Operations and Project Management

Operations and Project Management INTRODUCTION: 3 TASK 14 P1 Conduct a review and critique of the implementation of operations management principles within an organisational context. 4 TASK 27 P2 Prepare a continuous improvement plan based on the review and critique of operations management principles within an organisational context.

Operations and Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION:..........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
P1 Conduct a review and critique of the implementation of operations management principles
within an organisational context. ....................................................................................................4
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................7
P2 Prepare a continuous improvement plan based on the review and critique of operations
management principles within an organisational context...........................................................7
TASK 3.......................................................................................................................................8
P3 Apply each stage of the PLC to a given project, producing necessary supporting
documentation for completing the project e.g. a business case, project plan, work breakdown
structure.......................................................................................................................................8
TASK 4.....................................................................................................................................13
P4 Review and critique the effectiveness of the PLC in application to the chosen project using
appropriate theories, concepts and models................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION:
Operation management is an continuous chain of activity that enables in developing
goods and services so that firm can enhance its product line in proper way. Operation
management is basically used in operations, management and in IT sector for best utilization of
resources. Operation management is an branch of administration that gives its contribution in
continuous improvement in performance by offering best goods to their consumers and main task
is converting raw material into finish goods and services. This report is based on Hot point which
is an American and European brand of home appliances It deals in cameras, scanners, washing
machines, mobile phones and laptops and it planned to expand its market by launching 58 inches
TV so that they can complete their product line in better way. This report is based on
significance of project management and operations with its principles, results of their
application. With importance of continuous improvement plan in business by find out their
serious concerns and their proper solution.
TASK 1
P1 Conduct a review and critique of the implementation of operations management principles
within an organisational context
Operation management is significant attribute in organisational growth and for getting
desirable outcomes in completion of work. Project management is an multifunctional approach
that emphasise on planning, organising and delivering right kind of products to consumers
(Binder, 2016.). These principles should be give positive results in organisation while implement
into organisation to remove potential problems that faced by organisation in current scenario. So
it is very effective to get better results.
Principles of project management:
In operation management there are some specified principles that contributes in
organisational growth and prosperity that are as follows:
Principle of managed passion:
This principle of operations management states that company's progress depends on
passion of employees towards their job and work (Galloway, Rowbotham and Azhashemi,
2012). If organisation treat in well manner with their employees means if working conditions is

not good in organisation then it enhance turnover in organisation. In case of Hot point it has to
give proper motivation to their employees while launching a new product in market.
Principle of humility:
That principle of operation management states that when an organisation launch a new
product managers have to confront new circumstances or situation from which they are not
familiar with. In that case organisation have to pay for it. To solve that problem manager have to
take proper solution so that they don't face any failure (Harrison and Lock, 2017). In case of Hot
point while launching new product into market they spend lot of time and money on research.
Principle of success:
This principle of operation management states that according to market and consumer
needs organisation have to rethink about their previous principles. In that principle, product
should be produce according to consumers demand and for giving delighted experiences to them
(Jacobs, Chase and Lummus, 2014).
In case of Hot point by identifying consumers wants launch a new product so that can satisfy
their upcoming demands.
Principle of change:
This principle states that manufacture and a specific solution is not self sufficient in
same manner. To achieve better solution organisation need to have a solution so that they can
satisfy it. Organisation have to launch something new in market to enlarge its opportunities, in
case of Hot point it by launching new product into market giving better solution to their
consumers.
Principle of reality:
This principle describes that no theory or principle is permanent solution of any problem
means other techniques can give better solution. In case of Hot point, it find new solution to
satisfy consumers need and want in better manner by evaluating their current and potential
demands.
Six sigma:
six sigma is a continuous, disciplined, multidisciplinary approach which helps in
eliminating defects while produce goods and services. This theory related to continuous
development in production process,that is developed by Motorola in 1980s. There are some
approaches of six sigma that helps in gaining efficiency in production that are as follows:

