Project Life Cycle Management Strategies

This assignment discusses the importance of project life cycle management in designing and developing specific projects according to customers' needs and requirements. It also touches on contemporary management of temporomandibular joint disorders, social conformity and nonconformity, belief systems and ideologies, and recent advances in muscle research. The assignment provides a summary of various articles and journals related to project life cycle management and its impact on strategies.

Operation and Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Execution of operations administration value in organisation..........................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P2 Cohesiveness in betterment program supported on revaluation and investigation...........6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P3 Components of Product Life Cycle ..................................................................................8
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P4 Effectual of PLC in application of projection.................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Operation administration is very essential for an organisation which help in handling with
big organisation. This is important that company administrator need to check or investigate
employees who will pursuing within an enterprise in better way. There are some concern action
or purpose which can affiliated with each other effectual. There are certain possibility which
activity are totally accompanying to each other so this will reducing the manufacturing time and
wastage of unnecessary resources. This report is based on XYZ company which has good
goodwill in the large market place (Antonio Martins and Ramos Martins, 2012). An organisation
primarily deals with merchandising, manufacturing and marketing particular commodity such as
TV, refrigerator, wash device, cookware etc. In this project, principle of operation management
and their major application in firm as well as prepare continuous betterment program that is
based on administration and procedure which can be discussed. The primary purpose of this
project is to realise work breakdown structure utilized in PLC and concept display the
effectiveness of implementation of PLC.
TASK 1
P1 Execution of operations administration value in organisation
Every organization has several management teams that governs to perform particular
task. Operation management is administration of business practices on the higher level authority,
it work in precise strategy that work efficiently with raw material and labour to produce
outcome. It conduct all entire process to develop end goods and service with maximize efforts
and minimize resources.
Operation management manages designing and controlling process of production and
redesigning organisational activities. It has responsibilities to plan, organize, and supervise
processes, it also involves improvement if required (Beringer, Jonas and Kock, 2013). It
identifies modifications and prepare strategies through analysing and measuring existing process.
XYZ organization follows some principle that are describe below, that helps to implement
management planning to produce product and services.
Operation Management Principles:
Operation management has some principles that helps to implement strategies, that are as
follows:
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Reality – Operational management has a major focus on problem instead of techniques.
There is no universal solution for a problem. It is better to think about a tool because only that
one help.
Organization – All process are organize in logical way, so that they can produce, so that
all parts can work in parallel manner. Manufacturing is an interrelated process (Blomquist and et.
al., 2010).
Principles – Effective production is supported upon fundamental bonding. This
adherence is relation of production. Because it maintain accurate records, documents, subject. It
provides best possibility to endure, because it have all information about resources which are
used to construct goods.
Responsibility – Under accountability manager sets rules, metrics, obligations. It
compares metrics to determine actual output against goal. It analyse structure and take correct
action if it is necessary. It manages company's account which help to predict forecast.
Variance – Variance reduces cost because it is inherent, if in stage it estimate low cost
then it encourages to use options and enhance variety. If manages very well it promotes
creativity.
Causality – Symptoms like urgent transport, late number, income, etc which are faced
by mangers are demand for attending. Managers fight with these problem to solve this again and
again. Find root cause to get rid out from problems.
Managed passion – Employees are foremost driver of a company as in XYZ, if workers
are not passionate about their occupation,company will fall down. Because they gives
development to a company,its their challenging activity which matters to inclination of a
company.
Humility – Managers should not look at their limitations, they often come to
circumstances with which they are familiar. So disregard the boundary and get help to acquire
and move (Brauers and Zavadskas, 2010). Because great director do not waffle to acquire from
others. It is good unless it will not pay from company, if not acquiring help is risky for
enterprise.
Attainment - Success always depends on customer. Industry changes so looking at the
previous record try to establish new market area. Definition of success must be revised. Because
choices changes over time so attainment must not stay at one point.
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Change – An organization should not stay with one hand, it should change with
modifying rules. Alteration increase a long life of business.
SIX SIGMA:
SIX SIGMA is a form which is used to better quality of functional administration by
eliminating errors and defect, it also reduces cost, and saves time. It is important to high – end
engineering and manufacturing for quality purpose (Fernández-Sánchez and Rodríguez-López,
2010). SIX SIGMA toolkit is packed with toolkit, that can solve administration, operations, and
attribute difficulty.
It has major tools like DMAIC stands for define, measure, analyse, improve and control.
