Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3 LO1..................................................................................................................................................3 Distinguish between leader and manager...................................................................................3 LO 2.................................................................................................................................................6 Role of leader as well as function of a manager in various situational context..........................6 Apply different theories and models of approach......................................................................7 LO 3.................................................................................................................................................8 Explain Key approaches to operations management and role that leader and manager play.....8 Explain the significance & value of operations management in order to attain business objectives...................................................................................................................................10 LO 4...............................................................................................................................................11 Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and decision-making by leaders and managers.........................................................................11 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTION For every organization it is essential to perform various activities in order to attain their goals and objectives within stipulated time frame. For this effective management plays very significant role as it assist in accomplishing organizational aims.Itissaid that it is the process which includes variousset of principlesassociatedto theactivitiessuch as planning, directing, organizing and controllinginorder to achieve their goals.Inthe present report, chosen organisation isCorus Group Plcwhichhave their headquarter in UK. The report includes various characteristics and rolesofbothleader aswell as manageralong withits application amongdifferentsituations.Furthermore, it includes number of theories along with models of leadership which assist in various situations arise within the workplace.Apart from this various key approaches are going to be discussed in an effective manner. LO1 Distinguish between leader and manager The business entities are being organized for the achievement of set business goals and objectives. In order to achieve this purpose, they are focusing on making plan in order to appoint leaders who will develop strategies for effective business management. Thus both leadership and management are the most vital factor for business as they are involving employees in the decision making process. In relation with Corus the characteristics and role of both leaders and manger are evaluated below as: Definition of a leader and manager A leader is described as the person who determinative group of individuals in order to achieve their set business goals and objective(Beske and Seuring, 2014). On decipherment of this factor the members of the team are being guided by the leaders so that expected outcomes can be gained.On the other side manager have direct responsibility of performing all the managerial functions in effective and planned way. Role of a leader Decision maker-The role of leader is related with analysing condition which are operating in the environment by keeping in mind the thoughts of all the members working ina team for executing effective decision. Various decision can be implemented by firm..... for their benefits in order to achieve growth. 4
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Setting of visionA leader is having responsibility in order to set vision for their team members which is composed of goals, expectations of individuals and vision statement. This help in developing focus towards the team for having better understanding of the business activities(Ellitan, 2017). Role of a manager Monitor:This is one of the most important role played by the manager in order to monitor the different task which are executed at various level. The management team of Corus have the responsibility to keep an eye on different business activities executed by employees at work place. On the other side Manager should have effective communicate when taking decision with employees. Resource Allocator- In the present case the most important role for Manager is to allocate resources effectively in order to fulfil the gap which arises between demand and supply factor at work organization. It is evaluated as precarious judgement by Manager while enlisting right person at correct time for the vacant post in order to enhance productivity at Corus(Fredendall and Hill, 2016). Difference Between Leader and Manager: These term are used as substitute for each other at work place the difference which arises is in the traits factor which a leader and manager possess when they are having responsibility of managing their team members. The major difference among them are evaluated below as: BasisLeaderManager Goal OrientedA leader uses his creative mind setfordevelopmentof business goals and objectives thatcanbeeasily accomplished for the set unit. LeadersatCorushaveused innovativemindsetfor motivating employees at work place(Cook and Billig, 2017). A manager just need to fulfil the task assigned to them by theirsuperiors.Managersof Corus have to meet the goals but there is lack of motivation. Managerishavingthe responsibility to complete the taskwhichhavebeen consignedtothembytheir administrators.Managersat workorganisationneedto 5