Define:
Main focus of that process is briefing of project plan by focusing on problems, goals of
improvement plan by identifying project and consumer base. Inputs comes from the consumers,
business and process of business in successful accomplishment of goals with objectives. In case
of Hot point it by identifying potential needs of consumers and after that aimed to launch a new
product into market (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017).
Measure:
In that phase of continuous improvement main focus is to collection of data and
information by applying different techniques and mechanisms. In case of Hot point it apply new
techniques while launch a new product into market.
Analyse:
in another step of six sigma it find out root cause that creates inefficiency in production
process and measures should be adopted to improve in work performance. In case of Hot point it
find out solution of emerging demands of consumers.
Improve:
In that phase of continuous improvement, solutions of problems should be identifyied and
implement by organisation to get desirable outcomes. In case of Hot point it by providing
solution of their forthcoming demand of consumers so that they become loyal consumers of
organisation.
Control:
In that phase of continuous improvement plan, organisation should develop a deep
monitoring plan that is obligatory for monitor the performance by evaluating all systems and
processes (Morris, 2013). In case of Hot point it measure outcomes after launching a new
product that it effects in positive or not.
Lean production/ manufacturing:
It is a chain of activities that helps in minimize defects to improve performance level of
organisation. It gives significant contribution in cut out wastage and provide qualitative products
and services to increase profitability and enhance their product line. There are five principles of
lean production to improve their performance level that are as follows:
Define value:

The principle of lean production focus on improvement in performance level of product
and services by acknowledge consumer's taste and preferences. It helps in find out potential
needs that will emerge in near future. In case of Hot point it aimed to launch a new product in
which 58 inches TV will be launch by it.
Map value stream:
This system of lean production focus on goal orientation with contribution of each and
every activity by find out the reference point. In case of Hot point by finding out hidden needs of
consumer it aimed to launch a new TV in marketplace.
Create flow:
That process helps in elimination of wastage of resources for smooth functioning of work
and activities without hindrances (Nicholas and Steyn, 2017.). In case of Hot point it breaking
down work in different parts, reinforcement and levelling of activities so that proper results
should be accomplished.
Establish pull:
While producing goods and services, inventory plays major role to fully satisfy
consumers needs and wants. But to reduce operating cost, organisation have to produce
according to consumption pattern of their consumers. In case of Hot point to give proper
satisfaction to consumers by eliminating inventory.
Pursue perfection:
Perfection is an important factor to give satisfaction level to consumers, for that
organisation have to follow specified steps. To improve in production process, organisation
adopts lean and six sigma approach which enables in improvement(Subramanian and
Ramanathan, 2012). In case of Hot point it adopts different types of strategies to improve their
production process to get desirable outcomes.
TASK 2
P2 Prepare a continuous improvement plan based on the review and critique of operations
management principles within an organisational context
Issues Plan Do Review Outcome
Quality Organisation
faces problem of
In that case
organisation have
After applying
that methodology
Quality is an
important

quality that
hinders their self
interest.
to apply Lean
manufacturing to
improve their
product quality.
they evaluate that
gradually quality
of products
should improve.
attribute in
organisational
progress by
improving quality
organisation have
to amend in their
production
process by
adopting lean
production. It
enables to Hot
point in
improving overall
performance of
product.
Cost Cost is an
important factor
that affect
purchasing power
of consumers.
Six sigma is an
approach which
helps in cut cost
and get desirable
outputs.
After adaptation
of six sigma
organisation can
able to reduce its
cost.
Six sigma is an
important
attribute in
enhancing their
performance level
that contributes in
cut cost and
deliver best
products. Hot
point adopts
pricing strategy to
reduce price and
give their best
and cost effective
products to their

consumers.
Delivery Deliver product at
appropriate time
helps in gain
effective results.
Change principle
helps in gain
effective results
by find out
different solution
of a single
problem.
After adaptation
of that principle
organisation can
easily deliver its
product at right
time.
Deliver right kind
of products and
services to
potential
consumers need
to adopt change
principle which
describe about
that single
solution of a
problem is not
sufficient to
eliminate problem
in better way. Hot
point if face
deliver problems
in that case it
choose change
principle that
helps in finding
out different
options of same
problem ( A Sears
and et. al .,
2015.).
Safety While launch a
new product
organisation face
issues of safety.
Humility is an
principles that
helps in resolving
safety issues.
By adopting that
principle
organisation can
easily solve that
While launching a
new product into
market
organisation have

issue. to face many
problems from
that they are not
familiar and
managers not
ready to face it so
in that case
principle of
humanity helps to
adopt
environment. In
case of Hot point
while it launch 58
inches TV in
market they face
safety issues so in
that case that
principle give
guidelines.
Effectiveness of the continuous improvement plan:
Continuous improvement plan helps in producing goods and services in effective manner
by reducing cost. In case of Hot point it adopts various measures to improve in their production
process by applying different theories and practices. It is very important to adopt various
measures to improve performance level by adopting different theories and practices. Hot point to
complete their product line aimed to launch 58 inches TV to grab large no. of consumers. For
that data and information should be align so that effective results should be accomplished. With
help of lean manufacturing organisation can implement and solve their above mentioned issues
to get desirable outcomes. It helps in reduction in wastage and increase profitability ratio.

