Approaches to Operations Management in Marks & Spencer

Operations and
management

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK1 (Covered in PPT)................................................................................................................3
TASK2.............................................................................................................................................3
P2: Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager....................3
P3: Apply different theories and models of approaches.............................................................5
M2: Assess the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to situations within the work
environment.................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P4: Explain the key approaches to operations management........................................................7
P5: Explain the importance and value of operations management..............................................8
M3 How leader can enhance efficiency of operational management..........................................9
TASK4...........................................................................................................................................10
P6 factor in business environment contact upon operational management...............................10
M4 Analyse several factors affect business environment..........................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
FERENCES...................................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Operations management is defined as the procedure that contains various activities and functions
such as plan organisational strategies, organise all human and financial resources, monitoring
and supervising production process as well as ensure efficient manufacturing of products and
services. The main focus of operations management is upon concerting all organisation inputs
and material into outputs effectively and efficiently. Basically, it is the administration of various
business practices that creates higher efficiency at work place in order to attain all organisational
defined goals and objectives and help to maximise business profitability and performance
(Abbas, Di Fulvio and Spinelli, 2018). The concept of operations management develop balance
between cost and revenue of organisation to attain higher operations profit. It is related to ensure
proper utilisation of organisational resources such as staff, equipment, material as well as
technologies. In this report the chosen organisation is Marks & Spencer which is British
multinational retailing organisation established in the year of 1884 by Michael Marks and
Thomas Spencer. The organisation provides its products and services world-wide through
locating stores at 1463 locations. and headquarter situated in London, England, UK. In this report
roles and functions of leaders and managers in different situational context, strengths and
weakness of these approaches and different leadership theories are discussed. Apart from that,
different approaches and importance of operations and management and factors of business
environment that impacts on organisational decision-making are covered in this project report.
TASK1 (Covered in PPT)
TASK2
P2: Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager
Behavioural theory of leadership: The respective leadership theory focuses on the
behaviour of leaders and examines that how leaders use their skills and capabilities in most
effective and efficient manner. As the behaviour is the most important aspect of measuring the
potentiality and performance of leaders in specific situations (Cezar, Cavusoglu and
Raghunathan, 2017). The behavioural theory evaluates the behaviour of employees in Marks &
Spencer and develop effective policies accordingly that help to enhance employee performance
and productivity level.

Classical theory of management: Classical theory focuses on specific task which is
distributed in various teams as well as departments of Marks & Spencer. Management plays
important role in assessing the various perspectives of organisation. Managers of respective
organisation apply the theory within organisation after explaining the defined task at all level of
organisation that enhance the productivity as well as efficiency. Before implementing the theory
managers analyse skills and capabilities of employees than train them to match the skills of team
members to most suitable options.
Contingency theory of management: The contingency theory is implemented within
management functions on the bases on efficiency leads the behaviour as well as solutions of
Marks & Spencer department in order to attain desired goals and objectives properly. It depends
upon various practical techniques that are used for organisational growth and development. The
respective theory is applied in the organisation according to circumstance and resources of
organisation (Chowdary, and Fullerton, 2019). As there are various positive as well as negative
situations are raised so, management suitable decisions as per situation to run business activities
appropriately.
Leadership trait theory: In leadership trait theory, managers and leaders concentrate on
approach that enhance employee motivation. There are various factors are included in this
theory, one factor is focus on maintaining the effective brand image on the other hand, other
factors impact on productivity if organisation concentrate on one factor (Cummings, Li, Seth and
Seong, 2020). If Marks & Spencer decides to provide training and development on employees
that is the responsibility of managers and leaders. Managers of organisation identify the
requirements of training than leaders need to assess the long-term training requirements to
improve employee performance.
Transformational leadership theory: In this leadership theory, leaders inspire employees
of Marks & Spencer that motivates employees to perform their task more efficiently. There are
various decisions are taken by organisation based on employees which enhance overall
performance and effectiveness of employees. Managers and leaders apply the theory to recognise
the needs of providing training and development to employees to enhance their working
efficiency.