Investigating the Need and Ways of Cross-Cultural Training in Healthcare Services

MB759 Dissertation
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ABSTRACT
The present investigation is providing information about investigating the need
and ways of cross-cultural training within the health care services. The aim of this
investigation is “To investigate the need and ways of cross-cultural training within the
healthcare services in an organization in the United Arab Emirates.” In healthcare, there
are language barriers that arise in providing care to the patients and face the
complexities in hearing the patients. In the research methodology, there has been
researching onion used by consisting the different layers. The positivism research
philosophy was used because it is based on the quantitative research method and
provides relevant and authentic information regarding a particular subject area. The
inductive research approach has been used because it provides the theoretical
information and considers the perspective of the different authors. There has been a
quantitative research method used because it consists of the facts and figures regarding
investigating the need and ways of cross-cultural training within the health care
services. For the collection of information, the primary method of data collection has
been used by developing the questionnaire.
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Table of Contents
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................4
Overview of Research.........................................................................................................4
Background of Research....................................................................................................4
Rationale of Research........................................................................................................5
Research Aim.......................................................................................................................5
Research Objectives...........................................................................................................6
Research Questions............................................................................................................6
Chapter structure.................................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.......................................................................................8
Need of cross cultural training and the ways in which it can be implemented in the
healthcare sector.................................................................................................................8
Challenges which are raised in organising the cross cultural trainings in the
healthcare sector...............................................................................................................11
Strategies through which the practitioners can bring improvement in cross cultural
trainings in healthcare sector...........................................................................................14
Summary of chapter..........................................................................................................17
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................18
Research philosophy.........................................................................................................18
Research approach...........................................................................................................19
Research Choice...............................................................................................................20
Research Strategy.............................................................................................................21
Data collection....................................................................................................................22
Sampling.............................................................................................................................23
Data analysis......................................................................................................................23
Ethical consideration.........................................................................................................24
Reliability and validity........................................................................................................24
ANALYSIS....................................................................................................................................25
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CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................51
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................51
Recommendations.............................................................................................................53
REFERENCES............................................................................................................................54
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Title - A Study Investigating the need and ways of cross-cultural training within the
health care services. A study on Philips in the United Arab Emirates.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Overview of Research
Cross-cultural training is defined as training provided to staff members concerned
with cultural differences among nations. Awareness of which assists in running the
business smoothly across nations. It is necessary for doing the business by consisting
several cultures as well as nations. Mainly cross-cultural training promotes self-
confidence in people and teams by empowering them with a sense of control over
complex challenges at the workplace (Danso, 2018). In context to the healthcare sector,
language barriers develop safety and quality-related issues for the LEP and Deaf and
Hard of Hearing Patients. The barriers are related to poor quality of care in the
emergency departments, high rate of medical errors, and inadequate diagnosis
communication. In regards to this, the impact of sociocultural factors, ethnicity, and race
on clinical care is enhancing necessary in the delivery of healthcare.The research is
mainly about the need and ways of cross-cultural training within the health care
services. Communication and patient care are influenced by sociocultural variations
between the patient and the practitioner. Evidence demonstrates that patient
satisfaction, adherence and as a result, health outcomes are all tied to provider-patient
communication. As the nation becomes more diverse, health care practitioners, health
care institutions, and policymakers will face new possibilities and problems in
developing and delivering culturally competent treatments. The capacity of physicians
and organizations to efficiently offer health care services that satisfy the social, cultural,
and linguistic requirements of patients is referred to as cultural competency. People with
chronic situations need health services, therefore, enhancing the interaction with
healthcare systems. If in case healthcare organizations and providers are not working to
give competent care culturally then patients are at more risk of having negative health
issues. Minimum quality patient-physician interaction is related to less satisfaction with
healthcare (Hareven, 2018).
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Background of Research
Cross-cultural training is valuable to develop a productive and professional
relationship with clients and patients. It helps in improvement in the working relationship
among the diverse staff members. This facilitates delivery of the health as well as
wellness-related services. Cultural training for the healthcare professionals focus on
knowledge and skill set that value the diversity and enhance awareness about the
providers. Training helps in provide the facts regarding patients' culture or consists of
complex interventions for an instance explore potential barriers to the care and
intercultural communication skills training (Deardorff and Arasaratnam-Smith, 2017).
