Difference Between Leaders and Managers in Operations Management

This document discusses the difference between leaders and managers in operations management. It explores their roles and functions, as well as the importance and value of management of operations. The document also analyzes and evaluates different theories of leadership and key approaches to management of operations.

MANAGEMENT
OPERATIONS

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................4
P 1 difference between leaders and managers.............................................................................4
M 1 Analyze and differentiate the role of leader and function of manager.................................6
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................6
P 2 Roles of leaders and functions of managers that are required and applied in the situations
that is unique and different..........................................................................................................6
M 2 strength and weakness of different approaches to situations...............................................8
D 1 analyze and evaluate different theories of leadership...........................................................8
P 3 Theories of leadership with their strength and weaknesses...................................................8
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................9
P 4 Key approaches to management of operations and role of leaders and managers................9
P 5 Importance and value of management of operations...........................................................10
M 3 leaders and mangers can improve efficiencies of management.........................................11
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................11
P 6 Pestle Analysis of John Lewis & Partners...........................................................................11
M 4 how these factors affect the environment of business........................................................12
D 2 evaluate factors of operations management and impact on the environment of business. .12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Operations management is chiefly concerned with planning, organizing and supervising in the
contexts of production, manufacturing or the provision of services. As such, it is delivery-
focused, ensuring that an organization successfully turns inputs to outputs in an efficient manner.
John Lewis & Partners is a brand of high-end department stores operating throughout Great
Britain. Concessions are also located in the Republic of Ireland and Australia. This report
contains issues such as difference between leaders and managers. Roles of leaders and functions
of managers that are required and applied in the situations that is unique and different. Theories
of leadership with their strength and weaknesses. Key approaches to management of operations
and role of leaders and managers. Importance and value of management of operations and Pestle
Analysis of John Lewis & Partners.
LO1
P 1 difference between leaders and managers
Basis Leaders Managers
Definition They have a skill which boosts the
morale of employees of the company
so that they can complete the work
effectively and get the expected results
of the company. Another job of the
leaders of the company is to prepare
their members of the team for future
goals and inspire them with their
work. By engaging them in a
communication with them they share
their skills and ideas and by that other
people get influenced so that they can
follow the path which is the same as
the path of the leaders.
Managers are the ones who has to
look after the work of employees and
make sure that protocol of work
provided by them is being followed
or not. Managers of the company
look after the operations because they
are in charge and some of them are
assigned to them by the company.
They work on the factors that are
both internal and external to solve the
factor of risk. This way they help the
company to make their way and
achieve their objectives.

Risk Leaders of the company are not scared
of taking risk in fact they are known
for taking risk. They explore new
things so that they can begin new
venture as they have the experience to
go through with it. They are not sure
that they will attain success in every
area but they believe in trying and
finding it out on their own after
making a calculative decision. They
won’t rest until they have find a way
that leads them to success (Lu, Lubbad
and Løset, 2018).
Managers of John Lewis & Partners
analyze all the aspects which contains
risk so that it can be minimized and
chances of achieving success
increases. Managers are known for
controlling the factors of the
operations that can affect the outcome
of it. They are the ones who embraces
to grab the opportunities and work on
it so that decisions taken does not
turn out to be a mess for the
company.
Relationship
and structure
Leaders of the company states that
they are the ones who will determine
the vision of the company and
maintain the relationship with their
employees as well as their clients.
They believe that if they spend more
time with them they will be able to
gain their trust and make them believe
in their vision so that they can meet
with the results that are expected by
them.
Managers of the company on the
other hand states that they work on
keeping the structure of the company
strong so that external factors are not
able to break it. They assess all the
conditions so that they can work on
outcomes that are expected and make
it true. They maintain coordination
with the members of the team that are
assigned for the project so that they
can make sure that they are successful
in achieving the objectives of the
company.
Authority Leaders of the company has the
authority to take decisions that are of
high level and need their experience
so that decisions taken by them can
bring improvement in the level of
Managers have authority but the
authority that they have works on a
different level. They have to work on
the basis of instructions they have
been guided to which comes from the

results. Also the force of nature on
they work is believed to be authentic
and transparent (Lisano and
Kallemeyn, 2017).
leaders of the company. the authority
that the managers have does not allow
them to take decisions that are of high
level. It can only be done when leader
has asked them to take their position
because of the issue of presence in the
company and its branch. The
authority that they have without
restriction is that they can make
decisions for the lower level of
management such as adapting change
in the culture, hiring, recruiting,
selection or firing of the employees.
This way they form a team which
helps them to meet the goals and
objectives of the company.
Vision and
Goals
Leaders have the vision on the basis of
which they establish the base of the
company. It is necessary that they
ensure the vision must be on that level
which inspires the employees to turn it
and increase the possibility of it so
that it can be converted into a reality.
The vision that they have states that
leaders of the company thinks out of
the box which is totally different and
unique. Teams which give them better
results and performs by putting all of
their efforts. The company trusts these
employees to work up to their
potential and achieve the goals which
Managers have to follow the path
which is set by the leaders of the
company which is basically the vision
of the company. They need to control
the externalities so that factors which
affects the growth are reduced and it
is easy for the members of the team to
focus on the area of productivity and
profitability for the company (Dias
and et.al., 2018).

