Managing Change

This document discusses the process of managing change in an organization, focusing on the impact of change on resources, positive and negative implications, and recommendations for managing change effectively. The case study of Arcadia Group, a multinational retail company, is used to illustrate the concepts. Topics covered include identification and analysis of resources impact, positive and negative implications, evaluation of organization plans, and recommendations for a team approach to manage change.

Managing Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1. Identification and analysis of resources impact of change on the organisation....................1
1.2. Positive and negative implications for marking the change.................................................2
1.3. Evaluation of organisation plans and arrangements with their fitness to accommodate the
change..........................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Reasons and recommendations to support a team approach to manage change....................4
2.2 Options for an organisation that needs to make changes.......................................................6
2.3 Evaluation of the operations and reasons for selecting one or set of options........................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Producing plans that prepare the organisation for change and support implementation.......9
3.2 Monitoring and evaluating the change implementation.......................................................10
3.3 Review of the success and failure of the change process....................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Managing change can be defined as a process of implementing different approaches
which are used to prepare plans and support them for the implementation of change. Main
purpose of it is to reduce staff member's resistance and cost of business execution so that
effectiveness and profit of the enterprise could be increased. The best way to manage a change is
to form effective plan and set goals for future so that it could be implemented successfully. If the
managers are not able to manage the change properly then it can affect the functionality of an
organisation therefore it is vital for management to pay attention towards it (Al-HaddadKotnour,
2015). The organisation which is selected for this report is Arcadia Group which is one of the
largest corporations of United Kingdom and also a multinational retail company. It is
headquartered in London and operating business with 22000 staff members. It was founded in
year 1903 by Sir Philip Nigel Ross Green. This assignment covers various topics such as
resources impact of change on the organisation, positive and negative implications of change,
reasons and recommendations to support a team, options for an organisation need to make
change and reasons for their selection. Additionally, plan prepared for change and supporting
implementation, monitoring and evaluation of change implementation along with success or
failure of the change process are also discussed in this assignment.
TASK 1
1.1. Identification and analysis of resources impact of change on the organisation
Change is a universal process which is required to be made after a certain period of time
for the purpose of enhancing effectiveness of business. In order to execute all the operational
activities properly it is very important for managers of an organisation to make changes in
organisational procedures so that it can help to achieve business goals. For example, if the top
level managers in Arcadia Group are planning to increase the working hours of employees by
providing them raise in salaries. It is the change which is proposed by the enterprise and some of
the staff members may resist to this plan as they do not want to work extra (Allison and Narciso,
2015). While implementing the change managers have to make changes in resources such as
human capital, finance etc. Due to all the resource changes different implications could be
recorded by the company. One of the major implication is increased salaries of employees as the
management have proposed to provide additional pay to the workforce for the additional work
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which will be done by them. Another resource impact is related to human capital because the
resistance of change of some of the employees may affect the productivity of whole organisation.
While implementing a change it is very important for top level executives of an
organisation to make sure that they pay attention towards all the changes which are taking place
in the resources. It can help to find appropriate ways to deal with negative implication of the
modification.
1.2. Positive and negative implications for marking the change
All the business entities make changes for the purpose of enhancing effectiveness of
operational activities so that the vision and mission could be achieved. As the management of
Arcadia Group is planning implement a change by increasing the working hours of staff
members by providing them additional pay so managers have to implement it properly. If they
are not able to manage it effectively then it may result on the execution of it and position of the
company in market. In order to get positive outcomes from a change it is very important for
managers to make sure that they are implementing it appropriately (Alvesson and Sveningsson,
2015). There are various impacts of the change which is going to be made by Arcadia Group and
all of them may affect the organic and sustainable growth of entity. All the implications of it
whether they are positive or negative could be understood from following discussion:
Positive impacts: The favourable implications of change for business entity are
discussed below:
 Higher productivity and profitability: If the management of Arcadia Group attain
success in the implementation of change then it will result in higher productivity because
it can help to perform operational activities in effective manner. It may also result in
higher profits because when all the operations will be carried out properly then it can help
to enhance profitability.
 Increased efficiency of business: Changes such as increased working hours of
employees may result in higher efficiency of business as the company may perform
operations in less time which will helps to complete the tasks quickly. Arcadia Group can
also increase its efficiency to execute business in effective manner if the change will be
implemented successfully (Asnan, Nordin and Othman, 2015).
