INTRODUCTION Management operations is a filed which is essentiallyobsessedwith planning, organizing as well as supervision of business operation with regard to production, manufacturing and many other similar aspects. It is essentially a process of redesigning business operations. The prime objective of this concept is to effectivelyensure business related operations are performed in effective manner so thatutilizing few resources so as to meet the expected needs of company's potential customers(Albrecht and Dasigi, 2016). This report it based on H&M is a Swedish multinational clothing retail organisation which provides fast fashion clothing . The outcome of this report tends to cover several aspects relating to management operation through consistency within business can be witnessed potentially. Roles as well as characteristics of leaders and manager will be identified. Furthermore, analysis would be conducted with regard to theories and models of leadership. Apart from this several key approaches with regard to operations management is considered through desired business objective can be accomplished effectively. Lastly elements of business environment which influences operation management factors would be identified. TASK 1 P1. Manager and Leader are twoessentialindividual within an organisation. Efforts of them essentially helps afirmto accomplish desired objective with full efficiency(Deihimi,Zahed and Iravani, 2016). Both of them perform individual duties in order to gain competitive business advantage. Definition of Leader and Manager Leaders: A leader isan individualwho tends to influence aunitin order to achieve established business objective effectively. However, a leader essentially holds a dominant and superior position within an organisation and iscable to effectively carry out high level of control over different individuals. Managers:Manager is essentially a person who is considered as that in charge of a particular unit and tends toachieve a particular objective with full skilfulness.However, a manager usuallya proper of group of individuals who are accountable to him. 2
Role of Leaders:There are variety of roles which a leader within an organisationexecutes so that attain desired business objective is done.Following are the major role which leader within H&M essentially performs: Leader within an organisation is primarilyaccountable for creating vision that access in influencing employees. Uniqueness of leader is that he establishes various activities through which morale of employee at work is boast and they tend to work with their full potential. Long-term as well as short-term business objective is essentially set up by leaders so that desired business objective can be achieved. Through the efforts of leaders only accomplishment of desired business objective is essentially done. Characteristics of Leaders: WithinH&Mleadersinheriteffectivecommunicationskillsthrough whichproper coordination within business is ascertained and positive working environment is created. Flexibility is one of major characteristic which a leader must inherit in order adjust the business operation according to situation. Role of Manager:However role of manager within business organisation is very curial.R esponsibility of manageris tomake so that desired business objective can be achieved(Eacott, 2018). Following are some major responsibility which manager at H&M needs to perform: Prime role of manager is to effectively delegate authority to its subordinates so that consistency within business operations can be observed. Furthermore, manager also tends to set up strategic vision through which business is able to perform business operation accurate and competitive business advantage can be gained. Manager critically sets up the directions on the basis of which all the major business related activities are performed. While introducing change within an organisation manager is majorly responsible for setting guidelines. Characteristics of Manager: 3
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Being result oriented is the major characteristic which a manager must inherit. This characteristic essentially helps in achieving sustainability within business. With respect to H&M manager implement those strategies which can be achieved practically. Proper and effective communication is also an important characteristic of manager. Difference between leaders and managers BasisManagerLeaders NatureManagerusuallyhave authoritative in nature(Ellis and et.al., 2015). Whereasleadersare charismatic in nature. ApproachManagerwithinan organisationusuallypossess process-focused attitude. Leaderprimarilypossess people-focusedattitudein orderaccomplishbusiness objectives. SettingManagers tends to set up goals within an organisation. Whereas leaders are primarily responsible for setting vision. However, it can be summarised that withinbusiness organisation manager as well as leader plays a very vital role through which consistency can be eventually witnessed. With reference to H&M, leaders and manager properly coordinates with each other in order carry out businessoperationseffectively.EachdepartmentwithinH&Mhaveamanagerwhois responsible for carrying business activities. Whereas there are number of leaders who work within business organisation in order to attain consistency and gain competitive business advantage. TASK 2 P2 Role of leaderas well asfunction of manager is required within an organisation so asto performbusiness operation with full efficiency. Both leaders and manager areindivisiblein nature.However, proper coordination between these two individual is must in order to carry businessoperationwithconsistency(Eskerod,HuemannandSavage,2015).Itisthe 4
responsibility of leader and manger to essentiallymanagebusiness problems effectively. Within H&M effective coordination among leaders and manager is must. Following are some common situation wherein role of leader and function of manager are essentially required: Staff Turnover:This essentially an important aspect wherein role of leader and function of manager is required. Employee turnover is a aspect wherein exact percentage of employees who leave an organisation and are replaced by other candidates is determined. Proper identification is must in order to significantly find out the exact reason for employee turnover(Fairholm and Gronau, 2015). However, the prime reason behind staff turnover is lack of employee satisfaction, with the kind of work they perform within a company. With respect to H&M, manager and leaders plays a very curial role. Several policies as well as rules are formulated by manager of respective organisation in order retain employee and provide them safe as well as secure working environment. Whereas leaders is primarily responsibility for identifying at employees tends to learn something new everyday so thatthey perform allocated task with consistency. Implementation of new policies by manager and leader must encourage and motivate employees so that they work with full potential which will further help in employee retention. Employee retention strategies and leadership practices go hand in hand this is essentially because leaders plays a vital role in staff turnover. Conflicts:Conflicts within business organisation is witnessed at very phase. This situation negatively impacts the overall business operation enormously. Organisational conflicts is a state of discord which is usually caused due to opposition of values, needs and interests between individual working together. Organisational conflicts takes several forms within a company. Under the situation of conflict there is a unavailable clash between formal authority and other individuals. However, with regard to H&M conflicts situationwithinworkersisessentiallywitnessedduetowhichoverallbusiness productivity is negatively hampered. Communication gap is witnessed within H&M and due this proper interaction within workers and management is not done. However, under such situation manager is essentially responsible for setting several strategies through which communication gap can bebridged up(Fernandez and et.al., 2015). Whereas leaders is primarily responsible for making an appropriate channel of communication. Proper analysis is essentially required in order top identify the prime reason behind the 5