are set on the vision of the company.
M 1 Analyze and differentiate the role of leader and function of manager
Leader plays a role that helps the company to work for their vision which is also set by them on
the other hand manager of the company makes sure that the team selected for the vision are
performing according to it or not (Fahron-Hussey, Fahron-Hussey and Valussi, 2019).
LO 2
P 2 Roles of leaders and functions of managers that are required and applied in the situations that
is unique and different
Turnover of Labor-
It is considered as a common problem for the companies such as John Lewis & Partners
as they are maintaining their operations on a big scale which makes it difficult for the managers
of the company to keep a control on these aspects. It is important that quick actions are taken to
resolve this issue so that they can go back to normal. If company deals with this aspect on a high
level then they will face issues such as image of the brand will be affected, quality of delivery
will be affected. To fight this leaders and managers of the company work with the styles that
suits best to them so that this situation can be overcome (Engelsberger and Greiner, 2018).
Conflict between employees-
This can happen between anyone and in any company. There are many reasons to it such
as difference of opinion on an issue, discrimination in the company, misconfusion, problems in
levels of communication etc. in order to overcome this issue leaders of John Lewis & Partners
has to put members into a team so that they can work in coordination and improve the
relationship with each other. This way they will start engaging in a communication with each
other and share the details so that conflicts can be reduced. Also managers listen to their
problems in order to make them feel that the environment is work friendly.
Poor productivity-

This aspect can put many obstacles in the path of John Lewis & Partners. This situation
states that in order to overcome it leaders of the company needs to provide them with effective
training and the opportunity so that they can grasp it and improve the performance of both
themselves and the company. on the other hand manager comes up with approaches and way
through which they can work on improving the quality of the products.
M 2 strength and weakness of different approaches to situations
Leaders and managers of the company works on different approaches and that approaches
have their own strength and weakness. It depends on them that how are they able to grasp it. The
way of their use will make the path of success for the company (Yahia, and et.al., 2017).
D 1 analyze and evaluate different theories of leadership.
On the basis of theories it has been stated that no one style is effective which is for the
leaders of the company and the success of it relies on their ability that how effectively are they
able to change their style on the basis of demand of the situation.
P 3 Theories of leadership with their strength and weaknesses
Situational leadership-
Situational leaders takes the style of leadership as per the condition of situation which
means it can be anything such as autocratic, democratic, transformational etc.
Strength and weakness-
In order to adapt it in the right manner it is necessary that they understand the needs of
people and gain their trust and have skills that are critically for thinking. The weakness of this
style is that it does not look after the goals that are long term and it is not useful in the
environment where operations are task oriented.
System leadership-
It is that theory which is interdisciplinary about the system and its complexity. This
theory works on the belief that a system needs to be made where leaders make it possible for
employees of different department to work together. They believe that with this they can
improve the productivity of the organization (Ochieng and et.al., 2018).

Strength and Weakness-
The strength of this theory is to adapt change instantly and focus on the development of
employee as well as the company. Weakness of this theory is it is not considered as a practical
theory and the decisions taken through this approach does not turn out to be effective. Also it
does not work for small business (Lu and et.al., 2016).
Contingency leadership-
This style of leadership matches the level of contingency and his abilities to match the
style of leadership with the situation. It believes that no one theory can work for all situations. It
is the ability of leader that will determine the success of the company.
Strength and Weakness-
The strength of this theory is that it helps to predict the nature and more focus is given to
the situations and style of leadership. It helps to make the process of making decision more
effective. The weakness of it is that it consumes so much time and is a complex process to take
help of (Schultz and et.al., 2020).
LO 3
P 4 Key approaches to management of operations and role of leaders and managers
Six Sigma-
This aspect has a specific set of tools which helps the John Lewis & Partners to bring
improvement in their process. The company has been successful in taking out the production
output with improved quality. With the help of this aspect they can remove the deviations in the
process and reduce the levels of variables in the stages of manufacturing. This method is based
on a statistical approach so that quality can be managed. They have set steps in the stages on the
basis of statistical approach to manage the quality and reach the goal they have set.
Lean Manufacturing-
With the help of this model John Lewis & Partners are able to reduce the level of wastage
in the stages of manufacturing and this is done after keeping in mind that none of these steps

