Smart Energy Management Systems

This assignment delves into the realm of smart energy management systems, focusing on microgrid design, operation, and economic optimization. It examines concepts like demand-side management, power scheduling for homes, and advanced battery management systems in electric vehicles. The assignment also discusses the role of smart grids in facilitating renewable energy integration and improving overall grid efficiency.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATION

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................2
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Different roles and characteristics of a leader or manger..................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Different situational where leader and manger play important role .................................5
P3 leadership theories and approaches ..................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P4 Approaches to operations management ...........................................................................7
P5 Explain the importance and value of operations management..........................................9
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P6 Different factors and their impact on organisation .........................................................10
CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCE ................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The introduction of the management and operation determine the planing and controlling
process of the production of the product in the Marks and Spencer company in united kingdom.
The management and operation evaluating the many resources of the product and services in the
organisation. This operation manage the many function and resources including the marketing
resources, production resource, financial resources in the organisation(Kristiansen, 2013). The
manager of the manage the process of the manufacturing of the product in the organisation. The
production system developed the many transaction like stock of the product, product lone,
product tax and quality of the product. The management and production determine the business
operation strategy and management including the many strategy like quality of the product,
supply chain management, capacity of the human for creating the productivity. The Marks and
Spencer company apply the strategy related to the day- to- day manufacturing the product
services and goods.
TASK 1
P1 Different roles and characteristics of a leader or manger
Characteristic of the leader: Mark and Spencer company leader has a many quality and
characteristic for manage the productivity of the product and controlling the many strategy. The
leader of the company create the vision and mission of the company. The Marks and Spencer
company leader is very honest to make the relationship for the other employees. The leader of
the company mange the member strength and weakness. The leader communicate their employee
to the best communication skill in the organisation. The team leader achieve the goal and
objective of the company (Hatziargyriou, 2014). The good business leader of the company
resources the many function of the promotion the product. The good characteristic of the leader
is level of the confidence. Confidence level of the leader define the many challenges. Leader
face the many challenges to their help of the confidence. Commitment is define the team work
and decision making system.
Role of the leader: The role of the company leader to recruit the all level including the
leadership of the management. The level define the upper, middle and lower. The leader of the

company manage the all level programs. The role of the leader representative the organisation
goal and objectives. The leader represented the seminar, group discussion, conference and
meeting in the organisation. Leader of the company integrated the personal goal with
organisational goal. He trying the coordinate with the people. The leader solicit the support and
corporation in the business (Expósito, and et. al., 2016).
Characteristic of the manager: The manger of the company determine the many resources
related to the team work in the organisation. The manger is mange the many employees team
work. The manager evaluating the company system and structure for the help of the smart
objective. The manager of the company provide the self motivation their employee. The
optimism is define the manager characteristic it determine the built structure and model in the
organisation. Company manager is the flexible nature. This nature determine the changing
situation. This situation face the manager and reduce the many challenging situation(Choi, and
et. al., 2011). The manager of the company role in the organisation is very important role to
change the production of the product.
Role of the manger: Manager role in the organisation to control and plan the many strategy and
develop the best alternatives in the organisation. Marks and Spencer company leader motivated
the many people. The people create the team work in the organisation. Manger role define the
many stage social, political, environment and culture factor.
The role and characteristic of the leader and manager determine the relationship between the
manager and leader in the organisation. The manager is the company employees and leader
follower of the manger in the organisation (Chen, and et .al ., 2011.). The manager change the
many role and function and leader of the company create the many changes. Company manager
provide the good ideas and leader of the company implementing the ideas in the organisation.
Manager taking the many credits and leader taking the responsibility of the many situation.
M1 Differential between leader role and manger function
leadership theory and approach is very important for every business. In this manger
function such as managing, controlling and organising play significant role. Mark and Spencer
company manager is capable and they choose situational theory. It is defined critical situation
where handler manage their difficult problems. From the same leader also play significant role
to check various issues related to the above approach.
D1 Different approaches and theories of leadership

