Operations Management in Various Sectors

This assignment delves into the multifaceted field of operations management by analyzing its application in various sectors. It examines how principles of operations management are implemented in agriculture, transportation systems, emergency management, healthcare, and laboratory information systems. The provided readings offer diverse perspectives on supply chain management, facility management, system planning, and decision-making frameworks within these sectors.

Management
And
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................1
P.1 Role and characteristics of leader and manager ...................................................................1
P.2 Role of the leader and function of manager .........................................................................2
P.3 Different theories and models in business ...........................................................................4
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................6
P.4 Key approaches in operation management ..........................................................................6
P.5 Importance and value of operation management is help to achieve objective of business...7
P.6 Business environment and impact on operational management ..........................................8
Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................9
Reference.........................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Business environment helps in determining effective activity to set up the organisation. In this
way, role of leader and manager is crucial in each activity for solving business issue and
development of a nation. In this context, present report is based on Marks and Spencer (M&S).
This company is basically located in the United Kingdom and provide different kinds of services.
It works in the retail sector (Burns and et.al 2014). With respect to this, the report assists in
focusing on different aspects of manager’s and leader’s roles in organisation. In addition, their
roles and responsibilities aids in maintaining the growth rate in business in different market.
Moreover, it helps small business to accomplish its objectives and attain success.
Task 1
P.1 Function and characteristics of mortal and administrator
In small business system, role of leader and manager is the most important. It helps to
achieve growth rate and maintain internal working environment. Leader is a person who lead the
entire team in organisation (Zurich and et.al 2017). While, manager is a person who manage all
the leader in workplace. Both of them are important in a company and help to achieve success in
any field. In small business enterprise, roles of a leader and manager are as follows: -
Role of leader Role of manager
In business leader is required level in
organisation.
In work place manager is help to all leader in
business about working condition. `
Leader is development new strategies in
business to achieve target on time. (Wu et.al
and , 2016.)
Manager is focus on all activity and monitoring
or controlling activity in organisation.
Leader is communicated with team member
and provide clear instruction to each and every
member in team.
Manager is focus on conducting timely
performance evaluation in organisation. (Wu
and etal, 2016.)
In leadership, leader is focus on team members'
feedback in organisation.
Manager is check tracking and reporting
scorecard result in organisation.
Leader is prepared clear report to update the Manager is help to manage flow of day to day
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team members process in organisation. operation in work place.
Leader is help to build business performance
and maintain the growth.
Manager is having a power to hire and fire
employees in organisation.
Leader is focus on proper training to team
member in business and help to every new
activity.
Manager is use some creative thinking in work
place. It helps to maintain the growth rate ion
organisation.
There is every astir the function of a leader and manager. Marks and Spencer company is
work in retail sector in organisation (Mitsuo, and et.al 2014). The company is focus on leader
work and manager work in organisation. In this way, leader is maintained the working
environment and manager is control and monitor internal activity in organisation. In this way
some characteristic of leader and manager are as follows: -
Characteristic
Leader Manager
Leader is use good communication skills. It is
help to remove any barrier in work place.
Manager is use proper accountability in
organisation.
Leader is confident in working environment. Manager is use honesty in work place. It helps
to increase demand and growth rate.
Leader is use commitment at the time of work
in organisation.
Manager is use creativity in working
environment.
There is all about the characteristic of the leader and manager in organisation. It helps to
maintain the goodwill in market. All role and characteristic is help to working environment in
organisation (Krajewski and et.al 2013). Leader is provided help to different situational context
and maintain reputation in market. In retail sector or retail market is huge competition in market.
Some new things or say creativity is help to maintain the growth rate in organisation.
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M.1 Leader and function of a manager
by effectively applying a range of theories
and concepts
Organisation is to be focus on role of leader and manage is most important and help to
increase performance in growth rate. Leader is communicated with team member and provide
clear instruction to each and every member in team. Manager is use some creative thinking in
work place. It helps to maintain the growth rate ion organisation.
M.2 Different approaches is help internal working environment
In this way, different approaches is help to improve the growth rate and development rate
in working environment. In system leadership style is focus on the system thinking is applied as
a manger and other factor in organisation. It helps to maintain the growth rate with the help of
proper system.
