Role of Leader and Manager in Business Situations

This article discusses the role of leaders and managers in different business situations, including new product launches and conflict management. It also explores various leadership theories and key approaches of operation management. The importance of operation management in achieving productivity and profitability is highlighted, along with an assessment of different factors of the business environment.

Management
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Differentiate between role of leader and function of manager..............................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Role of leader and Function of manager in different business situation................................3
P3 Various leadership theories....................................................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P4 Key approaches of Operation Management...........................................................................5
P5 Importance of operation management...................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
P6 Assessment of different factors of business environment......................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
.........................................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Each organisation or enterprise is regulated and aligned by different business functions
each of them are accountable for managing various aspects of business. Operation management
is one of the aspect of managing conversion of raw material or information into finished products
and service (Operations Management, 2020.). This particular area administer the process of
designing and creating quality goods and services in order to meet requirements of target
customers. Nestle is a leading and growing multinational food and drink manufacturing
organisation. It is one of the huge food corporation across globe and has its main headquarters in
Switzerland. Company has wide range of product portfolio which include goods like beverages,
baby food essentials, milk and dairy products, breakfast cereals, confectionery and much more.
Company marketed and served its products worldwide and has operates its business in approx
189 countries along with around 339000 employees. This research report contains detailed
information about comparison between various roles and characteristics of leader and manager
within organisation. Moreover, how leader and manager lead as well as manages in different
business situations. It explains various leadership concepts and operation management
approaches as well as its importance in achievement of objectives.
TASK 1
P1 Differentiate between role of leader and function of manager.
An individual who leads and direct its subordinates efforts towards achievement of
organisation common goals is known as leader. Leader act as an in-charge who motivate and
stimulate attempts of group of individual in single direction (Bai and et. al., 2018).
Role of leader in NESTLE
 Motivator: Nestle leader play role of motivator as they motivate their workforce to give
fine efforts in performing any activities or tasks through providing different benefits and
incentives. This builds employees morale and boost their working capacities.
 Navigator: Nestle leader act as navigator as it set clear vision and day to day objectives
in order to provide right direction to its team. Leader navigate efforts of subordinates at
each level of activity and assess proper instruction about performing task.
Characteristics of leader
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 Accountable: Nestle leader required to be responsible for its decisions and actions. An
effective leader is one who take accountability for its team results whether good or bad.
This helps in quick decision-making and effective employee performance.
 Transparency: Nestle leader required to be transparent with its team or subordinate as it
help in gaining trust and loyalty of employees toward organisation. Leader needed to
disclose all relevant policies and information to its workforce.
Manager is an individual who perform number of managerial function related to
planning, organizing, staffing, coordinating and controlling in order to achieve different
objectives and goals (Cook and Billig, 2017).
Functions of Nestle manager
 Planning: Nestle manager perform this function with purpose of formulating and
implementing of numerous strategies and policies in order to perform different course of
actions to achieve organisational goals.
 Organising: in this function, manager organises different training and development
programs for new employees and existing one. In such manager design framework to
coordinate and integrate efforts of employees.
Characteristics of manager.
 Communication skills: Nestle manager required to have effective interpersonal and
effective skills so that they can easily convey information to its workforce regarding tasks
and activities. This enables employees to grab instruction efficiently (da Costa Cordeiro,
Marques and Gaspary, 2017).
 Decisiveness: Nestle manager required to cultivate an ability of taking right decision at
right time. An effective manager is one who perform routine decisions in order to
regulate number of departments.
Distinguish between Leader and manager.
BASIS LEADER MANAGER
FOCUS Leader is a one who emphasis on
things that need to be perform by
subordinates.
Manager focuses on strategies
about how to perform different task
in order to achieve ultimate goals.
RISK TAKING Leader is a risk taker. Manager is a risk avoider.
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TASK 2
P2 Role of leader and Function of manager in different business situation.
There are various business situations and circumstances which emerge time to time and
have negative as well as positive impact over organisation operations and functions. Leaders and
manager both required to deal with these conditions effectively in order to overcome from their
effects and inclined positive workforce (Gibson and Parkman, 2018). Leader is one who keep
motivated while manager is one who preserve aligned workforce. In context with nestle, it is one
of flourished and growing organisation which has to face various different conditions on daily
basis so it create a challenge for leader and manager in order to lead and manage its employees in
such situations.
1. New product Launch: NESTLE is well established and known organisation which deals
in various food products like beverages, cereals, baby food etc. Presently, company is
planning for launching a new product in target market in order to sustain its competitive
position and increase its customer base. This create a challenge in front of leader and
manager to tackle the workforce. Role of leader: in such condition, leader can act as motivator and mentor for its team and
subordinates. Here, leader can give detailed information related to new product policies
and clear all doubts as well as issues of workers at very first stage so that they can easily
understand reasons and benefits behind introducing new products. Function of Manager: In such condition, prime activity that a manager perform is build
a master plan about what needs to be done by workers and how. Manager can organise
and align all required equipment and machines in production process. Also, manager can
conduct learning programs in order to improve core abilities of workforce (Grant,
Trautrims and Wong, 2017).