Various theories and approaches are essential to evaluating business performances and
growth in a specific time duration. This method is design as well as make profitability and
increase product sales. According to mine situation theory is necessary to fulfil demand and
needs of the buyers. Culture theory also determine attitude and plan of the employees with
together. Next is contingency approach which impact both leader as well as manger because they
modify internal and external surrounding.
TASK 2
P2 Different situational where leader and manger play important role
Role of the leader: The role of the leader apply in many different situational including the
organisation level. The organisation level determine the many level employee like upper level,
middle level and lower level in the organisation. The level of the management is define the upper
level in the organisation. The upper level define the many innovative and creative plan in the
organisation. The leader role implementing and executing the many plans and policy. The role of
the leader representative the meeting and conference in the organisation. The leader of the Marks
and Spencer company represent the enterprise. The leader make the many resources to evaluating
the enterprise in the organisation. There are many ways including the financial resources, non
financial resources, marketing internal and external factor, production factor and public.
Integrated the personal and organisation development. The leader use the many sources to
developing the people including the increasing the productive, provide the motivation, create the
many innovative and initiative plan. Leader of the company determine the how to create the plan
for the improving the organisation objective. Leader use the best alternatives like guide their
employee and applied the friendship nature to their employees in the organisation( Rosemann,
eds., 2013).
Function of the manager: manager function is determine the many difficult situational in the
organisation. Manager function define the planing, organising, staffing, leading and controlling
the work environment and employee to their work in the organisation. The Mark and Spencer
company manager create the planing to achieve the company goals and objectives. The planing
of the manager create the long term vision and mission of the company. Function of the manager
consist the and increasing the organisation sales.

The manger decide the what stages of the product sales and how many sources available in the
market for improving the product productivity. The function of the manager define the
organizing the plan of the group of the employees in the organisation. Organising determine the
large number of the people in the organisation. Manager of the company use the many process
of the staffing the employees. The manager provide the many facility for their employees
including the self motivation, selecting the new employees, recruiting the people, training and
development process. The leading the many employees for their communication, guidance, team
work and motivating to the achieving the company objective and goals. Last function is define
the controlling power of the manager. The manger of the Marks and Spencer company evaluating
the many resources to control their employees.
P3 leadership theories and approaches
Situational leadership theory: This theory define the style of the leadership. This theory
refer to the developing the manager and leader plan in the organisation. This theory define the
structure of the company.
Telling and directing:This theory determine the micro management. The leader of the company
determine their employees to directing the people to their work in the organisation. The leader of
the Mark and Spencer company leader supervises their employees.
Selling and coaching: This strategy define the style of the selling and directing in the
organisation. The leader applied the many activity to day to day and the specific time period.
This theory evaluating the skill and knowledge of the employees to their work.
Participating and supporting theory: this theory define the responsibility to the company
employers to creating the analysis of the support management. Leader of the company define the
feedback for the completing the task in the organisation. This system is calculating the
development level in the organisation.
Delegating :The delegating for the leadership style determine the dealing with the company and
company's employees to the team work.
Development level: the development level determine the situational leadership style. This style
developed the employees motivation style.
System leadership theory: The system leadership theory determine the systematic development
for the organisation and personal. This theory determine the systematic approach in the
organisation. This theory design the Katz and Kahn. This is the systematic approach to

