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Human Nervous System and Endocrine System PDF

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Added on  2021-05-31

Human Nervous System and Endocrine System PDF

   Added on 2021-05-31

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Running head: REPORT ON HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMREPORT ON HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMName of the student:Name of the University:Author note:
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1REPORT ON HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMTable of ContentsHuman Nervous System..................................................................................................................2Reflex Action:..............................................................................................................................3Human Endocrine System...............................................................................................................4Pituitary Gland:............................................................................................................................5Pineal Gland.................................................................................................................................7Thyroid Gland..............................................................................................................................7Parathyroid Gland........................................................................................................................7Thymus Gland.............................................................................................................................7Adrenal Gland..............................................................................................................................7Pancreas.......................................................................................................................................8Gonad Gland................................................................................................................................8Mode of Action of Steroid Hormone and Water-soluble Hormone............................................8Positive and Negative Feedback Regulation...................................................................................9Reference:......................................................................................................................................10
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2REPORT ON HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMHuman Nervous SystemHuman body is made up of different systems and one of the most important systems isthe nervous system that transmitted signals between different parts of the system in order tocoordinate different actions. The nervous system is consisted of two parts – Central NervousSystem or CNS and Peripheral Nervous System or PNS (Woolsey, Hanaway and Gado 2017).The unit of nervous system is known as Neuron. The main function of t he neuron is to transferinformation throughout the body by the help of synapses. Some inhibitory neurons are present inthe CNS, which play an important role in maintaining homeostasis in order to manage theexcitation and inhibition activities. Neuron is made up of three major parts; cell body, dendriteand axon. According to function, there are three types of neuron – sensory neuron, motor neuronand interneuron (Gurney 2014).Sensory Neuron and Its Function:Sensory neuron is the neurons of nerve cells.. Sensory neuron is activated through somesensory inputs. Such sensory inputs can be classified into two types; physical inputs andchemical inputs. Physical inputs include heat, light, sound and sight. The main function of thesensory neuronis to carry signals to the brain and spinal cord from sense organs. Sensory neuronaccepts external stimuli from the environment through the receptors and converts them intointernal electrical impulse.Motor Neuron and Its Function:Motor neuron is present in the spinal cord and they are the part of central nervous system.Motor neuron is connected to the glands, muscles and other organs of the human body. It
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3REPORT ON HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMtransmits impulse to the skeletal muscle and smooth muscle from spinal cord to control themovements of the muscles.Interneuron and Its Function:Interneuron is the connector of the sensory neuron and the motor neuron. The mainfunction of the interneuron is to relay the signal between sensory neuron and the motor neuron.Thus, it is known as relay neuron.Reflex Action:After being stimulated by external stimuli, the receptors send signal to the central nervoussystem and the signal is coordinated by the brain. Sometimes, the response is very quick so thatthere is no need of involvement of the brain. Such action is known as reflex action. For example,a person moves away his or her hand after touching any hot object. It is a reflex action, as thebrain needs not to think about moving away the hand from the hot object. It happens because,receptors of the sensory neuron feel the sudden change in the external environment and thesensory neuron sends the signal to the motor neuron through the interneuron, the motor neuronthen transmits the signal to the effecter and the effecter produces instantaneous response to thesignal.
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