Leadership and Management Roles in Organisational Growth

The assignment highlights various leadership approaches and theories, such as situational leadership and path-goal leadership, used by leaders to address issues like technological changes, labour turnover, and cultural differences within organisations. It also emphasizes the role of value addition and market share in organisational growth, using Toyota company as a case study.

Management and operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1 compare the role of leaders and manager..............................................................................3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Roles of leader and manager in different situations...............................................................5
P3 Different theories and models of approaches that includes situational .system and
contingency leadership................................................................................................................6
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................8
P4 Explain the role that leaders and the managers play in an organisation and what are the
different key approaches.............................................................................................................8
P5 Explain the value and the importance of the operation's management foe achieving the
objectives of the business..........................................................................................................10
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................11
P6 within factors that can effect the operational and decision making of the operational
management by leaders and managers. ....................................................................................11
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Management and operation is the process which helps the organisation to achieve their
objective goals. In this the management includes leader and manager who use various tactics and
methods to improve the productivity and profitability. As the function of management is
planning, organising, directing, staffing and controlling. Toyota is a manufacturing company
which was founded in 1989.And it was established in UK. Specialized for manufacturing
vehicles such as lorry cars and motorbikes. This reports highlight the role of leader and manager
in the organisation including various approaches and theories of leadership. And also explain the
issues of worker and employees and importance of operation management to improve the work
efficiency of the employees.
LO 1
P1 compare the role of leaders and manager
Leaders
The person who performs the leadership is known as leader. Leader is a person who
influences his team member to achieve a specific goal of organisation. It helps to develop a
vision and communicate it to the aligning people in the organisation. To fulfil the basic needs of
the organisation they motivate there followers(Schwarz and et.al.,2015).
Managers
Manager is a person who manages or is in charge to do something. They control
department of company and guide people of organisation and act as a bridge between senior
management for decision making. Responsible for planning, direction, coordinating and controls
the management of organisation.
Differentiate between the role of leaders and managers in organisation.
Basis Role of leader Role of manager
Honesty Leader of Toyota company
build trust and transparency
among with their team
member individually to
Toyota company managers do
their work with full honesty by
telling the truth to avoid the
conflict and maintain the
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achieve the goal of team. Its
build the strong relationship
between the leaders and
followers.
relation with different
departments with full honesty
to achieve the organisational
goal.
Communication Leaders of Toyota company
communicate with their
followers to perform a given
task. During communication
they guide and motivate the
followers to share their views
and ideas which helps to
increase the work efficiency of
team(Heizer and et.al.,2017).
The managers of the Toyota
company communicates with
their seniors and subordinates
to make decision. And they
communicate about the
business strategies among the
various department to maintain
the flow of work and to
achieve objectives of the
company
Leadership The leaders of Toyota
company leads their team
member and provide them
guidelines and strategies
regarding how to perform the
task. And ensure to lead a team
in such a manner to achieve
there target on given time.
The manager of Toyota
company leads various
department and guide
supervisor and subordinates to
get work done on time with
proper planning,
organising ,coordinating and
controlling.
Decision making Leaders of Toyota company
follow decision which is made
by manager which relates to
the training and development
of the team member. And also
make decision to reduce the
conflicts occurs between the
team members of the Toyota
The manager of the Toyota
company make decision in
selecting the employees
according to their skills and
distribute the work in
following department. And
make decision regarding what
to do, how to do and when to
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company. do. And make other to follow
the decisions.
Focus The leader focus on the team
members of the Toyota
company. They encourage
team member to work
willingly to achieve their team
target.
The manager focus on the
management,
employees ,customer,
suppliers, sales and profit to
achieve the goals of
organisation as whole.
LO 2
P2 Roles of leader and manager in different situations.
There are various situations that arise in Toyota company and in this situation the leader the
manager plays very important role to solve major issues.
Technological changes
Technological changes is the major issue which affect the organisation internally and
externally as well. Its create risk, lack of evolvement for business. Technology improves the
quality of products and services but changes in technology disturb the work efficiency of
employees and worker because they do not know about the new additions of technology this will
create a barrier for the management to perform task(Reid and Sanders 2015).