calculating the system leader (Becker, 2013). This theory determine the external factor of the
organisation. The external factor and environment determine the performance of the employees
to the work related environment in the organisation. This theory evaluating the Mark and
Spencer company sources including the social, culture, technological, economic and legal factor.
This theory define the different way and types of the organisation including the communicate
skill and knowledge. System leadership theory is the systematic approach to evaluating the
leadership style. This theory evaluating the number of the employee and number of the customer.
This theory define the company data and structure in the organization. Company use the best
technique of the promotion like sales promotion, personal selling, publicity of the product in the
market.
Contingency theory:This theory define the leadership behaviour in the organisation. There are
many company applied the contingency theory in the organisation including the many factor and
company available in the organisation like technological factor, supplier and distributes factor,
government and customer income group. Contingency theory developing the structure of the
company in the organisation. The theory of the leadership is evaluating the employees
satisfaction, data of the employees and development of the organisation. This theory determine
the task of the structure, position of the leader power and relationship between the leader and
member in the organisation. This theory depend on the environment factor. This is the best way
to organise the corporation and taking the best decision related to the internal and external
situation in the organisation (Lee, and et. al., 2011).
M2 Strength and weaknesses of various approaches
In this report various theories which have strength and weakens in the organisation. Main
strength is reduce conflict and obstacles which are present in this enterprise. To manage and
coordinate all worker in an appropriate manner. They also have several weakness, it is not good
for the business. It is very expensive and most of the person are not aware regarding models and
approaches. Contingency theory have different limitation such as complex, inadequate literature,
hard empirical testing etc.

TASK 3
P4 Approaches to operations management
Operational management determine the Marks and Spence company product and service
in the organisation level. The operational management control the process of the production and
manufacturing of the product. Operation management use the many key factor including the
human resources management, assets management, cost management. Company use the many
approaches in the organisation.
Quantitative approach: this approach of the management determine the quality of the product.
Quality approach is the best approach to calculating the quality. This approach apply the many
techniques to the increasing the quality of the product. The quality approach define the critical
path of the networking. Networking determine the working day and production day in the
manufacturing time period (Li, and et. al., 2011). This approach also determine the critical path
of the production. It also determine the percentage of the producing product in the organisation.
This approach getting the many information related to the company environment. This approach
determine the company production quality. Product quality define the labelling, packing, and
branding of the product. This approach evaluating the product and services and manage the
manufacturing process.
Quantitative approach: this approach determine the quantity of the product. Quantity determine
the number of the product available in the market. This approach determine the relationship
between the quality and quantity. This approach applied the many techniques to producing the
quantity of the product. Company use the different types in the organisation to selling their
product they use the promotion, personal selling, publicity of the product in the organisation. The
company use the group of the people for the advertisement process. The company provide the
ranting for the quantitative manager(H and et. al., 2012). The manger have the selling to the
product. The manger use the effect communication to increasing their sale in the organisation.
The best use of the quantitative approach to determine the benefits of the organisation for
creating the new ideas and innovative plans. This plan evaluating the organisation goal and
objective. The main role of the leader play in the organisation. The leader provide the many level
of the resources including the financial, non financial, production, marketing and human
resources. Company leader representative the organisation goal and objective. Honest leader of
the company provide the many help for the development process. This process create the

characteristic of the leader in the organisation. Leader is friendly nature person that create the
many profit in the organisation. Manager play the role in the organisation to developing the
company structure and system. Manager of the company provide the many function in the
organisation including the planing of the product like what is the production of the product,
organising is determine the group of the people. Company provide the manger role to selecting
process. This process define the selection, recruitment of the new employee related to the skill
and knowledge ( D.A. 2012.).
M3 Leaders and managers can improve efficiencies
leader and manger both are important and necessary in every business because they play
significant role in the organisation. They have many rights to improve product quality and
develop best attraction of the buyers. In this way role of the leader to provide training and
development programs and manger role to manger all process of human resources management.
From the same both are capable to achieve high success and growth. With the support of
leadership approach company grow and expend their new business in different location.
D2 Application of operational management
Operational management and external factor which are impact the organisation. This
factors includes political, social, economic, environment and other sources which is highly effect
business position in this enterprise. In this customer income group, taste, preference, age and sex
which is influence the company position due to product and services. They also impacted
decision making process which are take by manger in their firm.
P5 Explain the importance and value of operations management
The importance of operational management in the organisation. Operational management
important to achieve the business objective and goal in the organisation. Role of the
management is very important to creating the long term goal and innovative plan in the business.
Its role is very important part to operating the product and services in the organisation. Role of
the operational management is very important to the small and large environment. This role
define the manufacturing of the product and row material of the goods. The role define the
manager to deal the new customer. It full fill the market demand and supply in the market. It
develop the product and services resources in the organisation. The operational management of
the Marls and Spencer company deal the new customer for the product and services in the