TASK 3
P3 Apply each stage of the PLC to a given project, producing necessary supporting
documentation for completing the project e.g. a business case, project plan, work
breakdown structure
When a new product is launched in the market it passes through various stages of product
life cycle which includes introduction stage, growth stage, maturity and at last decline stage. This
impacts marketing strategy and marketing mix for the respective company. In case of Hot point,
it is expanding its product line by launching a new product that is 58 inches TV. For the
successful implementation of the strategy it is necessary to attract customers (Swink and et.al .,
2017). For successful implementation of this project company needs to build life cycle of
product and the estimated revenue is 250 "€". Product life cycle of this new product is described
below-
Introduction Stage-
In this stage of product life cycle, it focuses on building product awareness and has a
impact on marketing mix on each area of market such as product, place, price and promotion
(Swink and et.al ., 2018). This stage focus on analysing customer needs and wants and
accordingly develop products and services. As Hot point is aimed to develop a 58 inches TV in
market by accessing needs and wants of consumer and launching its product in market so as to
meet customer requirements completely. Potential research shows that it will take around 4- 5
weeks to launch a new product in the market place. Under this stage autocratic leadership style is
followed in which leaders have full control over the staff and influence their behaviour and
performance of work.
Growth Stage-
In this stage of product life cycle product is actually placed in the market. It focuses on
building brand awareness so as to increase customer loyalty and increase market share of sales.
This project is of important and will take approximately 2- 3 weeks. Under this stage democratic
style of leadership is adopted in which leader consult their employees prior taking final
decisions.
Maturity Stage-
This stage focuses on competing with their substitute products an in the present case Hot
point has to cut off the prices of its products and focus on promotions of new product. Hot point

should focus on promoting its products in order to create consumer awareness in market. This
stage would take almost 5 days to get effective results in order to attain desirable results. Under
this stage situational leadership will be adopted by the organisation and should adjust his style
accordingly that fits best with the followers.
Decline stage-
Under this stage organisations have two options either to maintain product by adding
some new and innovative features and another option is to discontinue the product line (Turner,
2014.). It helps in giving suggestions that helps in enhancement in its productivity by taking
important actions while launching a new product into market. It takes approximately 8 days and
adopts servant leadership styles so that they can enhance its productivity.
Gantt chart:
Gantt chart is an horizontal bar chart which represents time span to accomplish particular
tasks and it helps in planning and scheduling of activities so that each and every activity should
be distributed in proper way to accomplish objectives. In case of Hot point it by different
projects and bifurcate into different parts so that effective results should be achieve.
Business case:
In that following steps are included:
Executive summary:
Hot point planned to launch a new product into market by tracking consumers taste and
preferences and by collecting relevant data so that proper evaluation should be occurred. In that
cost, resources and other relevant information can be acquire to get better results ( Turner,
2016.).
Goal:
The main aim is to expand its market share by satisfying consumer demand in very
suitable manner.
Cost:
Cost is an important factor that describes about viability of a project. Complete cost of a
project is 200£.
Benefits:
Benefits that can be achieve from that project is extension of line and acquire satisfied
consumers. It also give advantage in get best results when evaluating each and every aspect.

Execution time:
Every firm and its projects take long duration in execution in proper manner. It takes
approximately 2 years in proper achievement of results.
Project plan:
In project plan consist of following factors:
Cost:
Cost is an important factor that judge feasibility of project by observing many factors
such as risk factor, resources and material price. The cost of project plan is £ 1,50,000 .
Scope:
In that scenario the scope of the project is to enlarge its market share by enhance its
profitability in better manner. It complete their product line and satisfy their needs and wants in
different way (Verzuh, 2015 ).
Resources:
while launching a new product into market organisation have to adopt different
manpower and resources so that they can give better products in desirable manner.
Risk:
When launch a new product in market space, many challenges and risk factor associated
with the project. Hot point sometimes due to wrong segmentation fail to occupy desirable
outcomes.

Work break down structure:
In project management work break down are related with systems and engineering, it
bifurcate work into smaller parts and helps in organise team (Verzuh, 2015). In case of Hot
point it adopts WBS to get proper time duration of each and every work.

TASK 4
P4 Review and critique the effectiveness of the PLC in application to the chosen project using
appropriate theories, concepts and models.