D.1 Critically analyse and evaluate the different theories and approaches
In this context is to be focus on different leader and manage is focus to improve the
growth rate and increase profit. In this way, manager is check all the activity in business and
control activity in organisation. Theory is help work more effective and achievable in the
organisation.
P.2 Part of the leader and purpose of managing director
In business role of the leader play a very important function in working condition. Leader
is assistance to all team members in organisation. In this way. Leader is focus on all the internal
activity in organisation. Leader is guide all team member about the work in retail sector. In
leadership, leader is focus on team members' feedback in organisation (Parsanezhad and
Dimyadi, 2013). In work place feedback is most important factor, it helps to improve future
performance and attract no. of customer. In business role of a leader is assistance to purpose of
decision maker in administration. In this way, function of manager are as follows :-
 Idea :- In business thought is the least crucial function in organisation. In this way, leader
is use proper planing in team member in organisation. With the help of planing
distribution of work (Baird, . and Noyes 2014). Planing is help all the leader in work
place. Proper planing is help to achieve success in organisation. It is produce clothing
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and home based products. The company is use proper planing to achieve growth rate in
the organisation.
 Organizing :- In work place leader is use proper organization of team members as per
the ability in organisation. The company is used business in team work. business is help
to improve sales in organisation (Gopalakrishna, and et.al 2013). In this context,
business is assistance to hold the growing rate. Proper business is help to complete task
on time with full effective manner. Manager is focus on proper management of leader in
work place. In business leader is use assign work and getting authority. Leader is mange
team and material as per the plan in organisation.
 Staffing :- In staffing manager is focussing on responsibility and choice of worker in
administration. In this function is assistance to hold the growth rate and accomplish point
of reference in system (Mateo and et.al 2016). In this function requirement, selection,
training and development of employees in organisation. Leader is help to provide training
about the work. Training is help for future development in organisation. It is help to
achieve accomplish goal in organisation.
 Leading :- In this function leading is help more than just plan. It inculcated all three
function like planing, organising and staffing. In business leading is to be focus on
motivation of employees in work place. It inculcated communication and guiding as well.
All such things is most important in structure (Stadtler and et.al 2015). Motivation is
help to increase level of performance in business or help to boost employees moral. In
business proper communication is help to maintain the growth rate in organisation. It is
help to solve worker abstraction in administration.
 Controlling :- In this function, control mean to control activity in organisation. It helps
to coordinate with employees relation in organisation. In this way, manager is check all
the activity in business and control activity in organisation. Controlling is help to
maintain the development charge in structure. In controlling manager is continuously
check result against goal in organisation.
There is all about the function of the manager is assistance to hold the maturation rate in
system. It assistance to co-ordinate each and every activity in organisation. In this way, business
is focus on to achieve profit in business and maintain the growth rate of organisation (Wei and
et.al 2016). In this context, Proper planing is help to achieve success in organisation. It is
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produce clothing and home based products. business is help to maintain the growth rate. Proper
business is help to complete task on time with full effective manner. Manager is focus on proper
management of leader in work place.
P.3 Different theories and models in business
Business work place used some theory and models to achieve goal in market and increase
profit. It helps to maintain the growth rate and improves the internal performance. In this way,
different theories is help to mange work accordingly in work place. Leadership theory is help to
promote different activity in organisation (Brandon and et.al 2013). Theory is help work more
effective and achievable in the organisation. Different theory is help to increase demand and
market share in the organisation. Leader is person who lead the team in business and guide or
control the whole team in the organisation. Team work is most important in organisation, it helps
to guide and control different activity. In this context, present report is based is used different
theory are as follows :-
 Situational leadership :- The situational style is used in business concern activity force.
In this way, situational style is refers to when the leader and manger of the business is
must adjust his style to fit the development of the organisation. It is help to future
development in organisation. It maintains the development rate in business and achieve
profit in market. In this leadership style is focus on each and every leader in business or
task in structure (Slack, N and et.al 2013). In this leadership style is focus on ability and
willingness to do work in organisation. Situational leadership is a leadership style that has
been developed and studied by Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hershey. In this style is
focus on trying to influence the business level. In this way, leader is play a most
important role in business performance and growth rate.
