a proper manner. Leader
find and suggest a simple way of doing work (Lindström and et. al., 2012). From guidance team

members will work in a systematic manner. Leaders of Austin Fraser always motivate its
members.
Team builder- Main role of a leader is to motivate its employees to work in a team
without arising conflict. From working together in a team they will work better and also work for
achieving the goals and objectives of a firm (Ding and et. al., 2011). In Austin Fraser, there is
any conflict arise among team members, then then in this case leader try to resolve it and create
positive working environment.
Role of manager in Austin Fraser
Communicate and motivate- The main and important role of a manager is to interact its
employees in good and proper manner, so from this the morale of employees will be increased
and they also motivated. From the motivation, the working efficiency of employees will be
increased. In Austin Fraser, managers are very responsible and communicate with its employees
in a short time (Yin and et. al., 2010). The manager of this business firm communicate with its
employees and also include them in the decision making process. It will helps in increase the
productivity and growth of business.
Provide training- It is the responsibility of manager is to provide training to its staff
member for improving and increasing their skills, abilities and knowledge (Bahn, 2013). From
Illustration 1: Source: Role of Managers: Way of Doing

providing the training motivational level of staff members will increase and their morale will
also be enhanced. In Austin Fraser, manager provide generally off the job training to its
employees.
Set objectives- An important role of a manager is to set goals and objectives of a firm in
an effective manner (Pandey, Chao and Leu, 2012). It is the responsibility of employees to work
by following all policies and regulations of business. The another role of manager is to
implement all policies and plans effectively which are made by top management.
Characteristics of Manager and Leaders
Communication- The main characteristics of leaders and manager is communication skill.
They have a positive attitude and communicate with its staff members in a proper manner. In a
short period of time, they interact with its employees and listen their queries and make a proper
and satisfactory solution to them (Brennan and et. al., 2011). From this, employees will
motivated and work for achieving the goals and aims of firm.
Decisive- They both have ability to take satisfactory and favourable decision. In the
decision making process, they include staff members and take only those decisions which are in
favour of employees as well as company (Yin and Yang, 2011). They are main part of an
organisation. The managers and leaders in Austin Fraser are self motivated and work together
with its employees.
Innovative- With the help of innovation, managers and leader both find new and easiest
way to carried out activities properly (Chen and et. al., 2011). The innovation can be related to
the new technology, process, products, machineries etc. From thinking new things, company can
make its products unique and better.
Positive attitude- In Austin Fraser business firm, the nature of leader and manager is
positive (Chen and et. al., 2010). They always motivate their employees and work for
maintaining a positive working environment at workplace.
M1 Difference among function of manager and role of a leader
Manager and leaders are different from each other and also their functions and roles.
Manager implements policies and plans and on the other hand leaders guide team member how
to work according to that plan by following policies. The main role of a leader is to guide its
team members, problem solver, motivator etc. and the main functions of a manager is to
implement plans and policies in an effective and proper way, organise tasks, control and monitor

all activities in company or those activities which can impact on business (Brennan and et. al.,
2011). In Austin Fraser, there are many types of leaders such as autocratic, democratic and
transformational. The role of every leader is different and they deal with their team member in
different way.
TASK 2
P2 Role of leader and function of a manager in different conditions
In Austin Fraser, there are managers and leaders both are working and work for achieving
the goal of company (DeAnna and et. al., 2010). The main focus of leaders is only on its team
members and focus of manager is on the operations of organisation or control all activities of
company. There are different role and functions of a leader and manager in various conditions
given below as above:
Customers- They are necessary and main part of a company (Qingfeng and et. al.,
2011). Austin Fraser gives importance of its employees. This business firm provide good
recruitment as well as consultancy services. The main role of a leader and manager is to consult
its client and give a good and satisfactory services. It will helps in enhancing the growth and
development of a business firm.
Team members- The members of a team work together to achieve the goals and
objectives of a firm in a particular period of time (Ale and et. al., 2010). It is the role and
responsibility of a manager and leader is to motivate its team members and also tell about the
importance of a team work. If there is any problem or conflict arise between team members, then
in this case leader should solve it out. From this the morale and motivation level of members of a
team will be increased.
Suppliers- They plays an important role in company and they are also stakeholders. The
main work of supplier is to provide good quality of raw material to a business firm at reasonable
prove and on proper time (Holmes and et. al., 2011). The role of Austin Fraser leader or a
manager to choose right supplier who provides raw material on proper time and at reasonable
price.
Government- Its main duty is to formulate policies, strategies, rules and regulations
under which a business firm has to work. Austin Fraser always work by following the policies of
Government and also work ethically (Ziogou and et. al., 2011). In this condition, the role of