Illustration 1: SDLC - Waterfall Model
(Source: SDLC – waterfall model 2019)
Product life cycle plays significant role in organisation growth and enhancement to give
guidelines and instructions to measure ratio. It helps in achieve effective results with help of
Product life cycle because it denotes scenario of each and every stage while launch a new
product. It helps in attain organisational objectives, goals that can be attain by Waterfall model
that are as follows:
Requirement gathering and analysis:
In that phrase of model it helps in gathering all data and information according to
organisation requirements of organisation. To gather important data and information Hot point
uses different modes in which Brainstorming and walk-through should be used by them. In case
of Hot point before launching a new product into market place it gather various types of data to
gain important insights and improve in performance level (Weglarz, ed., 2012).
System design:
In next phrase of waterfall model which helps in collection of appropriate data then
design accordingly. In that scenario Hot point collects hardware and software to build right type
of products and services and also design documents to update according to requirement.
Implementation:
In that stage code to accomplish some specific objectives and integrate in next phrase to
deliver right product in to market place. In case of Hot point while launch a new product into
market they have to test about product quality so that desirable results should be accomplish.
Integration and testing:
In that stage of waterfall model they test and make sure that quality of products should be
according to standards. In that phase units of production should be created while launch a new
product into market by accessing test marketing and their potential results. It helps in grab
attention of consumers.
Deployment of system:

In that phrase of waterfall model to access effectiveness of PLC model while lauching a
new product into market. It gives important attributes while adopting PLC in introducing a new
TV into market. By it system should be develop to get effective results.
Maintenance:
In that step, to achieve desirable results, Hot point evaluate various issues and concerns
so that it can be resolved easily by evaluating each and every aspect in production process. In
case of Hot point it evaluates various measures to evaluate performance. It helps in eradicate
issues and concerns to achieve better products and services (Subramanian and Ramanathan,
2012).
Therefore it has been concluded that PLC plays a very important role in organisational
development and advancement. It is useful in producing new products and services in new
market place to grab opportunities. Both large and small scale enterprises uses different business
projects. In large scale business organisation uses different leadership styles in which autocratic
and democratic are included. Autocratic leadership style is very useful for businesses because in
that they control each and every activity so that efficiency should be occurred in organisation. On
other hand in democratic leadership style they can take inputs from workers and final decisions
should be taken accordingly so that effective results should be achieve (Verzuh, 2015).
In small business projects servant and situational leadership style should be use by them to get
effective results. In situational leadership adopt different styles that suitable according to
different situation. In servant leadership style that emphasis on needs and wants of consumers so
that they can give their best in organisational development and in enhancement. Large projects
requires high investment and on other hand small projects needs comparatively less budget. In
large scale time duration is long in comparison to small projects.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that operation management is a significant
attribute in organising, planning and controlling work and activities that helps in reduction in
errors and Appraise its productivity. The main motive of operation management is to sum of all
features in one products and services so that they compensate consumer needs in proper way. In
operation management there are some principles and theories that helps in gain organisation

effective results and satisfy by finding out solutions of problems. Continuous improvement
enables to remain always up to date with changes and provides accuracy.
REFERENCES
Books and journals
Binder, J., 2016. Global project management: communication, collaboration and management
across borders. Routledge.
Galloway, L., Rowbotham, F. and Azhashemi, M., 2012. Operations management in context.
Routledge.
Harrison, F. and Lock, D., 2017. Advanced project management: a structured approach.
Routledge.
Jacobs, F.R., Chase, R.B. and Lummus, R.R., 2014. Operations and supply chain management
(pp. 533-535). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Morris, P.W., 2013. Reconstructing project management. John Wiley & Sons.

Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2017. Project management for engineering, business and
technology. Routledge.
Sears, S.K., and et. al ., 2015. Construction project management. John Wiley & Sons.
Subramanian, N. and Ramanathan, R., 2012. A review of applications of Analytic Hierarchy
Process in operations management. International Journal of Production Economics.
138(2). pp.215-241.
Swink, M., and et.al ., 2017. Managing operations across the supply chain. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill Education.
Swink, M., and et.al ., 2018. Managing operations across the supply chain. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill Education.
Turner, J.R., 2014. Handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). New York, NY: McGraw-
hill.
Turner, R., 2016. Gower handbook of project management. Routledge.
Verzuh, E., 2015. The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley & Sons.
Weglarz, J. ed., 2012. Project scheduling: recent models, algorithms and applications (Vol. 14).
Springer Science & Business Media.
Online
SDLC – waterfall model. 2019. Available through:
<https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sdlc/sdlc_waterfall_model.htm>

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