Role of leader
As the change in technology has been increasing in rapid manner. But the leaders of the
Toyota company have no other substitute options so they have to adopt the new technology as it
also benefits the Organisation. To cure this problem the leader must have to encourage and
motivate the employees to follow new technology by providing them trainings and make them
understand about how it can be beneficial for them to increasing their knowledge, skills and
productivity. This will help the employees and workers to be more creative and focused and
make them to take interest in learning new technology. Through this way the employees and
workers of Toyota company will increase the confidence of employees to adopt new technology
without any barrier.
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Role of manager
Manager of Toyota company first have to understand the problems of employees and
workers which occurs because of advancement in new technology. To solve this issue the
manager must conduct meeting with subordinates and the team members. In which they discuss
about the problems they are facing and ask them question about what are the needs of their
employees and workers and then facilitates all the things which can help the employees and
workers to learn new techniques more easily(Hitt, Xu and Carnes 2016).
Employment turnover :
Employment turnover refers to retention of employees which also means employees
leave the organisation because they feel demotivated towards there work or due to some major
issues the management replaces them with new employees.
Role of leaders
Leader of Toyota company play major role in employment turnover. To reduce
employment turnover the leader always try to satisfy the employee to make them to stay longer.
Leader motivates their employee and ensure them to learn new things every day. In fact they
guide them about how to get benefits from the job and provide opportunity for growth and
development. And make sure that they find their job more interesting by providing
appreciation,training and good feedbacks for their hard work.
Role of manager
Role of manager is also played very important role in employment turnover. To reduce
the employment turn over the manager of Toyota company need to treat their employees equally
and provide opportunity to their employees to share their problem and make them realize about
how much important they are for Toyota company. Manager need to provide them rewards.
Promotions, incentives and health and safety which helps the employees to stay motivated. This
will make them to stay for a longer period(Radnor and et.al., 2015).
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P3 Different theories and models of approaches that includes situational .system and contingency
leadership.
Situational leadership:
Situational leadership is a style in which the leader and manager of the Toyota company
have to manage their style in such a manner to fit in the development of the followers which they
are trying to influence. Situational leadership has benefited the Toyota company. In this the
manager and the leader changes their style according to the based situation.
Telling and Directing
In this leadership style, the leader of the Toyota company make decision and informs
other to follow their decision. Leader make themselves involve in all the activities and also
supervise the people who works with them. Through this style the followers follow the decision
of their leader and work according to them(Khanna 2015).
Selling and coaching
In this style, leader of Toyota company make themselves involved in day to day activity.
This decision is ultimately will lie in hands of leader. And employee are supervised in the
coaching manner which directly increase their confidence and self esteem.
Participating and supporting
The participating and supporting style is a leadership in which leader of Toyota company
provide responsibility to the employees and provides direction to the followers and always be
there to provide feedback for completing the task which increase confidence of the employees.
System Leadership
System Leadership enables the leader in an organisation to create the condition where the
people at all the level can work productively to their potential. And this style believe that the
development of the organisation is totally dependent upon the working behind the scenes rather
than to lead from the front.
And this theory is specialized to lead the organisation and make organisation more efficient
successful and productive(Ravindran 2016).
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Contingency leadership
This style of leadership deals with finding the best match between the leader and
situation. And its is concern with the style and situation which match with leader effectively. Its
is either task motivated and relationship motivated which is normally concern with attaining a
goal of Toyota company whereas relationship leaders are concern with developing interpersonal
relations.
Types of contingency theory are as follows:
Path goal theory
This theory is used to clear the path to achieve the organisation goal .And provides ways
for leaders to encourage and support their employees to achieve targets. This all targets can be
achieves by different leadership style such as(Mahadevan, 2015).
Directive Leadership
In this leadership style the leader provide proper guidelines to the employees to carry out the
given task. And the lead knows about what must be done ,how to perform and what the deadline
is.
Supportive Leadership
In this style the leader pays attention to the needs and wants of the employee and treats the
employees of Toyota company with respect and support them.
Fielders contingency theory
This theory states that there is no other best way to lead the team. As it examines best to
run the team or organisation according to the different situation context. And in fact they stated
that this way is the best to handle the situation.
LO 3
P4 Explain the role that leaders and the managers play in an organisation and what are the
different key approaches.