Negative impacts: There are several negative implications of change which may affect a
business in adverse manner. All of them are discussed below:
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 Mental stress to management and employees: When management suddenly announce
changes within the organisation then it may result in higher mental stress for the staff
members as some of them are not willing to adapt it. If the increased working hours plan
is not adopted by employees of Arcadia Group then it will enhance stress for them which
will directly affect their work quality. Due to this the enterprise may have to face the
challenges such as lower profits and sales because of lack of employee engagement.
 Life changes caused by restructuring: By making changes in working hours of
employees Arcadia Group may bring changes in their life which are downgrading in job
position, loss of benefits etc. All of these negative implications may affect the whole
organisation and result in lower profits and hurdles in the way of achieving goals such as
revenue maximisation (Barrett and Murphy, 2017).
All the above described implications may take place due to implementation of change
therefore it is vital for the management to estimate all of them and formulate strategies to deal
with unfavourable impacts. If the managers in Arcadia Group are not able to formulate effective
strategies to deal with unfavourable implications then it may result in poor execution of business
and unachieved business goals.
1.3. Evaluation of organisation plans and arrangements with their fitness to accommodate the
change
Accommodation of change is the process of implementing it effectively and making sure
that it results properly. For all the top level executives of the enterprise which is planning for
change it is very important to make sure that they formulate appropriate plans and make
arrangement which can help to accommodate the change properly. As the managers in Arcadia
Group are planning to implement change of increasing working hours of employees and
providing them additional salary so it is vital for them to formulate effective plans for the same.
There are various arrangement and plans which could be taken in to consideration by them to
accommodate the change (Bradley, 2016). All of them are discussed below:
 Conducting formal meetings: It is one of the main plan which is required to be made by
the managers while planning for the implementation of change. With the help of it all the
staff members may get aware of the change along with its positive and negative sides. In
Arcadia Group this plan will be formed by the top level executives as it can help them to
help the staff members to get detailed information about the change. With the help of it
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success of the change could be assured as the workforce will be satisfied with changes in
their working hours along with increased wages.
 Communicating with all the staff members personally: Sometimes change may result
in decreased work quality of employees because they do not want to work for additional
salary. In order to reduce the possibility of this issue managers can make arrangement of
personal meeting with each and every employees. With the help of it they can resolve all
the issues of staff members which are resulting in resistance of them for change. By
interacting with workforce management can make sure that all of them get agree on the
concept of working for extra hours and getting paid for the same. This arrangement will
be beneficial for Arcadia Group because with the help of it possibility of disagreement
with the change could be reduced (Cook, 2015).
 Identifying reasons behind resistance of employees for change: It is the last
arrangement which could be made by managers of Arcadia Group as it can help them to
analyse the causes which are resulting in disagreement of employees against change.
With the help of it the company will be able to reach its objective of increasing staff
engagement because all the issues of them regarding the change will be resolved properly
(Dawson, 2019).
By taking all the above described plans and arrangements in to consideration the
managers in Arcadia Group can accommodate the change properly. With the help of all of them
the entity will be able to reach its objectives such as profit maximisation, revenues increment,
higher employee engagement etc. Apart from this, the enterprise will also be able to increase the
chances of higher effectiveness of performing operational activities.
TASK 2
2.1 Reasons and recommendations to support a team approach to manage change
For all the organisations it is very important to formulate effective strategies to
implement the change and manage it properly so that the desired goals could be accomplished
successfully. As Arcadia Group is planning to increase working hours of employees therefore it
is very important for it to make sure that this change is implemented properly (Fernandez and
Rainey, 2017). There are various reasons for the management of change which are required to be
focused by managers of entity. All of them are discussed below:
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 Improved performance of organisation: It is one of the main reason for the
management of change because if an entity is able to manage the implemented strategies
properly then it will help to improve the performance. For example, if managers in
Arcadia are not able to manage the proposed strategy properly then it may result in
negative impacts upon functionality of business. In order to attain success in future with
higher performance it is vital to manage change properly (Fidler, Earley and Ouston,
2017).
 Higher profit margins: Proper management of change is required to increase profit
margins of the organisation because if an enterprise is not able to perform activities for
proper management of change then it may affect the profitability. For managers of
Arcadia Group it is very important to make sure that they manage the change properly
because it can help to increase the profits appropriately.
