Organisational Behaviour Report

This report analyzes the impact of organizational culture, politics, and power on individual and team performance within 4Com Plc. It explores various motivational theories and examines the factors that contribute to effective teamwork. The report also examines the Path Goal Theory of Leadership, highlighting the importance of leadership styles in motivating employees and achieving organizational goals.

Organisational behaviour

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1...........................................................................................................................................1
P1 Organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance.................................................................................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable effective achievement of goals 4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P3: State what makes a team effective as opposed to an effective team.....................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4: Philosophies and concepts of organisational behaviour........................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organisation consists of a group of people who have gathered to work for attaining
common aim with the collective efforts. Behaviour is physical or verbal response that shown
through an individuals as consequence of impact of their surroundings. Organisational behaviour
refers to study of manner in which persons communicate within the groups. It is applied in
attempt to develop more effective business firms. It is study of the behaviour of human in an
organisation setting, interface among company and human behaviour. This present report is
based on 4 com plc and it was established in year 1999. It provides the telecommunication
services to people and its main aim is to improve communication of small size market in United
Kingdom. Under this mention report will be discuss about the politics, culture and power which
influence on performance and behaviour of team or individual. Philosophies and concepts of
organisational behaviour with in firm and business situation will be mention (Al-Zu’bi, 2015)
.
TASK 1
P1 Organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance
Organisational Culture- Culture refers to social norms and behaviour searched in the
human societies. Organisational culture refers to underlying values, assumptions, beliefs and
ways of communicating that contribute towards unique psychological and social environment of
company. It consists experiences, philosophies and expectations of company that help in guide
the behaviour of employee at workplace. 4com plc provides the telecommunication services to
people so that they can connect with each other. Organisational culture is set of the shared
assumptions which guide what happen in company through explaining behaviour for different
situations. It impacts way groups and people communicate with the each other and with
stakeholders. In the organisational culture of 4com plc, staff members are committed towards
attaining their objectives and have positive impact on performance of business (Ayyagari,
Grover and Purvis, 2012) The behaviour of performance of team members and individual
based on culture. If the organisational culture will be good then they can perform in better
manner and will focus toward attaining specific objectives with in given period of time. 4 com
plc is comprised with four different kinds of culture which are mention below:
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Power culture- It refers to power that is held through some people whose influence is
spread throughout in company. Under this, there are some rules and regulations and employees
are judged on their performance. It has more affect on relationship among departments and staff
members of 4 com plc. It is necessary that power should be used for develop better coordination
among employees and through this relationship among the staff members will be positive and
their performance will be enhanced. If power will be delegated in effective manner then it will
be helpful in improving performance of team and individual at workplace.
Role culture- In an organisation, role culture is based on the rules. Employees should
know about their roles and responsibilities. Under this consists organisational structure which
has been followed through 4 com plc and manner in which the roles and responsibilities are
divided (Braccini and Federici, 2013).
.
Task culture- It forms when teams in company are developed to address particular issues
related to tasks. In 4 com plc, task is a necessary for company so each team members should
perform that by making proper coordination. The focus of manager in 4 com plc is to create
effective teams which assess in provide better solutions and guidance related to tasks.
Person culture- In company with the person culture, people see themselves more
superior or unique to firm. It is a duty of manager in 4 com plc to focus on every employee and
motivate them to develop their skills and perform in well manner. Under this, each employee
look itself superior and not prefer to take suggestion from other employee. From this negative
impact will be created and performance or behaviour of teams and individual will be negatively
influenced.
Organisational Politics- It refers to pursuit of individual self- interest and agenda in company
without regard to impact on efforts of an organization to attain goals. Organisational politics is
behaviour and process in the human interaction including authority and power. People which are
included in organisational politics can resist performance of staff members or increase their
interests. Impact of organisational politics on behaviour and performance of team or groups
mention below:
Reduce productivity- Politics minimize output of person and it develops the negative
impact on productivity (Burrell and Morgan, 2017). In an organisation, People which are
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involved in politics do not give their more attention towards perform task. From this they fail to
attain set targets and make reason of reduce productivity of an organisation.
Affect concentration- In an organisation, people find it complex to concentrate on work.
The people which are more involved in politics spoil image of other people in front of top
management. People included in politics are bound to make mistakes.
Demotivated employees- At workplace, discussions are necessary to extract best out of
staff members. They feel more demotivated when they are not appreciated and rewarded for their
work. In 4 com plc, staff members play the politics to look for an opportunity to defile image of
fellow workers which results in non-performance of teams and individual members.
Organisational power- Power is exercise of authority that is delegated to an individual.
In an organisation, people which possess power have ability to influence the other staff members
and also impact on behaviour of subordinates (Coccia and Rolfo, 2013).. Proper use of the power
is helpful in give better guidance to workers in order to perform their functions. It is necessary
that manager should provide the power to all employees equally or on the basis of their positions.