communication gap. However, it theobligationof leader to adopt most appropriate leadership style. However, there are several other business situations wherein the role of leader and function of manager is effectively required in order to deal with business related activities with full efficiency. Proper and effective coordination between leaders and manager at H&M is very essential. P3 There are variety of different theories and model of leadership through adoption of which accomplished of desired business objective is essentially done. There leadership approaches critically helps in explaining the how and why a company needs a leader. Situational Leadership:This leadership approach was given by Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey. Situational leadership is wherein a leader tends to adjust style of leadership to fit in organisation and attain desired business objective effectively. Decision-making by leaders under this style is dependent upon the exact situation of the business(Hairon and Goh, 2015).This theory highlights that no single leadership style is best. However, leadersundersituationalleadershipapproachpossessthefollowingcharacteristics: flexibility, coaching, delegating, integrity and many more. This leadership style is highly flexible in nature which is the major benefit. However, with respective to H&M situational leadership will essentially help the leaders to handle the problems relating to staff turnover and conflicts effectively because decision-making by leaders are made depending upon the situation prevailing. System Leadership Approach:System leadership Approach essentially enables a leader within an organisation is to create condition wherein individuals at all level can work productively with their full potential. This leadership style was given by Dr. Ian Macdonald. The major characteristic inherit by system leaders includes: systematic thinking approach, open mindset, effective communication skills, focus on results and many others. The major advantage which this leadership approach possess is that it is adaptive and dynamic in nature. Under this leadership theory the prime objective of leaders is to carry out business related activities in effective and systematic manner. With regard to H&M system leadership approachcan be implemented by leaders so that business operations can be carried out in systematic manner. 6
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Contingency Leadership Approach:This approachprimarily focuses on the context of leadership. Contingency theory of leadership is very special in nature which states that success of leader is on dependent on his abilities. There are several other relating factors toduewhichoverallbusinessproductivityisnegativelyhampered.Contingency leadership theory was given by Fred Fiedler. The principle of this leadership approach states that there no leadership approach which can be utilized in dealing with every businessproblems.Fiedler'sContingencytheorysignificantlydescribesthat powerfulnessof leader isidentifiedby how well leadership style matches the situation. However, this leadership approach can significantly help leaderat H&M to effectively solve staff turnover and conflicts situation effectively. However, there are many other leadership theories which leader of an organisation adopts in order to carry out business related activities with full efficiency. Leader must conduct a proper analysis through which he should adopt the best leadership approach which fits in the respective organisation perfectly. TASK 3 (covered in PPT) TASK 4 P6. Customers: Customers are individuals due to whichmajor enterpriseactivities are essentiallycarriedoutinorderachievestandardobjectiveeffectively.However, implementation of several business strategies by leaders and managers are significantly done in order to satisfy customers(Kang, Zhao and Horst, 2016). Business environment is highly impacted due to this force. Government:Government tremendously influences the whole business environment as well as operation management. However, it is the responsibly ofmanagers as well as leaders to take all themajor business related decision is taken keeping in the policies and regulations made by government. With reference to H&M, regular analysis is madeso as to dealwith government made policies. 7
CSR: It is the responsibility of every business organisation to effectively contribute a certain sum of money for the the betterment of society as a whole. However, leaders and managers are essentially responsible for formulating several strategies through which societyisbenefited(Kiehtreiberandet.al.,2015).Decision-makingpowerfor implementing several policies lies in the hands of managers and leaders. Stakeholders: Stakeholders comprises of group of individual who enormously impacts actions as well as objective of a business organisation to a great extent. Stakeholders primarily includes creditors, owners, directors and many others. In context to H&M all the major business related decisions are made by leaders and managers are consulting stakeholders. Moreover, variety ofother business environmental factorsthatimpacts operational management activities within an organisation to a great extent. Therefore, proper evaluation as well as determination by leaders and managers must be madeso as to accomplish business goals and objectives.Decision-makingofleaderandmanagersarehighlyinfluencedbybusiness environmental factors. CONCLUSION From the above mentioned report it can be summarised thatoperation management is a essentialaspect of business through which consistency as well as sustainability within an organisationisessentiallywitnessed.Furthermore,managerandleaderwithinbusiness organisation are inseparable in nature and efforts of the essentially helps in achieving desired business objective with full efficiency. Leader and manager are primarily responsible for implementingseveralstrategiesthroughactivitiesrelatingtooperationmanagementare performed accordingly. Apart from this there are various leadership approaches which a leaders inherits in order to carry business activities effectively. There are various key approaches of operation management through which positive outcome within an organisation are witnessed. Moreover,thereareseveralenvironmentalfactorswhichimpactstheoveralloperation management activities. 8
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