taken affects the profitability of the company. This method focus on the belief that only those
things will be added in the procedure which contains value and everything else will not be
considered. This is done solely for the purpose of satisfying the customers. Most of the aspects of
this model is taken by the system that was determined by Toyota and the success they achieved
through it inspired all the other companies in the market.
Queuing Theory-
This theory works on a approach that is mathematical so that they can predict the time
one person has to spend in the line. With the help of this model John Lewis & Partners take out
estimations of time. This method can help them to make way to distribute the route and it can be
fundamental. The perception of the customers need to be understood by the company. Many of
the customer change their idea of going into store when they see the line outside is too long.
Many of them wait but run out of patience and leave it. It is necessary that John Lewis &
Partners come up with a strategy so that they can serve more customers.
P 5 Importance and value of management of operations
Total Quality Management-
This approach states that all the aspects that adds value to the company and which are
considered as core needs to put their focus on improving the quality of products and services so
that they can meet their needs and wants. This method believes that role played by everyone in
the company is important irrespective of the level of management and helps to work on the
quality of products.
Just in time-
This model helps John Lewis & Partners to align the materials that are used in the stages
of production and reduce the waste so that they can increase the level of efficiency. With the help
of it they are able to reduce the cost that is incurred on holding the inventory. In order to use it
successfully it is necessary that managers of the company analyze the needs of the market first
and predict the demand. It is important to have effective machines and the suppliers who can
make materials available at time other wise this strategy will not be able to succeed. Overall it
helps the money to reduce the cost of investment put in the stage.

Kaizen-
This strategy is concerned with helping the company to bring on improvements in the
activities on a continuous basis. It undertakes all the people which includes CEO to a worker.
This method is taken by many companies such as banking, government, healthcare etc. this
approach was also started by Toyota and because of the achievement in many sectors it received
recognition and gained success. If it is done successfully then company will be able to remove
the load of work on employees.
M 3 leaders and mangers can improve efficiencies of management
Many theories have been assessed such as Six sigma, lean manufacturing, queuing theory
through which both the leaders and managers of the company has been able to improve their
performance.
LO 4
P 6 Pestle Analysis of John Lewis & Partners
Political Factors-
These factors are concerned with the political interference of the government of the
country which affects the business. The decision of Brexit has affected the business of the
company as there are many restrictions on trade and the cost of products has also increased. It is
necessary that they comply with these issues so they have the knowledge of what strategies and
steps they need to take for the improvement of business.
Economic Factors-
These factors are concerned with the level of employment, rate of inflation, standard of
living of people etc. these factors needs to be addressed as the business of the company relies on
it. On the basis of it John Lewis & Partners needs to set their strategy of pricing. It is necessary
that the strategy implemented complies with the condition of the economy so that they can
increase the chances of success in the market.
Social Factors-

The line of the company is dealing in department stores which involves many products
whose demands, trends and consumption pattern keeps on changing. In order to be successful
company needs to offer that goods which are in demand such as healthy products as people are
more health conscious (Schönsleben, 2016).
Technological Factors-
These factors helps the company to make their load of work easy so that they can look
after other areas which needs their attention. With the help of these products they can sell their
products online across the world and increase the reach through which they will be able to serve
more customers.
Environmental Factors-
These factors are concerned with sustaining and looking after the environment. John
Lewis & Partners are making a contribution in these factors so that they can get assistance from
government and improve the image of the brand in the market. With this they will be able to
sustain the environment and expand the scale of business.
Legal Factors-
These factors are concerned with the laws and regulations that is imposed by the
government of the country. John Lewis & Partners maintains their operations in different
countries which means that they need to comply with these so that they can survive in the market
for long without any legal action taken by anyone against the company as that can affect the
credibility of the brand in the market.
M 4 how these factors affect the environment of business
With the help of these factors they are able to be ready for the threats that can come in
future and affect the business of the company. This way they will analyze the market and adapt
the trends soon so that they can achieve success.

D 2 evaluate factors of operations management and impact on the environment of business
The factors of management of operations assess that more the quality offered by business
and more they focus on the attributes of Kaizen they will meet the level of satisfaction of
consumers.
CONCLUSION
From the above studies it has been concluded that leaders and managers of the company needs to
use the strategies that are covered in the report effectively. It is necessary that they invest in the
area of their training and development and make them use to work with each other so that they
can work as a team and achieve more goals for the company. It is up to the ability of the leader to
make the company successful. Duty of manager is to look after the risk that are external to the
environment and control them so that chances of achieving success are more.

REFERENCES
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