Classes of Neurons and Neuroglia in CNS: Structure, Function, and Associated Diseases

Essay

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
In this documentation, it focuses on the central nervous system and identifying its
significant role in terms of communication. In some cases, it harder for performing different
tasks and finding the causes of diseases. The essay will describe the classes of neurons and also
identifying its entire structure, functions. Furthermore, it will identify the importance of
neuroglia classes in terms of CNS and identify its functioning. However, it will be demonstrated
the different disease associated with lack of myelin.
MAIN BODY
Describe the classes of neurons and the major structures
The cells that form the nervous system and brain are known as Neurons. These are of
different types and perform special functions in the muscles, brain and spinal cord. Neurons can
be divided into three classes, namely, sensory, motor and interneurons. Sensory neurons are
those nerve cells which get activated when there is a sensory input from the environment. The
neurons which send signals to the brain and the nervous system when an individual touches a hot
surface are included in the class of sensory neurons. Neurons belonging to this class can be
activated by physical inputs such as sound, heat, touch or by chemical inputs such as taste or
smell.
Motor neurons form a part of the Central Nervous systems (CNS). These perform the
work of connecting to muscles, organs and glands in the body (Brehmer, 2021). These neurons
perform the work of transmitting impulses from spinal cord to muscles of skeletal and smooth
type. In this way, motor neurons are responsible for direct control of all the muscle movements.
The motor neurons are divided into two types, lower and upper motor neurons.
Interneurons are those that connect the motor neurons with the sensory neurons. These
perform the work of transferring signals between sensory and motor neurons. The interneurons
can also communicate with each other by developing various complex circuits.
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