 Lower costs of projects: It is also one of the main reasons of managing change because
implementation of them may result in lower costs of project. When the working hours of
employees will be increased in Arcadia Group then it will help to improve efficiency of
whole entity to reach its targeted goals. Therefore, it is vital for the managers of the
company to make sure that they manage change properly (Gendzier, 2019).
Some of the recommendations for management of change are as follows:
 The top level executives of business entities should communicate with the advantages of
the change before implementing it as it can help to manage it effectively.
 For managers of Arcadia Group it is very important to formulate effective strategies in
advance for proper management of change proposed by them because it can help to reach
the goals which are formed while implementing the change.
 One of the main step which should be taken by management to manage the change is to
analyse the future uncertainties which may take place due to it and then formulate
policies to deal with it. It will be beneficial to respond the negative conditions properly.
By paying attention towards reasons and recommendations which are discussed above
should be focused by the managers of Arcadia Group as with the help of them the managers can
implement and manage the change in systematic manner (Henderson and Boje, 2015).
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2.2 Options for an organisation that needs to make changes
While planning for change it is very important for the business entities to make sure that
they consider different options as it can help to select best suitable alternative from all of them. If
the management fails to assess different alternatives then it may result in inappropriate execution
of change. It may also create issues such as lower profits, lack of employee engagement etc. For
Arcadia Group it is very important to assess all the alternatives that are available to it as it needs
to implement the change (Options for change, 2020). All of them which are required to be
focused by the managers of the company are as follows:
 Cost reduction: It is one of the main option which is available to an organisation such as
Arcadia Group which is planning for the change. If it is adopted by the managers then
they have to formulate strategies according to the goals which could be accomplished by
making this type of change. For the purpose, of using this option they are required to
analyse financial records and then make appropriate judgements so that strategies for the
purpose of decreasing cost could be formulated.
 Experiment: This option is related to making strategies of launching a new product or
introducing the business in a new location. By selecting this option Arcadia Group can
make an experiment by introducing its smart phone in the market. It is considered as the
riskiest option in implementing change because the success in it could not be assured.
While selecting this option the managers should make sure that they analyse the market
situation by conducting research in advance (Hickman and Silva, 2018).
 Switching strategy: It is considered as one of the easiest option of change which could
be made by an organisation which is planing to implement a change. If it will be selected
by Arcadia Group then the managers can alter the existing strategies such as pricing,
financial planning etc. The management of the organisation can switch to penetration
pricing from competitive one. Main purpose for the selection of this option is to attract
customers, increase profits etc.
 Collaboration: This change includes a partnership with another company for the purpose
of acquiring a larger market share. Arcadia Group can adopt this strategy to increase its
market share by partnering with another entity in the same sector. It will help the
enterprise to increase the number of customers. One of the main drawback of this option
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is that the power of decision making of owners is required to be shared with other
partners who are going to join the enterprise (Hillson and Murray-Webster, 2017).
 Improving quality: This option of change is related to the making changes in production
processes so that the goods which are manufactured by an organisation could be
improved. If it is selected by Arcadia then the management have to formulate effective
strategies to provide improved quality items to the customers. With the help of it large
number of new clients could be attracted and the existing ones could be retained for long
period in future.
 Altering organisational culture: All the business entities follow some specific values,
beliefs, attitudes etc. which are considered as the part of their organisational culture.
Mainly, there are four main types of it which are role, power, person and task. This
option could be selected by Companies such as Arcadia Group for the purpose of altering
its culture from task to another one. Main purpose of it is to increase productivity of
employees and enhancing their motivation level.
 Restructuring: This option of change is also available to an organisation which needed
to implement change. By using this option different changes in organisational policies
could be brought. It could be selected by Arcadia Group and they can make changes in
working hours of employees, their roles, responsibilities etc.
All the above described options could be taken in to consideration by an organisation
which is required to implement a change or planning for the same (Jabri, 2017).
2.3 Evaluation of the operations and reasons for selecting one or set of options
There are various types of options which could be considered by organisation needed to
change. These are cost reduction, experiment, switching strategy, collaboration, improving
quality, altering organisational culture, restructuring etc. All of them are highly effective
alternatives which can help a business entity to select best suitable option or options for the
purpose of attaining growth in future.