manager is to work ethically and under the regulations of government. The cited business firm
give tax on proper time and also work legally.
Society- Company should work according to values and norms of society and should not
harm Austin Fraser contribute some part from its profit in the welfare of society or the people of
society (Jiang, Xue and Geng, 2013). In Austin Fraser, the major role of a leader is to provide
job or employment to local people from this the income level of local community will be
increased.
P3 Different theories and models of approach
The theories of leaders and management are different. From the use of theories the
growth of company will be increased (Lindström and et. al., 2012). There are two main theories
of managers:
Classical management theories- It is also known as the scientific management theory.
This theory was formulated when in an industry there was many problems arisen (Chen and et.
al., 2011). It is a main body of a management which is based on the belief that staff members
have some physical, social and economical needs and the most important need is job satisfaction.
The main objective of this theory is to enhancing the growth and productivity of business. The
main goal and aim was to give some necessary tools for increasing their working efficiency.
Modern management theories- The main motive of this theory is to productivity and
growth of a business firm as well as employees (Lv and et. al., 2011). This modern theory means
to focus on the use of techniques related with the systematic mathematical and also determine the
relationship between workers and management.
There are some main leadership theories given below as above:
Situational theory- It is an adaptive leadership style. It means that when a leader of a
business firm should adjust and maintain its leadership style. This leadership theory suggest that
there is not best and proper leadership style (Nakayama and Bucks, 2012). All are depend
according to situation and it is flexible in nature. This leadership theory adopts the present
working environment at workplace. This theory is not depend upon the particular skill and ability
of leaders. In this model, there are man four points are included:
 Introduced some work groups and people.
 For all units or areas of company, there is a use of only a common style whether it
is local, national and international (Moghaddam, Seifi and Niknam, 2012).

In this kind of leadership theory, leader should have ability to move from one
leadership style to other to achieve the organisational goals and objectives.
Systems leadership- The is a problem solving theory (Tang and Musa, 2011). If in a
company or among team members there is any kind of problem or issue then in this case, it is the
responsibility of a leader to solve their issues on the basis of this leadership theory. The main use
of system theory is to know about those elements which can affect on the business process.
Contingency leadership- According to this theory, there is good and effective way to set
up a cooperation, make good decisions and to operate a business firm. This theory use its own
style to a right condition. It is also a class of a behavioural theory (DeAnna and et. al., 2010).
Some of the effective contingencies for business are technology, distributors and suppliers,
Customer interest groups and also unions.
M2 Strengths and weaknesses of various approaches
Each and every style of leadership theory have some strengths and some weaknesses.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Situational leadership approach
Strengths- The main strength of this theory is that it can be used for provide training to
leaders and it shows that in what manner leaders achieve the effectiveness and efficiency of
leadership (Niknam, Meymand and Nayeripour, 2010). The other strength of situational
leadership approach is that it is flexible in nature.
Weaknesses- There is limited flexibility (Pinkerton, 2011). The main weakness of this
approach is that It is totally depend upon the outside factors and leaders only thought for short
period of time.
Strengths and Weaknesses of System leadership theory
Strengths- This theory gives good control. The other strength is that it helps in
generating coordination among some specialized activities (Huang, Lu and Duan, 2012). It gives
an effective plan of action.
Weaknesses- The first weakness is that it is over- Conceptual and there is minimum
universality (Nakayama and Bucks, 2012). The other weakness is that this theory can not applied
in the practical situations or problems.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Contingency Approach:

Strengths- The main strength of this approach is that for leader the opinions and views of
team members are important. It is reliable and valid in nature (Strande and Brdjanovic, 2014). Its
main focus is on the single leadership style.
Weaknesses- It is very complex and its nature is reactive not proactive (Pandey, Chao,
and Leu, 2012). From this kind of approach, leaders can not measured all factors which are
related with decision making.
TASK 3
P4 Key approaches to operations management and role of leaders and managers
The main focus of key operation is to manage and control all management activities of
business process (Pinkerton, 2011). In the key operations in the Austin Fraser firm are:
Managing- In every company, team work is important. With the help of team work,
company can conduct its business operations successfully (Brittain and Maule, 2011). Managers
manage all business activities by motivating its employees. With the help of motivation the
performance level of their will be increased.
Planning- It is necessary for the company to formulate plan in a systematic way. The
process of planning is very helpful to deal with the changing environment of company. It is
generally related to the future context (Ruiz-Alvarez and et. al., 2012). It is the duty of top
management of company is to make effective plan and manager is responsible of implementing it
in a proper manner.
Coordinating- It interrelate all parts of company (Moghaddam, Seifi and Niknam, 2012).
The main role of manager is to make coordination among all departments and also in the
operational team. From this, all functions of company work together. In Austin Fraser company,
there are two main integration for report to manager in the vertical as well as in the horizontal.
There are various kinds of key approaches to the operations management:
Lean Production- It is a systematic method for reducing the wastage ion the production
process. It also helps in reducing any kind of extra workload. The main focus of this lean
production is to minimising the wastage and improving the quality (Karangelos, Panciatici and
Wehenkel, 2013). The main motive of this production is to reduce the cost of manufacturing and
to run a business in an effective and efficient way.

Total Quality Management- This system is based upon a principle through which every
employees work on maintaining and improving the quality standard of business operations. The
main purpose of Total Quality Management is to remove all the defaults and errors from the
manufacturing process by giving the proper training to employees regarding this. The major
objective of Austin Fraser business firm is to improving the quality standard of manufacturing
process. This provided long term success to company (Cheng and et. al., 2012). With the help of
this the growth and the productivity of company will be improved. This key approach is a
foundation for many activities such as:
 Meeting the requirements of consumers.
 Improvement teams (Strande and Brdjanovic, 2014).
 Involvement of staff members and empowerment.
 Minimising the production cost.
Just- In- Time- It is a strategy which business firm apply for the purpose to enhance the
effectiveness and reduce the wastage and damages from products and services by minimizing the
price of stock. This key approach has been used by management of Austin Fraser to improve
quality standard. In this approach, the main role of a leader and manager make some changes in
the production to achieve the goals (Pham and et. al., 2010). Some elements of Just In Time are
better housekeeping, removing wastage, Mix manufacturing is necessary for the smooth flow of
goods, improvement in quality.
Continuous improvement- It is an on going process to make improvement in the process
of production, services and the goods. The process of delivery are regularly determined and
raise for their effectiveness and efficiency. In this kind of situation, the main role of a manager is
to work on regular improvement in the manufacturing process (White, 2016). Austin Fraser
always try to make improvement in its process and also try to give effective and satisfactory
services to customers.
P5 Importance and value of operations management
Management is that process through which many resources combines and convert and
which are used in the operations of subsystem in to the value added services. The main focus of
operation management is on the production of services or goods (Jiang, Xue and Geng, 2013).
When the operations of company are managed in a proper way then in this case the function will

smooth. The Austin Fraser business firm use this operation management to retain the
effectiveness and efficiency of business. There are some importance of quality management:
Improving quality- It is a main importance of the operation management. The quality
management is effective and business enterprise always try to make improvement in the quality
standards of its products as well as services (Ruiz-Alvarez and et. al., 2012). From improvement
in the quality of production, it the sales and productivity of company will be increased.
Redesigning and controlling activities- The operation management helps in redesign all
the activities and after this control them in a proper manner (Yin and Yang, 2012). Manager of
Austin Fraser always try to control unnecessary activities and also focus on redesigning of other
necessary business operations and activities.
Reduce wastage- From improving the quality standard and by using various approaches
of quality management, it will be easy in reducing all the defects for the production process
(Ziogou and et. al., 2011). It will helps in minimization of manufacturing cost.
Improve in growth and development- Austin Fraser business company some methods
and approaches of manufacturing then with the help of these sales and of services will increased
and also will be increment in the growth and development of company (Prahlad and Kavuri,
2012).
Maximisation in profitability- If company will give good quality services and at a proper
time then in this case customers will be satisfied and from this the profitability of this
organisation will be increased (Salmon and et. al., 2011).
Customer satisfaction- The main aim of every business firm is to enhance the level of
customer satisfaction. If Austin Fraser will provide the goods at reasonable price, then in this
case the needs and wants of customers will bee satisfied and they will be loyal towards
organisation (Bahn, 2013).
Goodwill increase- With the help of operation management, company will make
improvement in the production process or increase the quality of it by using the good quality of
raw material (Qingfeng and et. al., 2011). Customers always want god quality so, it is necessary
to company to make improvement in the quality of goods. From this the productivity of goods
will of enterprise will be increase and market share also enhanced.