2. Conflict Management: Nestle is a large organisation work with huge number of
employees who has their own thinking process and perceptions. This sometimes create a
situation of conflicts among different groups and individuals which influence overall
productivity of organisation.
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 Role of leader: in such circumstance, first of all leader required to diagnose entire issue
of conflict and then take actions to resolve the conflict instead of avoiding it. Leader can
cultivate healthy and cordial environment where everyone can act and express themselves
openly. Leader can make use of various leadership styles.
 Function of manager: in such condition, manager can make use of various conflict
resolution techniques such as collaboration, compromising, competing, avoiding and
accommodating. On basis of reason manager can opt suitable method to resolve.
P3 Various leadership theories.
Leadership models and theories are act as guidelines for leaders in order to lead
workforce in specific situations. These models contains number of leadership styles and concepts
that are used by leaders with purpose of leading and governing efforts of team in common
direction. These models have their own advantage and disadvantage which required to be
consider by leader while selecting any leadership style (Le and et. al., 2019).
1. Situational: this model describes that each leadership style used by leader is based on
some specific situation. This model includes number of leadership styles such as
directive, supportive, coaching, delegating. This model is based on an assumption that
there is no single leadership style can be used in every situation. For instance, if Nestle
leaders are making use of participative leadership style in situation of conflicts then it is
not always useful in situation of peak load of production. Advantage of such model is that
it allows leader to change and modify their current style on basis of changes and able
them to act quickly towards different requirements of employees. Drawback of this is that
it cultivate doubts and confusion face by workforce due to quick and frequent change in
behaviour of leader.
2. Contingency: this model is based on such assumption that success of leader is not only
depend upon its abilities but also rely on fact that how much its style is interrelated or
matches with given situation. This theory is mainly focuses on leader's personality and
condition in which they operates their functions. It involves two styles of leadership
namely, task-motivated and relationship motivated. This model states that there are
numerous forces connected with business environment which must be consider by leader
while selecting leadership style. Benefits of this model is that it brings flexibility in task
and organisation structure as leader act according to requirement of worker's needs. Also
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it allows leader to take quick and better decisions. Drawback of this model is that it is
complicated to understand (Merigó, and Yang, 2017).
3. System: this model justifies that there various set of tasks that allows a leader to maintain
and build a organisation culture in which personnel take initiative as well as improvise
their ability to perform activity with their extreme potential. This model is basically based
on various principles that are related with human behaviour which enables leader to
establish proper mechanism of leadership designs and process. Advantage of this model
is that it allows workers or team to identify their hidden potential and competencies to
enhance their overall performance at workplace. Limitation of such model is that it is not
always applicable in practical situation (Reid and Sanders, 2019).
TASK 3
P4 Key approaches of Operation Management.
Nestle is a leading brand of food processing organisation and serve variety of product line
including beverages, confectioneries, baby essential products, pet foods, bottled water and many
more. Operation management involve different important frameworks or approaches that are
used by company in order to reduce unnecessary cost, wastage of limited resources and time
from production process. These key approaches are useful in increasing the efficiency level of
processing of high quality products. There are different frameworks some of them are discuss
below:
 Lean management: this approach describes a process of reducing waste and maximising
overall value of product and services by doing continuous improvement in production
procedure. This refers to a persistent attempt to enhance product, service , process
through regular improvement in order to raise efficiency and quality efforts. This
approach is useful in eliminating those forces which are responsible for wasting time,
resource or money. Key principle of this approach is that to determine each phase of
manufacturing process and reject those who do not creating any value. Establishing value
from viewpoint of end consumer (Schönsleben, 2018).
Role of leader: in such approach, Nestle leader can act as coach and take action in order to
produce standardize work. They must encourage their teams or employees to take creative steps
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to give quality performance. Leader required to ensure that employees efforts and abilities are
adding value to customers.
Function of manager: Nestle manager can establish effective protocols that required to be
followed by each employee in turn it will leads to disciplined environment at workplace free
from chaos and disturbance.
 Total Quality management: TQM is one of popular approach of operation management
that is used by many organisation in order to get long term success by customer
satisfaction. In such approach, entire workforce of an enterprise engaged in enhancement
of process, products, services in order to provide high quality goods to target customers.
There are some core elements include in such framework such as customer focus, total
employee participation, integrated system, communication etc. it is a process of
determining and eliminating errors in production, supply chain management and
enhancing customers experience (Slack and Brandon-Jones, 2018).
Role of leader: in such approach, Nestle leader require to motivate it workforces by providing
performance appraisals and different benefits so that employees take initiative and participate in
various functions.