If cost reduction will be selected by the management of an organisation such as Arcadia
Group the strategies which are required to be formed will be based upon financial position of the
company. If an enterprise is not having good position in the market and having weak financial
position then it is vital for it to make changes in its policies. While selecting experiment it is very
important for the management of company to make sure that they make such changes which
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could be adopted by customers, Selecting a strategy which portray a negative image of the
business in market may result adversely.
Switching strategies option is also a beneficial alternative which could be selected by
companies as it can help to bring efficiency in the operations. For example, by using it managers
can replace the old strategies with new ones so that they can increase the possibility of
generating higher profits. If it is not implemented systematically then it may result in
unfavourable events such as lower employee engagement and decreased profits. The option of
collaboration is also beneficial for the company as it will help to capture larger market share but
its selected also increases interference of partners in the decision making procedure. Improving
quality option could be selected by the management of they are facing problems such as
customer's complaints regarding bad quality of the products. If it is selected the the managers
have to make sure that they form strategy appropriately so that it may result positively.
Making modification in the organisational culture can also be selected for brining change
in the way in which business is executes. For example, if power culture is followed by an
organisation since a long period then they can replace it with role or task culture. It will help to
increase employee engagement and their motivation level (Olins, 2017). If task culture is
followed by the entity presently and it will be replaced by power then it will result in negative
responses of staff members. Therefore while taking decision for selecting this option it is very
important for the managers to determine its benefits and drawbacks. The last alternative is
related to restructuring in which internal changes are made and the policies are restructured for
the purpose of enhancing profits, efficiency of employees etc. If the decision in this option are
not formed properly then it will leave negative impact upon whole organisation.
Reasons for selection of particular or set of options: There are various reasons for
selecting one or more options for the purpose of making changes. Description of them is as
follows:
 Main reason for selecting one option is that it can help the company to make
improvement in the area which is not able to contribute in the development of business.
 Reason for selecting multiple option is that if an organisation is having various errors in
the business procedures then they can select different options for making changes. With
the help of it all areas which are negatively affecting functionality of business could be
modified systematically.
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TASK 3
3.1 Producing plans that prepare the organisation for change and support implementation
When an organisation decide to make a change in the policies or business structure then it
is very important for it to make sure that an effective plan is formulated which can help to
support the change properly (Padgham, Jabbour and Dietrich, 2015). If the management is not
able to generate a plan then it may leave negative impact upon the goals which are set by them
for execution of business in future. Arcadia Group can follow the following steps of the plan
which is formed for the purpose of be prepare for change and support it appropriately:
Step 1 – Defining the change and the goals related to it: It si the first stage where the
managers of the company will be required to define the change to the employees along with the
goals which could be achieved with the help of it. If they get failed in defining the change to staff
members then it may result in their resistance.
Step 2 – Determining the impacts and areas which may get affected due to changes:
At this stage the managers in Arcadia Group will be required to determine the impacts of change
which is proposed by them. With the help of it they can formulate effective strategies to deal
with the negative implications which could be resulted by the modification made by them. They
also determine the areas of the company which may get affected because of the change that will
be implemented within the entity in upcoming period (Pugh, 2016).
Step 3 – Developing communication strategy: This stage demonstrates that managers
are required to develop an effective strategy to interact with employees so that they could be
inspired to adopt the change. If management of Arcadia Group fails to communicate with staff
members effectively then it may leave negative impact upon the goals which are formed by
them.
Step 4 – Providing required training to staff: While implementing change it is very
important for top level executives to make sure that all the employees are familiar to the new
policies which are imposed by them. If any of the staff members is not having skills or
knowledge of the new policies then managers should form strategy to provide them training so
that they can contribute in the development of organisation.
Step 5 – Implementing support structure: This stage is related to acquisition of support
from the side of workforce so that the proposed plans for the implementation of change could be
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executed properly. If managers of Arcadia Group are not capable of getting support for staff
members then it will affect the functionality of business and lower work quality of employees.
Step 6 – Measuring the change process: It is last stage of plan which is required to
support the change which guide management to measure the process of implementation of
change so that the errors which are affecting it could be identified and resolved properly. At this
stage the managers are required to make sure that effective strategies are formed by them as it
can help to measure success of proposed plans (Roll, 2016).