 System leadership style :- In system leadership style is focus on the system thinking is
applied as a manger and other factor in structure. It helps to maintain the growth rate with
the assistance of proper system. This theory is help to maintain the business system and
maturation rate. In system leadership is focus on increase the efficiency of each members
in the organisation. In this theory is focus on to increase the performance in the
organisation. It is focus on the particular needs of the leadership in organisation. In this
way, company is to be performance in business level and help to guide internal
environment (Slack and et.al 2013). In this style is focus on individual leader, business
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team both. In system leadership style is use systematic thinking is to be used in
organisation. In working environment is help to maintain the growth rate in organisation.
Systematic work is help to achieve growth and improve goodwill in market.
 Contingency leadership :- It is help to promote different activity in organisation. In
contingency leadership help to take the best decision inside the organisation. In this
leadership, style is help to focus on different factor in organisation. In this context, is say
that no best way to make new decision in business or maintain growth rate in
organisation (Dotson and et.al 2015). This theory is help to make decision inside the
organisation. It helps to manger and leader in business to do take a best way of working
decision. This style is help to right way of doing business in organisation. It can be focus
on different factor in organisation. In each task in the business is useful to each and every
member in group. With the use of strategies work is completed on time with a systematic
manner in organisation.
There is all about the theory and leadership style work in organisation. With the help of all this
theory is based on the performance in organisation. It is help to maintain the growth rate in
organisation (Cucoranu and et.al 2015). With the help of using these approaches, increasing
efficiencies and quality in home products can be identified on which further business operations
are impacted positively. All such leadership style is help to maintain the growth rate in
organisation. In this way, leadership style is help to maintain the growth rate in structure. This is
assistance to indefinite quantity the plane of carrying into action in administration (Cucoranu and
et.al 2015). Contingency leadership help to take the best decision inside the organisation. In this
leadership, style is help to focus on different factor in organisation.
Task 2
P.4 Key approaches in operation management
In business used different kinds of key approaches in management in organisation. It is
help to maintain the growth rate in organisation. Key approaches is help to all the leader and
manger in organisation. It is assistance to control business organization extra activity in business
or maintain relationship between manger and leader in organisation. With the help of using this
approach in organisation (Manzini and et.al 2017). It assistance to indefinite quantity level of
carrying into action and quality in home product in retail sector. The company is focus on all
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such kinds of approachers in business and give positive impact on performance in organisation.
Approach is help to each and every sector in organisation. It helps to maintain the internal as
well as external factor ion organisation. In business both the factor is most important in
organisation. Some different kinds of approaches are as follows :-
 Human relation approaches :- In business human relation approaches is help to
maintain the growth rate in organisation. In human relation approaches is focus on the
self control and self direction. In business is focus on more effective farm work in the
organisation. It helps to maintain the growth rate in organisation. In working environment
is human relation in team members is most important (Khanna and et.al 2015). In human
relation approach is focus on participation in every members in organisation. Every team
member participation is assistance to kept up the growth rate in organisation.
 Operational approach :- In operational approach retail sector is focus on internal
operation in organisation. In this way, operational activity is most important to achieve
target in organisation. Better operation management is help to improve performance in
organisation. With the help of operation management improve decision making power in
business and decision making is help to improve productivity in organisation (Khanna,
and et.al 2015). The company is focus on the operational approach in organisation.
Operational approach is help to increase level of performance in organisation. Manger
and leader is focus on the operation approach in organisation. Both are most important in
business level and update technology is to be used in organisation.
 Decision theory approach :- In this approach business is to be focus on proper decision
in organisation. In this way, decision theory approach is help at the time of take new
decision in organisation. In this theory is used innovative decision in organisation. It is
help for better decision and better productivity in organisation. It helps to effective
planing in decision making approach in organisation. It helps to improve productivity in
organisation (Laudon, And et.al 2016). It helps to maintained the growth rate in business
and increase goodwill in retail sector. In decision theory company is help to maintain
there internal as well as external factor in organisation.