DMAIC implies to-
Illustration 1: DMAIC, 2017
(Source: DMAIC, 2017)
Define – Define refers to customer demand or directions that have to accomplish for a
certain task. At this stage, project team need to access some existing information which help in
identify problem. They improve the data while collecting facts and they confirm that there is an
indicator of such issue. For example; before designing home appliances like; TV or any other
product, company is going to acquire proper information about the raw materials which is used
while producing.
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Measure – It measure current process, changes from beginning and existing state, future
requirement to achieve goals. In this stage, team member require to determine current procedure
and also focus on arising issues which need to be overcome. After that, measure the reliability of
data on the basis of facts and figures rather than assumptions. It means, this phase is going to
measure the procedure with the help of monitoring method for identifying that in what time TV
will going to produced in proper manner.
Analyse - Analysation search basic problems, so that it can be known what
modifications can be made to meet target. At this stage, the project team members can easily
identifying the cause of problem in the data. After that, properly examine the detailed procedure
of measure phase. Proper analysis is requisite for determining the need of improvement while
producing TV.
Improve – What improvisation are needed to attain objective. It looks at ever
possibilities which needs modification. In this phase, when project team members are satisfied
with their information and determined that additional analysis does not add to evaluating their
issues. Then they require to collect improvement ideas and thoughts for developing project so
this will lead towards innovative solution. Now in this stage, company will overcome the
problem which is identified that is; shortage of additional raw material while designing
Television by taking corrective initiatives.
Control – Control is take over to entire procedure to meet the final result. So that every
step can be pipelined with control (Robichaud and Anantatmula, 2010). At this stage, they
require to managed and monitored the performance procedure. During control phase, they start
the document as per the requirement of customers and satisfying their needs for completing
project in proper structure.
Lean principle:
XYZ company follows lean principle that generates idea within firm. In lean principle,
there are five keys namely – Define Value, map value stream, create flow, establish pull, pursuit
perfection. These are as follows:
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Define Value – This value identify customer, it determine how much cost customer
wants to pay against product and services (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). This passes through
top – down goal cost that is followed by firm. It is focused on costing so that it can achieve target
cost by reducing waste and price from business iteration, so that end user can gain low cost with
great profit.
Map Value Stream – Value stream identify steps for each product life cycle, from
providing raw materials to delivering final product to end user. This recognize all activities
through out procedure, it can be design, manufacturing, production, HR, administration, delivery,
or customer service. As its name depicts, an idea which draws on map, flow of process, that
helps to meet aim by examining unwanted steps that are irrelevant. It is a principle of re-
engineering.
Create Flow – Creating flow comes after value stream, it makes all iteration flow
smoothly without being in any interruption, delays, hurdle. Those steps which are found value
creating in previous state bound them in sequence so that product and services will pass to
customer.
Establish Pull – Pull precede that just -in -time approach, it produces things on customer
order. It make simple delivery of product whenever needed (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2012). It
don't need to stock materials. It create expensive inventory that needs to be managed, which
saves finance for both maker and customer.
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Illustration 2: Lean Principle, 2018
(Source: Lean Principle, 2018)

Pursue Perfection- This step stated that there is always reach of improvement. This steps
accent on daily appraisal on operations and follow best among them.
TASK 2
P2 Cohesiveness in betterment program supported on revaluation and investigation
Continuous Improvement And Its Meaning
Continuous improvement is a defined procedure for understanding shortcoming and
feedbacks and their modification in business structure (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016).
Continual improvement helps in providing more satisfaction to customers and their approaches.
This helps them in giving better planning for increasing profitability for organisation. It is a
continual process for better understanding of interfaces between customers and organisation.
CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT PLAN
Provider
Date
Source Anticipated Outcome Recent performance
level
Improvement in
strategies
Promotional events Due to lack of
promotion activities it
is difficult for them to
increase their reach to
customers.
Due to lack in
marketing practices
customers are doubtful
in purchasing
television. As the
information of product
has not reached to
customers adequately
For selling their
product in business
market an organisation
must make sure that
they have right
promotional activity
for better
understanding of their
product.
After sales services People have different
conception that
organisation will not
Customer have
thinking that warranty
period must be
More service centre
must be opened for
increasing their reach
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response after selling
their product.
increased for
organisation.
to customers. By
providing better
customer services and
feedbacks reception
centre an organisation
can perform better in
increasing their brand
value in in different
geographical market.
Continuous improvement plan and its effect
From above mentioned element, it is ascertained that the preparation may turn out to be
an n effectual implement for proceeding of XYZ company. Accordant to investigating it is
observed that the company have to generate innovative ideas in their merchandise having better
production and promotion of their products (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2012). By implementing
innovative ideas many shortcoming of the business can be overcome. Manager can plan different
research methodology for better execution of their commodity in business activity. Company can
plan amended encouragement action by choosing different intermediate of publicity of their
merchandise in concern marketplace.