achievetheirgoalsbutthey lack in motivation Communications SkillsThe leader should have good communication skill in order to adopt participative form of leadership style. The leaders at Corus follow two way process of communication. The managers have to adopt leadershipstyleknownas autocratic in order to execute effectively all the task which are assigned to them. Generally onewaycommunication processisfollowwhenthe members of the staff are given instruction for doing them. Authority & responsibilitiesTheleaderishaving responsibilityinorderto assign various responsibilities totheirteammatesfor generatingeffectiveresultat work place. The manger is assigned with theaccountabilityoftaking decision without indulging any team member in the process. It has been analysed that there are various types of leadership styles which need to be followed by each and every leader within the organisation(Beske and Seuring, 2014). Two types of leadership styles are as follows: Transactional style:It is the type of leadership style where leaders of an organisation develop strategies and policies and the sub-ordinates have to follow all these instructions so that there goals and objectives will be attained in an effective manner. Along with this, staff members are given benefits and rewards according to their performance as well as punishments if they make any kind of mistakes. Transformational style:It is the type of leadership style where leaders of an organisation motivate their current staff members so that they will be able to develop new and innovative products. With the help of this approach, company will be able to produce high quality products and services which creates values to the organisation at the competitive marketplace. In the 6
present context of Corus, leaders of the company provide positive working environment to the staff members so that they feel motivated and produce positive results within given time frame (Chung, Park and Lee, 2017). Different theories: Situational leadership This leadership theory is based on a flexible leadership style accordant to working condition, requirements and situation. It is beneficial for the organisation to manage the situation and it is most effective style to carry out the situation that they are trying to influence. Systems leadership The theory was developed by Dr Ian MacDonald. According to this theory, leader of an organisation is involve in creating situations where employees at different levels can work productively according to their potential. It provide tools to the managers and other supervisors to analyse the behaviour of employees in an organisation. LO 2 Role of leader as well as function of a manager in various situational context. In a company it has been analysed that there are there are various employees within an organisation which perform their business functions in such a manner that they must attain their goals and objectives in an effective manner. Apart from this, such situations might create conflicts and disputes among the staff members which affect the whole profitability. It is also an essential role as managers need to avoid negative environment so that there must be attainment of aims within given time frame. In the present context of Corus group, there are various negative as well as positive situations arise which might affect the whole performance of the company. Some of these situations are going to be discussed as follows: Conflict situation:In each and every organisation, there are various types of individuals working together in order to attain their goals and objectives in an effective manner. different kind of employees work together for a specific target(Cook and Billig, 2017). All these staff members have their own views and thoughts which are quite different from each other which creates disputes and issues. In the present context of Corus, all these situations are quite accurate which might affect the whole performance of individuals in negative manner. Management team 7
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of the company handle such situations in an effective manner so that effective and positive results will be developed. Role of a leader & function of manger are as follows:ďˇRole of leaders:It has been said that role of a leader within Corus is to resolve issues and disputes arise within the organisation. It is the role and responsibility of a leader to resolves all the issues by talking with the in an effective manner. Leaders of the company helps in improving the overall performance of staff members so that they can produce high quality products and services. ďˇFunctions of mangers:In the present context of Corus group, it is one of the main function of a manager that they must focus on the strategies and policies so that they can resolve such types of issues in an effective manner. Manager of the company, execute some laws, rule as well as regulation within the workplace so that they can enhance the their overall growth and development of the company. Fast changing surrounding:Demandas well as need of customers aremodifying accordingto the time. Sometimealterationsin technologybecomeschallenge for thestaff member. So ittheresponsibility ofamanger togivea effective solution forworkers(Glukhov and Balashova, 2015). Throughgivingthemeffectivetraining mangerwillbe able toprovide themdataand informationaboutmodifiedorganisational stricture is process. So all the roles alongwithresponsibility of leaderas well asmangers are asfollows. ďˇRoles of leader: It is themainrole if manger an d leader istoconductregular basis meetings anddevelopsolution forstaffmembersin a effective manner.Apart from this changes in thesituationis also an issues.So in thisconditionmangeraswell asleader focus onstaffperformant which motivate the employers of cores group. ďˇFunction of mangers: In thissituationmangers of cores group organisation they have to analysis business situations as well as analysis the situation and demand of customer also focus on the strategy plan of organisation and provide direction to the employees in a effective manner. It is important for the growth of an organisation (Ma and Sun, 2012). Apply different theories and models of approach. A cluster of linked ideas with an intention of explaining something can be define as theory. Whereas, models of approach within an organisation is a framework which is use to build strategies in order to get desirable outcomes.Implementation of organisational theories and modelinCorusGroupPlcwillhelpthemtoimprovetheirservicequalityaswellas 8