Function of manager: Nestle manager required to establish new techniques and technology to
enhance production speed and flexibility.
P5 Importance of operation management.
Operations management is an important aspect of management science as it involve
process of planning, organizing, coordinating and controlling various resources that are required
to manufacturing organisation products and deliver same in target market. Operation
management is highly important in reflection of achieving various business objectives. Nestle
has main objectives to achieve increase productivity and profitability of organisation (Swink and
et. al., 2017).
 Productivity: Operations management plays an significant role in enhancing
productivity level of Nestle by providing various approaches such as lean management,
just in time. These techniques are useful in reducing those factors which are creating no
value in production process only raising unnecessary wastage of time and resources.
Operation management are useful in optimum utilisation of limited resources which
result in higher productivity in production process.
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 Profitability: total quality management approach of operation management helps in
increasing profitability level of Nestle. As this approach focuses on customer satisfaction
through offering quality products to its target customers. Organisation focuses on
aligning and providing continuous improvement in quality in form of reliability and
durability. This raise customer loyalty and satisfaction towards products which increase
revenue and profits of company.
TASK 4
P6 Assessment of different factors of business environment.
Business environment refers to those surrounding in which organisation operates its
business units and operations. There numerous factors divided in two categories internal and
external. These factors has immense impact over business functions and decisions. Moreover,
these must be analyse and asses by management in order to formulate strategies and policies.
There are forces on which organisation has no control and has both negative as well as positive
impact over growth of organisation. Such factors can be determine by PEST analysis model (Xu,
Pinedo and Xue, 2017).
 Political: presently, UK is facing instability in its political environment because of Brexit
and it create a situation of unstable legal laws and regulations which is unfavourable for
Nestle operations. Because of fluctuation company will not able to establish long term
policies and strategies due dynamism UK law.
 Economical: UK has stable economic structure in terms of GDP, Income of buyers,
monetary and fiscal policies. These factors provides positive impact over operations of
Nestle as company can higher prices for its products which can raise profitability level of
company.
 Social: these factors are related buyer's preferences, taste, culture, trends which influence
operations of Nestle. These factors provides growth opportunities for firm as it can
develop new and modify its existing product range in order to meet out different
requirements of customers through this company can expand their market share and
brand name.
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 Technological: these forces are related with new techniques of productions (Zurich,
Instruction and Documentation, 2018). UK has advanced technology which provide
enormous growth for Nestle. With new version technology company can produce high
quality products with minimum cost and generate high profits for firm. Advanced version
technology can enhance overall productivity of manufacturing process which reduce
wastage of time, efforts and money.
CONCLUSION
From above study, it can be summarize that operation management is a core and central
function of every organisation. It is an important aspect of management function as it includes
managing employees, technology, equipments, information and other different resources which
are required in production of quality products and services. There are various approaches which
are useful in eliminating wastage of resources and time as well as enhance productivity of
organisation. Furthermore, leaders and managers play a vital role in leading and managing
talented workforce in order to perform numerous activities in production process with help of
different leadership theories.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Cook, G.N. and Billig, B., 2017. Airline operations and management: a management textbook.
Routledge.
da Costa Cordeiro, W.L., Marques, J.A. and Gaspary, L.P., 2017. Data plane programmability
beyond openflow: Opportunities and challenges for network and service operations and
management. Journal of Network and Systems Management. 25(4).pp.784-818.
Gibson, P. and Parkman, R., 2018. Cruise operations management: hospitality perspectives.
Routledge.
Grant, D.B., Trautrims, A. and Wong, C.Y., 2017. Sustainable logistics and supply chain
management: principles and practices for sustainable operations and management.
Kogan Page Publishers.
Le, T.V. and et. al., 2019. Supply, demand, operations, and management of crowd-shipping
services: a review and empirical evidence. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging
Technologies. 103. pp.83-103.
Merigó, J.M. and Yang, J.B., 2017. A bibliometric analysis of operations research and
management science. Omega. 73. pp.37-48.
Reid, R.D. and Sanders, N.R., 2019. Operations management: an integrated approach. John
Wiley & Sons.
Schönsleben, P., 2018. Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management
within and across companies. CRC Press.
Slack, N. and Brandon-Jones, A., 2018. Operations and process management: principles and
practice for strategic impact. Pearson UK.
Swink, M. and et. al., 2017. Managing operations across the supply chain. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill Education.
Xu, Y., Pinedo, M. and Xue, M., 2017. Operational risk in financial services: A review and new
research opportunities. Production and Operations Management. 26(3). pp.426-445.
Zurich, B.L.L., Instruction, X. and Documentation, X., 2018. Service operations and
management. Master of Science in Engineering, p.380.
Online
Operations Management. 2020.[Online]Available
through<https://www.smartsheet.com/operations-management>./
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