Company must ensure that they provide better sales and services after the product is
being delivered that will increase their effectiveness in business market. After the product is
being delivered company must organise several customer care for resolving issues and
shortcoming that arises after delivering their products
Effective strategies for implementation of continuous improvement plan
This process is managed by manager in an organisation that may involve buyers and
their response. It will be beneficial for organisation if customer feedbacks are collected and
proper qualitative and quantitative analysis is done on them. This will increase loyalty and faith
among customers towards the given company. Improvements can be applied by following
several action in organisation those are as follows.
Good employee employer relationship- For having advantage in business activities
organisation must maintain better relationship with employees and employees (Lenfle and Loch,
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2010).. This will aid company to understand better about customer base in different geographical
region.
Proper communication channel- Better communicating channel between employment,
worker and client will create a positive business environment that will aid in proper growth and
development of organisation in business structure.
Priority to employees need- Manager in XYZ organisation must insure that they provide
precedence worker and give effective measure for them to increase efficiency in business
organisation (Beringer, Jonas and Kock, 2013). Employees are they only source for interaction
between organisation and customers so giving priority will be fruitful for organisation.
Proper guidance and direction- By providing proper guidance to employees and make
them goal oriented will increase efficiency of organisation in performing business activities.
Guiding employee will aid organisation for gaining fruitful results.
Organizational Theories, Models and Concepts
For applying strategies in business organisation several model must be used. There are
different theories like scientific, bureaucratic and classical theories etc. will aid organisation for
proper functioning in business activities (Blomquist and et. al., 2010). There are different
employees working in business organisation helps in fulfilment targets on right time. Managing
of several activities in XYZ companies can be done with effective theories that are used to
provide better guidance to activities by managers. Motoring of these activities will help in
proper analysis of data and make effective planning accordingly
TASK 3
P3 Components of Product Life Cycle
XYZ company has formed to launch Television of bigger size unto 58'. For doing this
they need preparation related to launches and investing. There are different available sources
and ways for launching of product in business market, company must choose best procedure for
enhancing productivity for longer run in business market (Antonio Martins and Ramos Martins,
2012). The investigation and improvement division of organisation used to step up for better
analysing of demand and make product accordingly. Analysing a market includes durability, cost
of productivity, features and expectations. R& D have to observe these factors genuinely while
analysing a market. The TV must have innovative features and unique in market with added
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features this will them to have competitive advantage in business market (Brauers and
Zavadskas, 2010). Another important factors that are to be analysed in business market are
products of competitors and their features this will give them better idea about about strategies in
marketing strategies.
The XYZ company company leaders using contingency theory in which they identify
conflicts arise in the workplace. This theory can be used for interpreting disputes which
interference different organisation situations. In this theory, productivity is the major function of
managers capabilities at the time of adopting environmental modifications. Contingency theory
allow freedom to the company managers while making decisions that are based on present
situations.
PLC is abbreviation of Product Life Cycle. It is an crucial procedure of merchandising.
It gives detailed info about process of development of that product in business market. This life
cycle predict that a product that starts in business market must have a end (Fernández-Sánchez
and Rodríguez-López, 2010). Company must make that they observe they have a linger product
life cycle, that means the product is doing effective business in market.
Project life cycle stages:
 Initial stage – It is that stage where project objectives and needs has been identified and
this can being a business problem and opportunity. It is the process that are required to
start and begin a new project. The main purpose of the project initiation is to evaluate and
determine what the project should be accomplished. It is the starting stage where project
manager identifies a business needs and requirements or an opportunity. In this phase,
company manager evaluate whether the new project is feasible and they can reaching
with firm objectives and goals. If the manager of respective company consider that new
project will target huge sales for an organisation then it will continue to implement plan
in effective way.
 Planning stage – After completing the initiation phase, company manager plans for
execution of the project. In this stage, manager of XYZ firm required to recognise or
identify the project in better way. In addition to this, there are various strategies which
are need to be planned while completing project work or tasks in given time period. In
the regard of XYZ company, it need to plan effective financial human and technological
resources which are necessary for executing project in better manner.
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 Execution stage – In the third stage, project task has been implemented and all the major
rules and responsibilities are associated with the project which are assigned to number of
workers. All the resources are necessary such as financial, technological and human
which can be used in effective manner so they are attaining positive results in definite
time period. Moreover, it is the main responsibility of company manager is to monitor
and manage the project so they are take required actions in order to eliminate any issues
if it is occurs during the implementation of project activities.