By following the above described plan the management in Arcadia Group will be able to
be prepare for change and support it appropriately. If all the steps are followed in systematic
manner then it will be beneficial for the organisation achieve the goals which depends upon the
proposed change.
3.2 Monitoring and evaluating the change implementation
Change implementation is the process which is followed by business entities for the
purpose of making sure that the plans which are proposed by them are executed in effective
manner. In this procedure managers are also required to monitor and evaluate the process in
systematic manner so that the threats which may affect the goals in upcoming period could be
identified and responded in effective manner. As Arcadia Group is planning to implement a
change in the structure of the entity therefore it is very important for them to make sure that they
monitor and evaluate the change implementation properly (Russell-Jones, 2016).
For the purpose of monitoring management can formulate strategies such as interacting
with employees, determining the impacts of the change, assessing the advantages and benefits of
the proposed change procedures. With the help of it, managers in Arcadia Group will be able to
make sure that they have developed a plan to deal and manage the risks which may take place in
future. If the plan which is formulated by them is not able to result positively then it may result
in weak execution of all the long term business operations. Therefore, monitoring of change
implementation is a main part of the procedure.
Evaluation of the proposed change is also very important because with the help of it it
can be determined that the strategies which were formed for betterment of organisation have
resulted positively or negatively. If mangers in Arcadia Group are not able to evaluate the change
properly then it may leave adverse implications upon functionality of operations. With the help
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of proper evaluation of change implementation an organisation can formulate effective policies
for future which can help to deal with potential negative events arise in future.
3.3 Review of the success and failure of the change process
Change process is a set of different guidelines which are required to be focused by all the
business entities undergoing a change. With the help of it, management in the organisation will
be able to reach the long term business goals such as profit and sales maximisation (Tidd and
Bessant, 2018). When the change is implemented successfully then it is very important for the
management to make sure that they review the success of failure of the change process. There
are various types of elements which may result in failure and success. Some of them which may
result in context of Arcadia Group are as follows:
 When managers get full support from the side of staff members then it may result in
success of change procedure.
 Highly effective strategies and appropriate plan can result in success of change process as
it will guide the staff members to work according to specific guidelines.
 If employees became resistant to change then it may result in failure of the change
process as without their support it will be very difficult for management to attain success.
 Lack of guidance of senior executives to the employee can also affect the success and
result in failure of change as it will result in lower productivity of them.
By analysing the above discussion it has been determined that Arcadia Group have
formulated an effective plan for the implementation of change for the purpose of increasing
productivity of whole organisation and efficiency to generate profits. Proper plan for the support
of change implementation is also generated by the management which has resulted in proper
execution of all the proposed activities (Webb, 2017). Before making the decision regarding
change managers have analysed the positive and negative impacts of it which has benefited them
to make sure that they should implement or not. Apart from this different options for change are
also evaluated by them stick on their decision. All these steps which are taken by management of
Arcadia Group have resulted in successful change process. They have tried to resolve all the
issues of employees which helped them to implement the plans successfully and get positive
results from the same.
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CONCLUSION
From the above project report it has been concluded that managing change is the process
of taking some essential steps which can help to makes sure that the proposed plans will be
beneficial for future perspectives or not. All of them may leave resource impacts upon a
company because due to change process different resources such as finance, human capital will
get affected. All the changes which are planned by a company may result in positive as well as
negative implications because it is not possible to agree all the employees to for adapting the
change. There are different plans and arrangement which could be focused by management of a
company to accommodate the change. These are conducting formal meetings, communicating
with all the staff members personally and identifying reasons behind resistance of employees for
change. Different reasons for supporting the change team approach are improved performance of
organisation, higher profit margins and lower costs of projects. Different options which could be
considered by a company which is planning to make changes are experiment, switching strategy,
restructuring, cost reduction, altering organisational culture, improving quality, collaboration etc.
There are different stages of the plan which could be followed for the purpose of supporting and
being prepared for the change. These are defining the change and the goals related to it,
determining the impacts and areas which may get affected due to changes, developing
communication strategy, providing required training to staff, etc. Apart from this management is
also required to focus of few more steps which are implementing support structure and
measuring the change process.
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Online
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Options for change. 2020. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.diycommitteeguide.org/resource/strategic-options-managing-change>
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