organisationalproductivity.Someofthetheoriesandmodelsimplementedbyrespective organisation are discussed below: Systems leadership:Corus Group Plc can use this theory for knowing the behaviour of their employees so that they can allocate roles according to individual abilities and behaviours (XIANGandet.al.,2013).Thiswillhelptherespectiveorganisationtoincreasetheir productivity and to increase their services. This strategy will help the leaders of respective organisation to motivate their employees and improve their overall performance. It will help Corus Group Plc to achieve their target on time and in an effective manner. This theory is beneficial for growth of individual as well as overall organisation. Situational leadership The leadership have directive approach, rather than directing them the leader must need to communicate with employees(Meyer,Neck and Meeks, 2017). Likewise, Corus group plc shape the level of followers task and develop working style so that employees can manage every situation effectively. They build up a positive reinforcement and rise morale so that employees can share various problems which can be helpful in target achieving in operation managements. They follow some characteristics of leadership like must need to understand the followers, develop trust and confidence of followers. More mature and intelligible employees require less direction. It is also a part of contingency theories of leadership(Glukhov and Balashova, 2015). Contingency leadership theory As per this theory, the situation is primarily examined and then its implemented in the Corus Group Plc. It has been determined that the conditions are applied according to the style of leadership. With the assistance of such leadership theories and styles, the actual goals and target of an organisation can be easily and quickly achieved in the given frame work of time. It also has been seen and observed that the conflicts and dispute are the two major factors which are frequently faced by the leaders(Morelli, 2011). Due to such dominating factors the leaders performance and the ability to make certain decisions are often affected which in turn affects the productivity and efficiency of the whole organisation. Thus, proper application of theories according to the problems and requirements is necessary, so that such factors does not affect the qualities of the leader in Corus Group Plc. 9
LO 3 Explain Key approaches to operations management and role that leader and manager play There are different methods that impact the growth and development of organisations at marketplace. With reference to Corus, the manager adopt different approaches such as TQM, six sigma & lean principle to carry out business activitieseffectively.Below are the detail description of these approaches which are a follows: TQM:Total quality management is a tool that emphasis on maintaining the standard quality of a product. In current aspect, appropriate strategies are used to give services in order to gain attention of customers. In context to Corus, the company focuses on maintaining quality in both goods as well as services so that it creates a good brand image in the mind of customers. The manager have given training session to the subordinates so that they know how to execute the business activities(Qin and Nembhard, 2015). The five principles such as emphasis on customer, producing & developing quality work,strategic approach that helps organisations to improve the quality at workplace. Effective communication among the subordinates & employer helps company to build a positive result for Corus.This will help in increasing the efficiency of staff members as well as of organisation in a positive manner so that they can beat the competition level available at the marketplace. Therefore, it is very essential for the managers and leaders to use TQM approach in order to build efficiency of employees so that they can produce high quality products and services. Lean Management:It is a tool that helps in reducing the waste and improve the quality of goods & services at regular intervals of time. In addition to this, these tool follows an organized process that eliminates the waste and increase the efficiency of organisations. With references to Corus, the company havefollow lean management tool in appropriate manner in executing the activities. It includes implementation changes, control & standardization of quality, critical analysis and so on. The company could plan and programme strategies in order to alter new features in the old product or to bring new product in the market.The mangers of the company doing market analysis which is necessary to know the mindset of customers related to the particular product as well as services(Simon, 2011).This as a result assist in enhancing the overall efficiency of individuals working within the organisation as they have to develop products and services according to the changing requirements of customers. Furthermore, it will 10
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aid in attaining competitive advantages at the marketplace which leads towards maintaining sustainability for longer period of time. Six Sigma: It is a method that reduces the waste of services and product up to an extent. Its work is based on the statistical data, data driven that continuously remove the defects from the product. Six sigma helps companies togain customer loyalty. These tool follows DMAIC approach that is define, measure, analyse, improve & control in order to build good quality product for the customers(Ma and Sun, 2012). Six sigma tool resolve issues related to operations of work culture of the company. With reference to Corus, the manager of the company uses these tool to reduce the defect from the customer so that customers can satisfy in terms of quality. After this, managers plan effective strategies in order to attain objectives of the company.By implementing six sigma strategy, managers will be able to increase their overall potentiality and efficiency as there is reduction in defects which help them in producing high quality products and services. Therefore, it will help in maintaining sustainability and profitability of the company at the competitive marketplace. From the above study it has been identify that upper level authorities of Corus has play a crucial role in keeping quality in products as well as services. In addition to this, the managers identifies the market position so thatcorrect information can be gathered. They take feedback from target customers so that they can improve its quality according to their customers requirement which leads to customer satisfaction. This will increase the sale & profitability of Corus. Explainthesignificance&valueofoperationsmanagementinordertoattainbusiness objectives. Operation management refers to manage a business practice in such a manner so that it will create high level of profitability and effectiveness within the organisation(Meyer, Neck and Meeks, 2017). It is generally concerned with converting raw material into finished goods in order to satisfy the needs and requirements of customers. With the help of this, managers will be able to produce high quality goods which will assist in beating cut thought competition available at the marketplace. In reference to Corus group, managers effectively control and manage all the business operations in an effective manner so that positive outcomes will be produced. Some of the most essential significance are as follows: 11