Operation management plays an imp role in Toyota as it ensure the effective and efficient
business operations. Various techniques such as leaning manufacturing, just in time and total
quality management were approached by the operation management of Toyota to enhance the
manufacturing performance. It involves the controlling and designing the manufacturing process.
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To avoid any unnecessary wastage, the redesigning of business operation are done so that
efficient and effective utilization of the resources can be done. Role of the operation
management can only turned out to be effective and efficient when the implementation of the
management techniques are placed well by the managers and leaders(Slack 2018).
TQM (Total quality management) -for Toyota, the concept of “ customer first” means
the total involvement of the all the employee and input through continuous improvement and
total participation. In the year 1951, Toyota launched the creative idea suggestion system to
encourage and motivate the employee for the contribution in the company's development. The
role of the manager is to motivate the employee so that the maximum contribution van be there.
Statistical quality control (SQC) was introduced by Toyota in the year 1949. This was introduced
by the company to put the efforts in environmental initiatives and community based projects.
The core concept of Toyota production system was also introduced as to ensure the high quality
of product and overall improvement of the company. Leader plays an important role in shaping
the team's effectiveness within manufacturing shop floor. Managers will look after the
production schedules aligned with the raw material placed orders(Stadtler 2015).
Just In Time(JIT) offers a continuous, well organised and smooth workflow, where the
work-plans are carefully planned and measured, cost of idle time is reduced, material and
capacity. Managers look after the employees and motivate them so the task can be complete
without interruption, which leads to better quality and peace of mind to the Toyota customers.
JIT depend on major four key principles- Heijunka, kanban, elimination of waste, task time.
Manager will maintain the team spirit in the Toyota because it will allow the smooth working
and high personal accomplishment. Leader will give vision to the company and tries to align the
employee's goal with company goal. Mangers will handle the situation and tell customer of what
they expect.
Lean six sigma(Hybrid Of Lean Manufacturing And Six Sigma) as the six sigma is
effective way for the defect and reduction and lean manufacturing focuses on the waste
elimination. So in lean six sigma both of this concept are combined together. So Toyota has its
own super charged lean six sigma programmes called as TPS. As six sigma leads to the
employees strengthening and high performance in culture, it bestows the creativity level by
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increasing firms profitability, productivity and customer satisfaction. Leaders of the company
will focus of the vision of the Toyota whereas the manager will look after the waste management
utilization.
P5 Explain the value and the importance of the operation's management foe achieving the
objectives of the business.
Operation management plays an important role in the production and operation of
Toyota. Operations management in Toyota helps them to perform successful manufacturing
performance through the utilization of variolous management key approaches such as the total
quality management, just in time, and capacity management. Due to the selection of these
management techniques there is elimination of the waste material and reduction in the cost of
storage and set-ups.
So operation management used to play an integral part in achieving the business
objective in Toyota i.e. the time required for the production of the resources in the company in a
well utilized manner.
Some key values and importance of Toyota operation management are discussed below-
 Resources utilization -Toyota's operation management properly manages the resource in
such away that there may be the decrease in the unnecessary wastage of resources. The
leaders of the Toyota look after the resource utilisation. The management avoids the
blocking of finances and blocking of the raw material. These effective ways were taken
by the mangers to avoid unnecessary increase in the cost like warehousing, maintenance
and storing charges etc(Hill and Hill 2017).
The leader's in the Toyota need to identify potential employees from the workforce and give
them direction that how to be the efficient and effective employee to contribute in the
organisational goals. Whereas the managers will look after the better combination of the
potential employee who can turn the maximum output from the minimum resources.
 Increasing revenue- nowadays company is using the various management techniques
like TQM, JIT, capacity management, in the operation management which is increasing
the revenue of the organisation. TQM application by the managers motivates the
employee that they shout never compromise with the quality of the product and services
they are proving to their customer. The leaders of the capacity management will ensure
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the management that maximum output will be carried out. Overall control by the manager
will lead to the reduction in errors and improve the quality of the product.
 Waste management- Toyota emphasizes on the waste management of the company
through the operation management techniques. Lean management techniques were used
for this purpose. This technique will look after each steps and rectify which would create
the unnecessary waste in the procedure. Various tools were used by the various leaders to
apply the management techniques like Value Stream Mapping, Ishikawa, and Poka-Yoke.