If the power will not be distributed equally then conflict can be arise at workplace. More
powerful employee will not fairly treated less powerful employees. It will develop the negative
impact on performance and behaviour of individuals and team members. The various kinds of
power which are obsessed through 4 com Plc. Are mention below:
Legitimate power- It is known as positional power and derived from position that an
individual hold in hierarchy of company. Under this, executive and manager leading in company
because of their position or status.
Expert power- People which have more experience and knowledge than other employees
of team exhibit the expert power. It consists motivation to staff members in context to develop
knowledge and skills to achieve high position at workplace in 4 com plc.
Reward power- This type of power consists use of perks, training opportunities, rewards,
new projects and also monetary advantages in order to influence people. In addition to this,
leader that has ability to reward a team member or employee has the reward power.
Coercive power- It refers to use of the threats to make the individuals do what they
desires. Under this, leader that can punish team member or employee has coercive power. It will
develop negative affect on performance level of 4com plc staff members. Through this,
productivity of company will be reduced (DeChurch and Mesmer-Magnus, 2016).
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These all are the different types of power and among them, 4 com plc should use reward
power because it enhance motivation of employees so that they can perform in an effective
manner.
TASK 2
P2 Theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable effective achievement of goals
Motivation refers to reason for desires, needs and actions. It is a driving force that
stimulates a person to initiate as well as retain behaviour. In an organisation. Motivation is
necessary for employees because through this they can work in better manner and will ficus
towards attaining specific goal. Motivational theories are of two different types Process and
content theory.
Content theory- This theory defines why the needs of human changes with the time. It
gives emphasis on those factors which are present in a person and influence on its behaviour. It
consists determination of requirements which aids in employee motivation and make
improvement in their performance.
Maslow Hierarchy and Herzberg motivational theories both are used by 4 com plc to enhance
motivation of employees at workplace.
Herzberg Theory- It states that there are many factors at workplace which cause the job
satisfaction while other factors cause dissatisfaction. With the help of this theory, 4 com plc can
identify factors which cause satisfaction or dissatisfaction (Dobrow, 2013). This theory is
classified in two different factors:
Hygiene factors- It refers to those factors which are adequate in job, pacify staff
members and also do not dissatisfied them. These are necessary for motivation existence at
workplace. For long period of time, these factors do not lead the positive satisfaction. These
factors symbolise physical requirements which a person expected as well as wanted to fulfilled.
Under this includes:
Supervision- It is necessary that in an organisation, supervision must be appropriate and
fair. Staff members should be provides as more autonomy as required.
Physical Working conditions- At workplace, the working conditions should be hygienic,
safe and clean. Manager of 4 com plc should develop positive working environment so that all
employees can work in better manner (Hafenbrack, Kinias and Barsade, 2014). Interpersonal
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relations- Relationship of employees with superiors, subordinates and peers should be acceptable
and appropriate. At the workplace, there should not be any humiliation and conflict arise.
Administrative and company policies – The policies of 4 com plc should not be rigid and
also should be clear and fair. It should consist breaks, flexible working hours, vacation etc.
Motivational factors- These motivational factors yields the positive satisfaction and these
are inherent to work. These are helpful in motivate the staff members for their superior
performance. In addition to this, motivators sysmbolise psychological requirements which are
perceives as extra benefits. Motivational factors consists:
Responsibility- It is necessary that staff members should be responsible towards their
work. In an organisation, manager should provide them ownership of work so that they can feel
motivate. They should reduce control but sustain the accountability.
Recognition- Under this, managers should praised the staff members as well as identified
for their achievements. Manager should praise them about their work. With the help of this,
employees will be motivated and their performance will be enhanced (Haslam and et.al., 2014).
Promotional and growth opportunities- It is important that in employees there should be
sense of achievement. It is based on job and perform their job responsibilities in better manner. It
will provide the growth along with promotional opportunities to employees at workplace.
Maslow Hierarchy Theory- It refers to motivational theory in psychology comprising the five
model of human needs with different level. All the needs are arranged in hierarchical form which
are mention below:
Physiological Needs- These are physical needs for survival of human. If these needs are
not met then people can not function in proper manner. Food, water, air and sleep are most
necessary physiological needs which should be met in context go further in hierarchy. In order to
fulfil the job, these basic needs are required by an employee. If needs will be fulfilled then
employees will be motivated (Huang and Bond, 2012).
Safety needs- It consists those requirements which provide an individual well being and
security. Financial security, protection from accidents, health are included in the safety needs. It
takes the effective measures which are taken through 4 com plc related to safety of employees. It
is a responsibility of manager to provide positive and safe working environment to employees.