 Closing stage – At last, project activities should be completed and new project launched
by XYZ company which should deliver maximum value to the desired customers. After
the completion of project resources which are released and terminate the suppliers and
communicate at the time of closure project.
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This concept is applicable only with analysing manager efforts. There is some important
role of leader for providing measures and evaluation how to improve their position of effective
products and services in huge market area (Mir and Pinnington, 2014). Along with this,
operational manager should need to given emphasise on employees performance. Company
manager can also ask to the employees for giving their best activity and also assist in improving
their career potentiality. The main aim of product life cycle is to make efforts which are useful
for improving their goods position in the large sector. There are various employees which should
use various leadership and motivational skills so they can achieve their desired targets and goals
of firm.
TASK 4
P4 Effectual of PLC in application of projection
XYZ try to enter in large marketplace with their new merchandise. XYZ has make great
reputation in the large market and it is complex for maintaining image in the industry. It is very
essential role of manager is to encourage their employees for afford their best services to their
customers in better manner (Pemsel and Wiewiora, 2013). Also company manager say that if
firm can grow their prospect for making growth of employees which is possible. PLC is not easy
for applying with their designing for approaching time period. It is essential that policies and
scheme are assist in accomplish all leading goals and targets in appropriate manner. Manager and
leader want to examine such way which satisfy all objectives in the firm. It is clearly stated that
all followed discussion need to adopt different changes according to their demand and
requirement of customers. This is essential for taking customer taste and preference into
consideration.
PLC is necessary for executing effective strategies and policies which are related to
products and services. XYZ firm is enter in new product so it is important for maintaining their
quality in effectively. Most of the companies are dealing with this sector, XYZ is tough task or
work for compete with them. It can be accomplished when firm provides best quality based
services and facilities at reasonable price. This is requirement of effective planning so there is
limited opportunities for getting failure of products. They require to take proper care after sale
services which can help in giving appropriate satisfaction to their customers. Company manager
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can properly take care of rivals policies and strategies. For making resist in huge market place
for provide new and innovative discount which assist in availing them (Ramasesh and Browning,
2014). PLC is essential for implementing plans which are related to new goods and it is
necessary for taking correct activities when it is required. PLC is not using theoretical work but it
is important for applying effective policies in appropriate way.
There are different sources which are required in the large marketplace. Also company
manager should taken into consideration that is best and cheap in rate. Many department are
dream for making their dream project. This includes purchase management, inventory control,
logistic administration etc. that will assist in managing cost and also reducing wastage materials
in proper manner.
Before developing a successful project, it is necessary for company is to designing and
implementing PLC for identifying all occurring issues and mistakes. It is necessary for firm is to
follow all steps of project life cycle that help in tackling with any specific problems which arise
while making a project. With the help of PLC, company can develop complex project without
creating any errors and mistakes effectively.
XYZ company is implementing Lean production technique for cost saving. This is an
approach of management which mainly focus on reducing wastage, while ensuring product
quality. It can be applied for designing products while distributing products.
In XYZ firm, benchmarking technique will be used to execute quality measures because
it is that procedure which help in measuring the performance of organisation products, process
and facilities against other business. This method assist in improving quality of goods as per the
demand of desired customers.
It is required for firm is to maintain the quality at the time of producing and distributing a
new product because if quality of goods are appropriate so this will attract large number of
customers towards company. It is essential for firm is to build business which distribute products
which satisfying their buyers expectations. This will assist in reducing wastage and operate
business at higher level of productivity.
CONCLUSION
According to the above mentioned report it can be analysed that Operation management
is very essential for an organisation which help in dealing with large organisation. This is
important that company manager need to check or investigate employees who will pursuing
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within an enterprise in better manner. There is some important role of leader for providing
measures and evaluation how to improve their position of effective products and services in huge
market area. It is very essential role of manager is to encourage their workers for give their best
facilities to their customers in better manner. The company implement operation management for
developing, designing, managing and controlling specific product and services in proper manner.
Also this is required for firm is to develop strategies which assist in help them in enhancing
growth and development. PLC is not easy for applying with their planning for future time period.
It is necessary that policies and strategies are help in fulfilling all major goals and targets in
appropriate manner. The project life cycle is directly impact on designing and developing a
specific project according to the customers needs and requirements. This will provide low
applicability in some market place and sometime this create rigid in their strategies.
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Online
Management Theories & Concepts at the Workplace. 2018. [Online]. Available
through:<http://smallbusiness.chron.com/management-theories-concepts-workplace-
17693.html >.
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