The leaders of the company use the lean management with six sigma which further detect
and minimize the detects in the manufacturing process.
 Customer satisfaction level- As the company Toyota states that the 'customer first'
vision in there organisation. Manger of the company emphasis more on satisfaction level
of the customer. Managers and the leaders motivate the employee in the organisation how
to increase the sales in the market on one hand by satisfy the customer on the other hand.
Six sigma checks the quality of the goods manufactured ensuring that there is no
compromise with the product quality.
LO 4
P6 within factors that can effect the operational and decision making of the operational
management by leaders and managers.
There are various factors within the business operation which effect the business
operation of the organisation such as the culture, ethics and sustainability, value and corporate
social responsibility. There are related directly to the company business performance. Thety arre
discussed further-
Corporate social responsibility- To fulfil the social responsibility towards the society,
the company used to perform the CSR activity to provide the services to the society without any
cost. Due to the CSR activities, it creates a brand recognition and goodwill in the mind of the
consumer. The manger plays an important role in managing these CSR activity. The manager has
to motivate the employee to participate in these activities. The company organises various CSR
activity like recruiting 2.14% of disable people in the workforce. Leaders look after the
QC(Quality control)to increase the workplace and vitality of people. Leaders aims the different
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target with his employee to achieve in the CSR activity. Samr as the managemet of the compamy
will try to persorm effectivlty .(Choi Wallace and Wang 2018).
Culture- the culture of the organisation refers to how the company employees responses
to the challenges in the market. Toyota is the leader in the auto mobile industry, organisational
culture is used by the company is to maximize the optimum human resource capabilities.
Managers play a key role in the managing the organisational culture. As the approach of problem
solving, the companies use the organisational culture. The different characteristic to approach the
organisational culture by Toyota indicates the careful concern for the organisation learning. To
maintain the management operation the leaders in the company so that the culture of the
orgainstion can maintain a healthy relationship.
Value – value is an important term for the organisation. Value addition will increase the
productivity and performance of the organisation. Market share has the direct relationship with
the company's value. The company gain the competitive advantage then the value of the
company increase. Addition of the value in Toyota differentiate it from it competitors. Leaders
the market in a better way to understand the demand of the product in the market and increase
the value of the share. The leaders will take decision accordion to the value so that the there is
increase in the effeminacy and defectiveness of the organisation can be achieved.
Conclusion
From the above study concluded the various role of leader and manager in the organisation to
increase the growth of organisation and their various importance of leader and manager to
improve the performance of Toyota company employee and workers. And have also concluded
various problems like culture, conflict, ethics and sustainability. It has used various management
approaches and theories of leadership like situational leadership and path goal leadership. The
report summarizes the relationship between the leaders and followers and also have discussed the
steps taken by leaders and manager to solve the issues of technological changes, labour turnover.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Online
11 Schwarz, E.C. and et.al.,2015. Sport facility operations management: A global perspective.
Routledge.11 Heizer, J. and et.al.,2017. Operations management: sustainability and supply chain management,
12/e. Pearson Education.11 Reid, R.D. and Sanders, N.R., 2015. Operations Management, Binder Ready Version: An
Integrated Approach. John Wiley & Sons.11 Hitt, M.A., Xu, K. and Carnes, C.M., 2016. Resource based theory in operations management
research. Journal of Operations Management. 41.pp.77-94.11 Radnor, Z.J. And et.al., 2015. Public service operations management: A research handbook.
Routledge.11 Khanna, R.B., 2015. Production and operations management. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd..11 Ravindran, A.R., 2016. Operations research and management science handbook. Crc Press.11 Mahadevan, B., 2015. Operations management: Theory and practice. Pearson Education India.11 Slack, N., 2018. Essentials of operations management. Pearson UK.
111 Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. In Supply chain management and
advanced planning. (pp. 3-28). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
111 Hill, A. and Hill, T., 2017. Essential operations management. Macmillan International Higher
Education.
111 Choi, T.M., Wallace, S.W. and Wang, Y., 2018. Big data analytics in operations
management. Production and Operations Management, 27(10), pp.1868-1883.
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