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Social needs- These are necessary for employees so that can not feel dissatisfied,
depressed and demotivated. Managers can account for the social requirements of staff members
through make sure that every employee should know each other, motivate to work in a team etc.
Esteem needs- It is related with recognition, appreciation and respect received from
others. An organisation must requird to motivate its workforce by appreciating their work
through giving them rewards, compensation, promotions etc. which directly help them in
achieving their loyalty with company for longer period of time.
Self-actualisation needs- It is the need which is recognised after fulfilling the needs
mentioned above. It includes individual’s desire to know its own capabilities and strength and on
the basis of which put efforts in achieving their desires. It can be fulfilled by management
through providing their employees an opportunities to show their skills and capabilities through
engaging them in challenging activities.
Process theory- It refers to behavioural and psychological processes which motivate an
individual to act in specific manner. It is helpful in examine how requirements of an individual
can impact on its behaviour in context to attain goals. 4Com Plc must required to motivate its
workers and influences their working behaviour in favourable way through supporting them in
adjusting at new workplace and new challenges at the time of relocating by applying this theory.
It includes below described theory:
Vroom’s Expectacny theory: Vroom understood that execution of representative is
completely founded on individual elements like identity, aptitudes, learning, knowledge and
capacities. Exertion and inspiration both are connected and connected with individual's
inspiration (Francis, O'Connor and Curran, 2011). For this, managers of 4Com Plc utilizes
certain factors like hope, instrumentality and valence. By actualizing this aspects, individual
destinations and necessities of representatives can be distinguished and urges them to work and
help together keeping in mind the end goal to accomplish their professional and also close to
personal objectives (Joseph and Newman, 2013).
Among the Maslow and Vroom Expectancy theory, Maslow is more effective because it
focus on the different aspects. It enhance motivation of staff members and they will be sustain at
workplace for long period of time.
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TASK 3
P3: State what makes a team effective as opposed to an effective team
Employees if working in a team provides maximum support in the growth and success of
an organisation therefore it is responsibility of management of 4Com Plc to identify the skills
and knowledge of their employees and allocate them in a team so that maximum output can be
received by company to achieve its organisational goals and objectives. Business environment is
complex in nature which contains various influencing factors therefore to achieve better result
while dealing with such influencing factors it is very important for managers to form a loyal an
hard working team to bring company ahead in the competitions among their rivals (Knights and
Willmott, 2016). 4Com Plc. operations are controlled by teams of professional who work toward
maintaining and enhancing operations and productivity of company so that it can perform more
effectively in competitive market which help in increasing profitability and market share.
Belbin theory support organisation in forming an effective team with the help of
following several steps such as implementer: In this, desired activities has been implemented.
 Resource investigator: In this, selection of employees in a team will be made.
 Plant, monitor: In this, new ideas has been implemented which directs employees.
 Shaper: In this, proper direction to members has been given.
 Coordinator: In this, coordinating with the employees are made.
 Completer and Finisher:: At this stage, the desired activities has been completed.
 Team workers: In this, supporting teammates in order to achieved desired objectives.
 Specialist: In this, knowledge has been gained y team after completion of activities.
Team work play an important role for an organisation as it help them in enhancing their
performance level and support in achieving organisational goals and objectives. An efficient and
non-efficient team has many differences. For example, effective team focuses on enhancing the
skills and knowledge of their team mates along with the desired targeted whereas ineffective
team only focuses on achieving desired target ignoring the needs and requirements of its team
mates. Ineffective team have lack of goals due to which the team members are unaware about
their roles and responsibilities. Lack of motivation is another feature of ineffective team. Due to
this, effective team provides maximum output to company as compared to ineffective team.
Qualities that are required to be present in a team under 4Com Plc is given as under:
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Good Communication: Communication assume exceptionally essential job in making
team mates to be clear about their jobs and duties. The communication framework has
straightforwardness among each level of firm with the goal that workers are roused to take
cooperation in basic leadership process and furthermore share their inventive thoughts and
suppositions on particular business issues (LA, 2013).
Mutual cooperation: The imperative quality for a viable and effective group is to make
shared participation and work common coordination among every others. This is gainful for staff
part to maintain a strategic distance from every others defects and don't get associated with
insignificant contentions and clashes with different individuals from an association. In this
manner, it prompts enhance the nature of work done by every representative and accomplish the
goals in proper way inside a specific time.
Balanced roles: It is critical that each team member need to unmistakably conveyed
about his jobs and duties in a particular movement. Worker ought to know about the normal level
of execution and he is capable to give quality execution on which representative is to be judged.
Effective leadership: Successful leader is unified with capacities to impact and
encourage its colleague so they can put more endeavors for accomplishing given target. A leader
must attain characteristics like great tuning in, communicational abilities and relational aptitudes
that will help in driving colleagues to urge them to take difficulties and obligations while
performing allotted task (Lee, Kim, and Kim., 2013).