All such theory is to be used in business at the time of decision must be taken in
organisation. It helps to improve internal performance in organisation. In this approach role of
leader and manger is most important in organisation (Laudon And et.al 2016). It business leader
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is handle all the team member in business or manger is handled all leader in organisation. Human
relation in team members in most important in organisation. Proper coordination in team member
is help to maintain the growth rate in organisation. Manger is focus on decision making in
organisation, it can handle all major decision in organisation.
M.3 Leaders and managers
can improve efficiencies of operational
management
Leader and manger is help to improve the growth rate and increase the level of carrying
into action in internal working environment. On the other hand, such kind of approach is help to
handled all leader in organisation. Human relation in team members in most important in
organisation.
P.5 Importance and value of operation management is help to achieve objective of business
In business is focus on importance and value of operation management. Marks and
Spencer company is focus on value of operation management in organisation. It handles all the
internal working condition in organisation. This is help to maintain the development rate in
structure. Operation management is refers to the administration of business practices in
organisation (Simons, M and et.al 2014). It is help to achieve target in organisation. In this way,
company is to be focus on operational activity like converting material into finished goods in
organisation. All the activity in business is help to maintain the growth rate in organisation.
It is help to achieve target rate in market and maintain the good quality of work in
organisation. Operation management is help to increase level of efficiency in organisation. It
helps to development of work force in market (Zurich and et.al 2017). In operation management
is start form purchases the row material in business and converted into finished goods in
organisation. In operational activity is most important to achieve profit in organisation. In
operation management is help to control internal as well as external activity in organisation. To
achieve business objective, operation management is most important factor in organisation.
Business objective is most important to achieve target rate and profit rate in organisation.
Profit and wealth maximisation is to be totally depend on the operation activity in organisation.
In business to mange internal activity or management of goods in organisation. In retail sector
profit management is most important in organisation (Zurich and et.al 2017). It helps to mange
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internal activity in organisation. In operation management involves planing, organisation,
directing, controlling and leading etc. all such factor is use in the organisation. With the help of
all such factor is help to increase the growth in the organisation (Brandon and et.al 2013). In
this way, some important points are as follows :-
 Integrated management of business :- In such factor is focus on the balance between
the production and distribution of good in market. It is useful to retail sector and help to
increase no. of customer in organisation. In this way, it is also improved the internal
activity of business in organisation (Mitsuo, and et.al 2014). Employee relation is most
important in this factor. The company is to be focus on the employee relation in the
organisation, it is help to work completed on time with effective manner. It is help to
maintain the demand and supply of goods and serves in organisation.
 Increase or enhance productivity :- It is most important factor in organisation, it helps
to increase productive in organisation. It is help to increase profit in the organisation.
Enhance productive is help to generate new idea of business (Krajewski and et.al 2013).
New idea is help to increase customer traffic in organisation. Customer traffic is most
important factor in organisation. In this way, company is most important to increase
productivity and growth in different filed. The company is work on retail sector and help
to increase profit in organisation. Enhance market is not a easy task in organisation. It
helps to maintained the growth rate in organisation.
This is all about the importance and value in operation management. It helps increase level of
efficiency in structure (Krajewski, and et.al 2013). It helps to development of work force in
market. In retail sector increase number of customer is most important factor in organisation. It is
assistance to indefinite quantity development rate in administration.
P.6 Business environment and impact on operational management
Business environment is very broad concept in organisation. In business environment two
factors is most important in organisation. Internal and external factor. In business environment is
depended on the demand and supply of organisation. In business environment is focus on the
growth of business environment (Gopalakrishna, and et.al 2013). In internal factor all the
internal environment of business in organisation. In internal environment is inculcated customer,
suppliers and competitors in market. In this way, company is to be focus on the increase number
of customer in organisation. In small business increase numbers of customer is help to achieve
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target. In business environment is help to attract more number of customer in organisation. In
internal environment company is to be focus on suppliers and market composition.