The cross-cultural training for healthcare professionals helps in improving the
knowledge of providers and skills for treating the patients linguistically and culturally.
This kind of training can help in improving the satisfaction level of patients. In some of
the circumstances, patients whose providers are completed the training have a better
opinion regarding clinical.
Rationale of Research
The rationale behind conducting a present investigation is to determine the ways
of cross-cultural training within the healthcare services in an organization in the United
Arab Emirates. Cross-cultural training helps in enhancing the skills of employees
regarding cultural differences. This investigation is mainly conducted in a personal and
professional context. The personal context behind conducting the present investigation
is that it provides in-depth knowledge about the concepts regarding cross-cultural
training in the context of the healthcare sector. Other than this, in a professional context,
an investigator can able to determine the issues that healthcare practitioners face
regarding working with the different culture staff (Kurpis, and Hunter, 2017). Culture
awareness is developing continuously as culture and people are changing frequently. It
will be enhancing the research and analytical skills of a researcher and they can able to
perform any kind of investigation in the future.
Research Aim
The research aim is to express an aspiration or intention of the research study.
This summarises in a single sentence what an individual hope to attain at end of the
investigation. An investigator should be phrased and specific in such a manner that this
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is possible to determine when this has been attained. In this present investigation, the
researcher wants to attain information about the need and ways of cross-cultural
training within health care services (Borkowski and Meese, 2020).
The aim of this research is “To investigate the need and ways of cross-cultural
training within the healthcare services in an organization in the United Arab Emirates.”
Research Objectives
These explain concisely what an investigation is trying to attain. They mainly
summarise attaining an investigator wished to attain by project and gives direction to
study. The research objectives are mainly explaining what an investigation is trying to
be attained. They mainly summarise attainments an investigator wishes to accomplish
by projects and give proper direction to study (Ring, Nyquist, and Mitchell, 2018).
 To identify the need for cross-cultural training and the ways in which it can be
implemented in the healthcare sector.
 To assess the challenges which are raised in organizing cross-cultural training in
the healthcare sector.
 To recommend various strategies through which the practitioners can bring
improvement in cross-cultural training in the healthcare sector.
Research Questions
It is a question that the research project sets out to be answered. Selecting the
research question is a necessary component of the qualitative and quantitative
investigation. The research question addresses issue by analysis and interpretation of
data that answer in the conclusion of the study. The main purpose of the research
question is to determine and specific research objectives and will address them
effectively (Jaffee, Shires and Stroumsa, 2016).
 What is the need for cross-cultural training and the ways in which it can be
implemented in the healthcare sector?
 What are various challenges which are raised in organizing cross-cultural training
in the healthcare sector?
 What are the various strategies practitioners can bring improvement in cross-
cultural training in the healthcare sector?
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Chapter structure
The research structure is generally an outline of work and expected to give
chapter structure towards the end of the introduction chapter in the dissertation.
Different chapters involved in the dissertation mention below:
Introduction- This chapter is an outline of an investigation as it provides an
overview of the thesis. This contains an explanation of the research background and
gives the rationale for the selection of the research area. This chapter of research
contains an explanation regarding the research aim, objectives, and questions (Danso,
2018).
Literature review- It contains the theoretical models which have been introduced
previously to the research area. The main aim of the literature review is to attain the
research objectives by using secondary methods. Different secondary sources consist
of books, journals, internet sources, and others. It consists of viewpoints of the other
authors related to the research area in general and research issues in specific have
been presented logically. Other than this, the main purpose of conducting the literature
review is to gain an understanding of existing research related to the need and ways of
cross-cultural training within the health care services.
Research methodology- This chapter explains how to conduct an investigation
and permitting the reader to assess the validity. It provides sufficient detail regarding the
methodology used to replicate the study. It consists of the research onion framework by
consisting of the different layers for instance research philosophy, research approach,
research strategy, data collection method, data analysis, sampling, and ethical
consideration (Hareven, 2018).
Findings and Analysis- This chapter of the dissertation presents analysis results
in context to research questions. It consists of the analysis of data collected through the
primary method of data collection. Other than this, findings should be based on the
literature review in which information is gathered from secondary sources.
Conclusion and Recommendations- It is the final chapter in research that wraps
the dissertation with a final reflection. The conclusion should answer the main research
question leaving the reader with an understanding of the central argument and
emphasize the contribution. It consists the recommendations for future research.
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