organisation. They also make the supply chain management system this system determine the
relationship between the supplier and distributors in the marketing (Samadi, and et. al., 2012).
The customer management system provide the best quality of the product and services in the
organisation. The company creating the performance objective in the organisation. The
importance of the manager define the operational strategy in the organisation. The business
strategy define the corporate ,business and functional level in the organisation. Company use the
product value chain in the organisation this chain define the rotation of the product
manufacturing in the organisation (White, 2016). The important of the operational management
in planing and control, supply chain management, innovation and improvement for the new plan
and creative ideas. Operational management achieving the business objective in the many
including the improved the staffing, improved the production of the product, better debt
management and increasing the information technology system. The objective determine the
company goodwill in the organisation. Operational objective define the human resources
development to provide the selection process for the new entry in the company. Human resources
management define the planing of the best product. Improving the production in the production
area. Production area of the manufacturing product define the row material, finished goods and
services. The objective of the manager to increasing the sales and resources, to developed the
innovation and creative ideas. Decreasing the cost and increasing the profit in the organisation
level. The objective determine the best quality and quantity of the product. The objective
determine the better management system in the organisation. Management system define the
planing, organising, staffing and controlling the product .
TASK 4
P6 Different factors and their impact on organisation
There are two factor that effect the business environment to the operational management
and business decision-making system in the organisation. Decision making system define the
quality and quantity function in the organisation. It define the leadership decision-making system
(Xing, and et. al., 2011). The purpose of the leadership decision-making is identity the business
resources and organisational activity in the leadership system.

Education and experience factor: The education and experience factor define the skill and
knowledge of the people in the work related environment. This is define the product related
education and experience(Zhao, and et. al., 2013)
Technological factor: The technological factor is the business environment factor in the
organisation. This factor define the management process of the operational manager. Company
leader and manager determine the decision-making for the developing the production stages in
the organisation. This factor define the time reducing system in the company.
Age and individual factor: Age and individual factor determine the age of the employee to
making the decision. The leader and manager of the company taking the best decision.
Political and policy factor: l factor making the many rules and regulation for the production of
the quality and quantity in the organisation Political.
Time management factor: Time management determine the time management system. This
system provide the business environment. The time management system impact the decision-
making system by the company leader and manager(Alderton, 2013)
Communication factor: Communication factor effected to the manger and leader decision-
making related to the manufacturing the product quality and number of the product quantity in
the organisation. This factor increasing the productivity of the product and producing the best
product. Decision-making determine the best decision for the planing of the product and
organising of the product and and services in the market(Abdel-Fattah,and et. al., 2011).
Leadership influencing factor: This factor evaluating the decision-making regarding to the
company leader and manager. The leader of the company making the best decision regarding to
the operational management. Operational management determine the product planing, product
organising and staffing of the new employees in the organisation.
M4 Different factors impacts business environment
There are various factor which discussed in above questions. They have
positive and negative effects. This impact also influencing the business
environment and position of the firm. Communication factor one of the important
factor because with the support of this, manager reduce the misunderstanding
issues. Proper communicate with employer and employees can get long term goals

and objectives. Technological factor also necessary to reduce time and give high
product quality.
CONCLUSIONS
As per the above mentioned report it is concluded that many role and characteristic of the
manger and leader in the organisation. The manager and leader of the Mark and Spencer
evaluating the relationship between the goods and services. This report mentioned the
operational management role and objective in the organisation. Company use the many theory of
the leadership for creating the company model and structure. The role of the leader define the
innovation of the new things and ideas. Company management function applied the many
function for evaluating the product quality and number of the product availability in the market.
There are many factor that the leader and manager applied for creating the best decision-making
system in the organisation. This report determine the approach of the operational management.
The management approach define the qualitative and quantitative approach. Company use the
best quality and quantity of the product. Leader and manager role define the management system
in the organisation.

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