In external environment is focus on the political, legal, economical, social factor in
organisation. In this way, external factor give impact on business performance in market
(Stadtler, and et.al 2015). Some time political factor is give negative as well as positive impact
on performance in organisation. To change in economic police will be affected on internal as
well as external factor in organisation. In external factor company may be change the level of
performance in organisation. However, for adopting new technologies, quality of products and
services are improved which reflected on customers' interests and their loyalty with it. Besides
this, due to changes in legal rules and obligations as well government policies impact on business
operations (Brandon and et.al 2013). In external factor technology is most important factor to
the organisation. In business environment this is all about the internal as well as external factor
in organisation. It helps to maintain the growth rate in organisation. Both factor is most
important in retail sector and help to increase the level of performance in organisation.
M.4 Business environment and wider
community
Business environment is one of the most important and focus on internal and external
environment. In this context internal environment is focus on internal working programme and
external working environment is focus on outside activity, which is give direct impact on growth
rate. Some time political factor is give negative as well as positive impact on performance in
organisation.
Conclusion
Descriptor the preceding study is focal point on the role and responsibility of leader and
manger in organisation. In business role and responsibly is help to achieve growth in
organisation. In this way, Business surroundings is assistance to ascertain efficacious act to set
up the organisation. In this way, in business role of leader and manger help to each and every
activity in to solve business issue and evolution of a nation. In this context, present report is
based on the marks and Spencer. In this report is focus on the different approached of leadership.
All such kind of approach is to be used in internal activity of organisation. Leader is guide all the
team members in business and manger is guide all the leader about the work in organisation. As
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per the above report, is focus on the importance and value of operation management in
administration.
Reference
Books and journals
Burns, M.G., 2014. Port management and operations. CRC Press.
Zurich, L.B., 2017. Service Operations and Management.
Wu, D., 2016. Risk management and operations research: a review and introduction to the
special volume. Annals of Operations Research. 237(1-2). pp.1-5.
Mitsuo, Y and et.al 2014. Response of the fish assemblage structure in a small farm pond to
management dredging operations. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment. 188. pp.93-
96.
Krajewski, L.J and et.al 2013. Operations management: processes and supply chains(Vol. 1).
New York, NY: Pearson.
Parsanezhad, P. and Dimyadi, J., 2013. Effective facility management and operations via a BIM-
based integrated information system.
Baird, M. and Noyes, P., 2014. Program Planning and Development for Transportation System
Management and Operations (TSM&O) in State Departments of Transportation.
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Gopalakrishna, D and et.al 2013. Planning for Systems Management & Operations as part of
Climate Change Adaptation (No. FHWA-HOP-13-030).
Mateo, J.R.S.C., 2016. Management Science, Operations Research and Project Management:
Modelling, Evaluation, Scheduling, Monitoring. Routledge.
Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. In Supply chain management and
advanced planning (pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Wei, R.U.A.N and et.al 2016. Implementing multiple content management service operations.
U.S. Patent Application 15/097,978.
Brandon, C.J and et.al 2013. Teaching medical management and operations engineering for
systems-based practice to radiology residents. Academic radiology.20(3), pp.345-350.
Slack, N and et.al 2013. Operations management. Pearson.
Dotson, G.S and et.al 2015. A decision support framework for characterizing and managing
dermal exposures to chemicals during Emergency Management and Operations. Journal
of emergency management (Weston, Mass.), 13(4), p.359.
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Cucoranu, I.C., 2015. Laboratory Information Systems Management and Operations. Surgical
pathology clinics. 8(2). pp.153-157.
Manzini, R.B and et.al 2017. Current thinking on cluster theory and its translation in economic
geography and strategic and operations management: Is a reconciliation
possible?. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal. 27(4). pp.366-
389.
Khanna, R.B., 2015. Production and operations management. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd..
Schönsleben, P., 2016. Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management
within and across companies. CRC Press.
Laudon, K.C. And et.al 2016. Management information system. Pearson Education India.
Simons, M and et.al April. A high-level architecture framework for Air Traffic Management
(ATM) Operations. In Systems Conference (SysCon), 2013 IEEE International (pp. 878-
885). IEEE.
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