Tuckman and Jensen’s model of team
This is the model mainly concentrate on developing teams and its members, 4Com PLc.
Need to apply this model in order to undertake the whole procedure fior developing a proficient
team from initialising phase to manage work coordination of its employees, building trust and
cooperation among them and monitoring their performance.
Forming: It is the underlying stage which includes amassing of group, work assignment,
correspondence among colleagues and their group pioneers. In 4Com Plc in this stage, workers
are appointed their obligations alongside different chances to develop and challenges that they
are amiable to experience amid their undertaking (Paillé and Grima, 2012).
Storming: In this stage, pioneers of 4Com Plc. motivates its partners to push their limits,
give additional endeavors which for the most part prompt jobs related perplexity in them.
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Norming: In this stage group creates shared comprehension and begin valuing every
others perspectives and work. 4Com Plc in this stage goes into an agreeable working
environment.
Performing: This structures last stage where in colleagues builds up a nearby bonds.
Workers end up committed and help each other in accomplishing their expert and individual
targets.
TASK 4
P4: Philosophies and concepts of organisational behaviour
Path Goal Theory of Leadership: This theory was proposed by House Mitchell in 1974.
The principle objective of this theory is to recognize distinctive styles of authority that best fits
representatives and work encompassing in order to accomplish authoritative objectives in a
successful way. It depends on Victor's Vroom hypothesis which expresses that execution of an
individual depends on the desire that the demonstration will be trailed by a given result.
With the use of this theory, 4Com Plc give massive spotlight on its representatives
qualities and additionally undertakings and condition attributes. For example, organization
examinations capacities that are remunerates for its workforce in reference to developing
ecological difficulties and changes that they are affable to look amid organization's movement
Likewise while choosing its association work culture 4Com Plc by embracing participative
authority style includes its worker to settle on what they like best about the organization
alongside vital changes essential for association's development and improvement (Suma and
Lesha, 2013).
Classification of this model are explained as under:
Employee Characteristics:- Through this theory, workers will have the ability to
evaluate particular task as per their prerequisites or necessities. For example: If leader of 4Com
Plc. give more structure than what is really required, than all things considered representatives
progresses toward becoming de-persuaded. In this way, it is the prime duty of a leader to have
further understanding with respect to their workers so they can discover most fitting approach to
encourage them.
Task and environmental characteristics:- According to this theory, Leaders needs to
evaluate execution of each individual and separate their deficiencies. Close by this, they need to
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decide issues of specialists and reduce inadequacies by giving them principal preparing and
improvement programs. It has been trusted that if snags are excessively solid than it might affect
adversely. Leaders are need to give them change path with the objective that they can work
accurately. A portion of the basic troublesome errand attributes are talked about beneath:-
Design of task: It is fundamental for pioneer to characterize all jobs and obligations
related with particular undertaking in an unmistakable way. On the off chance that assignment is
vague, pioneers needs to give them legitimate direction and course that further makes less
demanding for them to perform undertaking (Thomson and van Niekerk, 2012.
Formal Authority framework: based on assignment specialist, pioneers can give
appropriate objectives to workers with the goal that future vulnerability can controlled or
observed.
Work Group: If group is non-strong than all things considered, whole weight of group
goes ahead one single individual. Besides assignment won't be finished inside its characterized
day and age. In this way, it is essential that all worker ought to contribute similarly and advance
inspiration among them.
Leaders Behaviour or Styles: Under this theory, leadership style can be further classified into:
Directive: Under this style of administration, pioneers are exceptionally commanding and
workers.
Participative: Under this, pioneers of 4Com Plc needs to include their workers in basic
leadership process. This will make them feel persuaded and esteemed. Notwithstanding that, it
additionally help in holding them for longer period.
Participative leadership style is more effective for company as it gives an opportunity to
employees ot share their views and suggestions in decision making process which directly makes
positive impact on the working behaviour of employees. It assist company in gaining new ideas
from their employees which may useful for the betterment of company.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from above mention report that in an organization positive
behaviour of employees is necessary because it helps in enhance productivity of business. It aids
in eliminate different issue related to culture differences as well as politics. The better
organisational behaviour gives an opportunity to 4 com plc company to develop the effective
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team to improve performance. Motivation is necessary factor because it influence performance
and productivity of business. Under this mention report studied about the Maslow and Herzberg
theories of motivation. Influence of power, culture and politics on performance of team members
and individuals has been discussed in this assignment.
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REFERENCES
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Knights, D. and Willmott, H. eds., 2016. Labour process theory. Springer.
LA, B., 2013. Will prescriptions for cultural change improve the NHS?. BMJ. 346. p.19.
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