Reduction of cost:It is said that managers as well as leaders of Corus helps in examining and identifying various alternative solutions, so that overall cost of the company will be reduced (Morelli, 2011). It has been said that, it is very essential for the manager to communicate all the business functions in an effective manner so that all the activities will be done appropriately within the workplace. Along with this, while purchasing goods and raw material it is essential for the managers to interact with each other so that they can develop some strategies to reduce the overall cost. Transportation cost might be reduced by the management team so that whole profitability and performance of the whole organisation increased. Enhancing overall productivity:In order to create positive results in a organisation with the help of which company will be able to grow and sustain at the competitive marketplace. Within the company Corus, managers and leaders develop various plans and execute some strategies so that they will be able to improve their overall productivity. With the help of above mentioned report, it has been said that operation management plays very significant role in order to perform business operations in an effective manner. With the help of this, management teams of Corus balance all the functions so that they can attain higher profitability at the marketplace(Wang, Jie and Abareshi, 2015). LO 4 Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and decision-making by leaders and managers Business Environment mainly consider element as well as power which has a significant impact on overall ability to maintain & building of asuccessful customer relationship. On the other hand operations managementis concerned with For daily functioning of company with efficiency.Inorganisationtherearesomefactorswhichhaveaimpactonoperations management and decision making by leaders in the company.Some of major factors which have a influence on decision making by leaders in corus are described below: ďˇCulture: Organisationalcultureis related to system of shared values and beliefs which are related to assumption in a company that helps in governing employee behaviour in organisation. It is very important and at same time a requirement which is that employees are feeling safe and secure in the overall working environment of company so that their full potential can be utilised and this can help in increasingtheir level of performance 12
(QinandNembhard,2015).Therefore,ithasbeenconcludedthatcultureofan organisation highly influences the overall process of decision making which affect the performance as well as profitability of the company. So managers and leaders of an organisation need to take decisions according to the changing culture so that they grab ample number of opportunities. ďˇSocial Factors:These are many various social factors which have to be considered by business organisation which is related with beliefs and customs. Operations management is always affected by various social factors. Structures of existing population has a effect on demand and supply which keeps on changing and is never constant. In reference with Corus, it canbe said that there has to be adequate amount if research conducted which can help them in making a understanding of allthe social factors and their affect on changing internal conditions.Leaders are one who are accountable for different social changes and trends for taking best decision and further implementing them into business. For this, managers & leaders both need to examine the social elements which might influences the whole process of decision making. ďˇCorporate Social Responsibility:Corporate Social Responsibilityincludes all sort of business duties and various different responsibility which are being offered by different organisation to their employees, customers and other related stakeholders in company. organisation offers to its employees, customers, suppliers, investors and shareholders. Operational management and function of decision-making of mangers and leaders is high affect on corporate social responsibility(Wen-chao, Fan and Wen-wen, 2012). ďˇStakeholders:These are a group of people who posses a very high impact on objectives and actions of a business. Stakeholders include employees, directors, and many others. Stakeholders impact operations management in organisations as they all play a very essential part in implementation of overall decision of a company.The stakeholders in Corusareemployees,customers,government,investorsandsuppliers.Theyare responsible for managing overall expectations of of stakeholders in company. Corus is involved in making various discussions which are very important for understanding opinions and views(Wiggins, 2014).In context with Corus, managers and leaders are responsibleformakingalltheimportantdecisionafterconsiderationofallthe stakeholders in the company. 13
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From above mentioned factors which is having a impact on operational management in various ways. It can also be concluded that decision making is in hands of a various leaders & mangers which is affected by various changing policies in the organisation. This is a very necessary step which has to be done so that business objectives are achieved in a specified time. CONCLUSION With the assistance ofabovementionedreport, it has beenidentifiedthat operation managementplays very significant role which helps in conducting business functions in an effective and appropriate manner. All these things are getting positively only if management and other department perform in a coordinated manner. Alongwith this managers need to provide appropriate and correct guidance to their staff members so that goals and objectives will be attained within given time frame.Furthermore, appropriate,good and effectivemanagement assist in taking right decision so that efficiency of employees will be improved. At the end, different leadership approaches as well astheoriesappliedwithin the organization so that strategies and policies help inincrease profitability. 14
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