M3 Leaders and managers can improve effectiveness of operational management
In improvement of operational management, there is a big role of managers and leaders.
They both are regularly work on that and also monitor all the activities related to operations. For
improving and enhancing the effectiveness of operations then leaders and managers should
provide services or goods at proper time and on a reasonable price. They should focus on
reducing the wastage and production cost (Niknam, Meymand and Nayeripour, 2010). They
must be adopt new and latest technology or machineries to increase the quality standard of
production or to reducing the cost of production. From Controlling and monitoring all business
activities., leaders and manager can improve the effectiveness of business operations.
TASK 4
P6 Factors which can impact on operational management and decision-making
The factors can be internal and can be external which can affect on the decision making
by managers or leaders and operational management.
Internal factors- These are the factors which can easily control and they can impact
from internally from company (Liu and et. al., 2015). Some of the internal factors given below:
Customers- They are the main part of a company. The Austin Fraser always provide
good consultancy services to its clients at a reasonable price (Holmes and et. al., 2011). They
always want good quality in the product and if in case this business firm do not provide good
recruitment services in reputed company then clients will dissatisfied and will not purchase. Its
impact will bad on the productivity of business.
Employees- They work for the company or work for achieving the organisational goals. It
is the responsibility of manager is to provide positive and safe working environment to its
employees. The main duty of manager of Austin Fraser is to provide training to them for
enhancing their skills and knowledge. It is necessary for company to include them in the decision
among process (Lv and et. al., 2011). If this firm will not do these things, then employees will
get demotivated and not work for company.
Society- Organisation has to work under the rules, norms and values of society (Huang,
Lu and Duan, 2012). Business firm has to work for the welfare of society and should not harm it
from its operation processes otherwise, it can affect on productivity and profitability of business.

External factors- These factors are not controllable by Austin Fraser and they are the
outside components (Holmes and et. al., 2011). There are some externals factors given below as
above:
Technological- With the help of technology, firm can improve in the production quality
as well in its products or services. From using latest technology, there will reduction in the cost
of production (Karangelos, Panciatici and Wehenkel, 2013). So from this, company will provide
its services to its employees at minimum cost. If in case, firm will not adopt new technology then
its affect will not good and the operation management of company will be also affected.
Legal factor- Government formulates some policies and rules and it is the duty of a
business firm is to work on the base of legal policies (Liu and et. al., 2015). If firm will not work
ethically or work illegally then in this case it will impact on business operations.
Social factor- These are the factors which can impact the lifestyle of a person like wealth,
family and religion (Brittain and Maule, 2011). It is necessary to Austin Fraser firm to
understand the needs and wants of its clients.
M4 Different factors impact on business environment
On the business environment, there are many different factors which can affect. The
factors can be internal and external. In the internal factors include customers, suppliers,
employees, government etc. and on the other hand in external factors involves technological,
social, environmental, legal, economical, political (Holmes and et. al., 2011). These are those
factors which company can not control.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above report that operational management is good for the
business productivity and it control the production process and redesign all the activities. In
Austin Fraser business firm, there is a maintenance and quality department which focus on
quality standard of services. In this report studied about roles of leader and various functions of
manager. In the different situation, the role of leaders and managers are different. In this present
report studied about the various theories and approaches of management and leader and their
strengths and weaknesses. There are some approaches to operation management and also the
importance of operation management. It can be concluded from the report that there are some
environment factors which impact can on business.

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